JP2002323029A - Washer and screw fastening body - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent play of fastened matter from occurring by restraining a screw from getting loose. SOLUTION: A bolt 7 is made to penetrate through the fastened matters 5 and 5 and a nut 9 is fastened via a washer 1 to a portion of the bolt 7 protruded from the fastened matter 5. The washer 1 comprises a saucer-shaped spring portion 2 with a diameter gradually enlarged from one end to the other end and a pressing portion 4 provided integrally with one end of the spring portion 2. When the nut 9 is fastened to the bolt 7, the washer 1 is axially pressed, so that a portion between one end and the other end of the spring portion 2 in the axial direction is curved and deformed, so that a repulsive force against a compressive force is generated in the spring portion 2. Since this repulsive force is added to pre-tension caused by a clamping matter 6, the pre-tension is increased to enable to prevent the screw from getting loose.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a washer and a screw fastener, and more particularly, to a washer having a function of preventing loosening of a screw and a screw fastener using the washer.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art There are various types of screw fasteners used for fastening objects to be fastened, for example, as shown in FIG.

[0003] That is, the screw fastener 22 is used to fix the lens 32 to the two-point type eyeglass frame 28, and between the bridge 29 and the inner edge of the lens 32 and between the bridge 30 and the lens 30. 32, a nut 25 to be fastened to each set screw 23, between the nut 25 and the inner edge of the lens 32, and between the nut 25 and the outer edge of the lens 32. And a bush 27 inserted into the inner edge and the outer edge of the lens 32, respectively.

In this case, a tensile force acts in the axial direction on the shaft of each set screw 23, and the axial compression is applied between the bridge 29 and the lens 32 and between the yoke 30 and the lens 32. A force acts, and by balancing these forces (pretension), it is possible to prevent the screw from becoming loose and prevent the lens 32 from rattling.

[0005] However, in the screw fastener 22 having the above-described structure, the pretension generated is reduced due to various causes during use, and in such a case, the screw is loosened, and the lens 32 becomes loose. There is a tingling.

In addition, since the number of parts is large, it takes time and effort to assemble, and the cost increases.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and can completely prevent the screws from being loosened when used for fastening an object to be fastened. It is another object of the present invention to provide a washer and a screw fastening body that can prevent rattling of an object to be fastened, can be easily assembled, and can reduce costs.

[0008]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the washer according to the present invention has a spring portion which, when compressed in the axial direction, generates a repulsive force against the compressive force. Is adopted. Further, the spring portion employs a bowl-shaped means whose diameter gradually increases from one end to the other end in the axial direction. Further, a means in which a substantially cylindrical pressing portion whose maximum outer diameter is smaller than the maximum outer diameter of the spring portion is integrally provided at one end of the spring portion in the axial direction with the axes thereof aligned with each other. It is. Further, a means is employed in which the outer peripheral surface of the pressing portion is formed as a substantially tapered surface whose diameter gradually increases as the distance from the spring portion increases.

Further, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a screw fastener comprising a bolt for inserting an object to be fastened and a nut fastened to the bolt. A spring that, when compressed in the axial direction, at least one of between the head and the workpiece and / or between the nut and the workpiece, generates a repulsive force against the compressive force. In this case, a means provided with a washer having a portion is employed. Further, the spring portion employs a bowl-shaped means whose diameter gradually increases from one end to the other end in the axial direction. Further, a means in which a substantially cylindrical pressing portion whose maximum outer diameter is smaller than the maximum outer diameter of the spring portion is integrally provided at one end of the spring portion in the axial direction with the axes thereof aligned with each other. It is. Further, a means is employed in which the outer peripheral surface of the pressing portion is formed as a substantially tapered surface whose diameter gradually increases as the distance from the spring portion increases.

[0010]

The washer according to the present invention employs the above-described means, so that when it is compressed in the axial direction, a repulsive force against the compressive force is generated in the spring portion. When the spring portion is bowl-shaped, when it is compressed in the axial direction, the portion between the small-diameter portion at one end and the large-diameter portion at the other end in the axial direction is curved and deformed in the axial direction. A repulsive force against the compressive force is generated in the portion. Furthermore, when a substantially cylindrical pressing portion whose maximum outer diameter is smaller than the maximum outer diameter of the spring portion is provided at one end in the axial direction of the spring portion, the spring portion is compressed in the axial direction via the pressing portion. Then, the portion between the small-diameter portion at one end in the axial direction of the spring portion and the large-diameter portion at the other end is accordingly bent and deformed in the axial direction, and a repulsive force against the compressive force is generated in the spring portion. Further, when the outer peripheral surface of the pressing portion is formed as a substantially tapered surface that gradually increases in diameter as it goes away from the spring portion,
The load per unit area on the small diameter portion side of the pressing portion is larger than that on the large diameter portion side.

[0011] In the screw fastener according to the present invention, by tightening the nut to the bolt, the screw fastener is inserted between at least one of between the head of the bolt and the workpiece and / or between the nut and the workpiece. The spring portion of the mounted washer is compressed, and a repulsive force against the compression force is generated in the spring portion. When the spring portion is bowl-shaped, when it is compressed in the axial direction, the portion between the small-diameter portion at one end and the large-diameter portion at the other end in the axial direction is curved and deformed in the axial direction. A repulsive force against the compressive force is generated in the portion. Furthermore, when a substantially cylindrical pressing portion whose maximum outer diameter is smaller than the maximum outer diameter of the spring portion is provided at one end in the axial direction of the spring portion, the spring portion is compressed in the axial direction via the pressing portion. Then, the portion between the small-diameter portion at one end in the axial direction of the spring portion and the large-diameter portion at the other end is accordingly bent and deformed in the axial direction, and a repulsive force against the compressive force is generated in the spring portion. Furthermore, when the outer peripheral surface of the pressing portion is formed as a substantially tapered surface that gradually increases in diameter as going away from the spring portion, the load per unit area on the small diameter portion side of the pressing portion is larger than that on the large diameter portion side. Will be.

[0012]

Embodiments of the present invention shown in the drawings will be described below. FIGS. 1 and 2 show an embodiment of a washer according to the present invention. The washer 1 has an annular shape provided with a screw insertion hole 3 passing through a center portion thereof. And a bowl-shaped spring portion 2 whose diameter gradually increases from one end to the other end in the axial direction.

In this case, the inner surface and the outer surface of the spring portion 2 are formed in a predetermined spherical surface, but may be formed in a predetermined tapered surface.

Then, the washer 1 having the above-described structure is provided.
For example, as shown in FIG. 3, when the fasteners 6 are used to fasten the workpieces 5, the head 8 of the bolt 7 inserted between the workpieces 5 and 5 and the workpiece 5 And / or between the nut 9 and the workpiece 5 (in this embodiment, between the nut 9 and the workpiece 5). Tighten the nut 9.

When the nut 9 is tightened to the bolt 7, a tensile force acts on the shaft of the bolt 7, and
A compressive force acts between the five, and it is possible to prevent the screws from becoming loose due to the balance of these forces (pretension).

In this case, the washer 1 interposed between the nut 9 and the workpiece 5 is compressed in the axial direction so that the end between the one end and the other end of the spring portion 2 in the axial direction is compressed. It is bent and deformed in the axial direction, and a repulsive force against the compressive force is generated in the spring portion 2. Therefore, this repulsive force is applied to the screw fastener 6.
Therefore, the pretension increases, and the loosening of the screw can be effectively prevented.

Further, when the nut 9 is tightened to the bolt 7, the tightening torque is adjusted so that the bowl shape of the spring portion 2 of the washer 1 is maintained. Only the large-diameter portion at the other end in the axial direction comes into contact. Therefore, since the load per unit area on the workpiece 5 can be increased, the loosening of the screw can be effectively prevented.

In this embodiment, the washer 1 is interposed between the nut 9 and the object 5. However, the washer 1 is interposed between the head 8 of the bolt 7 and the object 5. The same effect can be obtained even if the nut is interposed both between the nut 9 and the work 5 and between the head 8 of the bolt 7 and the work 5. Is of course obtained. Further, the inner surface of the washer 1 (the surface facing the workpiece 5) may be coated with a resin, and a resin washer may be interposed between the washer 1 and the workpiece 5. Is also good, in which case
The object 5 can be prevented from being damaged.

FIGS. 4 and 5 show a second embodiment of the washer according to the present invention.
Is a spring portion 2 of the washer 1 shown in the first embodiment.
At one end thereof, a cylindrical pressing portion 4 having a maximum outer diameter smaller than the maximum outer diameter of the spring portion 2 is integrally provided in a state where the axes thereof are aligned with each other. This is the same as that shown in the embodiment.

In this embodiment, as in the case of the first embodiment, for example, as shown in FIG. At least one of between the head 8 of the bolt 7 that is used for the body 6 and passes the workpieces 5 and 5 and the workpiece 5 and / or between the nut 9 and the workpiece 5 (this embodiment) In the embodiment, between the nut 9 and the workpiece 5),
When the nut 9 is tightened to the bolt 7, a tensile force acts on the shaft of the bolt 7, and a compressive force acts between the objects 5 to be fastened. This can prevent loosening from occurring.

In this case, the nut 9 and the workpiece 5
The washer 1 interposed between the spring portion 2 is compressed in the axial direction, so that the portion between one end and the other end in the axial direction of the spring portion 2 is bent and deformed in the axial direction, and the spring portion 2 has a compressive force. Will be generated. Therefore, this repulsive force is added to the pretension by the screw fastener 6, so that the pretension increases, and it is possible to effectively prevent the screws from becoming loose.

Further, when the nut 9 is tightened to the bolt 7, the tightening torque is adjusted so that the bowl shape of the spring portion 2 of the washer 1 is maintained. Only the large-diameter portion at the other end in the axial direction comes into contact. Therefore, since the load per unit area on the workpiece 5 can be increased, the loosening of the screw can be effectively prevented.

Further, in this embodiment, the spring portion 2 is compressed via the pressing portion 4, and the pressing portion 4 is formed to have a maximum outer diameter smaller than the maximum outer diameter of the spring portion 2. As a result, the load acting on the pressing portion 4 can be concentrated on the center of the spring portion 2, and the spring portion 2 can be reliably compressed and deformed.

In this embodiment, the washer 1 is interposed between the nut 9 and the object 5. However, the washer 1 is interposed between the head 8 of the bolt 7 and the object 5. The same effect can be obtained even if the nut is interposed both between the nut 9 and the work 5 and between the head 8 of the bolt 7 and the work 5. Is of course obtained. Further, the inner surface of the washer 1 (the surface facing the workpiece 5) may be coated with a resin, and a resin washer may be interposed between the washer 1 and the workpiece 5. In this case, it is possible to prevent the workpiece 5 from being damaged.

FIGS. 7 and 8 show a washer according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
The outer peripheral surface of the pressing portion 4 is formed as a tapered surface that gradually increases in diameter as the distance from the spring portion 2 increases, and the maximum diameter portion of the pressing portion 4 is made substantially the same size as the head 8 of the nut 9 or the bolt 7. The other configuration is the same as that shown in the second embodiment.

In this embodiment, as in the case of the first embodiment, for example, as shown in FIG. 9, for example, as shown in FIG. At least one of between the head 8 of the bolt 7 and the object 5 and / or between the nut 9 and the object 5 (this embodiment) In the embodiment, the bolt 9 is inserted between the nut 9 and the workpiece 5), and the bolt 7 is tightened. A compression force acts, and it is possible to prevent the screws from becoming loose due to the balance of these forces (pretension).

In this case, the nut 9 and the workpiece 5
The washer 1 interposed between the spring portion 2 is compressed in the axial direction, so that the portion between one end and the other end in the axial direction of the spring portion 2 is bent and deformed in the axial direction, and the spring portion 2 has a compressive force. Will be generated. Therefore, this repulsive force is added to the pretension by the screw fastener 6, so that the pretension increases, and it is possible to effectively prevent the screws from becoming loose.

Further, when the nut 9 is tightened to the bolt 7, the tightening torque is adjusted so that the bowl shape of the spring portion 2 is maintained. Only the large diameter portion at the end comes into contact. Therefore, the load per unit area on the workpiece 5 can be increased, which can effectively prevent the screws from being loosened.

Further, in this embodiment, the spring portion 2 is compressed via the pressing portion 4, and the pressing portion 4 is formed to have a maximum outer diameter smaller than the maximum outer diameter of the spring portion 2. As a result, the load acting on the pressing portion 4 can be concentrated on the center of the spring portion 2, and the spring portion 2 can be reliably compressed and deformed. And, by forming the portion of the maximum diameter of the pressing portion 4 to be substantially the same size as the head 9 of the nut 9 or the bolt 7, it is possible to prevent the load from the head 8 of the nut 9 or the bolt 7 from escaping, The load from the head 9 of the nut 9 or the bolt 7 can be reliably transmitted to the center of the spring portion 2, and the spring portion 2 can be reliably compressed and deformed.

In this embodiment, the washer 1 is interposed between the nut 9 and the object 5. However, the washer 1 is interposed between the head 8 of the bolt 7 and the object 5. The same effect can be obtained by interposing between the nut 9 and the workpiece 5 and between the head 8 of the bolt 7 and the workpiece 5. Of course it is. Further, the inner surface of the washer 1 (the surface facing the workpiece 5) may be coated with resin, and a resin washer may be interposed between the washer 1 and the workpiece 5. It is a good thing.
Can be prevented from being damaged.

FIG. 10 shows an embodiment of the screw fastener according to the present invention.
It is used for fixing the lens 20 to a two-point type eyeglass frame 14 composed of a plurality of parts such as a bridge 15, a yoke 17, a temple 19, etc., and includes a set screw 11, a nut 13, and a washer according to the present invention described above. And one.

That is, in order to fix the lens 20 to be fastened to the eyeglass frame 14 to be fastened by the screw fastening body 10, holes 21 for screw insertion are provided at the inner edge and the outer edge of the lens 20, respectively. A resin bush 27 is inserted into each of the holes 21 from the front side and the back side of the lens 20, and the bridge 15 is located between the inner edges on the front side of the lens 20, and the outer edge on the front side of the lens 20. The part 17 is located in the part.

The holes 1 for inserting the screws of the bridge 15
6 is aligned with the screw insertion hole 21 at the inner edge of the lens 20, and the set screw 11 is screwed from the front side of the lens 20 to the screw 16 of the bridge 15 and the screw insertion hole at the inner edge of the lens 20. The nut 13 is fastened through the washer 1 according to the present invention to the set screw 11 protruding from the back side of the lens 20.

Then, a hole 18 for screw insertion of the
And the screw insertion hole 21 at the outer edge of the lens 20 are aligned with each other.
Through the screw insertion hole 18 and the screw insertion hole 21 at the outer edge of the lens 20, and through the washer 1 according to the present invention to the part of the set screw 11 protruding from the back side of the lens 20. Tighten the nut 13 times.

In this manner, the lens 20 can be fixed to the two-point type eyeglass frame 14 by the screw fastener 10 according to the present invention.

In the screw fastening body 10 according to this embodiment configured as described above, the nut 1 is attached to the set screw 11.
When the screw 3 is tightened, a tensile force acts on the shaft portion of the set screw 11, and a compressive force acts between the bridge 15 and the lens 20 and between the yoke 17 and the lens 20, respectively.
By balancing these forces (pretension), loosening of the screw can be prevented.

In this case, the nut 13 and the lens 2
The washer 1 interposed between the spring part 2 and the other end in the axial direction of the spring part 2 is bent and deformed in the axial direction by being compressed in the axial direction. A repulsion to the force will occur. Therefore, since this repulsive force is added to the pretension by the spring fastening body 10, the pretension increases, and it is possible to effectively prevent the screw from becoming loose.

Further, when the nut 13 is tightened to the set screw 11, the tightening torque is adjusted so that the bowl shape of the spring portion 2 is maintained. Only the large diameter portion at the other end of the spring portion 2 comes into contact. Therefore,
Since the load per unit area on the lens 20 can be increased, it is possible to effectively prevent the screw from being loosened. In this case, since the washer 1 comes into contact with the lens 20 via the flange of the bush 27, the lens 20 is not damaged.

Further, in this embodiment, the spring portion 2 is compressed via the pressing portion 4, and the pressing portion 4 is formed to have a maximum outer diameter smaller than the maximum outer diameter of the spring portion 2. As a result, the load acting on the pressing portion 4 can be concentrated on the center of the spring portion 2, and the spring portion 2 can be reliably compressed and deformed. Since the maximum diameter portion of the pressing portion 4 is formed to have substantially the same size as the head 13 of the nut 13 or the set screw 11, the load from the head 12 of the nut 13 or the set screw 11 is prevented from escaping. As a result, the load from the head 13 of the nut 13 or the set screw 11 can be reliably transmitted to the center of the spring portion 2, and the spring portion 2 can be reliably compressed and deformed.

In this embodiment, the washer 1 is interposed between the nut 13 and the lens 20.
The same effect can be obtained by interposing between the head 12 of the set screw 11 and the bridge 15 and between the head 12 of the set screw 11 and the spigot 17. Between the head 12 of the set screw 11 and the bridge 1
The same effect can of course be obtained by interposing the screw between the head screw 5 and the head screw 12 of the set screw 11 and the spigot 17. Further, the inner surface of the washer 1 (the lens 2
0 may be coated with a resin, and a resin-made annular washer may be interposed between the washer 1 and the lens 20. Even if the bush is used, the lens 20 can be prevented from being damaged.

Further, in the above description, the washer 1 according to the third embodiment of the present invention is used, but the washer 1 according to the first and second embodiments may be used. Needless to say, the same effect can be obtained.

Further, in the above description, the washer 1 according to the present invention is used for fixing the lens 20 to the bridge 15 and for fixing the lens 20 to the yoke 17, but the connecting portion between the yoke 17 and the temple 19 is used. It may be used for.

Further, in the above description, the two-point type eyeglass frame 14 is targeted. However, each connecting portion of the full rim type eyeglass frame (the fastening portion of the frame for holding the outer peripheral edge of the lens, etc.) The screw fastening body 10 according to the present invention may be used, and may be used not only for the eyeglass frame but also for a connection part of other parts, members, structures, and the like. Needless to say, the effect of (1) is obtained.

[0044]

The washer according to the present invention is constructed as described above. For example, when the washer is used to fasten objects to be fastened with a screw fastening body, the nut is fastened to the set screw by tightening a nut. When the spring portion is compressed in the direction, the portion between the one end and the other end in the axial direction of the spring portion is curved and deformed in the axial direction, and a repulsive force against the compressive force is generated in the spring portion. Therefore, since this repulsive force is added to the pretension by the screw fastening body, the pretension increases, and it is possible to effectively prevent the screw from becoming loose. In addition, when tightening the nut to the set screw, by adjusting the tightening torque so that the bowl shape of the spring portion of the washer is maintained, the object to be fastened has a large diameter at the other end in the axial direction of the spring portion of the washer. Only the parts will come into contact. Therefore, the load per unit area on the object to be fastened can be increased, which can effectively prevent the screws from being loosened.
Furthermore, since the load can be concentrated on the center portion of the spring portion due to the presence of the pressing portion, the spring portion can be reliably bent and deformed, and the spring portion can reliably generate a repulsive force against a compressive force. become.

Further, since the screw fastener according to the present invention is configured as described above, when it is used to fix a lens to a two-point type eyeglass frame, for example, the space between the eyeglass frame and the lens is increased. When the washer is compressed in the axial direction by tightening the nut to the inserted set screw, the portion between the one end and the other end of the spring portion in the axial direction is bent and deformed in the axial direction, and the spring portion has a repulsive force against a compressive force. Will occur. Therefore, since this repulsive force is added to the pretension by the screw fastening body, the pretension increases, so that it is possible to effectively prevent the screw from being loosened, and to cause rattling of the lens. Can be effectively prevented. Also, when tightening the nut to the set screw, by adjusting the tightening torque so that the bowl shape of the spring portion of the washer is maintained, the lens has only the large-diameter portion at the other axial end of the spring portion of the washer. Will come into contact. Accordingly, since the load per unit area on the lens can be increased, the loosening of the screw can be effectively prevented, and the rattling of the lens can be effectively prevented. Furthermore, since the load can be concentrated on the center portion of the spring portion due to the presence of the pressing portion, the spring portion can be reliably bent and deformed, and the spring portion can reliably generate a repulsive force against a compressive force. become.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a first embodiment of a washer according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing a use state of the one shown in FIGS. 1 and 2;

FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a washer according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line BB of FIG.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing a use state of the one shown in FIGS. 4 and 5;

FIG. 7 is a plan view showing a washer according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a sectional view taken along line CC of FIG.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing a use state of the one shown in FIGS. 7 and 8;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view showing an embodiment of the screw fastener according to the present invention, and is a partial explanatory view showing a use state.

FIG. 11 is a schematic view showing an example of a conventional screw fastener, and is a partial explanatory view showing a use state.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1, 26 ... washer 2 ... spring part 3, 16, 18, 21 ... hole for screw insertion 4 ... pressing part 5 ... fastening object 6, 10, 22 ... screw fastening body 7 ... bolt 8, 12 ... Head 9, 13, 25 ... Nut 11, 23 ... Set screw 14, 28 ... Glasses frame 15, 29 ... Bridge 17, 30 ... Yoroi 19 ... Temple 20, 32 ... Lens 27 ... Bush

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. A washer having a spring portion that, when compressed in an axial direction, generates a repulsive force against the compressive force. 2. The washer according to claim 1, wherein the spring portion has a bowl shape whose diameter gradually increases from one end to the other end in the axial direction. 3. A substantially cylindrical pressing portion having a maximum outer diameter smaller than a maximum outer diameter of the spring portion is provided integrally with one end of the spring portion in the axial direction so that the axes are aligned. The washer according to 2. 4. The washer according to claim 2, wherein the outer peripheral surface of the pressing portion is formed as a substantially tapered surface whose diameter gradually increases as the distance from the spring portion increases. 5. A screw fastener comprising a bolt for inserting an object to be fastened and a nut to be fastened to the bolt, between a head of the bolt and the object and / or between the nut and the object to be fastened. A screw fastener, wherein a washer having a spring portion that generates a repulsive force against the compressive force when compressed in the axial direction is interposed in at least one of the fasteners. 6. The screw fastener according to claim 5, wherein the spring portion has a bowl shape whose diameter gradually increases from one end to the other end in the axial direction. 7. A substantially cylindrical pressing portion having a maximum outer diameter smaller than a maximum outer diameter of the spring portion is provided integrally with one end of the spring portion in the axial direction so that the axes are aligned. 7. The screw fastener according to 6. 8. The screw fastener according to claim 6, wherein an outer peripheral surface of the pressing portion is formed as a substantially tapered surface whose diameter gradually increases as the distance from the spring portion increases.