JP2002370515A - Suspension device - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Problem] To make it possible to suppress pitching and rolling by utilizing a spring force, and to realize this by a simple and low-cost configuration. SOLUTION: A pair of front and rear or left and right first and second dampers C and D provided between a pair of opposed wheels and a vehicle body.
And first and second telescopically attached to each of the dampers C and D.
Hydraulic jacks J1, J2 and each hydraulic jack J1, J2
1st, 2nd suspension spring 11 interposed between 2 and the vehicle body
a, 11b and the oil chambers 9, 1 of the hydraulic jacks J1, J2.
The first and second hydraulic jacks J1 and J2 are configured so that when one contracts, the other extends. Constitute.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a suspension device for a motorcycle, a four-wheeled vehicle, and the like, and more particularly to a suspension device suitable for suppressing pitching and rolling to improve riding comfort.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a suspension apparatus for controlling a vehicle body posture of a four-wheeled vehicle, a suspension apparatus that has conventionally used a stabilizer,
Alternatively, a device using a shock absorber has been developed.

[0003] Of these, the most common method of suppressing the roll of the vehicle body is to use a stabilizer. In this case, both ends are held near the left and right wheels.
The vertical change of the left wheel and the right wheel is replaced by torsion of the rod, and the roll is suppressed by the torsion force.

Similarly, as a control technique for suppressing the roll, there are air shock type that controls a damping force of a shock absorber standing on a trailing arm or the like near the left wheel and the right wheel, or controls a force including a spring element. There are so-called semi-active systems and active systems that use shock absorbers and hydropneumatic shock absorbers.

A suspension device using a stabilizer does not act on the in-phase differential of vibration, and is a mechanism suitable for roll prevention. Further, since this stabilizer is an integral shaft generally formed into a U-shape, There is an advantage that the structure is simple and economical.

[0006]

However, in such a conventional suspension device using a stabilizer, torsion occurs at positions other than the same position, and this torsional force is added to the suspension spring characteristics. In order to ensure a proper riding feeling, it is necessary to reduce the influence of the stabilizer, and conversely, the level of suppressing the roll must be reduced.

Further, it is difficult to adopt the same shaft configuration as that of roll suppression for the pitching due to the structure of the vehicle, and there is a problem that pitching control using a stabilizer has not been realized.

On the other hand, semi-active systems and active systems using air shock type shock absorbers and hydropneumatic shock absorbers are:
Although roll and pitching suppression control is possible, the equipment that constitutes the system includes, for example, a controller for control, a sensor that detects the posture of the vehicle body, a power source that generates force, and a shock that acts as an actuator that applies force. Requires an absorber, resulting in a complex structure,
It is necessary to secure a mounting space for each member, and the assembling property is poor, which is economically disadvantageous.

[0009] For this reason, there is a problem that vehicles using this system are only expensive vehicles and are not suitable for application to popular type vehicles.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is not to suppress pitching and rolling by damping force control but to suppress pitching and rolling by using a spring force, and a suspension that can be realized by a simple and low-cost configuration. It is to provide a device.

[0011]

To achieve the above object, a suspension device according to the present invention comprises a pair of front and rear or left and right first and second wheels provided between a pair of opposed wheels and a vehicle body. , First and second hydraulic jacks attached to each damper so as to be extendable and contractible, first and second suspension springs interposed between each hydraulic jack and the vehicle body, and an oil chamber of each hydraulic jack The first and second hydraulic jacks are configured so that when one contracts, the other extends. Is what you do.

In this case, the pair of opposed wheels may be one of the front wheels and one of the rear wheels, the left and right wheels of the front wheels, or the left and right wheels of the rear wheels.

Similarly, the first hydraulic jack has a first oil chamber which contracts by a load from the vehicle body, and the second hydraulic jack has a second oil chamber which expands by the urging force of a second suspension spring. And the first and second oil chambers may be communicated with each other by an oil path.

Further, the first hydraulic jack has a first cylinder provided on the damper cylinder, and a first cylinder which is vertically inserted into the first cylinder and carries a first suspension spring.
, A first oil chamber defined by the first cylinder and the first spring receiver, and a first return disposed in the first oil chamber so as to face the first suspension spring. The second hydraulic jack is composed of an annular partition member provided on the outer periphery of the damper cylinder, a second cylinder slidingly contacting the outer periphery of the partition member up and down, and a partition member and the second cylinder. A second oil chamber defined, a second spring receiver abutting on an upper end of the second cylinder and carrying a second suspension spring, and a second spring receiver between the partition member and the second spring receiver. You may comprise a suspension spring and the 2nd return spring arrange | positioned facing.

[0015]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram in which the suspension device of the present invention is applied to, for example, a motorcycle. The suspension device is a first device having a pair of suspension springs interposed between a front wheel and a rear wheel and a vehicle body.
And a second suspension device B.

The first suspension device A and the second suspension device B have basically the same configuration, and a first damper having piston rods 2a and 2b provided for the cylinders 1a and 1b, respectively, so as to freely move in and out. C and a second damper D.

The first and second dampers C and D
Are the cylinders 1a and 1b and these cylinders 1
In addition to the piston rods 2a and 2b movably inserted into the pistons 1a and 1b via pistons, two upper and lower oil chambers defined by the pistons in the cylinders 1a and 1b, and two oil chambers provided in the pistons, And a damping force generating mechanism for opening and closing the chamber.

These cylinders 1a, 1b have brackets (joints) 3a, 3b integrally at the lower ends, and are respectively mounted on the respective axle sides of the front wheels and the rear wheels.

At the upper end of each piston rod 2a, 2b,
Brackets 5a, 5b are integrally mounted via mounting plates 4a, 4b.
Is mounted on the vehicle body side.

The mounting plates 4a and 4b are, for example, disk-shaped, and ring-shaped rod-side spring receivers 6a and 6b having a flange are mounted around them.

A cylindrical movable spring receiver 7 as a first spring receiver is slidably provided on the outer circumference of one cylinder 1a in the axial direction. Is fixed to a bottomed cylindrical member 8, which is a first cylinder that opens upward.

The cylindrical portion 7a of the cylinder-side movable spring receiver 7 is fitted in the bottomed cylindrical member 8 so that it can freely move in and out, and is tightly fitted.
A first oil chamber 9 is formed between the first oil chamber 9 and the bottomed cylindrical member 8.

In the first oil chamber 9, a coil-shaped first return spring 10 for constantly urging the cylinder-side movable spring receiver 7 upward, that is, in a direction to expand the oil chamber 9, is housed. Have been.

The cylinder-side movable spring receiver 7,
Bottomed cylindrical member 8, first oil chamber 9, and first return spring 1
0 constitutes a first hydraulic jack J1.

A coil-shaped first suspension spring 11a is interposed between the rod-side spring receiver 6a and the cylinder-side movable spring receiver 7, and the coil-shaped first suspension spring 11a always lowers the cylinder-side movable spring receiver 7 downward. It is energizing.

The spring force of the first suspension spring 11a and the spring force of the first return spring 10 act in series.

On the outer periphery of the other cylinder 1b, a ring-shaped cylinder-side movable spring receiver 12 is mounted slidably in the axial direction as a second spring receiver. It is connected to the upper end of the opening of a bottomed cylindrical member 13 which is a second cylinder attached to the outer periphery of the lower end of the cylinder 1b so as to be slidable in the axial direction so as to close it.

The inner peripheral surface of the bottomed cylindrical member 13 is in close contact with the outer peripheral surface of a ring-shaped partition member 14 protruding from the outer periphery of the cylinder 1b in a slidable state. The partition member 14 divides a space defined by the cylinder-side movable spring receiver 12 and the bottomed cylindrical member 13 into a spring chamber 15 and a first oil chamber 16.

The second return spring 1 is provided in the spring chamber 15.
7, which constantly urges the cylinder-side movable spring receiver 12 and the bottomed cylindrical member 13 in the direction in which the second oil chamber 16 contracts.

The cylinder-side movable spring receiver 12, the bottomed cylindrical member 13, the partition member 14, the second oil chamber 16 and the second return spring 17 constitute a second hydraulic jack J2.

A coil-shaped second suspension spring 11b is interposed between the rod-side spring receiver 6b and the cylinder-side movable spring receiver 12, and the coil-shaped second suspension spring 11b always lowers the cylinder-side movable spring receiver 12, ie, The oil chamber 16 is urged in the expanding direction.

The spring force of the second suspension spring 11b and the spring force of the second return spring 17 act in series.

Further, an oil passage 18 communicating with the first and second oil chambers 9 and 16 is connected to the bottomed cylindrical members 8 and 13.

A throttle valve 19 is connected in the middle of the oil passage 18 as throttle means for reducing the flow of hydraulic oil.

The throttle valve 19 acts in response to a high vibration input frequency from a sprung body serving as a vehicle body so as to prevent the flow of the hydraulic oil flowing through the oil passage 18 so as to provide a comfortable ride during normal running. It works to guarantee comfort.

It is optional that the throttle means is a simple throttle passage.

Next, the operation will be described. The suspension device of the present invention does not suppress the vibration against the input from the road surface, but suppresses, for example, pitching on a spring during braking or sudden start. .

Accordingly, the flow of the hydraulic oil in the oil passage 18 in response to the high-frequency input vibration inputted from the road surface during the normal traveling is prevented, and the stabilization on the spring and the maintenance of the riding comfort by the spring are achieved. The flow of hydraulic oil in the oil passage 18 is promoted in a low-frequency vibration region corresponding to the natural vibration of pitching, thereby suppressing pitching and improving riding comfort.

During normal traveling, the front and rear of the vehicle body operate in the same phase in the sprung natural vibration frequency range. For example, when the front of the vehicle body is going to go down, the front-wheel-side piston rod 2a is lowered, and the first The movable spring receiver 7 on the cylinder side also descends via the suspension spring 11a of the first hydraulic jack J1. Therefore, the first oil chamber 9 constituting the first hydraulic jack J1 contracts, and the hydraulic oil inside the first hydraulic jack J1 is discharged to the second hydraulic jack J1 on the rear wheel side. 2nd hydraulic jack J2
Into the oil chamber 16 through the throttle valve 19 and the oil passage 18.

Therefore, the second oil chamber 16 expands,
As a result, the bottomed cylindrical member 13 and the cylinder-side movable spring receiver 12 descend together with the second suspension spring 11b, and the rear part of the vehicle body also descends in the same phase.

Subsequently, when the front of the vehicle body is going to go up,
The flow of the hydraulic oil flows smoothly in the opposite direction to the above, the pressure rise between the oil chambers 9 and 16 is suppressed as a whole, and the front and rear of the vehicle body operate in the same phase.

On the other hand, when the brake is applied to stop the vehicle, the first suspension device A on the front wheel side largely contracts, and the first oil chamber 9 of the first hydraulic jack J1 also contracts.

For this reason, the hydraulic oil in the first oil chamber 9 is supplied to the second hydraulic jack J on the side of the second suspension device B on the rear wheel side.
2 flows into the second oil chamber 16 via the oil passage 18.

As a result, the bottomed cylindrical member 13 and the cylinder-side movable spring receiver 12 descend, and the second suspension spring 11b
The length of the set becomes longer, the preload is reduced, and the rear height is reduced.

Therefore, it is possible to prevent only the front part of the vehicle body from sinking during braking of the vehicle, and to suppress the leaning of the vehicle body.

In some cases, the rear wheel side sinks when the vehicle starts moving. In this case, the second suspension device B on the rear wheel side contracts, and the cylinder-side movable spring of the second hydraulic jack J2 is moved. The receiver 12 and the bottomed cylindrical member 13 descend.

As a result, the second oil chamber 16 expands, and the internal oil pressure greatly changes in the negative pressure direction.

Accordingly, the first hydraulic chamber 9 of the first hydraulic jack J1 on the side of the first suspension device A is connected to the oil passage 18
Hydraulic oil is drawn into the second oil chamber 16 through.

As a result, the hydraulic pressure in the first oil chamber 9 decreases, the front part of the vehicle body also lowers via the first suspension spring 11a, and a large inclination of the vehicle body is suppressed.

In the above operation, the first return spring 10 and the second return spring 17 are connected to the first suspension spring 11
a and the second suspension spring 11b function as a suspension spring. Basically, the hydraulic jacks J1 and J2 are set at predetermined positions (set lengths), that is, control amounts such as the pitching are set. The main role is that.

The first suspension device A
Can be applied to a front fork in which the suspension spring 11a is built in the cylinder 1a.

FIG. 2 shows each of the suspension devices A,
FIG. 3B conceptually shows a case where B is applied to a four-wheeled vehicle. In this example, the first suspension device A is disposed on the left and right front wheels 20 and 21, respectively, and the first suspension device A is disposed on the left and right rear wheels 22 and 23. 2 suspension devices B are arranged.

The oil chambers 9 and 16 constituting the first hydraulic jack J1 of the first suspension device A and the second hydraulic jack J2 of the second suspension device B before and after the throttle valve are provided with throttle valves. It is connected by an oil passage 18 via 19.

Thus, the ride comfort of the four-wheeled vehicle can be improved while the above-described pitching suppressing function is sufficiently operated individually on the left and right sides of the vehicle body.

In the above description, the case where pitching is suppressed using the first suspension device A and the second suspension device B has been described. However, the present invention is also applied to the case where rolling of a four-wheeled vehicle is suppressed. Can be.

FIG. 3 conceptually shows a suspension device capable of suppressing this rolling. In this case,
The first suspension device A is disposed on the left and right wheels 20 and 22 side of the front and rear of the vehicle body, and the second suspension device B is disposed on the right wheels 21 and 23 respectively.

Then, the first hydraulic jack J on the right wheel side, ie, on the first suspension device A side, in front and rear of the vehicle body.
1 and a second hydraulic jack J2 on the left wheel side in front and rear of the vehicle body, that is, on the second suspension device B side, are connected through an oil passage 18 via a throttle valve 19.

By adopting such a configuration, even when the vehicle body is going to roll left and right while traveling,
The first hydraulic jack J1 on the first suspension device A side and the second hydraulic jack J1 on the second suspension device B side
The hydraulic jack J2 operates to expand and contract in the same manner as in the case of pitching, so that the occurrence of rolling can be suppressed before and after the vehicle body.

FIG. 4 shows still another embodiment of the present invention. As in the case of FIG. 2, the first suspension device A is arranged on the front left wheel 20 and right wheel 21 side, and The second suspension device B is disposed on the left wheel 22 and right wheel 23 sides.

Here, the first hydraulic jack J1 of the first suspension device A on the left wheel 20 side and the right wheel 23
The second hydraulic jack J2 of the second suspension device B on the right side is connected by an oil passage 18 via a throttle valve 19, and the first suspension device A of the first suspension device A on the right wheel 21 side.
The hydraulic jack J1 is connected to the second hydraulic jack J2 of the second suspension device B on the left wheel 22 side by an oil passage 18 via a throttle valve 19.

In this embodiment, the same hydraulic oil flow between the first hydraulic jack J1 and the second hydraulic jack J2 located on the diagonal line of the four-wheeled vehicle allows the pitching as described above. The sprung vibration in the direction and the rolling direction can be suppressed at the same time.

[0062]

As described above, according to the present invention, a pair of front and rear or left and right first and second dampers provided between a pair of opposed wheels and the vehicle body, and each of the dampers can be extended and contracted. First and second hydraulic jacks mounted, first and second suspension springs interposed between the respective hydraulic jacks and the vehicle body, oil passages communicating oil chambers of the respective hydraulic jacks, and oil passages The first and second hydraulic jacks are configured such that when one contracts, the other expands, so that one of the front wheel side and the rear wheel side, the left wheel side and the right One of the wheel sides can suppress the force of ascending or descending with respect to the other, thereby smoothly suppressing the inclination of the vehicle body at the time of starting the vehicle, braking, or cornering, thereby enabling the vehicle to ride. Comfort can be improved.

Further, since the pair of opposed wheels is one of the front wheel side and one of the rear wheel side, the left and right wheel of the front wheel side, or the left and right wheel of the rear wheel, pitching generated in the front-rear direction or the left-right direction of the vehicle body. And rolling can be effectively suppressed on the front and rear or left and right wheel sides.

According to the present invention, the first hydraulic jack has the first oil chamber which contracts by a load from the vehicle body, and the second hydraulic jack expands by the urging force of the second suspension spring. The first and second oil chambers are communicated with each other by an oil passage, so that the pitching and rolling can be performed by using a reversely arranged hydraulic jack having a relatively simple configuration. The effect is obtained that the suppression can be realized at low cost.

Further, according to the present invention, the first hydraulic jack comprises a first cylinder provided on the damper cylinder,
A first spring receiver, which is inserted into a vertical cylinder and carries a first suspension spring, and a first cylinder and a first cylinder.
And a first return spring disposed in the first oil chamber so as to face the first suspension spring, and the second hydraulic jack is provided with a damper. An annular partition member provided on the outer periphery of the cylinder, a second cylinder slidably contacting the outer periphery of the partition member up and down, a second oil chamber defined by the partition member and the second cylinder, A second spring bearing which bears the second suspension spring in contact with the upper end of the twelfth cylinder, and a second spring disposed between the partition member and the second spring receiver in opposition to the second suspension spring. Since it is composed of a return spring, when one of the hydraulic jacks contracts, a function of extending the other can be realized, and by this control of raising and lowering the vehicle body, a large inclination of the vehicle body due to pitching and rolling can be reliably suppressed. .

By adopting the above-described configuration, even when the vehicle height on the rear wheel side decreases due to loading of luggage, the inclination of the vehicle body can be suppressed by the vehicle height reduction on the front wheel side.
Therefore, running stability is not impaired, and the headlight can be prevented from abnormally turning upward, so that light irradiation to the driver of the oncoming vehicle can be avoided.

Further, on a road surface with little unevenness or a undulating road surface, the sprung mass vibrates in the same phase at a low frequency, so that the flow of the hydraulic oil in the oil passage is smooth, and a soft ride comfort is obtained.

Further, when the displacement of the hydraulic jack is suppressed, the combined spring constant of each suspension spring and each return spring becomes a large spring constant of only the suspension spring. While soft,
Suspension characteristics with a sense of support are obtained for large inputs.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram conceptually showing a suspension device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing an application example of a suspension device according to the present invention to a four-wheeled vehicle.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing an application example of a suspension device according to the present invention to a four-wheeled vehicle.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing an application example of a suspension device according to the present invention to a four-wheeled vehicle.

[Explanation of symbols]

 A first suspension device B second suspension device C first damper D second damper J1 first hydraulic jack (hydraulic jack) J2 second hydraulic jack (hydraulic jack) 7 cylinder-side movable spring support (second 1 spring receiver) 8 bottomed cylindrical member (first cylinder) 9 first oil chamber 10 first return spring 11a first suspension spring 11b second suspension spring 12 cylinder-side movable spring receiver (second 13) cylindrical member with bottom (second cylinder) 14 partition member 16 second oil chamber 17 second return spring 18 oil passage 19 throttle valve (throttle means) 20, 21 front wheel 22, 23 rear wheel

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A pair of front and rear or left and right first and second dampers provided between a pair of opposed wheels and a vehicle body, and first and second hydraulic jacks attached to each of the dampers so as to extend and contract. And first and second suspension springs interposed between the hydraulic jacks and the vehicle body, an oil passage communicating the oil chambers of the hydraulic jacks, and a throttle means provided in the middle of the oil passage. The suspension device according to claim 1, wherein one of the first and second hydraulic jacks is configured to expand when one contracts. 2. The suspension device according to claim 1, wherein the pair of opposed wheels is one of a front wheel side and one of a rear wheel side, a front left and right wheel, or a rear left and right wheel. 3. The first hydraulic jack has a first oil chamber that contracts by a load from the vehicle body, and the second hydraulic jack expands by a biasing force of a second suspension spring. The suspension device according to claim 1, wherein the first and second oil chambers communicate with each other via an oil path. 4. A first hydraulic jack comprising: a first cylinder provided on a damper cylinder; a first spring receiver which is vertically inserted into the first cylinder and carries a first suspension spring; A first oil chamber defined by a first cylinder and a first spring receiver, and a first return spring disposed in the first oil chamber so as to face the first suspension spring; The second hydraulic jack includes an annular partition member provided on the outer periphery of the damper cylinder, a second cylinder slidably contacting the outer periphery of the partition member up and down, and a second cylinder defined by the partition member and the second cylinder. A second oil chamber, a second spring receiver that contacts the upper end of the second cylinder and carries the second suspension spring, and faces the second suspension spring between the partition member and the second spring receiver. The second arranged
4. The suspension device according to claim 1, wherein the suspension device comprises a return spring.