JP2002234791A - Method and device for generating gas - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a gas generator which is free from ignition delay and exhibits excellent combustion performance, and to provide a method of generating a gas. SOLUTION: The method of generating the gas comprises combusting a gas generating agent containing fuel components and an oxidant under such a condition that the atmosphere surrounding the gas generating agent contains gaseous oxygen in a concentration higher than that of the oxygen contained in air at normal pressure and normal temperature. The gas generator is suitably used for generating the gas according to the method above.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a gas generating method and a gas generator used for operating an air bag or the like of an automobile.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art An airbag is known as one of safety devices for protecting an occupant from an impact generated at the time of an automobile collision. This air bag operates with a large amount of high-temperature, high-pressure gas generated by a gas generator. Conventionally,
There are generally known two types of systems in which this gas generator generates gas. One is a pyro method in which all generated gas is generated by combustion of a solid gas generating composition, and the other is a chamber in which a high-pressure gas is held, and a method for supplying heat to the high-pressure gas. Is a hybrid system in which gas is generated from a small amount of explosive composition. The time required for the airbag to be deployed after the airbag starts to operate is about 30 to 60 ms. Even a slight delay in the operation of the gas generator has a large effect, and sufficient performance cannot be exhibited. When the ignitability of the gas generant composition is low, even if the igniter in the gas generator ignites, the time required for the gas generant composition to ignite becomes longer, resulting in a delay in ignition of the gas generator composition . By increasing the amount of transfer agent in the gas generator, the ignition delay can be expected to be improved to some extent.However, the increase in the amount of ignition agent increases the total heat generation of the gas generator itself. The weight of the filter member increases and the gas generator becomes larger.

[0003]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a gas generator and a gas generating method which have no ignition delay and good combustion performance.

[0004]

Means for Solving the Problems The present inventors have conducted intensive studies to solve the above-mentioned problems, and as a result, by burning a gas generating agent in a state in which the amount of gaseous oxygen is larger than that of air at normal temperature and normal pressure, the gas generation rate is reduced. It has been found that there is no delay in the operation of the generator and that the combustibility is good, and the present invention has been completed. That is, the present invention provides (1) a method of generating gas by burning a gas generating agent containing a fuel component and an oxidizing agent, wherein the gas around the gas generating agent is more gaseous than air at normal temperature and normal pressure. (2) A gas generator filled with a gas generating agent containing a fuel component and an oxidizing agent component, wherein a gas around the gas generating agent is at room temperature and normal pressure. A gas generator characterized by having more gaseous oxygen than air.

[0005]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

[0006] The gas generating method and the gas generator according to the present invention include:
It is characterized in that a gas generating agent containing a fuel component and an oxidizing agent is burned in an atmosphere in which the amount of gaseous oxygen (mol / l) is larger than that of air at normal temperature and normal pressure.
From the initial state of operation of the gas generator, the gas generant exhibits a sufficient burning rate. Therefore, the time conventionally required to generate sufficient gas is greatly reduced.
Further, when an oxidizing agent having a hydrogen atom in a molecule is used as the oxidizing agent, the amount of the oxidizing agent can be reduced. As a result, H ₂ O gas in the generated gas can be reduced, and the temperature of the gas generator can be reduced. The difference in airbag deployment performance due to the difference can be reduced.

The gas generator used in the gas generator of the present invention and the gas generating method of the present invention (hereinafter simply referred to as the gas generator of the present invention) comprises a rigid housing made of metal, resin, or the like. A general gas generator having one or more chambers therein can be used, and a gas generating agent housed in a chamber in the housing (hereinafter, the gas generating agent is In general, in a gas generator, a chamber in which a filter is stored is referred to as a filter chamber, and a chamber in which an enhancer is stored is referred to as an enhancer chamber. If the chambers communicate with these chambers without being sealed,
In this specification, a chamber in which the gas generating agent is sealed from the outside of the gas generator is referred to as a combustion chamber without distinction. ) Is prepared such that the amount of gaseous oxygen is greater than that of air at room temperature and pressure. Further, since the gas generator of the present invention contains gaseous oxygen in an amount larger than the amount of oxygen at normal temperature and normal pressure, the gas generator has at least one combustion chamber with high sealing performance. Preferably, the gas generating agent is hermetically sealed and held. The gas generator is equipped with an igniter that ignites in response to a signal from the sensor.
And, as a method of igniting the gas generating agent, as a first method, a seal portion is broken by a flame of an igniter to ignite and burn the internal gas generating agent, and as a second method, a method in a combustion chamber is performed. There is a method in which an igniter is arranged, and after the igniter ignites and ignites the gas generating agent, the seal portion is broken by an increase in the pressure inside the combustion chamber. Further, the gas generator has an orifice whose opening area is adjusted for the purpose of adjusting the outflow amount of gas generated in the combustion chamber. The orifice
It may be arranged inside the combustion chamber, or may be arranged in another outside chamber.

As a method for preparing the gas around the gas generating agent so that the amount of gaseous oxygen is larger than that of air at normal temperature and normal pressure,
For example, the amount of gaseous oxygen in the gas in the combustion chamber is larger than that in air at normal temperature and pressure. Specifically, a method of filling the combustion chamber with gaseous oxygen, a method of filling the combustion chamber with oxygen-enriched air, a method of pressurizing and filling the combustion chamber with air,
A method of pressurizing and filling the combustion chamber with air having an increased oxygen concentration,
A method of pressurizing and filling gaseous oxygen into the combustion chamber, a method of pressurizing and filling a mixture of gaseous oxygen and an inert gas into the combustion chamber, and placing a substance that releases oxygen in the combustion chamber, sealing the combustion chamber, and then introducing oxygen into the combustion chamber. And the like. The amount of gaseous oxygen in the combustion chamber may be larger than that of air at normal temperature and normal pressure, and the oxygen concentration may be the same as that of air at normal temperature and normal pressure.
It is good to adjust it to be at least mol / l, more preferably at least 0.2 mol / l. Further, if the amount of oxygen is increased, as described later, the amount of the oxidizing agent in the gas generating agent can be reduced, and the amount of the gas generating agent can be reduced.

Although the pressure in the combustion chamber may be normal pressure, setting the pressure higher than the normal pressure will result in a state in which the gas generating agent is pressurized from the initial state, and the ignitability and combustibility will be better. It is preferable from the point of view. Ignition by pressurizing
The reasons for the improved flammability are as follows.

[0010] It is known that the explosive composition generally used as a gas-generating component changes its burning rate with respect to the atmospheric pressure. That is, V = aPn (Vieille equation) V: Burning speed a: Index depending on composition and temperature P: Atmospheric pressure n: Pressure index Here, it can be seen that the higher the atmospheric pressure, the higher the combustion speed. In a conventional gas generator, the pressure is maintained at almost a pressure close to the atmospheric pressure, and in order for the solid gas generating component to reach a sufficient burning rate, using a transfer charge,
The room was under high temperature and high pressure.

As described above, the amount of oxygen in the gas in the combustion chamber is larger than the amount of oxygen in air at normal temperature and normal pressure, but its composition / composition ratio is not particularly limited.
It may have the same composition / composition ratio as air, 100% oxygen
May be the composition / composition ratio. Further, the gas in the combustion chamber can be filled with an extra gas in addition to oxygen and air. As the extra gas, a highly active gas such as nitrous acid gas or halogen gas may be used depending on the properties of the gas generating agent. However, an inert gas which does not participate in the combustion reaction of the gas generating agent is preferable. And argon.

When the combustion chamber is filled with an inert gas such as nitrogen or argon, the inert gas increases the amount of generated gas, and the volume of the combustion chamber can be reduced because the solid component can be reduced. As a result, it is possible to further reduce the size of the gas generator. The amount of nitrogen or argon used as the inert gas is preferably less than twice the amount of oxygen, and more preferably less than oxygen.

In the present invention, helium can also be used as an extra gas. Helium is an inert gas like argon and does not participate in the combustion of the gas generating agent, but contributes to the amount of gas generated from the gas generator. When helium is used, it is possible to easily and accurately check whether there is any leakage in the combustion chamber filled with gaseous oxygen or the like by measuring the amount of leakage of helium. This can be useful for conducting gas generator inspections in various situations such as mounting. When helium is used to measure the amount of leakage from such a combustion chamber, the amount of helium used may be the minimum amount required for measuring the amount of leakage, for example, 0.1 mol% or more, preferably, in a gas in the combustion chamber. Is 0.5-2mo
1%.

The total pressure of the extra gas such as oxygen, air and argon filled in the combustion chamber is determined by the gap volume and the filling amount of the combustion chamber, and is not particularly limited. The total pressure when the pressure is applied to further improve the property is preferably 20.0 MPa or less, more preferably 10.0 MPa or less. In order to hold the gas in the gas generator at a pressure exceeding 20.0 MPa, in particular, in terms of the sealing property, it is necessary to carefully design the members of the gas generator and processing techniques, thereby increasing the cost. . In addition, when the service life of the gas generator is taken into consideration, the pressurized gas may escape and may not exhibit sufficient performance. In the conventional hybrid gas generator, most of the gas amount (the number of moles of gas) required to deploy the air bag is supplied from the gas in the pressurized chamber. .
It is pressurized to a pressure of 0 to 40.0 MPa. Since the gas generator of the present invention is filled with a relatively low-pressure gas, the cost relating to the sealing property is low and the reliability is high.

Next, the gas generating agent used in the gas generating method and the gas generator of the present invention will be described. The gas generating agent used in the present invention contains a fuel component and an oxidizing agent, and may contain additives as necessary. These combustion components, oxidizing agents, and additives are not particularly limited as long as they can be used for ordinary gas generating agents.

As the fuel component used in the present invention, an inorganic compound such as sodium azide can be used.
Nitrogen-containing compounds are preferable, and examples thereof include one or a mixture of two or more selected from the group consisting of guanidine derivatives, tetrazole derivatives, bitetrazole derivatives, triazole derivatives, hydrazine derivatives, triazine derivatives, azodicarbonamide derivatives, and dicyanamide derivatives. .
Specific examples thereof include nitroguanidine, guanidine nitrate, 5-aminotetrazole, bitetrazole diammonium salt, 5-oxo-1,2,4-triazole, cyanoguanidine, triaminoguanidine nitrate,
Examples include trihydrazinotriazine, biuret, azodicarbonamide, biurea, carbohydrazide, carbohydrazide nitrate complex, oxalic acid dihydrazide, hydrazine nitrate complex, and sodium dicyanamide.

The fuel component is preferably selected from among nitrogen-containing organic compounds, in particular, guanidine derivatives and tetrazoles, and shows no deterioration in a heat cycle test at a high temperature of 120 ° C. or -40 ° C. to 100 ° C. A fuel that does not cause a problem is good. Preferred are guanidine nitrate, nitroguanidine, and bitetrazol ammonium salt. They have the advantage of being inexpensive and easy to obtain in large quantities. The particle diameter of the fuel component is preferably about 5 to 50 μm as a 50% average particle diameter. The lower the heat of combustion of the fuel component, the better, preferably 4000 cal / g or less.
More preferably, it is 3500 cal / g or less. The heat of combustion can be measured by, for example, a bomb calorimeter, and the heat of combustion is determined by burning in an oxygen atmosphere. For example, the heat of combustion of bitetrazole diammonium salt is 3000 cal / g, and that of guanidine nitrate is 1600 cal / g.

As the oxidizing agent used in the present invention, various ones can be used, and nitrates, nitrites, perchlorates and chlorates of ammonia, nitrates, nitrites, perchlorates and chlorides of alkali metals can be used. It is preferable to employ one or more selected from the group consisting of acid salts, nitrates of alkaline earth metals, nitrites, perchlorates and chlorates, and copper compounds. Examples of the alkali metal nitrate, nitrite, perchlorate and chlorate include sodium nitrate, potassium nitrate, potassium nitrite, potassium perchlorate, sodium chlorate and the like. Examples of the alkaline earth metal nitrate, nitrite, perchlorate and chlorate include magnesium nitrate, calcium nitrate, strontium nitrate, calcium nitrite, calcium perchlorate, calcium chlorate and the like. Further, as the copper compound, copper peroxide,
Examples thereof include copper nitrate and basic copper nitrate.

In the present invention, ammonium nitrate is preferred as the oxidizing agent for the gas generating component. Ammonium nitrate does not generate a solid residue by combustion, and can greatly reduce the filter in the gas generator. Particularly, ammonium nitrate is preferably phase-stabilized with a phase stabilizer such as another potassium salt. Representative potassium salts include potassium nitrate, potassium perchlorate and the like. The particle diameter of the phase-stabilized ammonium nitrate is preferably about 50 to 50 μm in terms of a 50% average particle diameter. The amount of the phase stabilizer is 3 to 20% by weight based on ammonium nitrate.
When the amount is less than 3% by weight, a sufficient effect of stabilizing the phase cannot be exhibited, and when the amount is more than 20% by weight, a large amount of solid residue due to potassium is generated after combustion, which is not preferable. .

By the way, guanidine nitrate, nitroguanidine, guanidine derivatives such as bitetrazole ammonium salt, and tetrazole, which are preferable fuel components in the present invention, are combined with the above-mentioned preferable oxidizing agent, ammonium nitrate, to form a gas generating agent. At atmospheric pressure, it does not show sufficient ignitability and combustion rate, and the flammability is insufficient for use in conventional gas generators. Even if an attempt is made to ensure the performance, the gas generator would increase the number of cooling means, and thus could not be adopted in the gas generator. However, according to the present invention, ignition and combustibility are improved,
It is possible to enjoy the advantages of these components, especially the above-mentioned advantages of ammonium nitrate.

In general, the ratio (oxygen balance) between the fuel and the oxidizing agent in the gas generating agent is such that the fuel is completely oxidized (complete combustion).
The equivalent (stoichiometric amount) is preferably used, and if it is largely out of this range, there is a possibility that generation of remarkable CO or NOx may be promoted. On the other hand, in the present invention, oxygen present in the combustion chamber functions more effectively as an oxidizing agent than the conventional gas generator. Therefore, it is preferable that the ratio between the fuel component of the gas generating agent and the oxidizing agent in the present invention is adjusted to be around an equivalent in consideration of the oxygen. In general, when the oxygen balance of the gas generating agent is excessive in oxygen, NOx is generated as described above. In the present invention, even if the oxidizing agent is present in excess, if the excess is oxygen, The generation of NOx is suppressed as compared with a general gas generator, and a larger oxidizing agent can be used to suppress the generation of CO caused by the oxidizing agent shortage. Further, since oxygen functions as an oxidizing agent, the amount of the oxidizing agent in the gas generating agent can be reduced, so that the amount of the gas generating agent can be reduced, which can contribute to downsizing of the gas generator. For this reason, the gas generator is adjusted so that gaseous oxygen preferably supplies 10 to 80 mol%, more preferably 20 to 70 mol%, of the oxygen required for complete combustion of the fuel component contained in the gas generating agent. Good to do. In addition, in the present invention, since oxygen contributes as an oxidizing agent, the amount of oxidizing agent for the fuel is less than that of the conventional gas generating agent, so that the danger, sensitivity, and power of the explosive composition itself are used. Is low and safe to handle.

In the present invention, the stoichiometric gas generating component consisting of guanidine nitrate and ammonium nitrate, which are preferred oxidizing agents and the oxidizing agent, is H ₂ occupying in the generated gas.
The ratio of O gas is large, and it is close to 60 mol% in the generated gas. If the amount of H ₂ O in the generated gas is large, the performance difference particularly at the time of high-temperature and low-temperature operation when inflating the airbag becomes large, which is not preferable. In the present invention,
Increasing the gaseous oxygen content of the gas generating component also serves as an oxidizing agent, so that the ammonium nitrate content is relatively reduced, and as a result, the proportion of H ₂ O gas in the generated gas Can be reduced.

In the present invention, an additive can be further contained in the gas generating agent for the purpose of a binder, a combustion modifier and the like. Specific examples of the binder include synthetic hydrotalcite, silicon dioxide, acid clay, clay, talc, and silane coupling agent. Examples of the combustion modifier include molybdenum trioxide, silicon nitride, silicon carbide, silicone, basic copper nitrate and the like.

The gas generating agent used in the present invention can be produced according to a general method for producing a gas generating agent. For example, is prepared as follows. Weigh the fuel, ammonium nitrate and additives and mix in a ball mill. Next, when pellets are formed, they are press-formed into a desired shape. In the case of extrusion molding, a binder is added and mixed to form a rice cake, followed by extrusion.
When granules are formed, they are granulated with a granulator or the like.

The shape of the gas generating agent may be any of a pellet, a disk, a sphere, and a cylinder.

Preferred combinations of the gas generating components used in the present invention will be described. It consists of guanidine nitrate as fuel, phase stabilized ammonium nitrate and gaseous oxygen as oxidizer. In addition, small amounts of additives can be added as binders and combustion modifiers. The content of guanidine nitrate is preferably 35 to 90% by weight, more preferably 40 to 85% by weight. The content of the phase-stabilized ammonium nitrate is preferably 20 to 65% by weight, more preferably 25 to 60% by weight. The content of the additive is preferably 10% by weight or less. The content of gaseous oxygen is 10 to 80 mol%, more preferably 20 to 70 mol%, of the amount of oxygen required to completely burn guanidine nitrate in the gas generating agent.

Another preferred combination will be described. It consists of nitroguanidine as fuel, phase stabilized ammonium nitrate and gaseous oxygen as oxidizer. In addition, small amounts of additives can be added as binders and combustion modifiers. The content of nitroguanidine is preferably 30 to 90% by weight, more preferably 35 to 85% by weight. The content of the phase-stabilized ammonium nitrate is preferably 20 to 70% by weight, more preferably 25 to 65%.
% By weight. The content of the additive is preferably 10% by weight or less. The content of gaseous oxygen is one of the amount of oxygen required to completely burn nitroguanidine in the gas generating agent.
It is 0 to 80 mol%, and more preferably 20 to 70 mol%.

Other preferred combinations will be described. It consists of bitetrazol ammonium salt as fuel, phase stabilized ammonium nitrate and gaseous oxygen as oxidizer. In addition, small amounts of additives can be added as binders and combustion modifiers. The content of the bitetrazole ammonium salt is preferably 15 to 65% by weight, more preferably 20 to 60% by weight. The content of the phase-stabilized ammonium nitrate is preferably 20 to 85% by weight, more preferably 25 to 80% by weight. The content of the additive is preferably 10% by weight or less. The content of gaseous oxygen is 10 to 80 mol%, more preferably 20 to 70 mol%, of the amount of oxygen required to completely burn nitroguanidine in the gas generating agent.

[0029]

The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the following examples. FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a test device used for the ignition test. The test apparatus includes an igniter 6 that is ignited by energization, an enhancer 4 that receives and burns the flame of the igniter 6, and ignites the gas generating agent.
Burn in. The combustion chamber was sealed so that it could be filled and held with gas, and when the gas generating agent started burning, the pressure in the combustion chamber increased and the seal member attached to the partition plate was broken, and a pressure sensor was provided. Outgas into the container.

Example 1 As a fuel, guanidine nitrate: 604 g (50% particle size, 1%)
5 μm) and 396 g of ammonium nitrate (5
(0% particle size, 30 μm) and mixed using a ball mill. This was sprayed with water and granulated, and then formed into a 5.0 mm diameter and 1.5 mm thick with a rotary tableting machine and dried to obtain solid component pellets. This was tested using the test apparatus shown in FIG. The combustion chamber of the test apparatus was filled with gaseous oxygen in addition to the solid component pellets. At this time, the filled gas generating component had a solid component pellet weight of 11.2 g and gaseous oxygen of 0.028 mol. The generated gas composition ratio was calculated by combustion calculation.

Example 2 Nitroguanidine: 565 g (50% particle size,
10 μm), 435 g of ammonium nitrate as an oxidizing agent
(50% particle size, 30 μm) and weighed using a ball mill. This was sprayed with water and granulated, and then formed into a 5.0 mm diameter and 1.5 mm thick by a rotary tableting machine to obtain solid component pellets. This was tested using the test apparatus shown in FIG. The combustion chamber of the test apparatus was filled with gaseous oxygen in addition to the solid component pellets. At this time, the weight of the solid component pellet was 1
1.5 g, gaseous oxygen was 0.028 mol. The generated gas composition ratio was calculated by combustion calculation.

Example 3 Diammonium bitetrazole as fuel: 350 g
(50% particle diameter, 20 μm) and 650 g of ammonium nitrate (50% particle diameter, 30 μm) as an oxidizing agent were weighed and mixed using a ball mill. This was sprayed with water and granulated, and then formed into a 5.0 mm diameter and 1.5 mm thick by a rotary tableting machine to obtain solid component pellets. This was tested using the test apparatus shown in FIG. The combustion chamber of the test apparatus was filled with gaseous oxygen in addition to the solid component pellets. At this time, the filled gas generating component had a solid component pellet weight of 10.7 g and a charged gaseous oxygen of 0.043 g.
mol. The generated gas composition ratio was calculated by combustion calculation.

Comparative Example 1 guanidine nitrate: 433 g (50% particle size, 1
5 μm) and 567 g of ammonium nitrate (5
(0% particle size, 30 μm) and mixed using a ball mill. This was sprayed with water and granulated, and then formed into pellets having a diameter of 5.0 mm and a thickness of 1.5 mm by a rotary tableting machine. This was tested using the test apparatus shown in FIG. The combustion chamber of the test apparatus was filled only with the pellets and was not filled with gaseous oxygen. At this time, the gas generating component had a solid component weight of 11.7 g. The generated gas composition ratio was calculated by combustion calculation.

Comparative Example 2 Nitroguanidine: 394 g (50% particle size,
10 μm), 606 g of ammonium nitrate as an oxidizing agent
(50% particle size, 30 μm) and weighed using a ball mill. This was sprayed with water and granulated, and then formed into pellets having a diameter of 5.0 mm and a thickness of 1.5 mm by a rotary tableting machine. This was tested using the test apparatus shown in FIG. The combustion chamber of the test apparatus was filled only with the pellets and was not filled with gaseous oxygen. At this time, the gas generating component is
The weight of the solid component was 12.0 g. The generated gas composition ratio was calculated by combustion calculation.

Comparative Example 3 Diammonium bitetrazole as fuel: 212 g
(50% particle size, 20 μm) and 788 g of ammonium nitrate (50% particle size, 30 μm) as an oxidizing agent were weighed and mixed using a ball mill. This was sprayed with water and granulated, and then formed into pellets having a diameter of 5.0 mm and a thickness of 1.5 mm by a rotary tableting machine. This was tested using the test apparatus shown in FIG. The combustion chamber of the test apparatus was filled only with the pellets and was not filled with gaseous oxygen. At this time, the gas generating component had a solid component weight of 11.6 g. The generated gas composition ratio was calculated by combustion calculation.

In each of the examples and comparative examples, the amount of gas-generating components that generate 0.5 mol of gas when the gas-generating components are burned is standardized. Example,
Table 1 shows the results of the comparative example.

Table 1 Composition ratio of generated gas in ignition test (mol%) Ignition time (ms) N ₂ CO ₂ H ₂ O ―――――――――――――――――――――― ――――――――― Example 1 2.3 33.4 10.9 54.7 Example 2 2.2 37.3 12.2 49.6 Example 3 2.5 38.8 8. 4 51.9 Comparative Example 1 No ignition 33.2 7.8 58.4 Comparative Example 2 8.5 36.0 8.8 54.3 Comparative Example 3 No ignition 36.8 5.4 56.8

From the ignition test results shown in Table 1, the gas generating method and the gas generator of the present invention showed that in each case 2 m
It can be seen that a rise in pressure occurs at s, and no ignition delay has occurred. Here, the ignition time indicates the time from when a current is supplied to the igniter of the test apparatus to when the pressure rises. In Comparative Examples, the components of Comparative Examples 1 and 3 did not ignite and remained in the combustion chamber. Comparative Example 2
Although ignition occurred, ignition delay occurred. Usually, it is preferable that the gas generating component used in the gas generator starts combustion in about 2 to 3 ms, and if it is greatly delayed, sufficient performance cannot be exhibited. Further, from the results of the generated gas composition ratios in Table 1, it can be seen that the gas generation method and the gas generator of the present invention can particularly reduce the amount of generated H ₂ O. In particular, when the fuel is common, about 4 mol% of H ₂ O
Decrease, and conversely, the proportions of CO ₂ and N ₂ increase. Accordingly, the performance of the gas generator is preferable because the difference in performance between high temperature and low temperature operation when the airbag is inflated is small.

[0039]

The gas generating method and the gas generator according to the present invention have no delay in operation, have good flammability, and can reduce the H ₂ O ratio of the generated gas. Stable performance can be obtained.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a test apparatus used in each of Examples and Comparative Examples of the present invention.

[Explanation of Codes] Pressure sensor 2. Test container 3. Combustion chamber 4. Enhancer agent5. Spacer 6. Igniter 7. Gas generating agent 8. Wire mesh 9. Partition board

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) C06D 5/06 C06D 5/06

Claims (32)

[Claims] 1. A method for generating gas by burning a gas generating agent containing a fuel component and an oxidizing agent, wherein a gas around the gas generating agent has a larger amount of gaseous oxygen than air at normal temperature and normal pressure. A gas generating method characterized by the above-mentioned. 2. A method for generating gas by burning a gas generating agent of a gas generator filled with a gas generating agent containing a fuel component and an oxidizing agent component, wherein the gas generating agent in the gas generator is A gas generation method characterized in that gas in a combustion chamber housed and sealed has a larger amount of gaseous oxygen than air at normal temperature and normal pressure. 3. The gas generating method according to claim 1, wherein the oxidizing agent is ammonium nitrate or phase-stabilized ammonium nitrate. 4. The gas generation method according to claim 1, wherein the fuel component is a nitrogen-containing organic compound. 5. The gas generating method according to claim 1, wherein the nitrogen-containing organic compound comprises a guanidine derivative and / or a tetrazole. 6. The guanidine derivative is one or more selected from the group consisting of guanidine nitrate, nitroguanidine and triaminoguanidine nitrate.
The gas generation method according to 1. 7. The gas generation method according to claim 5, wherein the tetrazole is an ammonium salt of bitetrazole. 8. The gas generating method according to claim 1, wherein the gas generating agent further contains 10% by weight or less of an additive. 9. The additive is selected from the group consisting of synthetic hydrotalcite, silicon dioxide, acid clay, clay, talc, molybdenum trioxide, silane coupling agent, silicon nitride, silicon carbide, silicone and basic copper nitrate. The gas generation method according to claim 8, wherein one or two or more types are used. 10. The gaseous oxygen in the gas, wherein the amount of gaseous oxygen around the gas generating agent is 10 to 80 mol% of the amount of oxygen necessary for completely burning the fuel component in the gas generating agent. The gas generation method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein 11. The gas generating method according to claim 10, wherein the gas generating agent contains the following a to c. a) 35-90% by weight of guanidine nitrate b) 20-65% by weight of phase-stabilized ammonium nitrate c) Additives up to 10% by weight 12. The gas generating method according to claim 10, wherein the gas generating agent contains the following a to c. a) 30-90% by weight of nitroguanidine b) 20-70% by weight of phase-stabilized ammonium nitrate c) Additives up to 10% by weight 13. The gas generating method according to claim 10, wherein said gas generating agent contains the following a to c. a) Bitetrazole ammonium salt 15-65% by weight b) Phase-stabilized ammonium nitrate 20-85% by weight c) Additive 10% by weight or less 14. The gas of claim 1, wherein said gas contains nitrogen and / or argon, the amount of which is less than twice the amount of oxygen.
Or the gas generation method according to 2. 15. The gas generation method according to claim 1, wherein the gas contains nitrogen and / or argon, and the amount thereof is smaller than that of oxygen. 16. The gas generating method according to claim 1, wherein the gas contains helium, and its amount is 0.1 mol% or more of the total gas. 17. A gas generator filled with a gas generating agent containing a fuel component and an oxidizing agent component, wherein a gas around the gas generating agent has a larger gas oxygen amount than air at normal temperature and normal pressure. Characterized gas generator. 18. A gas generator filled with a gas generating agent containing a fuel component and an oxidizing agent, wherein the gas in the combustion chamber containing and sealing the gas generating agent is more gaseous than air at normal temperature and normal pressure. A gas generator characterized by a high oxygen content. 19. The gas generator according to claim 17, wherein the oxidizing agent is ammonium nitrate or phase-stabilized ammonium nitrate. 20. The gas generator according to claim 17, wherein the fuel component is a nitrogen-containing organic compound. 21. The nitrogen-containing organic compound is a guanidine derivative and / or a tetrazole.
9. The gas generator according to 8. 22. The guanidine derivative is one or more selected from the group consisting of guanidine nitrate, nitroguanidine and triaminoguanidine nitrate.
19. The gas generator according to 7 or 18. 23. The gas generator according to claim 17, wherein the tetrazole is an ammonium salt of bitetrazole. 24. The gas generating agent according to claim 14, further comprising 10% by weight or less of an additive.
4. The gas generator according to claim 3. 25. The additive is selected from the group consisting of synthetic hydrotalcite, silicon dioxide, acid clay, clay, talc, molybdenum trioxide, silane coupling agent, silicon nitride, silicon carbide, silicone and basic copper nitrate. 25. The gas generator according to claim 24, wherein the gas generator is one or more types. 26. The gaseous oxygen in the gas, wherein the amount of gaseous oxygen around the gas generating agent is 10 to 80 mol% of the amount of oxygen necessary to completely burn the fuel component in the gas generating agent. A gas generator according to claim 17 or claim 18. 27. The gas generator according to claim 26, wherein said gas generating agent contains the following a to c. a) 35-90% by weight of guanidine nitrate b) 20-65% by weight of phase-stabilized ammonium nitrate c) Additives up to 10% by weight 28. The gas generator according to claim 26, wherein the gas generating agent contains the following a to c. a) 30-90% by weight of nitroguanidine b) 20-70% by weight of phase-stabilized ammonium nitrate c) Additives up to 10% by weight 29. The gas generator according to claim 26, wherein the gas generating agent contains the following a to c. a) Bitetrazole ammonium salt 15-65% by weight b) Phase-stabilized ammonium nitrate 20-85% by weight c) Additive 10% by weight or less 30. The gas according to claim 1, wherein the gas contains nitrogen and / or argon, the amount of which is less than twice the amount of oxygen.
19. The gas generator according to 7 or 18. 31. The gas according to claim 17, wherein the gas contains nitrogen and / or argon, and the amount thereof is smaller than that of oxygen.
9. The gas generator according to 8. 32. The gas according to claim 17, wherein the gas contains helium, and its amount is at least 0.1 mol% in the total gas.
9. The gas generator according to 8.