JP2002268119A - Shutter control device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To mechanically control a shutter speed even in AE control mode. SOLUTION: This controller has a shutter speed setting member 8 which mechanically operates when a shutter is released, stop mechanisms 15 and 17 which operate in timing corresponding to a target shutter speed to stop the shutter speed setting member from operating, and an abutting part 21c which is positioned at the position corresponding to the operation stop timing of the shutter speed setting member 8, and is equipped with 1st rear curtain driving mechanisms (20, 21, 24, etc.), which drive a rear curtain 35 associatively with the depression of the positioned abutting part 21c and pressing mechanisms 5, 11, and 13 which abut against the abutting part 32c in the timing corresponding to the position of the abutting part 21c to push it.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

[0001] 1. Field of the Invention [0002] The present invention relates to a control device for a focal plane shutter provided in a camera or the like, and more particularly to a shutter control device capable of switching between mechanical shutter control and electric shutter control.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a control device of a focal plane shutter mounted on a single-lens reflex camera, for example, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No.
The one disclosed in -165737 is known. This control device can control the shutter time (shutter speed) either mechanically or electrically, and the control can be switched by operating an operation member. The mechanical control mechanism includes a mechanical control unit provided between the shutter speed setting dial and the shutter mechanism, and changes the mechanical setting of the shutter mechanism so that the selected shutter time is obtained by operating the shutter speed setting dial. It is configured as follows.

[0003]

As described above, the mechanical control described in the above publication mechanically changes the setting of the shutter mechanism in conjunction with the operation of the shutter speed setting dial. AE that only calculates the shutter time
Does not support control. Further, since the control is manually switched between the mechanical control and the electric control, the switching operation is troublesome.

An object of the present invention is to provide a shutter control device which can mechanically control the shutter time even in AE control and can automatically select an appropriate system from mechanical control and electric control. .

[0005]

The shutter control apparatus according to the present invention controls the shutter curtain time by controlling the rear curtain driving timing after the front curtain driving. A shutter control device that mechanically operates upon shutter release and operates at a timing corresponding to a target shutter time, and stops the operation of the shutter time setting member 8 by the operation. It has mechanisms 15 and 17, and a contact portion 21c positioned at a position corresponding to the operation stop timing of the shutter time setting member 8, and the positioned contact portion 2
1c that drives the trailing shutter 35 in conjunction with the pressing of 1c
Rear curtain drive mechanism (20, 21, 24, etc.)
Pressing mechanisms 5, 11, and 13 are provided to contact and press the contact portion 21c at a timing corresponding to the position of c, thereby solving the above problem. The invention according to claim 2 has a second rear curtain driving mechanism (16, 18, 24, etc.), and when the target shutter time is longer than a predetermined exposure time, the contact portion 21c While controlling the operation timing of the stop mechanism so that is positioned at a position where it can not contact the pressing mechanism,
The second rear curtain drive mechanism is operated at a timing according to the timing result of the electrical timing means to drive the rear curtain 35. The invention according to claim 3 further includes a temperature sensor, and control means for controlling the operation timing of the stop mechanism based on the output of the temperature sensor and the target shutter time. The invention according to a fourth aspect further includes a counting means for counting the number of shutter releases, and a control means for controlling the operation timing of the stop mechanism based on the output of the counting means and the target shutter time. According to the invention of claim 5, a plurality of engagement portions 8a corresponding to a plurality of controllable shutter times are provided on the shutter time setting member 8,
The stop mechanism is provided with a stop engagement member 17b for stopping the shutter time setting member 8 by engaging with one of the engagement portions 8a. The invention according to claim 6 is provided with timing setting means for setting the operation timing of the stop mechanism based on the target shutter time and a predetermined correction parameter, so that the stop mechanism is operated at the timing set by the timing setting means. In addition to the configuration, the engaging portion 8-1H (FIG. 11) corresponding to the shutter speed higher than the engaging portion corresponding to the highest controllable shutter speed, and the lowest controllable shutter speed. Engaging portion 8-1 corresponding to a shutter speed on the lower speed side than the engaging portion
L is provided on the shutter time setting member. In the invention of claim 7, at the time of the target shutter time, a value determined based on the output of the photometric means for detecting the brightness of the subject and a manually set value are included. A shutter control device according to an eighth aspect of the present invention has a rear curtain drive setting unit that positions a rear curtain drive setting unit according to a target shutter time, and a front curtain drive mechanism that drives a front curtain, and two types of rear curtain drive units. A rear curtain driving mechanism for switching which rear curtain driving section starts the rear curtain according to the position of the rear curtain driving setting section. An invention according to claim 9 is a first rear curtain driving unit that drives the rear curtain at a timing according to the position of the rear curtain drive setting unit when the target shutter time is a short time equal to or shorter than a predetermined exposure time, When the target shutter time is longer than the predetermined exposure time and is long, the second rear curtain driven at the timing corresponding to the target shutter time to drive the rear curtain regardless of the position of the rear curtain drive setting unit. And a drive unit.

[0006] In the section of the means for solving the above-mentioned problems, which explains the configuration of the present invention, the drawings of the embodiments are used to make the present invention easier to understand. However, the present invention is not limited to this.

[0007]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS First Embodiment An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the single-lens reflex camera according to the present embodiment. On the upper surface of the camera body 36, a release button 36a,
A shutter speed setting dial 36b for manually setting a shutter speed, a mode setting dial 36c for manually setting an exposure mode, and a liquid crystal display 36d for displaying various exposure values and other information are provided. .

FIG. 2 is a schematic side view showing the internal structure of the camera. A part of the subject light flux guided to the camera body 36 via the photographing lens 42 and the aperture 43 is reflected upward by the mirror 40 and guided to the finder optical system. When the shutter release operation is performed, the mirror 40 is driven (mirror up) in the direction D3 in the figure, the shutter front curtain 30 is opened, and the subject light flux is guided to the film 41 to perform exposure. When a predetermined shutter time (exposure time) has elapsed, the trailing shutter 35 closes, and the exposure ends.

Next, the shutter control mechanism of the camera will be described. In the present embodiment, the shutter speed on the high-speed side is mechanically controlled, and the shutter speed on the low-speed side is electrically controlled. The reason will be described below. FIG. 7 is an evaluation of the variation in the shutter speed due to the mechanical and electrical controls, based on the SN ratio of the desired eye characteristic. As can be seen from the figure, the mechanical control is performed at a high-speed shutter speed of 1/2000 second or more (the shutter speed is 1/2000 second).
In the case of a short time of less than a second, the SN ratio is high and the variation is small, but the variation increases as the shutter speed becomes slow. On the other hand, in the case of the electric control, on the other hand, there is more variation at the time of the high-speed shutter, and the variation decreases as the shutter speed decreases. Therefore, in this embodiment, the high-speed shutter time (1/8000 second, 1/4000 second, 1/20 second)
(00 seconds, 1/1000 second) is controlled mechanically, and the electronic shutter is controlled for lower shutter speeds shorter than that, thereby realizing high-precision shutter control with little variation at any shutter speed. .

FIGS. 3 and 4 are perspective views showing a shutter control mechanism, and FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a part of FIG. 3, both showing a shutter charge completed state (initial state). The mechanical shutter control is realized by mechanically determining the rear curtain drive timing using the high-speed shutter speed setting plate 8 and the shutter speed setting lever 17. On the other hand, the electric shutter control uses the rear curtain magnet 16
, The rear curtain drive timing is electrically controlled. Hereinafter, the details will be described.

<High-speed shutter second setting> The shutter control operation is started by driving the pin 14 in the D1 direction in conjunction with the mirror up. With the movement of the pin 14, the mechanical locking key 6 rotates clockwise against the urging force of the spring 6b, and the rotation causes the arm 6c of the mechanical locking key 6 to engage with the arm 5a of the control body 5. Is released, and the trigger switch SW1 is turned on.

The control body 5 rotates counterclockwise by the urging force of the spring 7, and the engagement between the cam surface 5b and the arm 17a of the shutter speed setting lever 17 is released. The shutter speed setting lever 17 is urged clockwise by a spring 17c.
Since a is attracted to the magnet 15 (because the magnet 15 is energized), the state shown in the figure is maintained without rotation even when the arm 17a is disengaged.

On the other hand, the rotation of the control body 5 releases the engagement between the cam surface 5c and the arm 18a of the rear armature lever 18. Although the rear armature lever 18 is urged counterclockwise by the spring 18c, since the iron piece 16a fixed to the lever 18 is attracted to the magnet 16, the rear armature lever 18 keeps the illustrated state without rotating.

The notch 5d presses the pin 10a by the rotation of the control body 5, and rotates the setting plate holding key 10 clockwise against the urging force of the spring 10b. Accordingly, the engagement between the claw 10c and the high-speed shutter speed setting plate 8 is released, and the high-speed shutter speed setting plate 8 rotates clockwise by the urging force of the spring 9.

The high-speed shutter speed setting plate 8 sets the shutter speed on the high-speed side (1/8000 second, 1 in this embodiment).
/ 4000 sec., 1/2000 sec., 1/1000 sec.) Are mechanically controlled, and notches 8a are formed at positions corresponding to each shutter time as shown in FIG. FIG. 6 does not always show the actual position of the notch 8a.

A claw 17b of a shutter speed setting lever 17 can be engaged with each of the notches 8a. Which of the notches 8a is to be engaged depends on the timing at which the power to the magnet 15 is released. That is, after the rotation of the high-speed shutter speed setting plate 8 is started, when the magnet 15 is de-energized at a timing corresponding to the target shutter time (hereinafter, target shutter time), the shutter speed is set by the urging force of the spring 17c. The lever 17 rotates clockwise, and the pawl 17b engages with the notch 8a corresponding to the target shutter time. By this engagement, the rotation of the high-speed shutter speed setting plate 8 stops. In the present embodiment, the release timing of the magnet 15 is delayed as the target shutter time is later.

Here, the target shutter time is a value calculated based on the luminance of the subject, the film sensitivity, and the like, or a value manually set by the user.

On the other hand, the high-speed shutter speed setting plate 8 is provided with a low-speed notch 8s at a position on the lower speed side than the notch 8a corresponding to 1/1000 second. When the target shutter time is low speed (less than 1/1000 second), the magnet 15 is de-energized so that the claw 17b is engaged with the low speed notch 8s.

A setting cam 19 is coaxially integrated with the high-speed shutter speed setting plate 8, and an arm 19a of the swing lever 21 is locked to an arm 19a. Swing lever 2
1 is rotatably attached to the trailing shutter release lever 20 via a shaft 20b, and is urged clockwise by a spring 21a. The rotation is prevented by the arm 21b being locked to the arm 19a. . The rear curtain release lever 20 is urged clockwise by a spring 20a. And the setting cam 19
Is rotated clockwise, the swinging lever 21 is moved to the spring 21a.
Rotates counterclockwise around axis 20b against the urging force of
Stop of the setting cam 19 (engagement of the claw 17b with the notch 8a)
It stops with. The pressing force of the arm 19a does not act as a force for rotating the trailing shutter release lever 20, and at this time, the trailing shutter release lever 20 is immobile.

Here, the amount of rotation of the swing lever 21 is determined by the amount of rotation of the setting cam 19, that is, which notch 8a of the high-speed shutter speed setting plate 8 engages the claw 17b of the shutter speed setting lever 17. (The later the shutter time, the greater the amount of rotation of the swing lever 21). Then, the arm 21c is positioned by the rotation amount of the swing lever 21. A cam surface 11a of the control cam 11, which will be described later, contacts the arm 21c, but the contact timing varies depending on the position of the arm 21c. In addition, the pawl 17b of the shutter speed setting lever 17 has the notch 8 for low speed.
When the arm 21c is engaged, the arm 21c retreats from the movement locus of the cam surface 11a, and the cam surface 11a does not come into contact with the arm 21c. <First curtain running operation>

Thereafter, the control body 5 continues to rotate counterclockwise, and the arm 5e comes into contact with the pin 13a of the mechanical control key 13 and presses it. The mechanical control key 13 is urged counterclockwise by a spring 13b, and can be engaged with the control cam 11. The control cam 11 is coaxially integrated with the leading shutter release lever 22 and is urged clockwise by the spring 12, but is prevented from rotating by engagement with the mechanical control key 13 in the illustrated state. When the arm 5e of the control body 5 presses the pin 13a as described above, the mechanical control key 13 rotates clockwise against the urging force of the spring 13b, and the control cam 11 is locked by the mechanical control key 13. The control cam 11 is released by the urging force of the spring 12 and rotates clockwise integrally with the leading shutter release lever 22.

The rotation of the first curtain release lever 22 causes the arm 2
2a presses the pin 23a of the front curtain locking key 23 (FIG. 4), and the front curtain locking key 23 rotates counterclockwise against the urging force of the spring 23b. Thereby, the locking of the front curtain driving lever 27 by the front curtain locking key 23 is released, and the front curtain driving lever 27 rotates clockwise by the urging force of the spring 28. The pin 27a of the front curtain drive lever 27 is fitted in the long hole 29a of the front curtain drive arm 29,
Rotates the front curtain drive arm 29 via the pin 27a, and the front curtain 30 starts running in the D2 direction (opening direction) by a known method. When the front curtain 30 is opened, the subject light flux is guided to the film, and exposure is started. FIG.
Numeral 31 indicates a film exposure screen.

The front curtain running operation so far is common regardless of the length of the shutter time, but the rear curtain closing operation is performed between the high speed shutter time (mechanical control) and the low speed shutter time (electric control). different.

<Trail Curtain Operation> (1) High-speed shutter control (mechanical type) The control cam 11 continues to rotate even after the front curtain travels, and the cam surface 11a (FIG. 5) is eventually applied to the arm 21c of the swing lever 21. Hit it and hit it. This pressing force acts as a force for rotating the trailing shutter release lever 20 counterclockwise through the swing lever 21, so that the trailing shutter release lever 20 is
The arm 20c presses the pin 24a of the rear curtain locking key 24.

When the arm 20c pushes the pin 24a, the trailing curtain locking key 24 (FIG. 4) rotates clockwise against the urging force of the spring 24b to release the engagement with the trailing curtain drive lever 32. . As a result, the rear curtain drive lever 32 rotates clockwise by the urging force of the spring 33. The pin 32a of the rear curtain drive lever 32 is fitted in the elongated hole 34a of the rear curtain drive arm 34, and the rotation of the rear curtain drive lever 32 drives the rear curtain drive arm 34 to move the rear curtain 35 in the D2 direction (closed). Direction) to cover the film photographing screen 31, and the exposure ends.

As described above, the cam surface 11a of the control cam 11
Is caused to collide with the arm 21c of the swing lever 21 to start the closing operation of the rear curtain. As described above, the position of the arm 21c of the swing lever 21 It depends on which notch 8a of the speed setting plate 8 is engaged.
Therefore, the cam surface 11a is connected to the arm 21c of the swing lever 21.
The timing (corresponding to the rear curtain running start timing) at which the contact is made is also different accordingly. The actual shutter time is determined by the rear curtain running start timing. In the present embodiment, the notch 8a is formed so that a desired shutter time can be obtained in a range of 1/8000 to 1/1000 second.

When a predetermined time Th has elapsed since the trigger switch SW1 was turned on, the power supply to the rear curtain magnet 16 is cut off. At this time, since the locking of the rear armature lever 18 by the controller 5 has been released, the rear armature lever 18 rotates counterclockwise by the urging force of the spring 18c. After this, the armature lever 18 drives the pin 24a to cause the rear curtain 35 to travel, but since the rear curtain 35 has already traveled by the above-described operation, the rotation of the rear armature lever 18 here is performed by the rear curtain. Has no involvement in driving.

The above is the mechanical high-speed shutter time control. In the mechanical type, the rear curtain running start timing is determined not by using an electrical timing unit but by mechanically changing the position of the arm 21c of the swing lever 21 according to the target shutter time as described above. I do. This type of method can realize more precise control at the time of the high-speed shutter than electric control. Further, according to this control, since the mechanical shutter control is performed by controlling the release timing of the magnet 15, it is possible to cope with a case where the target shutter time is obtained by calculation or a case where it is manually set. The control of the magnet will be described later.

(2) Low-speed shutter control (electrical type) On the other hand, the mechanical control has a large variation at the low-speed shutter speed, so the following electrical control is performed at a low-speed speed less than 1/1000 second. .

As described above, at the time of low-speed shutter control, the low-speed notch 8s of the high-speed shutter speed setting plate 8
FIG. 6 shows the pawl 17b of the shutter speed setting lever 17.
Are engaged. In this case, the swing lever 21 rotates more than in the previous mechanical control, and its arm 21c completely retracts from the rotation trajectory of the control cam 11, so that the control cam 1
Even if 1 rotates, the cam surface 11a does not come into contact with the arm 21c, and the rear curtain release lever 20 is not driven.

When a predetermined time T3 has elapsed since the trigger switch SW1 was turned on, the energization of the rear curtain magnet 16 is released. At this time, since the locking of the rear armature lever 18 by the controller 5 has already been released, the rear armature lever 18 is rotated counterclockwise by the biasing force of the spring 18c, and the arm 18b is locked by the rear curtain locking key 24. Press the pin 24a. As a result, the rear curtain locking key 24 rotates clockwise against the urging force of the spring 24b, and the engagement with the rear curtain drive lever 32 is released. The rear curtain drive lever 32 rotates clockwise by the urging force of the spring 33, and the rear curtain 35 travels in the direction D2 to cover the film photographing screen 31 by the same operation as described above, and the exposure ends.

As described above, in the electric control, the shutter time is determined by electrically controlling the timing (the above-mentioned predetermined time T3) at which the energization of the rear curtain magnet 16 is released after the trigger switch SW1 is turned on. . Such control can realize high-precision and low-variation control at the time of a low-speed shutter.

<Shutter Charge Operation> When the exposure is completed, the shaft 1 is rotated clockwise against the urging force of the spring 2 by means not shown. As a result, the first and second charge cams 3 and 4 rotate integrally, and the pins 3 of the first charge cam rotate.
b engages with the pin 5f to rotate the control body 5 clockwise against the urging force of the spring 7. As a result, the control body 5 and the levers engaged with the control body 5 return to the initial state (the state in FIG. 3). Further, the arm 3a rotates the first reset lever 25 counterclockwise through the arm 25a, whereby the control cam 11 and the leading shutter release lever 22 rotate counterclockwise against the urging force of the spring 12. Respectively return to the initial state. Further, the arm 4a of the second charge cam 4 rotates the second reset lever 26 counterclockwise via the arm 26a,
As a result, the high-speed shutter speed setting plate 8 and the setting cam 19 rotate counterclockwise via the shaft 26b against the urging force of the spring 9, and return to their initial states. on the other hand,
1st curtain / 2nd curtain drive lever 2 via pins 27b and 32b
When the shutters 7, 32 are rotated counterclockwise against the urging forces of the springs 28, 33, the shutter curtains 30, 35 and their peripheral members return to the initial state (the state in FIG. 4).

FIG. 8 shows the configuration of a control system for realizing the above operation. The above-described shutter speed setting dial 36b, exposure mode setting dial 36c, liquid crystal display 36d, trigger switch SW1, and drive circuit 49 for the magnets 15 and 16 are connected to the CPU 46. The operation states of the dials 36b and 36c, that is, the shutter time and the exposure mode command values are input to the CPU 46 as encoder signals. Also CPU
Reference numeral 46 denotes a half-press switch SW44 which is turned on by operating the release button 36a, and a release switch SW47
An aperture setting device 43a for setting an aperture value, a light receiving element (photometric element) 38 for detecting the subject brightness Bv,
A sensitivity detection device 45 for reading the sensitivity Sv of the loaded film and a storage device 48 for storing various information are connected.

FIGS. 9 and 10 show a control procedure executed by the CPU 46. FIG. When the release button 36a is operated and the half-press switch SW44 is turned on, this program starts to read the subject brightness Bv, which is the detection output of the light receiving element 38 (step S1), and read the film sensitivity Sv from the sensitivity detection device 45 (step S1). Step S2). These Bv and Sv are stored in the storage device 48.

In steps S3, S5 and S7, it is determined which exposure mode is set by the mode setting dial 36c. In the P mode, the above Bv, S
An aperture value and a shutter time are calculated based on v (step S4). If the mode is the A mode, the shutter time is calculated from Bv, Sv and the aperture value set by the aperture setting device 43a (step S6). If in S mode,
Bv, Sv and shutter speed setting dial 36b
The aperture value is calculated based on the shutter time set in (Step S8). If the mode is the M (manual) mode, the aperture value set by the aperture setting device 43a and the shutter speed set by the shutter speed setting dial 36b are set (step S9). Step S
In step 10, the set aperture value Av and shutter time Tv are stored in the storage device 48, and the display device 3
6d. Here, the shutter time Tv corresponds to the target shutter time.

In step S11, the release switch SW4
When it is determined that the switch 7 is turned on, the magnets 15 and 16 are energized to attract and hold the iron pieces 15a and 16a, respectively (step S12). It is determined whether or not the target shutter time Tv is a high-speed shutter time (1/1000 second or faster) (step S13). If the target shutter time Tv is high, the trigger switch SW1 is turned on based on the shutter time Tv. The time T1 from when the magnet 15 is de-energized until it is turned off is calculated and stored in the storage device 48 (step S1).
4). This T1 is a time for engaging the claw 17b of the shutter speed setting lever 17 with the notch 8a corresponding to the shutter time Tv. Further, a time T3 from when the trigger switch SW1 is turned on to when the energization of the rear curtain magnet 16 is turned off is set to a predetermined time Th (Step S).
16).

On the other hand, if it is determined in step S13 that the shutter speed is the low-speed shutter time, the time T from when the trigger switch SW1 is turned on to when the magnet 15 is de-energized is turned off.
1 is set as a predetermined time Tf (step S15). This Tf
Is a time for engaging the claw 17b of the shutter speed setting lever 17 with the notch 8s on the low speed side. Further, a time T3 from when the trigger switch SW1 is turned on to when the energization of the rear curtain magnet 16 is turned off is calculated based on the target shutter time Tv (step S17).

Thereafter, it waits until the trigger switch SW1 is turned on (step S18). As described above, the control body 5 starts rotating in conjunction with the turning-on of the trigger switch SW1, and in accordance with this, the time measurement of T1 and T3 is started (step S19).

Wait until the time T1 elapses from the start of the timing (step S20), and when the time elapses, the power supply to the magnet 15 is cut off (step S21). As a result, the shutter speed setting lever 17 is released, and its claw 17b is engaged with the notch 8a or 8s of the high-speed shutter speed setting plate 8. In the case of the high-speed shutter time, since the time T1 is calculated based on the set shutter time Tv, the claw 17b is engaged with the notch 8a corresponding to the target shutter time Tv. Thereby, as described above, the swing lever 21
Position of the arm 21c, in other words, the cam surface 1 of the control cam 11
The timing at which 1a presses arm 21c is determined. on the other hand,
In the case of the low-speed shutter, the time T1 is set to Tf. In this case, the pawl 17b is engaged with the notch 8s on the low-speed side, and the arm 21c of the swing lever 21 retreats from the rotation locus of the cam surface 11a. I do.

Thereafter, as described above, the first curtain release lever 2
The second curtain rotates the front curtain 30. Further, in the case of the high-speed shutter, the rear curtain 35 is driven by the cam surface 11a of the control cam 11 pressing the arm 21c of the swing lever 21. Since the position of the arm 21c depends on the set shutter time Tv, a desired shutter time is realized by this. In the case of a low-speed shutter, the cam surface 11a
Does not contact the arm 21c, the rear curtain 35 is not driven at this time.

After step S21, the time T from the start of timing is counted.
3 (step S22), and after that, the energization of the rear curtain magnet 16 is released (step S2).
3). As a result, the rear armature lever 18 rotates, and in the case of a low-speed shutter, the rear curtain 35 is driven. Since the time T3 depends on the target shutter time Tv, a desired shutter time is realized by this. On the other hand, in the case of the high-speed shutter, the time T3 is the predetermined value Th, and when the energization of the magnet 16 is released, the rear curtain 35 has already traveled, so that the rotation of the rear armature lever 18 is performed by the rear curtain drive. Does not contribute to

Here, the time Th is set so long as to have no effect at the time of the shutter time controlled mechanically. However, if the length is set too long, the frame speed during continuous shooting decreases, so that the time does not affect the maximum frame speed that can be controlled by the camera.

Thereafter, the above-described shutter charging operation and the feeding of one frame of the film are performed (step S24). When it is determined in step S25 that the half-press switch SW44 is turned on, the process returns to step S1, and the above operation is repeated. If the half-press switch SW44 is off, the timer T4 (so-called half-press timer) starts counting (step S26).
The process loops around steps S27 and S28. If the half-press switch SW44 is turned on before the time T4 elapses, the process returns to the step S1, and the process ends when the time T4 elapses.

In the above embodiment, the high-speed shutter speed setting plate 8 serves as a shutter time setting member, the magnet 15 and the shutter speed setting lever 17 serve as a stop mechanism, the rear curtain release lever 20, the swing lever 21, and the rear curtain engaging member. Hook 24, rear curtain drive lever 32 and rear curtain drive arm 34
Are the first rear curtain drive mechanism, the controller 5, the mechanical control cam 1
1, the mechanical control key 13 controls the pressing mechanism,
The rear armature lever 18 curtain locking key 24, the rear curtain driving lever 32, and the rear curtain driving arm 34 constitute a second rear curtain driving mechanism, respectively. The high-speed shutter speed setting plate 8, the setting cam 19, and the swing lever 21 serve as the rear curtain drive setting section, and the controller 5, the mechanical control key 13, and the front curtain release lever 2 are provided.
2, the front curtain locking key 23, the front drive lever 27 and the front drive arm 29 function as the front curtain drive mechanism, the rear curtain release lever 20 functions as the first rear curtain drive unit, and the rear armature lever 18 operates as the second rear curtain. In the driving section, the levers 18, 20, the mechanical control cam 11, and the swing lever 21 constitute a rear curtain driving mechanism, respectively.

Second Embodiment A second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. When the shutter is mechanically controlled, a predetermined shutter time may not be obtained due to, for example, an environmental temperature change or an aging change. For example, in the example of FIG.
Despite engaging the claw 17b with the notch 8a corresponding to 8000 seconds, the actual shutter time may be faster or slower than 1/8000 seconds. The present embodiment has been proposed to deal with such a problem, and only the differences from the previous embodiment will be described below.

As shown in FIG. 4, the shutter curtain (first curtain 3)
(0, rear curtain 35), a monitor element (photo sensor) 37 and a reflection plate 37a are arranged to face each other with the traveling locus therebetween. The monitor element 37 has a light emitting section and a light receiving section, and is configured such that light from the light projecting section can be reflected by the reflection plate 37a and guided to the light receiving section. When a shutter curtain is present between the monitor element 37 and the reflector 37a, the light from the light-emitting unit is reduced because the light from the light projecting unit is blocked by the shutter curtain (the shutter curtains 30, 35 are lower than the reflector 37a). Also low reflectivity). Therefore, after the front curtain runs, the output of the light receiving unit rises when the rear end edge of the front curtain 30 passes through the reflector 37a, and then the output of the light receiver when the front edge of the rear curtain 35 passes through the reflector. Falls. The output of the light receiving unit is input to the CPU 46 of FIG. 8, and the CPU 46 obtains the time from the rise to the fall of the output as the actual measurement value Tr at the shutter time.

The measured value Tr at the time of the shutter at each photographing
, The target shutter time Tv and the measured value T
r, and the rear curtain running timing (specifically, the pawl 17
By determining the notch 8a) in which b should be engaged, an accurate shutter time can be realized. For example, when the target shutter time is 1/4000 second and the claw 17b is engaged with the notch 8a corresponding to 1/4000 second, the measured value T
When r is slower than 1/4000 second, the next time, to realize 1/4000 second, it is engaged with the notch 8a on the higher speed side than the notch 8a corresponding to 1/4000 second. To do.

In order to enable such control, the high-speed shutter speed setting plate 8 'of this embodiment is provided with a notch 8a finer than that of the previous embodiment, as shown in FIG. That is, in the above embodiment, 1/8000
The notch 8a is formed at intervals of 1 EV from 1 second to 1/1000 second, but in the present embodiment, the notch 8a is formed at 1/8000 second to 1/1000 second.
Notches 8a are formed at intervals of 1/3 EV during 2000 seconds. This makes it possible to finely adjust the shutter speed based on the actual measurement value, for example, at 1/300
An intermediate shutter time such as 0 second can also be set.

Also, 1/800 which is the maximum shutter time
Notch 8 on the higher speed side than notch 8a corresponding to 0 second
-1H, and a notch 8a corresponding to 1/2000 second which is the minimum shutter time that can be mechanically controlled.
A notch 8-1L is formed between the notch 8s and the electric control notch 8s. 1/8000 seconds to achieve
If it is necessary to set the speed higher than 8000 seconds, one of the notches 8-1H is used. Also, 1/2
If it is necessary to set the speed lower than 1/2000 second to realize 000 seconds, one of the notches 8-1L is used.

FIGS. 12 and 13 are flowcharts showing the control of the present embodiment. Steps similar to those in FIGS. 9 and 10 are denoted by the same step numbers. After the magnets 15 and 16 are energized in step S12, a value corresponding to the target shutter speed among the past measured shutter speeds Tr is read from the storage device 48 as the shutter speed history Tc (step S13-1). Next, in step S13-2, when performing the shutter control this time, the correction value ΔT for the shutter time is set according to a program pre-installed in the CPU 46.
Is calculated based on the shutter speed history Tc.

Thereafter, if it is determined in step S13 that the current time is the high-speed shutter time, a time T1 for determining the release timing of the magnet 15 is obtained in the same manner as described above, and this T1 is corrected by ΔT to obtain a new T1. Are stored in the storage device 48 (step S14-1). On the other hand, in the case of the low-speed shutter time, a time T3 for determining the release timing of the magnet 16 is obtained, and this T3 is corrected by ΔT to obtain a new T3, which is stored in the storage device 48 (step S17-1). ). The above time T1
And T3 are times for determining the rear curtain drive timing. Correcting these with a correction value ΔT based on the actually measured value Tr enables an accurate shutter time to be realized.

After the magnet 15 is de-energized in step S21, the monitor element 37 is started to emit light in order to measure the shutter time (step S21-1), and the reflected light is received by the reflector 37a, ie, the reflected light is received. Wait for the rise of the light receiving section output of the monitor element 37 (step S21-
2). When the reflected light is detected, it is determined that the front curtain has passed, and the measurement of the measured value Tr is started (step S21-3). When the reflected light is not detected in step S21-4, that is, the light receiving unit of the monitor element 37 is detected. When the fall of the output is detected, it is determined that the trailing curtain has passed, and the timing is terminated (step S2).
3-2). Then, the light emission of the monitor element 37 is stopped (step S23-3), and the measured time is stored in the storage device 48 as an actual measurement value Tr at the time of the shutter (step S2).
3-4).

On the other hand, if the time T3 has elapsed before the determination in step S21-4 is affirmed, the process proceeds from step S22 to step S23, in which the energization of the rear curtain magnet 16 is canceled, and the same operation as in step S21-4 is performed. A determination (end of reflected light detection) is performed (step S23-1). Step S2
If 3-1 is affirmed, the process proceeds to step S23-2.

When the measured value Tr is stored, the magnet 1
6 is checked (step S23-5). If it has passed through step S23, the energization has already been released, and the processing from step S24 described above is performed. On the other hand, if the result in step S23-5 is affirmative, the energization has not yet been canceled, so that the energization is canceled after the elapse of the time T3 (steps S23-6, S23-7), and then the process proceeds to step S24. .

Third Embodiment A third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In the present embodiment, the release timing of the magnet 15 is determined in consideration of the environmental temperature. In other words, when the environmental temperature decreases, the rotational angular speed of the shutter time setting dial 8 changes, so that the claw 17b does not engage with the notch 8a corresponding to the target shutter time, and the desired shutter time may not be obtained. Therefore, the temperature sensor 39 (FIG. 2,
8) to detect the environmental temperature, and based on the temperature (corresponding to the correction parameter) and the target shutter time Tv, the rear curtain travel timing (the notch 8 for engaging the claw 17b).
Determine a). As a result, accurate shutter time can be realized irrespective of environmental temperature conditions. In this embodiment, a shutter time setting dial 8 'as shown in FIG. 11 is used.

FIG. 14 is a flowchart corresponding to FIG. 9 described above. Steps similar to those in FIG. 9 are denoted by the same step numbers. In step S12, the magnet 15,
After the power is supplied to the camera 16, the operating environment temperature of the camera, which is the detection result of the temperature sensor 39, is read (step S13-).
3). Next, in step S13-4, a correction value ΔT for the shutter time is calculated based on the use environment temperature in accordance with a program pre-installed in the CPU 46.

Thereafter, when it is determined in step S13 that the current time is the high-speed shutter time, a time T1 for determining the release timing of the magnet 15 is obtained in the same manner as described above, and this T1 is corrected by ΔT to obtain a new T1. Are stored in the storage device 48 (step S14-2). On the other hand, in the case of the low-speed shutter second, a time T3 for determining the release timing of the magnet 16 is obtained, and this T3 is corrected by ΔT to obtain a new T3, which is stored in the storage device 48 (step S17-2). ). Step S1
After S6, S17-2, the processing after step S18 in FIG. 10 is performed.

Fourth Embodiment A third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In the present embodiment, the release timing of the magnet 15 is determined in consideration of the number of past shutter releases. That is, when the number of shutter releases increases, the rotational angular speed of the shutter time setting dial 8 changes due to wear of parts, fatigue of springs, and the like, so that the pawl 17b engages with the notch 8a corresponding to the target shutter time. Therefore, there is a possibility that a desired shutter time may not be obtained. Thus, the number N of shutter releases is grasped, and the number N and the target shutter time T
v, the rear curtain running timing (the notch 8a with which the claw 17b is to be engaged) is determined. Thus, accurate shutter time can be realized regardless of the number of shutter releases. In this embodiment, a shutter time setting dial 8 'as shown in FIG. 11 is used.

FIG. 15 is a flowchart corresponding to FIG. 9 described above. Steps similar to those in FIG. 9 are denoted by the same step numbers. If it is determined in step S11 that the release switch SW47 is ON, the number N of shutter releases stored in the storage device 48 is counted up.
It is newly stored (step S11-1). Step S1
After energizing the magnets 15 and 16 with the storage device 48,
From the shutter release number N (step S1)
3-5) In accordance with a program pre-installed in the CPU 46, a correction value ΔT at the time of shutter release is calculated based on the number N of shutter releases.

Thereafter, if it is determined in step S13 that the current time is the high-speed shutter time, a time T1 for determining the release timing of the magnet 15 is obtained in the same manner as described above, and this T1 is corrected by ΔT to obtain a new T1. Are stored in the storage device 48 (step S14-2). On the other hand, in the case of the low-speed shutter second, a time T3 for determining the release timing of the magnet 16 is obtained, and this T3 is corrected by ΔT to obtain a new T3, which is stored in the storage device 48 (step S17-2). ). Step S1
After S6, S17-2, the processing after step S18 in FIG. 10 is performed.

In the above description, mechanical control is always performed when the target shutter time is shorter than the predetermined exposure time, and electric control is always performed when the target shutter time is longer than the predetermined exposure time. However, it may be configured such that both mechanical control and electric control can be performed within a certain range centered on the predetermined exposure time. For example, during continuous shooting, if the first one frame is mechanical control, mechanical control is performed on the second and subsequent frames as long as the target shutter time is within the above range, and conversely, the first one frame is electrically controlled. In this case, the electric control is performed for the second and subsequent frames as long as the target shutter time is within the above range. This can prevent frequent switching between mechanical control and electric control during continuous shooting.

In the above description, the shutter time setting member (high-speed shutter speed setting plate) is a rotating member, but this is not limited to a rotary type. Further, the configuration of the stop mechanism for positioning the contact portion of the shutter time setting member is not limited to the embodiment. Further, the contact portion may be integrated with the shutter time setting member.

[0064]

According to the present invention, the operation of the shutter time setting member is stopped at a timing corresponding to the target shutter time to position the contact portion of the rear curtain drive mechanism, and the position of the contact portion is determined. The rear curtain is driven by pressing the contact portion at a corresponding timing, and the shutter time is controlled mechanically. Therefore, even when the target shutter time is manually selected, the target shutter time is obtained by calculation ( AE control)
However, mechanical shutter control becomes possible. In particular, when the target shutter time is longer than the predetermined exposure time and is long, the contact portion is positioned at a position where it cannot be pressed (a position which does not contribute to the driving of the rear curtain), and the timing result of the electrical timing means is used. If the rear curtain is driven at an appropriate timing, automatic switching between mechanical control and electric control becomes possible. Moreover,
High-speed shutter time (mechanical, high-precision control can be realized)
Is controlled mechanically, and at low shutter speeds (electrical and highly accurate control is possible), it is controlled electrically,
High-precision control is possible over the entire shutter time.
According to the invention of claim 8, the rear curtain drive setting section is positioned according to the target shutter time, and the two types of rear curtain drive sections are switched according to the position of the rear curtain drive setting section. Type of rear curtain drive system (for example, mechanical and electric)
Can be automatically switched.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view showing a single-lens reflex camera according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic side view showing the internal configuration of the camera.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a part of a shutter control mechanism.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing another part of the shutter control mechanism and a shutter.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view showing a main part of FIG. 3;

FIG. 6 is a top view of a high-speed shutter speed setting plate.

FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a variation in control between a mechanical control shutter and an electric control shutter for each shutter time.

FIG. 8 is a block diagram of a control system of the camera.

FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing the operation of the first embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a flowchart following FIG. 9;

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing another embodiment of a high-speed shutter speed setting plate.

FIG. 12 is a flowchart showing the operation of the second embodiment.

FIG. 13 is a flowchart following FIG. 12;

FIG. 14 is a flowchart showing the operation of the third embodiment.

FIG. 15 is a flowchart showing the operation of the fourth embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 8 High-speed shutter speed setting plate 5 Control body 10 Setting plate hold key 11 Mechanical control cam 13 Mechanical control key 15, 16 Magnet 17 Shutter speed setting lever 18 Rear armature lever 19 Setting cam 20 Rear curtain release lever 21 Swing lever 22 First curtain Release lever 24 Rear curtain locking key 30 Front curtain 32 Rear curtain drive lever 34 Rear curtain drive arm 35 Rear curtain 46 CPU

──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) G03B 9/08 G03B 9/08 F 9/62 9/62 AB F Term (Reference) 2H002 CC01 CC09 CC10 EB00 FB81 FB84 HA02 JA02 2H081 AA28 AA31 CC52 CC53 CC54 CC57 CC58 2H082 BB02 BB12 BB23 BB24 BB26 BB27 BB32 BB33 BB34 BB35 BB36

Claims (9)

[Claims] 1. A shutter control device for controlling a shutter time by controlling a rear curtain drive timing after a front curtain drive, comprising: a shutter time setting member that mechanically operates upon shutter release; A stop mechanism that operates at a timing according to time and stops the operation of the shutter time setting member by the operation; and a contact portion positioned at a position corresponding to the operation stop timing of the shutter time setting member. A first curtain that drives the rear curtain in conjunction with the pressing of the positioned contact portion.
A shutter control device comprising: a rear curtain driving mechanism; and a pressing mechanism that contacts and presses the contact portion at a timing according to the position of the contact portion. A second rear curtain driving mechanism, wherein when the target shutter time is longer than a predetermined exposure time, the contact portion cannot contact the pressing mechanism. Controlling the operation timing of the stop mechanism so as to be positioned at the position, and driving the rear curtain by operating the second rear curtain drive mechanism at a timing according to the result of timing by the electric timing means. The shutter control device according to claim 1, wherein: 3. The apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a temperature sensor, and control means for controlling an operation timing of the stop mechanism based on an output of the temperature sensor and the target shutter time. 3. The shutter control device according to claim 1. 4. The apparatus further comprises: counting means for counting the number of shutter releases; and control means for controlling an operation timing of the stop mechanism based on an output of the counting means and the target shutter time. Claim 1 or 2
3. The shutter control device according to claim 1. 5. The shutter time setting member is provided with a plurality of engagement portions corresponding to a plurality of controllable shutter times, and the stop mechanism is engaged with any one of the engagement portions. The shutter control device according to claim 1, further comprising a stop engagement member that stops the shutter time setting member. 6. A timing setting means for setting an operation timing of the stop mechanism based on the target shutter time and a predetermined correction parameter, wherein the stop mechanism operates at a timing set by the timing setting means. The shutter time setting member includes an engagement portion corresponding to a shutter speed higher than the engagement portion corresponding to the highest controllable shutter speed, and an engagement portion corresponding to the lowest controllable shutter speed. The shutter control device according to claim 5, further comprising an engagement portion corresponding to a shutter speed on a lower speed side than the joint portion. 7. The target shutter time includes a value determined based on an output of a photometric unit that detects luminance of a subject, and a manually set value.
7. The shutter control device according to any one of claims 1 to 6. 8. A rear curtain drive setting unit that positions a rear curtain drive setting unit according to a target shutter time and drives a front curtain, and two types of rear curtain drive units. A shutter control device comprising: a rear curtain driving mechanism that switches which rear curtain driving section starts the rear curtain according to a position. 9. A first drive unit that drives the rear curtain at a timing according to a position of the rear curtain drive setting unit when the target shutter time is a short time equal to or shorter than a predetermined exposure time. When the target shutter time is longer than a predetermined exposure time for a long time, the rear curtain driving unit is driven at a timing according to the target shutter time regardless of the position of the rear curtain drive setting unit. 9. The shutter control device according to claim 8, further comprising a second rear curtain driving unit that drives the rear curtain.