JP2002267578A - Prime mover test equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Problem] The output of a prime mover is absorbed by a load motor,
In an engine testing apparatus for performing a performance test, braking is performed without supplying power to the load motor during emergency braking. SOLUTION: A load shaft 1 for connecting a prime mover and a load motor.
8 is provided with an emergency braking device 24. Emergency braking device 2
Reference numeral 4 denotes an annular braking liner 26 fixed to the base 14 and arranged coaxially with the load shaft 18. Also, the load shaft 18
, A guide 30 extending in the radial direction is fixed, and a braking member 28 is disposed slidably on the guide 30. During normal operation, the braking member 28 is held at a retracted position away from the braking liner 26 by the magnetic force of the electromagnet 34. At the time of emergency braking, power supply to the electromagnet 34 is cut off, and the braking member 28 moves to a position where it comes into contact with the braking liner 26 due to centrifugal force. Braking liner 26 and braking member 2
The braking is performed by the friction force of No. 8.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus for performing a performance test of a motor, and more particularly to an emergency braking of the apparatus.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In an apparatus for performing a performance test of a prime mover, particularly a test relating to an output, an output shaft of the prime mover is connected to a rotating electric machine serving as a load, and the rotating electric machine is used as a generator. When an abnormality occurs in the device, it is necessary to stop the device urgently. If the rotating electric machine is a permanent magnet electric machine, electric braking can be performed. However, a permanent magnet electric machine is relatively expensive, and an induction machine is used as a rotating electric machine when configuring a high-speed and high-accuracy device.

[0003]

When an induction machine is used as a rotating electric machine for a load, electric braking cannot be performed unless electric power is supplied from the outside. However, it is not preferable to supply power from the outside in a state where emergency braking must be performed.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problem, and an object of the present invention is to surely perform emergency braking in an emergency test apparatus for a motor.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the test apparatus for a motor of the present invention performs braking by mechanical means at the time of emergency braking. That is, braking is performed by a friction between an annular braking liner coaxially arranged and a braking member that rotates with the rotation of the load shaft, with respect to a load shaft that couples a load to an output shaft of the prime mover to be tested. The brake liner is fixed to a surface plate or the like on which the device is installed, and the brake member is movable between a position in contact with the brake liner and a retracted position away from the brake liner. During normal operation, the braking member is held at the retracted position so that no friction occurs between the braking member and the braking liner. When emergency braking is performed, the braking member is moved to the contact position, friction is generated by relative movement between the grounded braking liner and the braking member rotating in relation to the load shaft, and braking is performed. Do.

The movement of the braking member takes place along guide means which are fixed to the load shaft and extend in the radial direction. Preferably,
When the force for holding the braking member in the retracted position is released in a normal state, the braking member can move along the guide means by the centrifugal force acting on the braking member to reach the contact position.
In the abutment position, the braking member is pressed against the braking liner by centrifugal force, causing friction and generating a braking force.

The means for holding the braking member in the retracted position may be an electromagnet. By forming at least a part of the braking member from a paramagnetic material, the braking member is held at the retracted position by magnetic force. When emergency braking is performed, the power supplied to the electromagnet is cut off. The braking member that has lost the holding force moves to the contact position due to the centrifugal force.

Further, it is possible to provide a specific urging means for urging the brake member at the contact position toward the brake liner. The biasing means may be, for example, a spring.
Further, magnetic force can be used. Accordingly, a large braking force can be maintained even in a low speed range where the rotation speed of the braking member is reduced and the braking force is reduced.

[0009]

Embodiments of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as embodiments) will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG.
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of a test apparatus 10 for a prime mover. The prime mover to be tested is an electric motor 12 used for an electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle, and is supported by a stand 16 fixed on a surface plate 14. The output shaft of the motor 12 is connected to a load shaft 18, and the other end of the load shaft is connected to a load motor 22 via a torque sensor 20. The electric motor 12 used for an electric vehicle or the like includes:
Since the motor is operated at a high speed, the load motor 22 must be capable of performing torque control at a speed corresponding to the speed and with high accuracy. In the present embodiment, an induction motor is used as the load motor 22. Further, an emergency braking device 24 for performing emergency braking when an abnormality occurs is arranged.

FIGS. 2 to 4 are views showing the configuration of the emergency braking device 24. FIG. FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 are diagrams illustrating a state of the emergency braking device 24 when the test device 10 is performing a normal operation. 2 is a diagram viewed from the axial direction, and FIG. 3 is a diagram viewed from the radial direction. An annular braking liner 26 is arranged around the load shaft 18 so as to surround the load shaft 18. Brake liner 2
Numeral 6 is fixed on the surface plate 14 and is arranged such that the axis of the load shaft 18 and the axis of the ring shape coincide with each other. The brake member 28, the guide 30, and the holder 32 are arranged at positions substantially overlapping with the brake liner 26 in the axial direction. The holder 32 has a cylindrical shape in which the inner circumference and the outer circumference of the load shaft 18 fit each other.
4 are arranged. A guide 30 is provided upright from the holder 32 toward the outside in the radial direction. This guide 30
A slight gap is formed between the tip of the brake liner and the inner circumference of the brake liner 26. Further, a braking member 28 having an inner periphery shaped to fit into the outer periphery of the guide 30 is arranged on the guide 30. At least a part of the braking member 28 is formed of a paramagnetic material. The aforementioned electromagnet 34 is disposed so as to be buried near the root of the guide 30, and opposes when the braking member 28 is located on the innermost side on the guide 30.

As described above, FIGS. 2 and 3 show a state in which the test apparatus is normally operated, and the braking member 28 is not in contact with the braking liner 26, that is, has retracted. In position. In order to maintain this position, a power supply 38 is connected to the electromagnet 34 via a power supply line 36.
More electric power is supplied, and this magnetic force becomes a holding force of the braking member 28. Since the holder 32 rotates integrally with the load shaft 18, in order to supply power from the stationary power source 38 to the electromagnet 34, the power supply line 36 needs to be configured to supply power to the rotating body. . This can be realized by using a brush and a slip ring or a rotary transformer. In addition, any other method can be adopted as long as the method satisfies the above-mentioned necessity.

If any abnormality occurs during the operation of the test apparatus, the cutoff switch 40 provided on the power supply line 36 is opened automatically or manually, and the power supply to the electromagnet 34 is stopped. As a result, the braking member 28 that has lost the holding force can move the guide 3
It moves radially outward along 0 and reaches a position (contact position) where it contacts the brake liner 26.

FIG. 4 is a view showing a state where the braking member 28 has reached the contact position. The description of each member will be omitted by attaching the reference numerals used so far. Since the braking member 28 that has lost the holding force of the electromagnet 34 rotates together with the guide 30, the braking member 28 receives centrifugal force and contacts the braking liner 26. Since the brake liner 26 is fixed to the surface plate 14, the brake member 2 that rotates together with the brake liner 26 and the load shaft is provided.
8 move relative to each other, causing friction on the contact surface. This frictional force acts as a braking force and acts to stop the rotation of the load shaft 18. This braking force has no component in the direction of the load shaft 18 and acts only in the rotational direction. Therefore, during emergency braking, an increase in the load applied to a bearing or the like supporting the load shaft 18 and the like is prevented. In addition, during normal operation, since the brake liner 26 and the brake member 28 are separated, there is almost no loss at this time.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing another example of the emergency braking device. In the emergency braking device 42, the same components as those of the above-described device 24 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted. The emergency braking device 42 has a coil spring 44 disposed so as to wind around the guide 30. The coil spring 44 is in a compressed state so as to bias the brake member 28 at the contact position toward the brake liner 26.
During the normal operation of the test apparatus, the braking member 28 is driven by the magnetic force of the electromagnet 34, similarly to the emergency braking apparatus 24 described above.
Is held at the retracted position. This magnetic force is generated by the coil spring 4
4 is sufficient to hold the braking member 28 against the urging force.

When the power supply to the electromagnet 34 is cut off,
The braking member 28 is released and moves to the contact position. The normal force acting between the braking member 28 and the braking liner 26 is caused by the urging force of the coil spring 44 in addition to the centrifugal force. Therefore, a larger braking force can be obtained than when only the centrifugal force is used. Further, the centrifugal force is reduced due to the decrease in the rotation speed of the braking member 28, that is, the load shaft 18,
As the rotation speed decreases, the braking force also decreases.
Since the urging force of the coil spring 44 does not depend on the rotation speed, the emergency braking device 42 can generate a braking force even during low-speed rotation.

If the spring constants of the plurality of coil springs 44 vary, a radial load is generated on the load shaft 18, so that it is necessary to suppress this variation within an allowable range. It is also possible to use a type of spring other than a coil spring.

FIG. 6 is a view showing still another example of the emergency braking device. In the emergency braking device 46, the aforementioned device 2
The same components as those of No. 4 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted. In the emergency braking device 46, a permanent magnet 48 is disposed at a part of the braking member 28, a part facing the electromagnet 34. In this emergency braking device 46, the braking member 28
The permanent magnet 4 is attached to the electromagnet 34 in order to hold the
8 is supplied in the direction of suction. When emergency braking is performed, power is supplied to the electromagnet 34 in a direction to repel the permanent magnet 48. The repulsive force and the centrifugal force generate a vertical drag, and a braking force is generated. Since the braking force is generated by the repulsive force of the magnetic force other than the centrifugal force, the braking force is generated even at a low speed.

The coil spring 44 of the emergency braking device 42
However, the so-called sag occurs due to aging, and the urging force is reduced. However, the repulsive force due to the magnetic force does not occur as described above.

FIGS. 7 and 8 are views showing still another example of the emergency braking device. In the emergency braking device 50, the same components as those described above are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted. The braking member 52 of this device is
As in the above-described respective devices, they are arranged so as to be able to slide on a guide 30 that rotates together with the load shaft 18. Further, a protrusion 54 is provided on the outer periphery so as to surround the periphery. When the braking member 52 is in the retracted position as shown in FIG. 7, it is housed in the holder 60, and the hook 56 is engaged with the projection 54 to hold the braking member 52. Further, the coil spring 62 generates an urging force in a direction in which the braking member 52 is drawn into the holder 60, unlike the above-described device. At the time of emergency braking, the electromagnet 58
The hook 56 is rotated by this magnetic force to release the braking member 52 as shown in FIG. Then, due to centrifugal force, it comes into contact with the inner periphery of the brake liner 26,
A braking force is generated. When the load shaft 18 stops or moves at a low speed, the centrifugal force decreases, and the braking member 52 is housed in the holder 60 by the urging force of the coil spring 62.

In this example, the hook 56 is released by supplying power to the electromagnet 58.
Conversely, the hook 56 may be attracted so as to hold the braking member 52 when power is being supplied, and the power supply may be shut off to release the braking member 52 during emergency braking.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an outline of a test apparatus for a prime mover of the present embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a front view illustrating a configuration of a main part of the emergency braking device of the test apparatus, illustrating a state during normal operation.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the emergency braking device of FIG. 2 as viewed from a side.

4 is a diagram showing a state of the emergency braking device of FIG. 2 at the time of emergency braking.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing another configuration example of the emergency braking device.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing still another configuration example of the emergency braking device.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing still another configuration example of the emergency braking device.

8 is a diagram showing a state of the emergency braking device of FIG. 7 at the time of emergency braking.

[Explanation of symbols]

10 Test equipment for prime mover, 18 Load shaft, 24, 42,
46,50 emergency braking device, 26 braking liner, 28,
52 braking member, 30 guide, 32 holder, 34,
58 electromagnet, 38 power supply, 40 cutoff switch, 44
Coil spring.

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A test device for performing a performance test of a prime mover, comprising: a load means for applying a load to a prime mover; a load shaft connecting an output shaft of the prime mover with the load means; Emergency braking means for applying a braking force, wherein the emergency braking means is fixed to an installation surface of the test apparatus, and is an annular braking liner coaxially arranged with the load shaft; and A braking member that rotates with the brake liner and that can be located at a retracted position separated from the brake liner; and, during an emergency braking, the brake member moves from the retracted position to the contact position. A prime mover test device, comprising: a braking control unit configured to be in a contact position. 2. The test apparatus for a motor according to claim 1, wherein the braking control means is fixed to the load shaft, extends in a radial direction of the load shaft, and moves between the retracted position and the contact position of the braking member. Guide means for guiding the test device, holding means for holding the braking member in the retracted position during normal operation of the test apparatus, and release means for releasing the holding force of the holding means during emergency braking, wherein the holding force is The testing device for a motor, wherein the released braking member moves to a contact position along a guide means by centrifugal force. 3. The test apparatus for a motor according to claim 2, wherein the holding unit is an electromagnet, and the releasing unit is a switch that cuts off power supply to the electromagnet. A test apparatus for a motor, wherein a braking member is held at the retracted position, power is shut off by the switch at the time of emergency braking, and the braking member is moved to the contact position by centrifugal force. 4. The test apparatus for a motor according to claim 2, further comprising an urging means for urging the brake member at the contact position toward the brake liner.