JP2002265053A - Reducer for transport pipe - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Abstract] [Problem] When accommodating powder or granular material such as rice,
Provided is a speed reducer for a transport pipe capable of reducing the crushing of these powders. SOLUTION: A branch pipe 60 is drawn out of a first transport pipe 12 and an exhaust pipe 31 is drawn from a storage tank 18 of a rice mill 16. The branch pipe 60 is provided with a first flow control valve 64, and the exhaust pipe 31 is provided with:
Pressure gauge 66, orifice flow meter 68, and second flow control valve 7
0 is provided. Further, the instruments and the flow control valve are connected to the control means 72. If the speed reducer 30 is configured in this manner, the wind speed of the first transport pipe 12 can be obtained from the values from the instruments. If the wind speed exceeds a preset rice crushing rate, the first speed is determined. By adjusting the flow control valve 64 and the second flow control valve 70, it is possible to reduce the wind speed of the first transport pipe 12 and reduce the crushing rate of rice.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a speed reducer for a transport pipe, and more particularly to a speed reducer for a transport pipe suitable for transporting granular material such as rice using compressed air.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in a rice mill or a cooked rice factory, rice, which is supplied as granular material, is usually transported between devices by using a transport device such as a bucket conveyor, a lift, or a horizontal belt conveyor. Like that. However, in the above-described transport device, a bucket, a belt, a drive motor, and the like are required, and the device is increased in size, which makes assembly and installation extremely difficult. Furthermore, in these transport devices, since bran remains in the gaps between the conveyors, microorganisms such as molds may be generated, and insects or the like that eat the molds may collect, thereby losing the commercial value of rice and cooked rice. Was. In order to solve such a problem, it is necessary to frequently disassemble and clean the transport device, which raises a problem that maintenance costs rise.

From such a problem, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-3301
As disclosed in JP-A-51-56, JP-A-2-56255, and JP-A-52-20582, a method of transporting rice using air is known. In these methods, an air flow is generated in a pipe using a blower or a compressor, and the rice is transported by the air flow. If such pneumatic transportation is used, rice and air are transported in a pipe that is cut off from the outside, so that the problem of bran remaining on the way can be avoided.

[0004] Pneumatic transportation methods are generally classified into a high-pressure transportation method in which the pressure of supply air is set to 200 kPa (kilopascal) or more, and a low-pressure transportation method in which the pressure of supply air is kept low. In the transportation method, pressurized air blows through the transportation pipe at high speed at the end of transportation,
There is a possibility that rice moving in the pipe is extruded at a high speed and collides with the inner surface of the pipe to be crushed. For this reason, it is considered that a low-pressure transport system in which the pressure of supply air is kept low is suitable for transporting rice.

[0005]

However, the above-mentioned conventional transportation apparatus has the following problems. FIG.
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a main part on the terminal side of a conventional transport device. As shown in FIG. 1, a storage tank 3 is installed below the air transport pipe 2 at the end side of the transport device 1 using an air flow. The rice 4 transported by the pneumatic transport pipe 2 is stored in the storage tank 3. However, since the transport speed of the transported rice 4 is high, when the rice 4 passes through the corner portion 5, There is a problem that the rice collides with the outside 6 of the corner portion 5 and the rice 4 is crushed.

To solve this problem, it is conceivable to reduce the wind speed in the pipe. However, even in a low-pressure transport system in which the pressure of the supply air is kept low, the wind speed in the pipe is reduced by at least one.
In order to secure the transport volume of 0 m / s or more, and industrially necessary (necessary for production), the wind speed is 15 to 20 m / s.
s. In addition, since a pressure loss occurs in the routed pneumatic transport pipe 2, it was necessary to set the air pressure of the supply source to about 50 kPa in anticipation of this.

FIG. 4 is a graph showing the rice crushing rate versus the collision speed when rice collides at right angles to the wall surface. The inventor examined the relationship between the rice collision speed and the crushing rate in various ways, and as a result, found that as the rice collision speed increased, the crushing rate increased as shown in FIG. The wind speed generated in the air transport pipe 2 is 15 to 20 as described above.
Since it is set to about m / s, the crushing rate is about 20% in light of the figure, and there is a problem that a large amount of rice is wasted. The present invention focuses on the above-mentioned conventional problems, and provides a transport pipe speed reducer that can reduce the crushing of these granular materials when accommodating granular materials such as rice. Aim.

[0008]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, during transportation, the granular material is moved at a high speed to improve the transport efficiency, and the transport speed of the granular material is reduced at the end of the transport pipe. The present invention has been made based on the finding that if the powder is accommodated while suppressing the impact force applied to the powder, the crushing of the powder can be reduced.

That is, the transport pipe speed reducer according to the present invention draws out the branch pipe provided with the first flow control valve from the transport pipe that transports the granular material to the granular material storage section by the airflow. An exhaust pipe provided with a pressure measuring unit, a flow measuring unit, and a second flow regulating valve is attached to the granular material storage unit, and the pressure measuring unit is connected to the control unit connected to the pressure measuring unit and the flow measuring unit. And a calculation unit for obtaining the air flow rate in the exhaust pipe from the flow rate measurement means and calculating the wind speed of the transport pipe linked to the air flow rate, and the first flow rate based on the wind speed of the transport pipe calculated by the calculation unit. The control unit controls the opening and closing of the control valve and the second flow control valve, and includes a determination unit for keeping the wind speed of the transport pipe within a certain range.

In another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a speed reducer for a transport pipe, wherein the exposed surface of the pipe is located on the same plane as the inner surface of the transport pipe, the flow rate measuring means comprising: A branch pipe for branching the air flow is attached, and a flow control valve for adjusting a branch flow rate based on a value from the flow velocity measuring means is provided on the branch pipe, and the branch flow is increased or decreased by increasing or decreasing the branch flow rate. The transport speed of the granular material after passing through the pipe was reduced to an arbitrary speed.

[0011]

According to the speed reducer for a transport pipe according to the present invention, the exhaust pipe is drawn out of the granular material storage section attached to the end of the transport pipe. The exhaust pipe is provided with pressure measuring means and flow rate measuring means, and these measuring means are connected to the control means. Therefore, the air volume in the exhaust pipe can be calculated from the pressure measuring means and the flow rate measuring means provided in the exhaust pipe. Then, the calculation unit may obtain the wind speed in the transport pipe from the calculated air flow in the exhaust pipe. When the wind speed in the transport pipe is high with respect to a preset range, or conversely, low with respect to the range, the determination unit connected to the calculation unit determines whether the first flow control valve and the second flow control Adjust the degree of opening and closing of the valve to keep the wind speed in the transport pipe within a preset range. In this way, if the wind speed in the transport pipe can be freely controlled by the degree of opening and closing of the regulating valve, it is possible to prevent the particles from colliding with the inner wall of the pipe and crushing, and the particles from being clogged in the transport pipe can do.

According to another speed reducer for a transport pipe according to the present invention, in the present speed reducer, the flow velocity measuring means and the branch pipe are attached along the transport pipe. Here, the exposed surface in the pipe in the flow velocity measuring means is flush with the inner surface of the transport pipe, so that the flow velocity measuring means does not protrude inside the transport pipe. For this reason, the granular material moving in the pipe does not collide with the flow velocity measuring means, and crushing of the granular material can be prevented. In the flow rate measuring means,
What is necessary is just to measure the speed of the air flow flowing through the inside of the transport tube or the transport speed of the granular material.

By the way, since the transport pipe is provided with a branch pipe, when the airflow flowing through the transport pipe reaches a portion where the branch pipe is attached, a part of the air flows into the branch pipe. When the cross-sectional area of the passage of the airflow is enlarged by the installation of the branch pipe in this way, the speed of the airflow passing through the transport pipe decreases,
Along with this, the transport speed of the granular material also decreases.

The relationship between the measured flow velocity, the branch flow rate flowing to the branch pipe side, and the speed of the granular material after passing through the branch pipe is grasped in advance. Then, by comparing the flow rate measurement value with these relationships and adjusting the branch flow rate flowing to the branch pipe side by the flow control valve, the same operation as changing the expansion amount of the passage cross-sectional area can be obtained, and the The transportation speed can be reduced to an arbitrary speed.

[0015]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a configuration explanatory view of a cereal transport apparatus using the transport pipe speed reducer according to the present embodiment. As shown in the figure, the grain transport device 10 using the transport pipe speed reducer according to the present embodiment has a configuration in which transport pipes that make pneumatic transport are connected in several stages in series (the illustrated form is not shown). 3 steps). In the first transport pipe 12 on the upstream side of the apparatus 10, a blower 14 that enables air supply is provided at the start end side of the first transport pipe 12. By operating the blower 14,
An airflow toward the terminal side of the first transport pipe 12 is generated inside the first transport pipe 12.

In the first transport pipe 12, a blower 14
A plurality of first storage tanks 15 capable of storing rice as cereals immediately after the first storage tank 15 are connected. By supplying the rice from the first storage tank 15 to the first transport pipe 12, the rice is stored in the first storage tank 15.
The transport tube 12 is transported toward the terminal end. A rice mill 16 is provided at the end of the first transport pipe 12 to store rice transported in the first transport pipe 12 in the storage tank 18 and to store the rice in the storage tank 18.
The rice stored in the factory is to be milled. In addition, at the lower end of the rice mill 16, a rice supply port 22 for supplying milled rice to the start end side of the second transport pipe 20 is formed.

In the cereal transport apparatus 10, the transport pipe speed reducer 30 according to the present embodiment is provided upstream of the rice mill 16.
(Hereinafter, referred to as a reduction gear 30), and an exhaust pipe 31 provided with a flow control valve from the storage tank 18 constituting the rice mill 16 is provided. By the action of 31, the internal pressure of the first transport pipe 12 is released outside the pipe, and the transport speed of rice is reduced,
The collision energy when stored in the storage tank is reduced. Further, from the viewpoint of preventing rice crushing, the path of the first transport pipe 12 up to the rice mill 16 has a curvature set to at least 500R or more (preferably 1000R).
R) to prevent the rice from colliding into the tube at a steep angle.

A blower 24 is provided at the starting end of the second transport pipe 20 which is connected to the milled rice supply port 22 and is the next stage of the first transport pipe 12. Like the blower 14, the blower 24 is operated to generate an air flow toward the terminal end of the first transport pipe 20 inside the second transport pipe 20. A second end for storing the polished rice is provided at the rear end of the second transport pipe 20.
A plurality of storage tanks 26 are provided along the second transport pipe 20, and by appropriately switching a branch valve 28 provided at the mounting base of the second storage tank 26, an arbitrary second storage tank 26 is provided.
The storage tank 26 can store the rice after the rice polishing.

Below the second storage tank 26, a supply port for milled rice is formed.
The rice can be supplied to the transport pipe of the next stage following the next stage. Here, the configuration of the reduction gear transmission 30 will be described. As shown in FIG. 1, the reduction gear transmission 30 has a branch pipe 60 drawn out from the middle of the first transport pipe 12 and the exhaust pipe 31 described above, and opens and closes a flow control valve provided in these pipes. In order to adjust the speed of rice transport.

A pressure gauge 62 serving as a pressure measuring means is provided on the side of the branch pipe 60 constituting the speed reducer 30 in the middle thereof.
A flow control valve 64 is provided.
, A pressure gauge 66, an orifice flow meter 68 serving as flow rate measuring means, and a second flow control valve 70 are provided in this order. A control means 72 is provided outside the branch pipe 60 and the exhaust pipe 31 so that the opening / closing degree of the flow control valve can be adjusted based on the value from the measuring instrument. The control means 72 includes an operation unit 74 and a determination unit 76. A pressure gauge 66 and an orifice flow meter 68 provided in the exhaust pipe 31 are connected to the calculation section 74, and values from these instruments are input to the calculation section 74. If necessary, the value of the pressure gauge 62 provided in the middle of the branch pipe 60 may be taken in.

The calculation unit 74 first calculates the air volume in the exhaust pipe 31 from the values of the pressure gauge 66 and the orifice flow meter 68, and then calculates the first transport pipe 1 from the calculated air volume in the exhaust pipe 31.
The procedure for obtaining the wind speed in 2 is executed. In order to obtain the wind speed in the first transport pipe 12 from the air flow in the exhaust pipe 31, a calculation process such as dividing the air flow in the exhaust pipe 31 by the cross-sectional area of the first transport pipe 12 may be performed.

By performing such an arithmetic processing, the first transport pipe 12
After calculating the internal wind speed, the value of the wind speed is transmitted from the calculation unit 74 to the determination unit 76. The determination unit 76 is capable of determining whether the wind speed calculated by the calculation unit 74 is within an appropriate range, and when the wind speed is out of a preset range, the first flow control valve The degree of opening and closing of the second flow control valve 64 and the second flow control valve 70 is adjusted so that the wind speed falls within the range.

A procedure for putting rice 42 into the rice mill 16 using the grain transport device 10 having such a speed reduction device 30 will be described. First, the blowers 14 and 24 are operated,
An air flow is generated in the first and second transport pipes, and the rice 42 charged in the pipes is transported by the air flow.

After the air flow is generated in the pipe, the rice 42 is supplied to the first transport pipe 12 from an arbitrary first storage tank 15. When the rice 42 is supplied to the first transport pipe 12, the rice 42 is transported along the first transport pipe 12 and moves at a high speed toward the rice mill 16. However, the calculation unit 74 calculates the speed of the air flow for transporting the rice 42,
It is detected from the values of a pressure gauge 66 and an orifice flow meter 68 provided in the middle of the exhaust pipe 31, and the judgment unit 76 determines the first flow control valve 64 and the second flow control The degree of opening and closing of the valve 70 is adjusted. For this reason, the internal pressure of the first transport pipe 12 is released and the transport speed of the rice 42 after passing through the branch pipe 60 can be reduced to an arbitrary speed range, and the crushing rate of the rice 42 can be reduced.

The above-mentioned range of the transport speed sets the upper limit of the transport speed range in accordance with the crushing rate generated when the rice 42 collides with the inner wall of the pipe. What is necessary is just to set it so that it may not be clogged inside one transport pipe 12. In the above-described speed reducer 30, for example, if the first flow control valve 64 is fully closed, the air volume of the blower 14 passing through the first transport pipe 12 can be accurately grasped. Further, if the first flow control valve 64 is fully opened after the air flow of the blower 14 is grasped, the air flow passing through the first flow control valve 64 can be obtained, and these flow control valves are opened and closed. By measuring the flow rate, it is possible to improve the reduction gear transmission 30 itself and use it as a material for a new design.

In the present embodiment, the exhaust pipe 31 is drawn out of the storage tank 18 of the rice mill 16; however, the present invention is not limited to this embodiment, and another type of reduction gear may be applied. You may. FIG. 2 is an explanatory sectional view showing a structure of an application example of the reduction gear transmission according to the present embodiment. As shown in the figure, the speed reducer 78 is also provided in the first transport pipe 12 at a stage preceding the rice mill 16, similarly to the speed reducer 30.

In the speed reducer 78, the casing 32 surrounding the first transport pipe 12 in a circular shape and the branch pipe 3 drawn out of the casing 32 to the outside of the second transport pipe 20.
4 are provided. A plurality of openings 36 are formed on the surface of the first transport pipe 12 surrounded by the casing portion 32, and the upstream side (left side in the figure) of the first transport pipe 12 is formed.
The air flow 38 sent out from the casing is branched to the casing 32 through the opening 36. A net 40 having a mesh shape is attached to the opening 36, and the net 40 allows only the branch flow 44 from the air supply flow 38 to pass therethrough. The movement to the part 32 side is prevented. A flow control valve 46 is provided at the tip of the branch pipe 34, and the flow rate of the branch flow 44 can be set by adjusting the opening of the flow control valve 46.

On the upstream side of the casing section 32 in the first transport pipe 12, a pair of flow rate sensors 52 serving as flow rate measuring means are provided along the second transport pipe 20. From the distance, the velocity of the air flow passing inside the first transport pipe 12 can be measured. The inner surface of the flow rate sensor 52 is formed to be flush with the inner surface of the first transport pipe 12. For this reason, no projections or steps are formed inside the first transport pipe 12, and the rice 42
Does not collide with the flow rate sensor 52 even if the
Can be prevented from being crushed.

Here, a control means 48 is provided outside the casing 32, and the flow rate sensor 52 and the flow control valve 46 are connected to the control means 48 via a signal line 50. The control means 48 includes a measured value of the flow rate of the air flow 38 in the first transport pipe 12, a flow rate of the branch flow 44 flowing to the branch pipe 34, and rice 4 after passing through the branch pipe 34.
The relationship with the speed of No. 2 is recorded in advance. Then, the flow velocity measurement value of the air flow 38 by the flow velocity sensor 52 is compared with the recorded data, and if the branch flow rate flowing to the branch pipe 34 side is adjusted by the flow control valve 46, it is the same as changing the expansion amount of the passage cross-sectional area. Is obtained, and the transport speed of the rice 42 can be reduced to an arbitrary speed. Rice 4
Needless to say, the transport speed of 2 is reduced to a speed at which the rice 42 does not crush even if the rice 42 collides with a member (the rice polishing machine 16 in the present embodiment) provided at the subsequent stage of the speed reducer 78.

A procedure for putting rice 42 into the rice mill 16 using the grain transport device 10 having such a speed reducer 78 will be described. First, the blower 14 and the blower 24 are operated to generate an air supply flow in the pipe.
5 supplies the rice 42 to the first transport pipe 12. And the first
The rice 42 supplied to the transport pipe 12 is transported to the rice mill 16 side.

Rice 42 put into the first transport pipe 12
Is transported at a high speed by the operation of the blower 14. The flow velocity sensor 52 constantly detects the speed of the air flow for transporting the rice 42, and transmits this value to the control means 48. The control means 48, having received the flow rate value, controls the flow control valve 46 in accordance with the recorded data in order to reduce the speed of the rice 42 after passing through the speed reducer 78 to an arbitrary speed.
Adjust the opening of. By adjusting the opening of the flow control valve 46, the internal pressure of the second transport pipe 20 is released,
The air flow after the reduction gear 78 can be reduced to an arbitrary speed.

Thus, even if the rice 42 collides with the branch valve 28 attached to the second storage tank 26, the rice 42 can be prevented from being crushed due to the low collision speed. Most of the rice 42 can be stored in the storage tank 18.

[0033]

As described above, according to the present invention, the branch pipe provided with the first flow control valve is drawn out of the transport pipe for transporting the granular material to the granular material storage section by the airflow. An exhaust pipe provided with a pressure measuring unit, a flow measuring unit, and a second flow regulating valve is attached to the granular material storage unit, and the pressure measuring unit is connected to the pressure measuring unit and the control unit connected to the flow measuring unit. Means for calculating the air flow rate in the exhaust pipe from the means and the flow rate measuring means, and calculating the wind speed of the transport pipe linked to the air flow rate; and the first section based on the wind speed of the transport pipe calculated by the arithmetic section. Flow regulating valve and the second
The opening and closing control of the flow control valve is provided, and a determination unit is provided for keeping the wind speed of the transport pipe within a predetermined range, or the transport pipe that transports the granular material by the air flow has an exposed surface of the transport pipe. A flow rate measuring means located on the same plane as the inner surface, a branch pipe for branching the air flow is attached, and a flow control valve for adjusting a branch flow rate based on a value from the flow rate measuring means is attached to the branch pipe. Since the transport speed of the granular material after passing through the branch pipe is reduced to an arbitrary speed by increasing or decreasing the branch flow rate, when storing the granular material represented by rice or the like, It becomes possible to reduce the crushing of the granules.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration explanatory view of a cereal transport device using a transport pipe speed reducer according to the present embodiment.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory sectional view showing a structure of an application example of the reduction gear transmission according to the present embodiment.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a main part on the terminal side of a conventional transport device.

FIG. 4 is a graph showing the rice crushing rate versus the collision speed when rice collides at right angles to a wall surface.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... Transportation device, 2 ... Pneumatic transportation tube, 3 ... Storage tank, 4 ... Rice, 5 ... Corner part, 6 ... Outside, 10 ... Grain transportation device, 12 First transport pipe,
14 Blower, 15 First storage tank, 16
... rice mill, 18 ... storage tank, 20 ... second transport pipe, 22 ... rice polishing inlet, 24 ... blower, 26
……… Second storage tank, 28 …… Branch valve, 30 ……
Reduction gear, 31 ... Exhaust pipe, 32 ... Casing part, 34 ... Branch pipe, 36 ... Opening, 38 ...
Air flow, 40 ... net, 42 ... rice, 44 ...
Branch flow, 46 ... flow control valve, 48 ... control means,
50 signal line, 52 flow velocity sensor, 60
Branch pipe, 62 pressure gauge, 64 first flow control valve, 66 pressure gauge, 68 orifice flow meter,
70 second flow control valve 72 control means 74
..............

 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Akiyoshi Takahashi 537 Kamigongo, Matsudo-shi, Chiba F-term in Hitachi Plant Construction Machinery Engineering Co., Ltd. 3F047 AA13 AB02 AB06 3H025 CA04 CB34

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A branch pipe provided with a first flow rate control valve is drawn out of a transport pipe for transporting a granular material to a granular material storage portion by an air flow, and a pressure measuring means is provided in the granular material storage portion. An exhaust pipe provided with a flow measuring means and a second flow regulating valve is attached, and the pressure measuring means and the control means connected to the flow measuring means are connected to the control means connected to the pressure measuring means and the flow measuring means. A calculating unit that calculates a wind speed of the transport pipe that is determined in accordance with the wind volume, and that calculates the wind speed of the transport pipe calculated by the calculating unit, the first flow rate adjusting valve and the second flow rate adjusting valve; A transmission pipe speed reduction device provided with a determination unit for performing opening / closing control and keeping a wind speed of the transportation pipe within a predetermined range. 2. A transport pipe for transporting granular material by an air flow, a flow velocity measuring means having an inner surface exposed on the same plane as the inner surface of the transport pipe, and a branch pipe forming a branch of the air flow. The branch pipe is provided with a flow control valve for adjusting the branch flow rate based on the value from the flow velocity measuring means, and by increasing or decreasing the branch flow rate, the transport speed of the granular material after passing through the branch pipe is arbitrary. A speed reducer for a transport pipe, characterized in that the speed is reduced to a maximum speed.