JP2002263099A - X-ray equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [PROBLEMS] In an X-ray imaging apparatus for imaging an affected part of a patient placed on a top plate, an operator directly touches a scattered X-ray removal grid and corrects a direction in which the grid is stretched every time during imaging. To provide an X-ray imaging apparatus capable of improving the contrast of an image of an affected part without obtaining the X-ray image and having a high diagnostic value. An X-ray imaging apparatus for imaging an affected part of a patient placed on a top plate has a grid plate for removing scattered X-rays in front of an X-ray image recording / reading device in the X-ray irradiation direction. The grid direction changing ring 22 is arranged rotatably. Therefore, in consideration of the scanning direction of the scanner in the X-ray image recording / reading apparatus 20 to be used, the direction in which the grid is extended can be freely set at the time of photographing and can be freely changed.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an X-ray photographing apparatus for photographing an affected part of a patient placed on a tabletop.
The present invention relates to an X-ray imaging apparatus capable of improving the contrast of an image of an affected part and obtaining an X-ray image with high diagnostic value.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art It has long been practiced to take an X-ray image of an affected part generated in a human body and to give an appropriate treatment to the human body based on the projected image. In addition, devices having various structures have conventionally been used for X-ray photography of a human body. For example, an upright stand for taking a picture with a human standing, a supine for taking a picture with the human body lying on a top plate placed on a horizontal surface, a floating table type supine where the top plate can be moved by human power in the horizontal direction, There are various types such as an elevating table-type bed on which the board can move up and down in addition to the horizontal direction, and an up-down inclined bed on which the top plate is inclined.

[0003] In the above-described x-ray radiography apparatus, when taking a patient in a supine position, the patient is supine on a tabletop horizontally placed on an imaging table, and the x-ray irradiator is placed on the upper surface of the affected part of the patient. For those that can move the top plate on which the patient is placed, move the top plate, position the affected part directly below the X-ray irradiator, irradiate the affected part with X-rays, and transmit X-rays transmitted through this. Irradiation is performed on a fluorescent plate accommodated in a cassette or a bucky disposed on the lower surface of the top plate, a fluoroscopic image is formed on the fluorescent plate, and this image is exposed to an X-ray film to obtain a fluoroscopic image of a human body.

The X-ray irradiator is usually separated from the imaging table, and is attached to a main column erected on a portable transport device so as to be movable up and down. The patient is placed in close proximity, fixed at an appropriate position on the main column, and the affected part is photographed.

[0005]

The X-rays emitted from the X-ray irradiating device at the time of photographing, when passing through a subject, that is, a human body, generate scattered rays due to the interaction between the X-rays and the human body. Decrease the contrast of the detected X-ray image. In order to prevent the decrease in contrast, a grid for removing scattered X-rays is used. This scattered X-ray removal grid alternates foil pieces with large X-ray absorption and foil pieces of intermediate material with small X-ray absorption,
In addition, the structure is arranged exactly, and the image is taken by placing it in front of the X-ray film. In addition, the structure and the method of use of the grid for scattered X-ray removal are well-known, for example,
It is shown in 1962 JISZ4910 and the like. Also,
A technique of vibrating a scattered X-ray removing grid in order to improve contrast during imaging is also well known.

Incidentally, in the diagnostic X-ray system, in order to obtain a photographed image, a photographing method based on an S / F method combining a fluorescent screen and an X-ray film has conventionally been the mainstream. With great development, a digital image diagnostic apparatus for digitally processing an image obtained by X-ray transmission of an affected part has started to be put into practical use. This digital image diagnostic apparatus, for example, moves an image film obtained by developing a photographed film in one direction, and moves an optical scanner that captures image data of a small area in a direction perpendicular to the moving direction. (Scan) to obtain one digital image data. Also, instead of a combination of a fluorescent screen for obtaining a photographed image and an X-ray film, an imaging plate (I
・ P) is arranged, and while the IP is moved in one direction, the laser light spot of a small size is reciprocated in a direction perpendicular to the moving direction, so that the entire surface of the IP is sequentially irradiated with the laser light spot. There is also a diagnostic X-ray system that uses a scanner that scans, collects the light emitted at each point with a light guide, and converts it to an electric signal with a photomultiplier tube, and converts the image obtained over the entire IP into a digital electric signal. is there.

By the way, in the various diagnostic X-ray systems as described above, as long as an image on a film obtained by combining a fluorescent screen and an X-ray film photographed by disposing a scattered X-ray removal grid is visually observed, There are no grid stripes extending in one direction. However, when digital image data is obtained by scanning this image by the optical scanner as described above or by scanning the image on the IP by the scanner,
When the scanning direction of the scanner matches the direction of the grid lines, moire fringes appear on the image reproduced from the obtained digital image data, and the image turns into a malicious screen that cannot be used for accurate diagnosis. In order to avoid such inconveniences, at present, the scanning direction of a scanner built in a digital image diagnostic apparatus is checked in advance, and the digital camera is installed in a grid for removing scattered X-rays superimposed on an image film or an IP. The direction in which the grid lines are stretched is manually changed so that the scanning direction of the scanner does not match the direction of the grid lines. However, since such an operation is performed by the operator for each photographing operation, an operation error is continually caused, resulting in a medical error.

An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned conventional inconveniences. An object of the present invention is to provide an X-ray photographing apparatus for photographing an affected part of a patient placed on a tabletop, wherein an operator uses a scattered X-ray every time an image is photographed. Without touching the removal grid directly to correct the grid orientation,
An object of the present invention is to provide an X-ray imaging apparatus capable of improving the contrast of an image of an affected part and obtaining an X-ray image with high diagnostic value.

[0009]

In order to achieve the object of the present invention as described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an X-ray imaging apparatus for imaging an affected part of a patient placed on a top plate. A top plate on which a subject is placed for obtaining a fluoroscopic image by X-rays radiated from an X-ray irradiator, a top plate support table for horizontally supporting the top plate, and a top plate support table X-ray image recording / reading device, a grid direction changing ring provided rotatably between the X-ray image recording / reading device and the top plate, and having an X-ray passing hole in the center, and an X-ray passing hole of the grid direction changing ring. And a grid plate for removing scattered X-rays attached. According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided an X-ray imaging apparatus according to the first aspect, wherein the grid direction changing ring is rotated by a driving motor provided around the ring. . According to a third aspect of the present invention, in addition to the first aspect, the grid direction changing ring is manually rotated by a handle connected to the grid direction changing ring via a worm gear. provide. According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the X-ray imaging apparatus according to the first aspect, wherein the X-ray image recording and reading apparatus is a bucky or a cassette loaded with a photographic film. According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the first aspect, the X-ray image recording and reading apparatus is an I.
X is provided.

[0010]

Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described.
This will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a plan view of an X-ray imaging apparatus according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a front view thereof, and FIG.
Is a side view. This X-ray imaging apparatus is an X-ray imaging apparatus of a type in which a top board can be freely moved in an X direction or a Y direction on an imaging table. However, since such an apparatus is well known, the structure of a rolling plate and its description are simple. It is assumed that The X-ray imaging apparatus 1 has a top plate 2 and an elevation drive unit 3 that supports the top plate 2 and drives the same in the vertical direction. Elevating drive unit 3
On the upper surface of the top support 4 provided on the top, top supports 5 and 6 are provided, and the top support 5
One of the top supports 6 is fixed to the top support 4 and the other supports the top support 5 itself having the top 1 movably in the Y direction. .

The periphery of the elevation drive unit 3 is covered with a bellows 7. Inside the bellows 7, between the top support 4 and the lower substrate 8, an arm 10 rotatably supported at one end by the top support 4 and the other end slidable on the base 8, One end of the arm 9 is rotatably supported on the substrate 8, and the other end of the arm 9 is slidable on the top support 4.
Intersect in an X-shape and are axially supported at the intersection 11, and are provided between the intersection 11 and the substrate 8, and the arms 9, 1
Telescopic drive 1 for changing the crossing angle of 0
2 is built in as a mechanism for moving the top support 4 up and down.

A bucky holding body 21 is provided on the top support 4 to hold a bucky 20 as an X-ray image recording and reading apparatus containing an X-ray film, so that the bucky 20 can be freely taken in and out. The bucky 20 can rotate together with the bucky holder 21 at an angle of about 30 degrees. This structure is described in detail in Japanese Utility Model Registration No. 2107205. A grid direction change ring 22 is provided on the upper surface of the bucky holder 21. The grid direction changing ring 22 has a disk shape as shown in FIG. At the center of the grid direction changing ring 22, an X-ray transmitting hole 23 formed in a square is provided.
Inside the X-ray transmission hole 23, a grid plate 25 is provided.
Is attached. The size of the vertical and horizontal sides of the grid plate 25 provided in the scattered X-ray removing grid plate 24 is longer than the lengths of the vertical and horizontal sides of any X-ray film that can be accommodated in the bucky 20. In FIGS. 1 to 3, reference numeral 25 denotes a handle attached to the bucky 20.

As is clear from FIGS. 1 and 5, the grid direction changing ring 22 is supported by four rollers 26. The roller 26 is rotatably held on the top support 4. A groove 27 is provided in the side wall of the roller 26 as shown in FIG. 5, and the periphery of the grid direction changing ring 22 fits into the groove 26.
Therefore, the grid direction changing ring 22 rotates on the top support 4. A drive motor 28 for rotating the grid direction change ring 22 is mounted on the top support 4 near the periphery of the grid direction change ring 22. Drive motor 2
A pinion roller 29 made of rubber is attached to the tip of the rotation shaft 8. The periphery of the pinion roller 29 is in contact with the lower surface of the periphery of the grid direction changing ring 22, and when the drive motor 28 rotates, the pinion roller 29 also rotates to rotate the grid direction changing ring 22.

An electromagnetic brake 30 is mounted on the top support 4 below the periphery of the grid direction changing ring 22. When the electromagnetic brake 30 is not energized, the brake plate protrudes and presses the lower surface of the periphery of the grid direction changing ring 22 to apply a brake, thereby stopping the grid direction changing ring 22. Also, when power is supplied to rotate this, the brake plate retracts and the rotation of the grid direction changing ring 22 is allowed. As shown in FIG. 2, the end of the bucky holder 21 is provided with a grid direction changing ring 22.
Is provided with an operation switch 31 for rotationally driving the
When this switch is turned on, the electromagnetic brake 30 is energized to move the brake away from the grid direction changing ring 22, and the drive motor 28 is driven to rotate the grid direction changing ring 22.

A rotational position reading sensor 32 for detecting the rotational position of the grid direction changing ring 22 is provided on the outer peripheral edge of the grid direction changing ring 22. A positioning mark such as a slit that can be read by the rotation position reading sensor 32 is provided on the outer peripheral wall surface of the grid direction changing ring 22. As for the positioning mark, the grid line is
The rotation position reading sensor 32 detects, for example, one positioning mark at the same time at the position coincident with the longitudinal direction of the top plate 1. Read sensor 32
For example, two positioning marks are detected at the same time.

On the other hand, although not shown, a small door is provided in the vicinity of the operation switch 31, and a position setting switch for stopping the grid line at a position parallel or orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the top plate is provided therein. Is provided, in advance, when using the X-ray imaging apparatus according to the present invention, taking into account the scanning direction of the scanner of the digital diagnostic imaging apparatus used in combination with this, to set "orthogonal" or "parallel" deep. Then, when the operation switch 31 is turned on, an operation signal is sent to the rotation position reading sensor 32 soon, and the reading of the positioning mark becomes possible. When the rotation position reading sensor 32 detects the position mark and the detection signal matches a preset “orthogonal” or “parallel”, the rotation of the grid direction change ring 22 stops,
By the action of the electromagnetic brake 30, the grid direction changing ring 2
2 is fixed.

In the above-described embodiment, the grid direction changing ring 22 is rotated by an electric driving force. However, on the front side of the X-ray imaging apparatus according to the present invention, the grid direction changing ring 22 is provided on the upper surface of the top support 4. A handle for manually rotating the change ring 22 is provided, and a pinion roller for rotating the top plate via a worm gear mechanism is provided at the tip of the handle, and the grid direction change ring 22 is usually electrically driven. When rotating, the pinion roller is separated from the lower surface of the grid direction changing ring 22 by a switching plate, and when manually rotating with the grid direction changing ring 22, the pinion roller is moved to the lower surface of the grid direction changing ring 22 by the switching plate. The pinion roller 29 provided at the tip of the drive motor 28 Grid direction changing ring means 22
Is configured to be separated from the lower surface of the.

In order to rotate the grid direction changing ring 22 by manual operation, a pinion roller provided at the tip of a handle which is manually rotated by the switching board is brought into contact with the lower surface of the grid direction changing ring 22. Then, the handle is rotated to rotate the grid direction change ring 22. Then, when the rotation position reading sensor 32 detects the position mark and the detection signal coincides with the preset “orthogonal” or “parallel”, the rotation of the steering wheel is stopped. Since the handle and the grid direction changing ring 22 are connected by a worm gear mechanism, the grid direction changing ring 22 is not rotated unless the handle is rotated.
Does not rotate and the brake is applied.

In the above embodiment, the rotation position of the grid direction change ring is detected at every 90-degree rotation angle. However, this is detected by a well-known angle detection device, for example, at every 1-degree rotation angle. It can also be configured to do so.
Furthermore, the X-ray image recording / reading apparatus is not limited to a bucky or an IP containing an X-ray film, but can be replaced with, for example, an image intensifier.

Although the present invention has been described with reference to the above embodiment, various modifications and applications are possible within the scope of the present invention, and these modifications and applications are excluded from the scope of the present invention. is not.

[0021]

As described in detail above, the present invention provides
A grid direction change ring with a grid plate for removing scattered X-rays is arranged rotatably in front of the X-ray image recording / reading device with respect to the X-ray irradiation direction, so the scanner scanning direction in the X-ray image recording / reading device to be used is considered. Thus, the direction in which the grid is stretched can be freely set at the time of shooting, and can be freely changed.

Further, there is a case where an X-ray image recording / reading apparatus is used for photographing while tilting the X-ray image recording / reading apparatus with respect to the longitudinal direction of the top plate. In such a case, the stop position of the grid direction changing ring is set with respect to the longitudinal direction of the top plate. If a free angle can be set as well as a position that is parallel or perpendicular, the direction in which the grid lines are stretched can be perpendicular to the scanning direction of a scanner in an X-ray image recording and reading apparatus that is always used.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view of an X-ray imaging apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front view of the X-ray imaging apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a side view of the X-ray imaging apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a plan view of a grid direction changing ring according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a grid direction changing ring according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1. X-ray photographing device 2. Top plate 3. Elevating drive unit 4. Top plate support base 5. Support base 6. Supporting stand 7 ... bellows 8 ... board 9 ... arm 10 ... arm 11 ... intersection 12 ... drive device 20 ... ································································································ Handle 26 Roller 27 Groove drive motor 29 Pinion roller 30 Electromagnetic brake 31 Operation switch 32・ Rotation position reading sensor

 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Yasuaki Obayashi 1-7-10 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo F-term in Obayashi Corporation (reference) 4C093 AA03 AA28 CA04 EB04 EB05 EB25 EB26

Claims (5)

[Claims] An X-ray photographing apparatus for photographing an affected part of a patient placed on a top plate, a top plate on which a subject to be photographed for obtaining a fluoroscopic image by X-rays emitted from the X-ray irradiation device is provided. A top support that horizontally supports the top, an X-ray image recording / reading device disposed on the top support, and a rotatably provided center between the X-ray image recording / reading device and the top. An X-ray imaging apparatus comprising: a grid direction changing ring provided with an X-ray passing hole; and a scattered X-ray removing grid plate attached to the X-ray passing hole of the grid direction changing ring. 2. The X-ray imaging apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said grid direction changing ring is rotated by a drive motor provided around the ring. 3. The X-ray imaging apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the grid direction changing ring is manually rotated by a handle connected to the ring via a worm gear. 4. An X-ray imaging apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said X-ray image recording and reading apparatus is a bucky or a cassette loaded with a photographic film. 5. An X-ray image recording and reading apparatus according to claim 1, wherein
The X-ray imaging apparatus according to claim 1, wherein