JP2002260708A - Fuel cell laminated structure - Google Patents
Fuel cell laminated structureInfo
- Publication number
- JP2002260708A JP2002260708A JP2001055947A JP2001055947A JP2002260708A JP 2002260708 A JP2002260708 A JP 2002260708A JP 2001055947 A JP2001055947 A JP 2001055947A JP 2001055947 A JP2001055947 A JP 2001055947A JP 2002260708 A JP2002260708 A JP 2002260708A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- unit cell
- cell stack
- upstream
- reaction gas
- fuel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Landscapes
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、電解質層を挟んで
外側に燃料電極および酸化剤電極を配置するとともに、
各電極の外側にセパレータを配置して単位セルを構成
し、単位セルを軸方向に沿って列状に配置し、一つの列
状体としてまとめたスタックとしての燃料電池積層構造
体に関する。The present invention relates to a fuel cell system comprising a fuel electrode and an oxidant electrode disposed outside with an electrolyte layer interposed therebetween.
The present invention relates to a fuel cell laminated structure as a stack in which a unit cell is formed by arranging a separator outside each electrode, and the unit cells are arranged in a row along the axial direction, and are arranged as one row.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来、燃料の持つエネルギを電気エネル
ギに変換する装置として燃料電池がよく知られている。
燃料電池には、幾つかのタイプのものが稼動または開発
中であるが、その中でも構造がコンパクトで高出力密度
が得られ、かつ簡易な運転システムの固体高分子電解質
型燃料電池が、最近、注目されている。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a fuel cell is well known as a device for converting energy of fuel into electric energy.
Several types of fuel cells are in operation or under development. Among them, solid polymer electrolyte fuel cells with a compact structure, high power density, and a simple operation system have recently been developed. Attention has been paid.
【０００３】固体高分子電解質型燃料電池は、固体高分
子電解質層を挟み、それぞれに触媒を被着させた燃料電
極および酸化剤電極を備え、燃料電極に水素を含む燃料
ガスを、また、酸化剤電極に例えば空気等の酸化剤ガス
をそれぞれ供給して発電を行う発電機である。[0003] A solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell includes a fuel electrode and an oxidant electrode each having a solid polymer electrolyte layer sandwiched between them and a catalyst deposited thereon, and the fuel electrode contains a fuel gas containing hydrogen and an oxidant. This is a power generator that generates power by supplying an oxidizing gas such as air to each of the agent electrodes.
【０００４】その際、水素は、燃料電極で酸化され、ま
た水素イオンは固体高分子電解質を通って酸化剤電極に
移動する。そして、酸化剤電極は、供給された酸化剤ガ
スと移動してきた水素イオンが反応して水を生成する。At that time, hydrogen is oxidized at the fuel electrode, and hydrogen ions move to the oxidant electrode through the solid polymer electrolyte. The oxidant electrode reacts with the supplied oxidant gas and the transferred hydrogen ions to generate water.
【０００５】また、その際に発生した電子は、外部回路
を流れる間に電気エネルギとなって発電を行う。なお、
固体高分子電解質型燃料電池では、燃料電極に燃料ガス
を、また、酸化剤電極に酸化剤ガスをそれぞれ供給する
とき、各ガスを電池の作動温度に近い露点に加湿し、固
体高分子電解質の伝導性を高く維持させている。The electrons generated at that time become electric energy while flowing through an external circuit to generate power. In addition,
In a solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell, when a fuel gas is supplied to the fuel electrode and an oxidant gas is supplied to the oxidant electrode, each gas is humidified to a dew point close to the operating temperature of the cell, and the solid polymer electrolyte is oxidized. High conductivity is maintained.
【０００６】[0006]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】ところで、固体高分子
電解質型燃料電池も含めて従来の燃料電池プラントで
は、原燃料として、例えばクロルアルカリ製造や化学工
業での副生物として生成される純水素の使用も検討され
ているが、長期供給の安定化、コストの低価格を維持す
ることができないため、天然ガスやプロパンに専ら依存
している。このため、燃料電池プラントでは、改質器や
一酸化炭素変成器等を備え、燃料に含まれる水素をリッ
チに改質させて発電出力密度を高めるとともに、改質器
の加熱源として電池内で未反応の水素ガスを利用してい
る。In a conventional fuel cell plant including a solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell, pure hydrogen produced as a by-product in, for example, chloralkali production or the chemical industry is used as a raw fuel. Although its use is being considered, the company relies exclusively on natural gas and propane because it cannot stabilize long-term supply and keep costs low. For this reason, the fuel cell plant is equipped with a reformer, a carbon monoxide converter, etc., to reform the hydrogen contained in the fuel to increase the power generation output density, and as a heating source for the reformer inside the battery. Unreacted hydrogen gas is used.
【０００７】しかし、未反応の水素ガスを改質器の加熱
源に使用し、エネルギの有効活用を図るにしろ、本来、
発電に直接寄与すべき水素ガスが利用されていないこと
を考えると水素ガスの利用率が悪く発電効率の低下の要
因になっていた。However, even though unreacted hydrogen gas is used as a heating source of the reformer to effectively use energy,
Considering that hydrogen gas, which should directly contribute to power generation, was not used, the utilization rate of hydrogen gas was poor, which was a factor in lowering power generation efficiency.
【０００８】また、未反応の水素ガスを電池に供給する
際、例えば特開平９−２５９９１２号公報、特開平１−
２６０３８６号公報等に示されたポンプ、コンプレッ
サ、エジェクタを用いてリサイクルを図っているよう
に、一見みえるけれども、消費動力を考えると熱効率の
向上に寄与していない。In supplying unreacted hydrogen gas to a battery, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Nos. 9-259912 and
Although it seems at first glance that recycling is performed using a pump, a compressor, and an ejector disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 260386, it does not contribute to improvement in thermal efficiency in view of power consumption.
【０００９】一方、反応ガスの利用率を向上させる技術
として、例えば特公昭６２−２３４３４号公報等があ
る。この技術は、列状に配置した単位セルを一つにまと
めた積層構造体を第１積層構造体と第２積層構造体とに
区分けし、第１積層構造体の単位セルの数を第２積層構
造体の単位セルの数よりも１つ以上多くする一方、各積
層構造体の反応ガスの流路幅を、その入口側よりも出口
側を狭くしたものである。On the other hand, as a technique for improving the utilization rate of the reaction gas, there is, for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 62-23434. This technology divides a stacked structure in which unit cells arranged in a row into one into a first stacked structure and a second stacked structure, and reduces the number of unit cells in the first stacked structure to a second stacked structure. While the number of unit cells is one or more than the number of unit cells in the multilayer structure, the flow width of the reaction gas in each multilayer structure is narrower on the outlet side than on the inlet side.
【００１０】この技術は、各積層構造体の出口側の流路
幅を狭くし、反応ガスの濃度を高くしているので、反応
ガスの利用率を向上させることができ、発電にとって好
都合である。According to this technique, since the width of the flow path on the outlet side of each laminated structure is reduced and the concentration of the reaction gas is increased, the utilization rate of the reaction gas can be improved, which is convenient for power generation. .
【００１１】しかし、この構造の燃料電池では、積層構
造体に反応ガスを供給するマニホールドの構造が複雑で
あり、また、反応ガス流路を形成するセパレータの構造
も複雑になり、コスト高を招き、さらにマニホールドの
シール性を充分に確保できない等の種々の問題があっ
た。However, in the fuel cell having this structure, the structure of the manifold for supplying the reaction gas to the laminated structure is complicated, and the structure of the separator forming the reaction gas flow path is also complicated, resulting in high cost. Further, there have been various problems such as a failure to sufficiently secure the sealing property of the manifold.
【００１２】本発明は、このような背景技術に照らして
なされたものであり、構造をシンプルにして反応ガスの
流れを単純化させ、かつ反応ガスの利用率をより一層向
上させた燃料電池積層構造体を提供することを目的とす
る。The present invention has been made in light of such background art, and has a fuel cell stack with a simplified structure, a simplified flow of a reaction gas, and a further improved utilization rate of the reaction gas. It is intended to provide a structure.
【００１３】[0013]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明に係る燃料電池積
層構造体は、上述の目的を達成するために、請求項１に
記載したように、固体高分子電解質を挟んで一側に燃料
電極を配置し、他側に酸化剤電極を配置するとともに、
各電極の外側にセパレータを配置した単位セルを軸方向
に沿って列状に配置して単位セル積層体に構成した燃料
電池積層構造体において、前記単位セル積層体を上流側
単位セル積層体と下流側単位セル積層体とに区分けし、
区分けした前記上流側単位セル積層体と前記下流側単位
セル積層体とのそれぞれをケーシングに収容して区画す
る隔離板を備えるとともに、前記上流側単位セル積層体
および下流側単位セル積層体のそれぞれの縁端側の両側
に前記ケーシングの軸線と平行に入口側マニホールドと
出口側マニホールドとを備えたものである。In order to achieve the above object, a fuel cell laminated structure according to the present invention has a fuel electrode on one side with a solid polymer electrolyte interposed therebetween. And the oxidant electrode on the other side,
In a fuel cell laminate structure in which unit cells each having a separator disposed outside each electrode are arranged in a row along the axial direction to form a unit cell laminate, the unit cell laminate is an upstream unit cell laminate. Divided into downstream unit cell stacks,
Each of the divided upstream unit cell stack and the downstream unit cell stack is provided with a separator that is accommodated in a casing and partitioned, and each of the upstream unit cell stack and the downstream unit cell stack is provided. The inlet side manifold and the outlet side manifold are provided on both sides on the edge side of the casing in parallel with the axis of the casing.
【００１４】また、本発明に係る燃料電池積層構造体
は、上述の目的を達成するために、請求項２に記載した
ように、隔離板は、上流側単位セル積層体の出口側マニ
ホールドと下流側単位セル積層体の入口側マニホールド
とを連通させる通路孔を備えたものである。In order to achieve the above object, in the fuel cell laminated structure according to the present invention, the separator is provided between the outlet side manifold of the upstream unit cell laminated body and the downstream side. It is provided with a passage hole communicating with the inlet side manifold of the side unit cell laminate.
【００１５】また、本発明に係る燃料電池積層構造体
は、上述の目的を達成するために、請求項３に記載した
ように、隔離板は、カーボン材およびカーボン粉末に樹
脂を加えた混合材のうち、いずれか一方で作製したもの
である。According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a fuel cell laminated structure including a carbon material and a mixed material obtained by adding a resin to carbon powder. Of these, one of them was produced.
【００１６】また、本発明に係る燃料電池積層構造体
は、上述の目的を達成するために、請求項４に記載した
ように、上流側単位セル積層体の出口側マニホールド、
隔離板の通路孔および下流側単位セル積層体の入口側マ
ニホールドのうち、少なくとも一方には多孔質体を収容
したものである。According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a fuel cell laminated structure according to the present invention, wherein the outlet side manifold of the upstream unit cell laminated body is provided.
At least one of the passage hole of the separator and the inlet side manifold of the downstream unit cell stack contains a porous body.
【００１７】また、本発明に係る燃料電池積層構造体
は、上述の目的を達成するために、請求項５に記載した
ように、下流側単位セル積層体の入口側マニホールド
は、貯水タンクを備えたものである。According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a fuel cell laminated structure according to the present invention, wherein the inlet side manifold of the downstream unit cell laminated body has a water storage tank. It is a thing.
【００１８】また、本発明に係る燃料電池積層構造体
は、上述の目的を達成するために、請求項６に記載した
ように、上流側単位セル積層体は、下流側単位セル積層
体に較べて単位セルの枚数を多くしたものである。In order to achieve the above object, the fuel cell stack structure according to the present invention is characterized in that the upstream unit cell stack is compared with the downstream unit cell stack. Thus, the number of unit cells is increased.
【００１９】また、本発明に係る燃料電池積層構造体
は、上述の目的を達成するために、請求項７に記載した
ように、固体高分子電解質を挟んで一側に燃料電極を配
置し、他側に酸化剤電極を配置するとともに、各電極の
外側にセパレータを配置した単位セルを軸方向に沿って
列状に配置して単位セル積層体に構成した燃料電池積層
構造体において、前記単位セル積層体を上流側単位セル
積層体と下流側単位セル積層体とに区分けし、区分けし
た前記上流側単位セル積層体と前記下流側単位セル積層
体とのそれぞれをケーシングに収容して区画する隔離板
を備えるとともに、前記上流側単位セル積層体および下
流側単位セル積層体のそれぞれの縁端側の両側に前記ケ
ーシングの軸線と平行に入口側マニホールドと出口側マ
ニホールドとを備える一方、前記上流側単位セル積層体
の上流側に配置した反応ガス案内プレートの外側に反応
ガス通路室と乾燥ガス通路室とを区画する水蒸気透過膜
を備え、前記反応ガス通路室で反応ガスに含まれる水蒸
気を少なくとも一部分以上を取り除いた後の反応ガスを
前記隔離板を介して下流側単位セル積層体の入口側マニ
ホールドに供給する連絡管を備えたものである。Further, in order to achieve the above object, the fuel cell laminated structure according to the present invention has a fuel electrode disposed on one side with a solid polymer electrolyte interposed therebetween, as described in claim 7. In the fuel cell laminate structure in which the oxidant electrodes are arranged on the other side and the unit cells in which the separators are arranged outside the respective electrodes are arranged in a row along the axial direction to form a unit cell laminate, the unit The cell stack is divided into an upstream unit cell stack and a downstream unit cell stack, and each of the divided upstream unit cell stack and the downstream unit cell stack is housed and partitioned in a casing. A separator is provided, and an inlet manifold and an outlet manifold are provided on both sides of each edge of the upstream unit cell stack and the downstream unit cell stack in parallel with the axis of the casing. On the other hand, a water vapor permeable membrane that separates a reaction gas passage chamber and a dry gas passage chamber is provided outside the reaction gas guide plate disposed on the upstream side of the upstream unit cell stack, and the reaction gas passes through the reaction gas passage chamber. It is provided with a connecting pipe for supplying the reaction gas from which at least a part of the contained water vapor has been removed to the inlet-side manifold of the downstream unit cell stack via the separator.
【００２０】また、本発明に係る燃料電池積層構造体
は、上述の目的を達成するために、請求項８に記載した
ように、固体高分子電解質を挟んで一側に燃料電極を配
置し、他側に酸化剤電極を配置するとともに、各電極の
外側にセパレータを配置した単位セルを軸方向に沿って
列状に配置して単位セル積層体に構成した燃料電池積層
構造体において、前記単位セル積層体を上流側単位セル
積層体と下流側単位セル積層体とに区分けし、区分けし
た前記上流側単位セル積層体と前記下流側単位セル積層
体とのそれぞれをケーシングに収容して区画する隔離板
を備えるとともに、前記上流側単位セル積層体および下
流側単位セル積層体のそれぞれの縁端側の両側に前記ケ
ーシングの軸線と平行に入口側マニホールドと出口側マ
ニホールドとを備える一方、前記上流側単位セル積層体
の上流側に配置した反応ガス案内プレートの外側に反応
ガス通路室と温水通路室とを区画する伝熱プレートを備
え、前記反応ガス通路室で反応ガスに含まれる水蒸気を
少なくとも一部分以上を取り除いた後の反応ガスを前記
隔離板を介して下流側単位セル積層体の入口側マニホー
ルドに供給する連絡管を備えたものである。Further, in order to achieve the above object, a fuel cell laminated structure according to the present invention has a fuel electrode disposed on one side with a solid polymer electrolyte interposed therebetween, as described in claim 8. In the fuel cell laminate structure in which the oxidant electrodes are arranged on the other side and the unit cells in which the separators are arranged outside the respective electrodes are arranged in a row along the axial direction to form a unit cell laminate, the unit The cell stack is divided into an upstream unit cell stack and a downstream unit cell stack, and each of the divided upstream unit cell stack and the downstream unit cell stack is housed and partitioned in a casing. A separator is provided, and an inlet manifold and an outlet manifold are provided on both sides of each edge of the upstream unit cell stack and the downstream unit cell stack in parallel with the axis of the casing. On the other hand, a heat transfer plate that partitions a reaction gas passage chamber and a hot water passage chamber is provided outside the reaction gas guide plate disposed on the upstream side of the upstream unit cell stack, and is included in the reaction gas in the reaction gas passage chamber. And a connecting pipe for supplying the reaction gas from which at least a part of the steam to be removed has been removed to the inlet-side manifold of the downstream unit cell laminate through the separator.
【００２１】また、本発明に係る燃料電池積層構造体
は、上述の目的を達成するために、請求項９に記載した
ように、反応ガス案内プレートは、上流側単位セル積層
体の入口側マニホールドに接続する供給口と、上流側単
位セル積層体の出口側マニホールドと反応ガス通路室と
を互いに連通させる連絡通路とを備えたものである。In order to achieve the above object, in the fuel cell laminated structure according to the present invention, the reaction gas guide plate is provided at the inlet side manifold of the upstream unit cell laminated body. And a communication passage for connecting the outlet manifold of the upstream unit cell laminate and the reaction gas passage chamber to each other.
【００２２】また、本発明に係る燃料電池積層構造体
は、上述の目的を達成するために、請求項１０に記載し
たように、隔離板は、連絡管を下流側単位セル積層体の
入口側マニホールドに接続させる通路を備えたものであ
る。In order to achieve the above object, in the fuel cell laminated structure according to the present invention, the separator is provided by connecting the connecting pipe to the inlet side of the downstream unit cell laminated body. It has a passage connected to the manifold.
【００２３】また、本発明に係る燃料電池積層構造体
は、上述の目的を達成するために、請求項１１に記載し
たように、固体高分子電解質を挟んで一側に燃料電極を
配置し、他側に酸化剤電極を配置するとともに、各電極
の外側にセパレータを配置した単位セルを軸方向に沿っ
て列状に配置して単位セル積層体に構成した燃料電池積
層構造体において、前記単位セル積層体の酸化剤電極に
水を供給して酸化剤ガスを加湿させる水循環系を備えた
ものである。Further, in order to achieve the above object, the fuel cell laminated structure according to the present invention has a fuel electrode disposed on one side with a solid polymer electrolyte interposed therebetween, as described in claim 11. In the fuel cell laminate structure in which the oxidant electrodes are arranged on the other side and the unit cells in which the separators are arranged outside the respective electrodes are arranged in a row along the axial direction to form a unit cell laminate, the unit A water circulation system for supplying water to the oxidant electrode of the cell stack and humidifying the oxidant gas is provided.
【００２４】また、本発明に係る燃料電池積層構造体
は、上述の目的を達成するために、請求項１２に記載し
たように、水循環系は、加湿用タンクとポンプを備えた
ものである。Further, in the fuel cell laminated structure according to the present invention, in order to achieve the above object, the water circulating system includes a humidifying tank and a pump.
【００２５】[0025]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明に係る燃料電池積層
構造体の実施形態を図面および図面に付した符号を引用
して説明する。DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of a fuel cell laminated structure according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings and reference numerals attached to the drawings.
【００２６】図１は、本発明に係る燃料電池積層構造体
の第１実施形態を示す概念図である。FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram showing a first embodiment of a fuel cell laminated structure according to the present invention.
【００２７】本実施形態に係る燃料電池積層構造体は、
両端を上流側エンドプレート１と下流側エンドプレート
２とで塞ぐとともに、各エンドプレート１，２を例えば
スプリング等の弾性体３を介装させてスタッドボルト４
で固定保持する筒状のケーシング５と、この筒状のケー
シング５に収容し、例えば水素ガス等の反応ガスを上流
側エンドプレート１の入口６から下流側エンドプレート
２の出口７に向って蛇行させながら直列に流す単位セル
積層体８を備えた構成になっている。The fuel cell laminated structure according to the present embodiment
Both ends are closed by an upstream end plate 1 and a downstream end plate 2, and the end plates 1 and 2 are stud bolts 4 with an elastic body 3 such as a spring interposed therebetween.
And a reaction gas such as hydrogen gas is meandered from the inlet 6 of the upstream end plate 1 to the outlet 7 of the downstream end plate 2. A configuration is provided in which unit cell laminates 8 are supplied in series while being made to flow.
【００２８】また、燃料電池積層構造体は、単位セル積
層体８を上流側単位セル積層体８ａと下流側単位セル積
層体８ｂとに区分けするとともに、区分けした上流側単
位セル積層体８ａと下流側単位セル積層体８ｂとをケー
シング５に収容して区画する隔離板９を備えた構成にな
っている。In the fuel cell stack, the unit cell stack 8 is divided into an upstream unit cell stack 8a and a downstream unit cell stack 8b, and the divided upstream unit cell stack 8a and the downstream unit cell stack 8a are separated from each other. The structure is provided with a separator 9 for accommodating and partitioning the side unit cell laminate 8b in the casing 5.
【００２９】また、上流側単位セル積層体８ａと下流側
単位セル積層体８ｂとは、ともに単位セル１０をケーシ
ング５の軸ＣＬに沿って列状に配置して一つのブロック
としてまとめたものである。The upstream unit cell stack 8a and the downstream unit cell stack 8b are both unit cells 10 arranged in a row along the axis CL of the casing 5 to form a single block. is there.
【００３０】また、上流側単位セル積層体８ａと下流側
単位セル積層体８ｂは、ともに縁端側の両側にケーシン
グ５の軸線ＣＬに沿って平行に入口側マニホールド１１
ａ，１１ｂと出口側マニホールド１２ａ，１２ｂとを備
えるとともに、隔離板９に設けた通路孔１３を介して上
流側単位セル積層体８ａの出口側マニホールド１２ａと
下流側単位セル積層体８ｂの入口側マニホールド１１ｂ
とを互いに連通させる構成になっている。The upstream unit cell stack 8a and the downstream unit cell stack 8b are provided on both sides of the edge side in parallel with the inlet side manifold 11 along the axis CL of the casing 5.
a, 11b and outlet-side manifolds 12a, 12b, and the inlet-side of the outlet-side manifold 12a of the upstream-side unit cell stack 8a and the inlet-side of the downstream-side unit cell stack 8b via the passage hole 13 provided in the separator 9. Manifold 11b
Are connected to each other.
【００３１】なお、上流側単位セル積層体８ａは、下流
側単位セル積層体８ｂに較べて単位セル１０の枚数を多
くしている。The upstream unit cell stack 8a has a larger number of unit cells 10 than the downstream unit cell stack 8b.
【００３２】単位セル１０は、固体高分子電解質層を挟
んで両側に触媒を被覆する燃料電極および酸化剤電極を
それぞれ配置するとともに、各電極の外側に反応ガスを
流す通路溝を形成するセパレータ（ともに図示せず）を
備えた構成になっている。The unit cell 10 is provided with a fuel electrode and an oxidant electrode which cover the catalyst on both sides of the solid polymer electrolyte layer, and a separator (not shown) which forms a passage groove for flowing a reaction gas outside each electrode. (Both are not shown).
【００３３】一方、上流側単位セル積層体８ａと下流側
単位セル積層体８ｂとをケーシング５内で区画する隔離
板９は、カーボン粉末と樹脂との混合材、カーボン材単
独、膨張黒鉛などの導電性材で作製するとともに、ケー
シング５との間にＯリング等のシール材を用いて反応ガ
スの漏洩を防止している。また、上流側単位セル積層体
８ａおよび下流側単位セル積層体８ｂのそれぞれを形成
する単位セル１８は、隣りの単位セル１０との間に導電
性のカーボン材を用いて反応ガスの漏洩を防止してい
る。On the other hand, the separator 9 for partitioning the upstream unit cell laminate 8a and the downstream unit cell laminate 8b in the casing 5 is made of a mixture of carbon powder and resin, a carbon material alone, or expanded graphite. It is made of a conductive material, and a sealant such as an O-ring is used between the casing and the casing 5 to prevent leakage of the reaction gas. Also, the unit cells 18 forming each of the upstream unit cell stacked body 8a and the downstream unit cell stacked body 8b prevent leakage of the reactive gas by using a conductive carbon material between the unit cell 18 and the adjacent unit cell 10. are doing.
【００３４】このような構成を備えた燃料電池積層構造
体において、上流側エンドプレート１の入口６に供給さ
れた例えば水素ガス等の反応ガスは、上流側単位セル積
層体８ａの入口側マニホールド１１ａからケーシング５
の軸線ＣＬに交差して単位セル１０に流れる間に化学反
応して電気エネルギを発生させ、上流側単位セル積層体
８ａの出口側のマニホールド１２ａに集められる。In the fuel cell stack having such a structure, the reaction gas such as hydrogen gas supplied to the inlet 6 of the upstream end plate 1 is supplied to the inlet manifold 11a of the upstream unit cell stack 8a. From casing 5
A chemical reaction is generated while flowing to the unit cell 10 while crossing the axis CL of the unit cell 10 to generate electric energy, which is collected in the manifold 12a on the outlet side of the upstream unit cell stack 8a.
【００３５】出口側マニホールド１２ａに集められた反
応ガスは、その濃度を比較的高く維持させ、隔離板９の
通路孔１３を介して下流側単位セル積層体８ｂの入口側
マニホールド１１ｂに供給され、ここから再びケーシン
グ５の軸線ＣＬに交差して単位セル１０に流れる間に電
気エネルギを発生させ、下流側単位セル積層体８ｂの出
口側マニホールド１２ｂに集められた後、下流側エンド
プレート２の出口７から他の機器に供給される。The concentration of the reaction gas collected in the outlet manifold 12a is maintained relatively high, and is supplied to the inlet manifold 11b of the downstream unit cell stack 8b through the passage hole 13 of the separator 9; From there, electric energy is generated while flowing again to the unit cell 10 while intersecting the axis CL of the casing 5 and collected in the outlet manifold 12b of the downstream unit cell stack 8b, and then the outlet of the downstream end plate 2 7 to other devices.
【００３６】なお、上流側単位セル積層体８ａおよび下
流側単位セル積層体８ｂは、単位セル１０，１０間にシ
ール構造を備えるとともに、隔離板９や上流側、下流側
各エンドプレート１，２との入出口の各マニホールド１
１ａ，１１ｂ，１２ａ，１２ｂの接続部分にシール構造
を備えているので、反応ガスの漏洩を確実に防止するこ
とができる。The upstream unit cell stack 8a and the downstream unit cell stack 8b have a seal structure between the unit cells 10 and 10, and have a separator 9 and the upstream and downstream end plates 1 and 2. Each manifold 1 at the entrance and exit
Since the connection portion of 1a, 11b, 12a, 12b is provided with a seal structure, it is possible to reliably prevent the leakage of the reaction gas.
【００３７】このように、本実施形態は、単位セル積層
体８を上流側単位セル積層体８ａと下流側単位セル積層
体８ｂとに区分けし、区分けした単位セル１０の枚数の
多い上流側単位セル積層体８ａと単位セル１０の枚数の
少ない下流側単位セル積層体８ｂとのそれぞれを収容す
る室を区画する隔離板９をケーシング５に設けるととも
に、各単位セル積層体８ａ，８ｂの縁端側の両側に入、
出口側マニホールド１１ａ，１１ｂ，１２ａ，１２ｂを
備え、入口側マニホールド１１ａ，１１ｂのそれぞれか
ら出口側マニホールド１２ａ，１２ｂのそれぞれに向っ
て反応ガスを単純化して流す構成にしたので、隔離板９
を介して上流側単位セル積層体８ａおよび下流側単位セ
ル積層体８ｂのそれぞれを流れる反応ガスの濃度をより
一層高く維持させることができ、反応ガスの利用率をよ
り一層高めて効果的な発電運転を行うことができる。As described above, in this embodiment, the unit cell stack 8 is divided into the upstream unit cell stack 8a and the downstream unit cell stack 8b, and the upstream unit having a large number of unit cells 10 is divided. Separation plates 9 are provided in the casing 5 to define chambers for accommodating the cell stack 8a and the downstream unit cell stack 8b having a small number of unit cells 10, respectively, and the edges of the unit cell stacks 8a and 8b are provided. On both sides of the side,
Since the outlet side manifolds 11a, 11b, 12a and 12b are provided, and the reaction gas is flowed from each of the inlet side manifolds 11a and 11b to each of the outlet side manifolds 12a and 12b in a simplified manner, the separator plate 9 is provided.
, The concentration of the reaction gas flowing through each of the upstream unit cell stack 8a and the downstream unit cell stack 8b can be maintained at a higher level, and the utilization rate of the reaction gas can be further increased to effectively generate power. Driving can be performed.
【００３８】また、本実施形態は、単位セル１０，１０
間、各マニホールド１１ａ，１１ｂ，１２ａ，１２ｂと
隔離板９、各エンドプレート１，２との接続部分にシー
ル構造を備えているので、反応ガスの漏洩を確実に防止
して効果的な発電運転を行うことができる。In this embodiment, the unit cells 10, 10
In the meantime, a seal structure is provided at a connection portion between each of the manifolds 11a, 11b, 12a, 12b and the separator 9 and each of the end plates 1 and 2, so that leakage of the reactant gas is reliably prevented and effective power generation operation is performed. It can be performed.
【００３９】図２は、本発明に係る燃料電池積層構造体
の第２実施形態を示す概念図である。なお、第１実施形
態の構成部分と同一部分には同一符号を付す。FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram showing a second embodiment of the fuel cell laminated structure according to the present invention. The same components as those of the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals.
【００４０】本実施形態に係る燃料電池積層構造体は、
単位セル積層体８から区分けした上流側単位セル積層体
８ａ、下流側単位セル積層体８ｂのうち、上流側単位セ
ル積層体８ａの出口側マニホールド１２ｂおよび隔離板
９の通路孔１３等に孔径０．１μｍ〜１００μｍの多孔
質体１４を収容するとともに、下流側単位セル積層体８
ｂの入口側マニホールド１１ｂに接続させて貯水タンク
１５を設けたものである。なお、他の構成部分は、第１
実施形態の構成部分と同一なので、その説明を省略す
る。The fuel cell laminated structure according to the present embodiment
Of the upstream unit cell stack 8a and the downstream unit cell stack 8b separated from the unit cell stack 8, the outlet side manifold 12b of the upstream unit cell stack 8a, the passage hole 13 of the separator 9, etc. In addition to accommodating the porous body 14 of 1 μm to 100 μm, the downstream unit cell laminate 8
The water storage tank 15 is provided so as to be connected to the inlet side manifold 11b of FIG. The other components are the first
Since the configuration is the same as that of the embodiment, the description is omitted.
【００４１】このように、本実施形態は、上流側単位セ
ル積層体８ａの出口側マニホールド１２ａに多孔質体１
４を収容し、反応中、反応ガスから生成される凝縮水を
吸収させる一方、下流側単位セル積層体８ｂの入口側マ
ニホールド１１ｂに貯水タンク１５を接続させて残った
凝縮水を吸収させるので、いわゆるフラッティングと称
する凝縮水の滞留を少なくさせて反応ガスの流れを良好
にさせることができ、反応ガス濃度を高く維持させて反
応ガスの利用率をより一層高めることができる。As described above, in the present embodiment, the porous body 1 is provided on the outlet side manifold 12a of the upstream unit cell laminated body 8a.
4 and absorbs condensed water generated from the reaction gas during the reaction, while connecting the water storage tank 15 to the inlet side manifold 11b of the downstream unit cell stack 8b to absorb the remaining condensed water. The flow of the reaction gas can be improved by reducing the so-called flooding of the condensed water, and the reaction gas concentration can be maintained at a high level to further increase the utilization rate of the reaction gas.
【００４２】図３は、本発明に係る燃料電池積層構造体
の第３実施形態を示す概念図である。なお、第１実施形
態の構成部分と同一部分には同一符号を付す。FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram showing a third embodiment of the fuel cell laminated structure according to the present invention. The same components as those of the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals.
【００４３】本実施形態に係る燃料電池積層構造体は、
単位セル積層体８を上流側単位セル積層体８ａと下流側
単位セル積層体８ｂとに区分けし、区分けした上流側単
位セル積層体８ａと下流側単位セル積層体８ｂとを収容
する室を区画する隔離板９をケーシング５に設けるとと
もに、上流側単位セル積層体８ａの上流側に、例えば水
素ガス等の反応ガスの供給口１６を備えた反応ガス案内
プレート１７と、この反応ガス案内プレート１７の外側
に設けられた反応ガス通路室１８と乾燥ガス通路室１９
とを区画する水蒸気透過膜２０を備えたものである。な
お、水蒸気透過膜２０は、イオン交換膜または多孔質の
高分子膜であってもよい。The fuel cell laminated structure according to the present embodiment
The unit cell stack 8 is divided into an upstream unit cell stack 8a and a downstream unit cell stack 8b, and a chamber for accommodating the divided upstream unit cell stack 8a and the downstream unit cell stack 8b is defined. And a reaction gas guide plate 17 provided with a supply port 16 for a reaction gas such as hydrogen gas on the upstream side of the upstream unit cell stack 8a. Reaction gas passage chamber 18 and dry gas passage chamber 19 provided outside
And a water vapor permeable membrane 20 for partitioning the water vapor. Note that the water vapor permeable membrane 20 may be an ion exchange membrane or a porous polymer membrane.
【００４４】また、本実施形態に係る燃料電池積層構造
体は、第１実施形態と同様に、上流側単位セル積層体８
ａおよび下流側単位セル積層体８ｂの縁端側の両側にケ
ーシング５の軸線ＣＬに沿って平行な入口側マニホール
ド１１ａ，１１ｂと出口側マニホールド１２ａ，１２ｂ
とをそれぞれ設けたものである。なお、他の構成部分
は、第１実施形態の構成部分と同一なので、説明を省略
する。Further, the fuel cell laminated structure according to the present embodiment has an upstream unit cell laminated body 8 similar to the first embodiment.
a and the inlet-side manifolds 11a and 11b and the outlet-side manifolds 12a and 12b, which are parallel to each other along the axis CL of the casing 5 on both sides of the edge of the unit cell stack 8b.
Are provided respectively. The other components are the same as the components of the first embodiment, and the description is omitted.
【００４５】このような構成を備えた燃料電池積層構造
体において、供給口１６を介して反応ガス案内プレート
１７に案内された例えば水素ガス等の反応ガスは、上流
側単位セル積層体８ａの入口側マニホールド１１ａから
ケーシング５の軸線ＣＬに交差して単位セル１０に流れ
る間に化学反応させて電気エネルギを発生させ、上流側
単位セル積層体８ａの出口側マニホールド１２ａに集め
られる。In the fuel cell stack having such a structure, the reaction gas such as hydrogen gas guided to the reaction gas guide plate 17 through the supply port 16 is supplied to the inlet of the upstream unit cell stack 8a. While flowing from the side manifold 11a to the unit cell 10 while crossing the axis CL of the casing 5, a chemical reaction is performed to generate electric energy, which is collected in the outlet side manifold 12a of the upstream unit cell stack 8a.
【００４６】出口側マニホールド１２ａに集められた反
応ガスは、反応ガス案内プレート１７の連絡通路２１を
介して反応ガス通路室１８に集められ、ここで水蒸気の
一部ほ水蒸気透過膜２０を介して乾燥ガス室１９に供給
し、例えば空気等の乾燥ガスに混合させ、系外ブローさ
せる。The reaction gas collected in the outlet side manifold 12a is collected in the reaction gas passage chamber 18 through the communication passage 21 of the reaction gas guide plate 17, where a part of the water vapor passes through the water vapor permeable membrane 20. The dry gas is supplied to the dry gas chamber 19, mixed with a dry gas such as air, and blown out of the system.
【００４７】一部の水蒸気を分離させた反応ガスは、連
絡管２１ａおよび隔離板９の通路２２を介して下流側単
位セル積層体８ｂの入口側マニホールド１１ｂに集めら
れた後、ここから再びケーシング５の軸線ＣＬに交差し
て単位セル１０に流れる間に電気エネルギを発生させ、
下流側単位セル積層体８ｂの出口側マニホールド１２ｂ
に集められた後、下流側エンドプレート２の出口７から
他の機器に供給される。The reaction gas from which a part of the water vapor has been separated is collected in the inlet manifold 11b of the downstream unit cell stack 8b through the connecting pipe 21a and the passage 22 of the separator 9, and then the casing is again cooled. 5 to generate electric energy while flowing to the unit cell 10 while crossing the axis CL of 5,
Outlet-side manifold 12b of downstream unit cell laminate 8b
And then supplied to another device from the outlet 7 of the downstream end plate 2.
【００４８】このように、本実施形態は、第１実施形態
と同様に、単位セル積層体８を上流側単位セル積層体８
ａと下流側単位セル積層体８ｂとに区分けし、区分けし
た単位セル１０の枚数の多い上流側単位セル積層体８ａ
と単位セル１０の枚数の少ない下流側単位セル積層体８
ｂとのそれぞれを収容する室を区画する隔離板９をケー
シング５に設けるとともに、各単位セル積層体８ａ，８
ｂの縁端側の両側に入・出口側マニホールド１１ａ，１
１ｂ，１２ａ，１２ｂを備え、入口側マニホールド１１
ａ，１１ｂのそれぞれから出口側マニホールド１２ａ，
１２ｂのそれぞれに向って反応ガスを単純化して流す一
方、上流側単位セル積層体８ａの上流側に反応ガス案内
プレート１７を設け、この反応ガス案内プレート１７の
外側に反応ガス通路室１８と乾燥ガス通路室１９とを区
画する水蒸気透過膜２０を設け、乾燥ガス通路室１９を
流れる乾燥ガスで上流側単位セル積層体８ａの出口側マ
ニホールド１２ａからの反応ガス通路室１８に流れる反
応ガスを乾燥させ、反応ガスの含まれる水蒸気の一部を
取り除くので、フラッティングを防止して反応ガスを良
好に流すことができ、反応ガスの利用率をより一層高め
て効果的な発電運転を行うことができる。As described above, in the present embodiment, similarly to the first embodiment, the unit cell stack 8 is replaced with the upstream unit cell stack 8.
a and the upstream unit cell stack 8a having a large number of the divided unit cells 10
And the downstream unit cell stack 8 having a small number of unit cells 10
b is provided on the casing 5 for partitioning a chamber for accommodating each of the unit cell stacks 8a and 8b.
the inlet / outlet side manifolds 11a, 1
1b, 12a, 12b, and the inlet side manifold 11
a, 11b, the outlet side manifold 12a,
While the reaction gas flows in a simplified manner toward each of the reaction gas guide plates 12b, a reaction gas guide plate 17 is provided on the upstream side of the upstream unit cell stacked body 8a. A water vapor permeable membrane 20 for partitioning the gas passage chamber 19 is provided, and the reaction gas flowing from the outlet side manifold 12a of the upstream unit cell stack 8a to the reaction gas passage chamber 18 is dried by the drying gas flowing through the drying gas passage chamber 19. By removing part of the water vapor contained in the reaction gas, flooding can be prevented and the reaction gas can be satisfactorily flowed. it can.
【００４９】なお、本実施形態は、上流側単位セル積層
体８ａの上流側に設けた反応ガス案内プレート１７の外
側に、水蒸気透過膜２０を介装させて反応ガス通路室１
８と乾燥ガス通路室１９とを設けたが、この例に限ら
ず、例えば、図４に示すように、反応ガス案内プレート
１７の上流側に、伝熱プレート２３を介装させて反応ガ
ス通路室１８と温水通路室２４とを設け、温水通路室２
４を流れる温水で反応ガス通路室１８を流れる反応ガス
に含まれる水蒸気の一部を蒸発させてもよい。In this embodiment, the reaction gas passage chamber 1 is provided with a water vapor permeable membrane 20 interposed outside the reaction gas guide plate 17 provided on the upstream side of the upstream unit cell stack 8a.
8 and the dry gas passage chamber 19 are provided, but the present invention is not limited to this example. For example, as shown in FIG. A chamber 18 and a hot water passage chamber 24 are provided.
Part of the water vapor contained in the reaction gas flowing through the reaction gas passage chamber 18 may be evaporated by the warm water flowing through the reaction gas passage 4.
【００５０】図５は、本発明に係る燃料電池積層構造体
に適用する水供給装置の実施形態を示す概略系統図であ
る。FIG. 5 is a schematic system diagram showing an embodiment of a water supply device applied to the fuel cell laminated structure according to the present invention.
【００５１】従来、燃料電池は、燃料電極に供給する燃
料ガスと酸化剤電極に供給する酸化剤ガスとの両方を加
湿させて化学反応を促進させていた。Conventionally, in a fuel cell, both a fuel gas supplied to a fuel electrode and an oxidant gas supplied to an oxidant electrode are humidified to promote a chemical reaction.
【００５２】しかし、燃料ガスに含まれる水素ガスの利
用率を高めると、燃料電極の出口側の水素ガス濃度が低
くなり、いわゆるフラッティング現象が発生し、燃料電
極に供給する燃料ガスの流れが悪くなり、発電効率を低
下させる要因になっていた。However, when the utilization rate of the hydrogen gas contained in the fuel gas is increased, the concentration of the hydrogen gas on the outlet side of the fuel electrode is reduced, so that a so-called flooding phenomenon occurs, and the flow of the fuel gas supplied to the fuel electrode is reduced. It became worse and became a factor to lower the power generation efficiency.
【００５３】本実施形態は、このような点を考慮してな
されたもので、図５に示すように、固体高分子電解質２
５を挟んで両側に燃料電極２６と酸化剤電極２７とを配
置するとともに、これらの外側にセパレータ（図示せ
ず）を配置した単位セルを列状に配置した単位セル積層
体８のうち、酸化剤用セパレータに供給する、例えば空
気等の酸化剤ガスのみを加湿させる水循環系２８を設け
たものである。The present embodiment has been made in consideration of such points, and as shown in FIG.
The fuel cell 26 and the oxidizing agent electrode 27 are arranged on both sides of the fuel cell 5 and the unit cells having separators (not shown) arranged outside thereof are arranged in a row. A water circulation system 28 for humidifying only an oxidizing gas such as air supplied to the agent separator is provided.
【００５４】この水循環系２８は、加湿水用タンク２
９、ポンプ３０を備え、酸化剤電極２７に供給する酸化
剤ガスに水を加えて加湿させるようになっている。な
お、燃料電極２６には、燃料供給装置３１から減圧弁３
２を介して燃料ガスが供給される。The water circulating system 28 includes the humidifying water tank 2
9. A pump 30 is provided so that water is added to the oxidizing gas supplied to the oxidizing electrode 27 to humidify it. The fuel electrode 26 is connected to the fuel supply device 31 by the pressure reducing valve 3.
The fuel gas is supplied via 2.
【００５５】酸化剤ガスが加湿されると、酸素ガスは充
分に湿分を含んだまま固体高分子電解質２５を経て燃料
電極２６に移動し、ここで水素ガスと反応し、その際に
生成した電子で発電を行う。When the oxidizing gas is humidified, the oxygen gas moves to the fuel electrode 26 through the solid polymer electrolyte 25 while containing a sufficient amount of moisture, where it reacts with the hydrogen gas and is generated at that time. Generate electricity with electrons.
【００５６】このように、本実施形態は、酸化剤電極２
７に水循環系２８からの水を供給して酸化剤ガスのみを
加湿させ、燃料電極２６側の燃料ガスと反応させて発電
を行うので、フラッティングの発生を防止して燃料ガス
に含まれる水素ガス濃度を高く維持することができ、水
素ガスの利用率を高くした効率の高い発電を行うことが
できる。As described above, in the present embodiment, the oxidant electrode 2
7 is supplied with water from the water circulating system 28 to humidify only the oxidizing gas and react with the fuel gas on the fuel electrode 26 side to generate electric power. A high gas concentration can be maintained, and highly efficient power generation with a high utilization rate of hydrogen gas can be performed.
【００５７】[0057]
【発明の効果】以上の説明のとおり、本発明に係る燃料
電池積層構造体は、反応ガスの流れを単純化させる手段
を設けるとともに、反応ガスに含まれる湿分を取り除い
て反応ガス中に含まれる水素ガスの濃度を高く維持させ
る手段を備えたので、反応ガスの利用率をより一層向上
させて効率のよい発電を行うことができる。As described above, the fuel cell laminated structure according to the present invention is provided with a means for simplifying the flow of the reaction gas, and is also provided with a means for removing the moisture contained in the reaction gas and including it in the reaction gas. Since means for maintaining the concentration of hydrogen gas to be maintained at a high level is provided, it is possible to further improve the utilization rate of the reaction gas and perform efficient power generation.
【００５８】また、本発明に係る燃料電池積層構造体
は、酸化剤電極側に水供給手段を備え、酸化剤ガスにの
み加湿しているので、燃料ガスとの反応の際、生成する
凝縮水を少なくしてフラッティングの発生を防止するこ
とができ、反応ガスの流れを良好にさせて効率のよい発
電を行うことができる。Further, since the fuel cell laminated structure according to the present invention has a water supply means on the oxidant electrode side and humidifies only the oxidant gas, condensed water generated upon reaction with the fuel gas is formed. And the occurrence of flooding can be prevented, and the flow of the reaction gas can be made favorable so that efficient power generation can be performed.
【図１】本発明に係る燃料電池積層構造体の第１実施形
態を示す概念図。FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram showing a first embodiment of a fuel cell laminated structure according to the present invention.
【図２】本発明に係る燃料電池積層構造体の第２実施形
態を示す概念図。FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram showing a second embodiment of the fuel cell laminated structure according to the present invention.
【図３】本発明に係る燃料電池積層構造体の第３実施形
態を示す概念図。FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram showing a third embodiment of the fuel cell laminated structure according to the present invention.
【図４】本発明に係る燃料電池積層構造体の第４実施形
態を示す概念図。FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram showing a fourth embodiment of the fuel cell laminated structure according to the present invention.
【図５】本発明に係る燃料電池積層構造体に適用する水
供給装置の実施形態を示す概略系統図。FIG. 5 is a schematic system diagram showing an embodiment of a water supply device applied to the fuel cell laminated structure according to the present invention.
１ 上流側エンドプレート ２ 下流側エンドプレート ３ 弾性体 ４ スタッドボルト ５ ケーシング ６ 入口 ７ 出口 ８ 単位セル積層体 ８ａ 上流側単位セル積層体 ８ｂ 下流側単位セル積層体 ９ 隔離板 １０ 単位セル １１ａ，１１ｂ 入口側マニホールド １２ａ，１２ｂ 出口側マニホールド １３ 通路孔 １４ 多孔質体 １５ 貯水タンク １６ 供給口 １７ 反応ガス案内プレート １８ 反応ガス通路室 １９ 乾燥ガス通路室 ２０ 水蒸気透過膜 ２１ 連絡通路 ２１ａ 連絡管 ２２ 通路 ２３ 伝熱プレート ２４ 温水通路室 ２５ 固体高分子電解質 ２６ 燃料電極 ２７ 酸化剤電極 ２８ 水循環系 ２９ 加湿用タンク ３０ ポンプ ３１ 燃料供給装置 ３２ 減圧弁 REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 upstream end plate 2 downstream end plate 3 elastic body 4 stud bolt 5 casing 6 inlet 7 outlet 8 unit cell stack 8a upstream unit cell stack 8b downstream unit cell stack 9 separator 10 unit cells 11a, 11b Inlet-side manifold 12a, 12b Outlet-side manifold 13 Passage hole 14 Porous material 15 Water storage tank 16 Supply port 17 Reaction gas guide plate 18 Reaction gas passage chamber 19 Dry gas passage chamber 20 Water vapor permeable membrane 21 Communication passage 21a Communication pipe 22 Passage 23 Heat transfer plate 24 Hot water passage chamber 25 Solid polymer electrolyte 26 Fuel electrode 27 Oxidant electrode 28 Water circulation system 29 Humidification tank 30 Pump 31 Fuel supply device 32 Pressure reducing valve
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (51)Int.Cl.7 識別記号 ＦＩ テーマコート゛(参考） Ｈ０１Ｍ 8/10 Ｈ０１Ｍ 8/10 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. 7 Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) H01M 8/10 H01M 8/10
Claims (12)
極を配置し、他側に酸化剤電極を配置するとともに、各
電極の外側にセパレータを配置した単位セルを軸方向に
沿って列状に配置して単位セル積層体に構成した燃料電
池積層構造体において、前記単位セル積層体を上流側単
位セル積層体と下流側単位セル積層体とに区分けし、区
分けした前記上流側単位セル積層体と前記下流側単位セ
ル積層体とのそれぞれをケーシングに収容して区画する
隔離板を備えるとともに、前記上流側単位セル積層体お
よび下流側単位セル積層体のそれぞれの縁端側の両側に
前記ケーシングの軸線と平行に入口側マニホールドと出
口側マニホールドとを備えたことを特徴とする燃料電池
積層構造体。1. A unit cell in which a fuel electrode is disposed on one side of a solid polymer electrolyte, an oxidant electrode is disposed on the other side, and a separator is disposed on the outside of each electrode. In a fuel cell stack structure arranged in a unit cell stack to form a unit cell stack, the unit cell stack is divided into an upstream unit cell stack and a downstream unit cell stack, and the divided upstream unit cells are divided. A separator is provided for accommodating and partitioning each of the laminate and the downstream unit cell laminate in a casing, and on both sides of each edge side of the upstream unit cell laminate and the downstream unit cell laminate. A fuel cell laminated structure comprising an inlet-side manifold and an outlet-side manifold parallel to the axis of the casing.
側マニホールドと下流側単位セル積層体の入口側マニホ
ールドとを連通させる通路孔を備えたことを特徴とする
請求項１記載の燃料電池積層構造体。2. The fuel according to claim 1, wherein the separator is provided with a passage hole communicating the outlet manifold of the upstream unit cell stack and the inlet manifold of the downstream unit cell stack. Battery laminate structure.
末に樹脂を加えた混合材のうち、いずれか一方で作製し
たことを特徴とする請求項１または２記載の燃料電池積
層構造体。3. The fuel cell laminated structure according to claim 1, wherein the separator is made of one of a carbon material and a mixed material obtained by adding a resin to carbon powder.
ルド、隔離板の通路孔および下流側単位セル積層体の入
口側マニホールドのうち、少なくとも一方には多孔質体
を収容したことを特徴とすると請求項１記載の燃料電池
積層構造体。4. A porous body is housed in at least one of the outlet-side manifold of the upstream unit cell stack, the passage hole of the separator, and the inlet-side manifold of the downstream unit cell stack. The fuel cell stack according to claim 1.
ルドは、貯水タンクを備えたことを特徴とする請求項１
記載の燃料電池積層構造体。5. The downstream manifold of the unit cell stack according to claim 1, wherein the inlet manifold has a water storage tank.
The laminated fuel cell structure according to any one of the preceding claims.
ル積層体に較べて単位セルの枚数を多くしたことを特徴
とする請求項１記載の燃料電池積層構造体。6. The fuel cell stack according to claim 1, wherein the number of unit cells in the upstream unit cell stack is larger than that in the downstream unit cell stack.
極を配置し、他側に酸化剤電極を配置するとともに、各
電極の外側にセパレータを配置した単位セルを軸方向に
沿って列状に配置して単位セル積層体に構成した燃料電
池積層構造体において、前記単位セル積層体を上流側単
位セル積層体と下流側単位セル積層体とに区分けし、区
分けした前記上流側単位セル積層体と前記下流側単位セ
ル積層体とのそれぞれをケーシングに収容して区画する
隔離板を備えるとともに、前記上流側単位セル積層体お
よび下流側単位セル積層体のそれぞれの縁端側の両側に
前記ケーシングの軸線と平行に入口側マニホールドと出
口側マニホールドとを備える一方、前記上流側単位セル
積層体の上流側に配置した反応ガス案内プレートの外側
に反応ガス通路室と乾燥ガス通路室とを区画する水蒸気
透過膜を備え、前記反応ガス通路室で反応ガスに含まれ
る水蒸気を少なくとも一部分以上を取り除いた後の反応
ガスを前記隔離板を介して下流側単位セル積層体の入口
側マニホールドに供給する連絡管を備えたことを特徴と
する燃料電池積層構造体。7. A unit cell in which a fuel electrode is disposed on one side with a solid polymer electrolyte interposed therebetween, an oxidizing electrode is disposed on the other side, and a unit cell having a separator disposed outside each electrode is arranged in an axial direction. In a fuel cell stack structure arranged in a unit cell stack to form a unit cell stack, the unit cell stack is divided into an upstream unit cell stack and a downstream unit cell stack, and the divided upstream unit cells are divided. A separator is provided for accommodating and partitioning each of the laminate and the downstream unit cell laminate in a casing, and on both sides of each edge side of the upstream unit cell laminate and the downstream unit cell laminate. A reaction gas passage chamber is provided outside a reaction gas guide plate disposed on the upstream side of the upstream unit cell stack while an inlet manifold and an outlet manifold are provided in parallel with the axis of the casing. A water vapor permeable membrane for partitioning the dry gas passage chamber from the reaction gas passage chamber, and removing the at least a part of the water vapor contained in the reaction gas in the reaction gas passage chamber; A fuel cell laminated structure, comprising: a connecting pipe for supplying to an inlet-side manifold of the fuel cell.
極を配置し、他側に酸化剤電極を配置するとともに、各
電極の外側にセパレータを配置した単位セルを軸方向に
沿って列状に配置して単位セル積層体に構成した燃料電
池積層構造体において、前記単位セル積層体を上流側単
位セル積層体と下流側単位セル積層体とに区分けし、区
分けした前記上流側単位セル積層体と前記下流側単位セ
ル積層体とのそれぞれをケーシングに収容して区画する
隔離板を備えるとともに、前記上流側単位セル積層体お
よび下流側単位セル積層体のそれぞれの縁端側の両側に
前記ケーシングの軸線と平行に入口側マニホールドと出
口側マニホールドとを備える一方、前記上流側単位セル
積層体の上流側に配置した反応ガス案内プレートの外側
に反応ガス通路室と温水通路室とを区画する伝熱プレー
トを備え、前記反応ガス通路室で反応ガスに含まれる水
蒸気を少なくとも一部分以上を取り除いた後の反応ガス
を前記隔離板を介して下流側単位セル積層体の入口側マ
ニホールドに供給する連絡管を備えたことを特徴とする
燃料電池積層構造体。8. A unit cell in which a fuel electrode is disposed on one side with a solid polymer electrolyte interposed therebetween, an oxidizing electrode is disposed on the other side, and a unit cell having a separator disposed outside each electrode is arranged along an axial direction. In a fuel cell stack structure arranged in a unit cell stack to form a unit cell stack, the unit cell stack is divided into an upstream unit cell stack and a downstream unit cell stack, and the divided upstream unit cells are divided. A separator is provided for accommodating and partitioning each of the laminate and the downstream unit cell laminate in a casing, and on both sides of each edge side of the upstream unit cell laminate and the downstream unit cell laminate. A reaction gas passage chamber is provided outside a reaction gas guide plate disposed on the upstream side of the upstream unit cell stack while an inlet manifold and an outlet manifold are provided in parallel with the axis of the casing. A heat transfer plate for partitioning the hot water passage chamber and the reaction gas after removing at least a part of water vapor contained in the reaction gas in the reaction gas passage chamber through the separator plate of the downstream unit cell stack A fuel cell laminated structure comprising a communication pipe for supplying an inlet-side manifold.
ル積層体の入口側マニホールドに接続する供給口と、上
流側単位セル積層体の出口側マニホールドと反応ガス通
路室とを互いに連通させる連絡通路とを備えたことを特
徴とする請求項７または８記載の燃料電池積層構造体。9. The reaction gas guide plate has a supply port connected to the inlet-side manifold of the upstream unit cell stack, and a communication passage for connecting the outlet manifold of the upstream unit cell stack and the reaction gas passage chamber to each other. The fuel cell stack according to claim 7 or 8, further comprising:
層体の入口側マニホールドに接続させる通路を備えたこ
とを特徴とする請求項７または８記載の燃料電池積層構
造体。10. The fuel cell stack structure according to claim 7, wherein the separator has a passage for connecting the connecting pipe to the inlet manifold of the downstream unit cell stack.
電極を配置し、他側に酸化剤電極を配置するとともに、
各電極の外側にセパレータを配置した単位セルを軸方向
に沿って列状に配置して単位セル積層体に構成した燃料
電池積層構造体において、前記単位セル積層体の酸化剤
用セパレータに水を供給して酸化剤ガスを加湿させる水
循環系を備えたことを特徴とする燃料電池積層構造体。11. A fuel electrode is disposed on one side of the solid polymer electrolyte, and an oxidant electrode is disposed on the other side.
In a fuel cell laminate structure in which unit cells each having a separator disposed outside each electrode are arranged in a row along the axial direction to form a unit cell laminate, water is supplied to the oxidant separator of the unit cell laminate. A fuel cell laminated structure comprising a water circulation system for supplying and humidifying an oxidizing gas.
備えたことを特徴とする請求項１１記載の燃料電池積層
構造体。12. The fuel cell stack according to claim 11, wherein the water circulation system includes a humidification tank and a pump.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001055947A JP4621370B2 (en) | 2001-02-28 | 2001-02-28 | Fuel cell stack structure |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001055947A JP4621370B2 (en) | 2001-02-28 | 2001-02-28 | Fuel cell stack structure |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2002260708A true JP2002260708A (en) | 2002-09-13 |
| JP4621370B2 JP4621370B2 (en) | 2011-01-26 |
Family
ID=18916054
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001055947A Expired - Lifetime JP4621370B2 (en) | 2001-02-28 | 2001-02-28 | Fuel cell stack structure |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2005183358A (en) * | 2003-11-25 | 2005-07-07 | Toyota Motor Corp | Fuel cell |
| WO2005099019A1 (en) * | 2004-03-31 | 2005-10-20 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Fuel cell stack |
| US7163199B2 (en) | 2003-11-25 | 2007-01-16 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Ventilation system for fuel cell water tank |
| CN100370645C (en) * | 2004-03-31 | 2008-02-20 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | fuel cell stack |
| US7803474B2 (en) | 2003-07-22 | 2010-09-28 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Thermal stress tolerant fuel cell assembly within a housing |
| US7833678B2 (en) | 2003-03-06 | 2010-11-16 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Fuel cell stack |
| KR101342662B1 (en) | 2012-01-10 | 2013-12-16 | 지에스칼텍스 주식회사 | Fuel cell system having high hydrogen utilization efficiency |
| WO2015087913A1 (en) * | 2013-12-11 | 2015-06-18 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | Fuel cell stack and fuel cell module |
| JP2015204261A (en) * | 2014-04-16 | 2015-11-16 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | Fuel battery stack |
| KR20190124428A (en) * | 2018-04-26 | 2019-11-05 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | Fuel cell stack |
| WO2023050284A1 (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2023-04-06 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | Power unit, end structure, and vehicle |
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| US7833678B2 (en) | 2003-03-06 | 2010-11-16 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Fuel cell stack |
| US7803474B2 (en) | 2003-07-22 | 2010-09-28 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Thermal stress tolerant fuel cell assembly within a housing |
| JP2005183358A (en) * | 2003-11-25 | 2005-07-07 | Toyota Motor Corp | Fuel cell |
| US7163199B2 (en) | 2003-11-25 | 2007-01-16 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Ventilation system for fuel cell water tank |
| WO2005099019A1 (en) * | 2004-03-31 | 2005-10-20 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Fuel cell stack |
| CN100370645C (en) * | 2004-03-31 | 2008-02-20 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | fuel cell stack |
| US7855026B2 (en) | 2004-03-31 | 2010-12-21 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Fuel cell stack |
| KR101342662B1 (en) | 2012-01-10 | 2013-12-16 | 지에스칼텍스 주식회사 | Fuel cell system having high hydrogen utilization efficiency |
| WO2015087913A1 (en) * | 2013-12-11 | 2015-06-18 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | Fuel cell stack and fuel cell module |
| JP6093452B2 (en) * | 2013-12-11 | 2017-03-08 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | Fuel cell stack and fuel cell module |
| JPWO2015087913A1 (en) * | 2013-12-11 | 2017-03-16 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | Fuel cell stack and fuel cell module |
| CN105814727B (en) * | 2013-12-11 | 2018-09-25 | 日本特殊陶业株式会社 | Fuel cell pack and fuel cell module |
| US10181608B2 (en) | 2013-12-11 | 2019-01-15 | Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. | Fuel cell stack and fuel cell module |
| JP2015204261A (en) * | 2014-04-16 | 2015-11-16 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | Fuel battery stack |
| KR20190124428A (en) * | 2018-04-26 | 2019-11-05 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | Fuel cell stack |
| KR102514144B1 (en) * | 2018-04-26 | 2023-03-24 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | Fuel cell stack |
| WO2023050284A1 (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2023-04-06 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | Power unit, end structure, and vehicle |
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