JP2002139100A - Sliding bearing type base isolation device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve the problem in a conventional device that simple and flat slide discs are piled only, so that friction coefficient is not sufficiently lower when the device is used. SOLUTION: In a pair of adjacent slide discs of a sliding bearing type base isolation device, a face of one slide discs that faces a face of the other slide disc has a plurality of slide pieces 9, 9a, etc., extremely small in friction resistance against an abutting face of the face of the other slide disc to be fixedly disposed. The friction resistance of the face of the other slide disc is made to be extremely small to reduce a contact area of the abutting face and increase bearing pressure, resulting in reduction in friction coefficient.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a sliding bearing type seismic isolation device for a building which prevents the collapse or destruction of buildings, bridges (including elevated roads and railway tracks), etc. due to an earthquake.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in such a sliding bearing type seismic isolation device, in order to vibrate a building, a bridge or the like in a long cycle, a plurality of slide plates having a low friction coefficient on the front and back surfaces are stacked. Things can be seen. And, in order to reduce the force acting on an ordinary house in the event of an earthquake, in particular, a general house by the above-mentioned sliding bearing type seismic isolation device, the horizontal deformation capacity of the seismic isolation device is ± 35 cm or more
The stability limit displacement needs to be ± 30 cm or more, and therefore, the outer diameter of the seismic isolation device needs to be 40 cm or more.

[0003]

However, in the above-mentioned sliding bearing type seismic isolation device, especially in the case of a general house, since the mass is small, it is necessary to increase the outer diameter so that it can cope with a large earthquake. However, the larger the diameter, the lower the surface pressure of the sliding contact surface of the slide plate. Therefore, it is difficult to use the slide plate with a sufficiently low friction coefficient.

[0004]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the problem that a simple slide plate having a low friction coefficient cannot be used simply by stacking plate-like slide plates based on the above-mentioned prior art. A plurality of slide pieces with extremely low frictional resistance of the contact surface with the other opposing surface are fixed to one opposing surface of a pair of adjacent slide disks in the vibration device, and the frictional resistance of the other opposing surface is fixed. The above-mentioned problem is solved by reducing the friction coefficient by reducing the contact area of one of the slide disks and increasing the surface pressure of the friction surface.

[0005]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIGS. 17 and 18, the seismic isolation device 1 is placed at an appropriate position on the concrete foundation A of the building W.
1a ... is arranged and fixed, and the seismic isolation device 1, 1a ...
A base B is constructed on the base, a building W is constructed on the base B, and the seismic isolation device 1 is installed between the concrete foundation A and the base B.
1a ... is interposed. Concrete foundation A
Is basically composed of a flat main portion C constructed on the ground and a rising wall portion D which is erected and integrated on the outer peripheral portion of the main portion C. Base B right above
Is located at the outer periphery. Are integrally formed at the positions of the seismic isolation devices 1, 1a,... In the main part C, and the seismic isolation devices 1, 1a,. A plurality of anchor bolts F, Fa...

In each of the seismic isolation devices 1, 1a,.
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 12, the slide bearing 2 includes slide bearings 3 having slide disks 2, 2 a..., And cushioning parts 4 arranged in series above and / or below the slide bearings 3.
Specifically, the upper and lower openings of the cylindrical body 5 formed of an elastic material such as synthetic resin or rubber (hereinafter, referred to as an elastic synthetic resin) are closed by a pair of upper and lower fixing plates 6 and 6a. A plurality of slide disks 2, 2a... Stacked vertically are accommodated in the cylindrical body 5, and upper and / or lower fixed plates 6, 6a and uppermost and / or lowermost slides are accommodated. A buffer 4 is provided between the disks 2, 2a,.
It is desirable that the cylindrical body 5 be formed so as to be horizontally deformed by a low reaction force and to have elasticity that automatically recovers after unloading.

First, as shown in FIG. 2, each of the slide disks 2, 2a,... Constituting the slide bearing portion 3 has substantially the same diameter as the inner diameter of the cylindrical body 5, and the upper and lower outer peripheral edges are chamfered. Have been. Also, a pair of adjacent slide disks 2, 2a
Are preferably made of different materials to improve the slidability of the slide disks 2, 2a. As a specific example, as shown in FIGS. 5 to 11, the slide disks 2, 2a... Are fixed to one of the disk body 8 and one of the front and back surfaces of the disk body 8. , And the frictional resistance of the other of the front and back surfaces of the disk main body 8 is extremely small. For slide pieces 9, 9a ...
As shown in FIG. 5, ones having different shapes are mixed and arranged regularly, or as shown in FIGS. 9 (a) to 9 (f),
Those having the same shape are regularly arranged. In the former slide pieces 9, 9a,..., The elongated pieces are radially arranged, and the small circular pieces are arranged between them. The latter slide piece 9,
9a, as shown in FIG. 9 (a), a plurality of small circular shapes are arranged in a row in the radial direction, and a similar small circular shape is formed between the arrangement rows. Objects are arranged, or, as shown in FIGS. 9 (b) to 9 (f), those simply formed in a rectangular shape, an elongated flat plate shape or a substantially fan shape in the circumferential direction. Also, as shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, slide pieces 9, 9a...
It may be arranged so as to be concentric with the center of the disk main body 8. It is desirable that the slide pieces 9, 9a,... Be fitted and fixed in fitting recesses 10, 10a,. . Further, the other of the front and back surfaces of the disk body 8 is made to have a smooth surface such as a mirror-finished surface to minimize the frictional resistance. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 7 and 8, a plate-shaped or sheet-shaped slide member 11 is fixed to the other of the front and back surfaces of the disk body 8. As shown in FIGS.

The material of the disk body 8, the slide pieces 9, 9a, and the plate-shaped slide member 11 in the slide disks 2, 2a, are, for example, polyacetal resin,
Excellent in self-lubricating properties and abrasion resistance such as polyester resin and nylon resin (nylon 6, nylon 66) and hard plastics. Hard plastics are made of glass fiber, carbon fiber, asbestos, calcium carbonate,
Various inorganic fillers such as mica (mica), whiskers, etc., or solid lubricants such as molybdenum disulfide, carbon powder, graphite, etc. are mixed. The ceramic is coated with a fluororesin such as fluoroethylene, or the front and back surfaces are smooth. In addition, glass fiber, carbon fiber, asbestos, calcium carbonate, mica (mica), whisker, or the like is mixed with the above-mentioned fluororesin as a reinforcing material, or molybdenum disulfide, carbon powder, graphite, or the like is mixed as a filler. Alternatively, the surface pressure may be increased by improving the strength of the coating layer, or the friction coefficient of the surface of the coating layer may be reduced. The sheet-shaped slide member 11 is formed of a thin and hard material having a low surface friction coefficient, such as a mirror-finished nylon sheet.

Further, circular recesses 12 and 12a are provided at the center of the sliding contact surfaces 7 and 7a of the adjacent slide disks 2, 2a..., And a stopper disk 13 thicker than the depth of the lower circular recess 12a is provided in the accommodation space 9. Accommodating. As shown in FIG. 4, disk-shaped sliders 14 and 14a having a diameter larger than that of the stopper disk 13 are fixed on both front and back surfaces of the stopper disk 13,
On the other hand, relief grooves 15 and 15a are provided around the inner peripheral surface of the circular concave portions 12 and 12a of the slide disks 2, 2a.
By inserting the sliders 14 and 14a into 15a, the stopper disc 13 can be brought into contact with the inner peripheral surfaces of the circular concave portions 12 and 12a.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the buffer section 4 has an intermediate flange plate 16 having the same diameter as the slide disks 2, 2a, and one fixed member mounted on the intermediate flange plate 16. Or, as shown in FIG. 12, the buffering part 4 may be constituted by a plurality of buffering bodies 17, or the buffering part 4 may be a simple disk-shaped rubber plate. The upper part of the body 17 is fixed to the lower surface of the upper fixed plate 6a.
In addition, the buffer 17 is formed of a vibration-proof rubber, a high-damping rubber, or the like, and the shape and the number thereof are as shown in FIGS. A plurality of holes 19, 19a,... Are regularly arranged on the intermediate flange plate 16, or as shown in FIG. In another embodiment, as shown in FIG. 13, a plurality of shock absorbers 17 are formed in a ring shape having different diameters and are arranged concentrically on the intermediate flange plate 16, or as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 1, one buffer 17 is formed in a spiral shape and is arranged at the center on the intermediate flange plate 16. still,
The buffer 17 is formed of a material having the property of being deformed by a horizontal load, that is, not deformed by a vertical load, that is, a compressive load, or being deformed only slightly.
Metal plate such as thin steel plate, hard plate 2 made of ceramic, etc.
0, 20a ... and a soft plate 21, 21a made of an elastic material such as rubber
Are alternately laminated. When a specific example thereof is formed, as shown in FIG. 2, a hard plate 20, 20a is placed between a pair of vertically arranged flanges 23, 23a in a rubber cylindrical body 22.
And the soft plates 21, 21a are alternately stacked. Although not shown, in other embodiments, a plurality of hard plates arranged at predetermined intervals are embedded and integrated in a rubber cylinder. That is, the hard plate is embedded in the cylindrical body so that the rubber material forming the column is interposed between the hard plates and between the adjacent hard plates, and the outer periphery of the hard plate is surrounded by the rubber material forming the column. are doing. In addition, a plurality of cylindrical cushions
In the case of seismic isolation devices 1, 1a ...
The number of the buffers 17 is about 1 to 10, preferably 3 to 8
And more preferably 4 to 6. Also, buffer 17
, The number of laminations of the hard plates 20, 20a, and the soft plates 21, 21a, and the material of the soft plates 21, 21a, etc. are the building W, the allowable deformation required during an earthquake, the allowable response acceleration, and the building. Object W
Therefore, the buffer 17 designed under optimum conditions is used.

The fixing plates 6, 6a fixed to the upper and lower portions of the cylindrical body 5 are made of metal, and as shown in FIGS. 24, 24a…
To the upper fixing plate 6a, joint bolts J described later,
.. Are formed respectively.

A metal flange is provided on the upper and lower outer peripheral portions of the cylindrical body 5.
26, 26a are fixedly mounted, and fixing plates 6, 6a for closing the opening of the cylindrical body 5 are fixed to the upper and lower portions of the flanges 26, 26a with bolts and nuts. Are desirably stacked in the manufacturing process. In this case, the structure is such that the bolts and nuts do not protrude from the fixing plates 6, 6a.

In another embodiment of the seismic isolation device 1, 1a, as shown in FIG. 15, there is no buffer portion 4, and the slide disks 2, 2a, the cylindrical body 5 and the fixing plate 6, It may be constituted only by 6a.

As shown in FIG. 18, the seismic isolation devices 1, 1a,.
It is desirable to interpose a mounting plate 27 between the base plate B and the base plate B. The mounting plate 27 has a shape depending on the installation location of the seismic isolation device 1, 1a, as shown in FIGS. Are different.

It is preferable that not only the seismic isolation devices 1, 1a... Be installed but also a damping device (not shown) for damping and transmitting vibration be mixed. In addition to filling the granular material, a fixing plate is provided below the cylindrical body, and the granular material is, for example, a thermoplastic resin chip such as a PET chip, sand, metal particles, or glass particles. In the case of granules or glass granules, it is desirable to melt and process the discarded PET bottles, iron scraps, other metal scraps, empty bottles, etc., to make them into granules, and to recycle them. The finer the grain size, the better.

The seismic isolation devices 1, 1a,... Are not installed only on the concrete foundation A for wooden buildings.
It can be installed on the upper surface of the foundation of other buildings or the upper surface of the pillar of the bridge. In these cases, similarly, a plurality of anchor bolts F, Fa...
Is projected.

Next, a method of constructing a building W using the seismic isolation device according to the present invention will be described. (1) Build the concrete foundation A. (2) Insertion hole 2 of fixing plate 6 below each seismic isolation device 1, 1a ...
The seismic isolation devices 1, 1a are mounted on the mounting bases E, Ea so that the anchor bolts F, Fa are inserted into 4, 24a, and nuts N, Na are screwed into the protruding ends. Fitted and fastened, on the mounting bases E, Ea ..., that is, concrete foundation A
The seismic isolation devices 1, 1a,. (3) Build base B on seismic isolation device 1, 1a ...
As shown in FIGS. 8 and 19, the seismic isolation devices 1, 1a... Are interposed between the concrete foundation A and the base B. (4) The base G is laid on the base B, and the building W is constructed on the base G.

In the base B, the seismic isolation device 1, 1a
Are mounted on the adjacent seismic isolation devices 1, 1a, or at predetermined positions between the adjacent steel frames H, Ha, and the steel frames H, Ha,. Reinforcing bars (not shown) are arranged between adjacent steel frames H, Ha..., And concrete is poured in to form a steel reinforced concrete structure.
A plate body such as a deck plate or a PC plate may be placed and fixed on the steel frames H, Ha. Further, in the drawing, in the base board B, the whole of the steel frames H, Ha... Is not made of steel reinforced concrete, only the outer part of the building W is made of steel reinforced concrete, and the inner part is made of steel. The base G is mounted and fixed on the steel frames H, Ha. Therefore, as shown in FIGS. 16 and 18, the mounting plate 27 is set on the seismic isolation devices 1, 1a.
After installing Ha ..., the fixed plate above the seismic isolation device 1, 1a ...
6a insertion holes 25, 25a ..., mounting plate 27 and steel frames H, H
a… Joint bolts J that penetrate the lower flange of J
The nuts N, Na are screwed and fastened to the protruding ends of the base a to fix the base B to the seismic isolation devices 1, 1a.

Next, the operation of the seismic isolation device in the building according to the present invention will be described. The building W on the concrete foundation A is mounted and fixed on the seismic isolation device 1, 1a,.
The whole building W shakes in a long cycle, and the vibration due to the earthquake is attenuated and transmitted to the building W by the vibration damping means. Specifically, since the apparatus main body 2 has a cylindrical shape, no matter which direction the roll comes from, the apparatus body 2 is similarly deformed in accordance with the direction, and the cylindrical body 5 is easily deformable in the horizontal direction. At the same time, since the inside is composed of the slide disks 2, 2a,..., The horizontal rigidity of the apparatus main body 2 is low, and the building W can be vibrated in a long cycle. Further, the slide disks 2, 2a,... Do not cause compression deformation due to the load of the building W and no vertical deformation at the time of deformation, and the horizontal rigidity of the apparatus main body 2 does not increase. Therefore, the seismic isolation device 1, 1a,... According to the present invention sets the horizontal rigidity of the device main body 2 so that the deformation starts when a horizontal force greater than the wind load due to the strong typhoon acts, or If a measure is taken, it shakes in the same manner as before with respect to a weak earthquake, but does not shake due to a strong wind, and exerts a function of vibrating the entire building W integrally with a long cycle against a strong earthquake.

The seismic isolation devices 1, 1a,... Shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 are designed to absorb the initial external force by deforming the shock absorber 17 at the initial stage of the action of the sudden external force. , The easiness of deformation of the uppermost portion of the seismic isolation devices 1, 1a,... However, even if vertical vibration acts, the shock absorber 17
Is transmitted to the building W after being compressed and deformed and absorbed, so that the pitching of the building W is reduced. In other words, the buffer 17 also has a function as a buffer against a vertical external force.

The seismic isolation devices 1, 1a,... Are provided between the concrete foundation A and the building W so that the building W
And the concrete foundation A are separated, and the transmission of the vibration due to the earthquake to the building W is suppressed.

The area of one sliding contact surface 7 (slide pieces 9, 9a...) Of adjacent slide disks 2, 2a.
Is smaller than the other sliding contact surface 7a, the load acting per unit area increases, that is, the surface pressure increases, and the friction coefficient of the sliding contact surfaces 7, 7a is suppressed to be low. It becomes possible. Specifically, if the friction coefficient under long-term surface pressure is about 0.05 to 0.06, the slide does not slide even in a strong wind, but the slide disks 2, 2a,.
It was possible to reduce the friction coefficient to 0.03 or less at the sliding contact surfaces 7 and 7a. However, in practice, 0.05
In the following, since the slider slides under a strong wind, it is necessary to separately take a means for preventing vibration due to a strong wind. Therefore, it is preferable to set the distance to about 0.05 to 0.06. Therefore, the friction coefficient can be adjusted by the ratio of the area of one sliding contact surface 7 (total area of the sliding contact surfaces 7 of the slide pieces 9, 9a,...) To the area of the other sliding contact surface 7a. .

As shown in FIG. 4, the slide of the slide disks 2, 2a,...
The slide disc 13 is slid, and the stopper disc 13 is brought into contact with the peripheral surface of the other circular recess 12a so that the slide between them is stopped. The above-described operations are sequentially performed between the adjacent slide disks 2, 2a,... The inclination deformation angle of the seismic isolation devices 1, 1a,... Is not limited to the above-mentioned approximately 45 degrees because it varies depending on the number, diameter, thickness, and maximum sliding amount of the slide disks 2, 2a. It is desirable to set. In addition, each slide disk 2, 2a is
The slide amount of ... is regulated, and all the slide disks 2,
The sum of the sliding amounts of 2a ... is the horizontal deformation amount of the seismic isolation devices 1, 1a ..., and the seismic isolation devices 1, 1a ...
When viewed from above, the lowermost ones of the slide disks 2, 2a... Partially overlap and do not buckle vertically even by the load of the building W.

If the other is slid in sliding contact with one of the same material, the sliding performance is inferior. However, the sliding contact surfaces 7, 7a of a pair of adjacent sliding disks 2, 2a. Because of the difference, the slide performance is improved.

[0025]

In summary, the present invention is directed to a plurality of slide pieces in which the frictional resistance of one of the opposing surfaces 7 of a pair of adjacent slide disks 2, 2a... Are fixed and the frictional resistance of the other opposing surface 7a is extremely small, so that each slide piece 9, 9a... In one slide disk 2, 2a.
The sliding contact surface 7 of the other slide disk 2 comes in contact with the sliding contact surface 7a of the other slide disk 2, 2a, so that the contact area of the sliding contact surfaces 7, 7a can be reduced. Can be reduced by increasing the surface pressure of the slide disks 2, 2a..., That is, even if the outer diameter of the seismic isolation devices 1, 1a. You can slide with good reaction. By reducing the size of the slide pieces 9, 9a, the amount of expensive low-friction material used for the slide pieces 9, 9a, can be reduced. Has a tremendous practical effect, such as a reduction in selling price.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view of a seismic isolation device.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line XX of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing a maximum deformation state of the seismic isolation device of FIG.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a main part of a central vertical section of the seismic isolation device having a stopper disk provided with a slide plate.

FIG. 5 is a plan view of a slide disk.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along line YY of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a sectional view of another embodiment of FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is a sectional view of another embodiment of FIG. 6;

FIG. 9 is a plan view showing another embodiment of six patterns of the slide disk.

FIG. 10 is a plan view showing another embodiment of the slide disk.

11 is a sectional view taken along the line ZZ in FIG.

FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of the seismic isolation device using a rubber plate as a buffer.

FIG. 13 is a horizontal cross-sectional view of a seismic isolation device in which a plurality of shock absorbers are formed in an irregular ring shape.

FIG. 14 is a horizontal sectional view of the seismic isolation device in which one buffer is formed in a spiral shape.

FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view of the seismic isolation device without a buffer.

FIG. 16 is a plan view of three patterns showing a state where an attachment plate to a base is fixed to the seismic isolation device.

FIG. 17 is a sectional view of a building on which a seismic isolation device is installed.

FIG. 18 is an enlarged view of a main part of FIG. 17;

[Explanation of symbols]

 2, 2a ... Slide disk 7, 7a Opposing surface 9, 9a ... Slide piece

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page F term (reference) 2D046 DA13 3J048 AA03 AC01 AD05 BA08 BE12 BG04 DA01 EA38

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A plurality of slide disks stacked vertically in a cylindrical body made of an elastic synthetic resin or rubber, and fixed to a concrete foundation and a building at upper and lower portions of the cylindrical body. In a seismic isolation device provided with a plate, a plurality of slide pieces having extremely reduced frictional resistance of a contact surface with the other opposing surface are fixedly mounted on one opposing surface of a pair of adjacent slide disks, and A sliding bearing-type seismic isolation device characterized in that the frictional resistance of the facing surface of the sliding bearing is extremely small. 2. A slide bearing in which a plurality of slide disks having a low coefficient of friction are stacked and housed in a cylindrical body made of an elastic synthetic resin or rubber, and connected in series above and / or below the slide bearing. The seismic isolation device, which is configured to have a buffering portion which is easily elastically deformed in the horizontal direction, has elasticity, and has a small compressive deformation with respect to a vertical load, is provided on one opposed surface of a pair of adjacent slide disks and the other. A sliding bearing type seismic isolation device characterized in that a plurality of slide pieces having extremely reduced frictional resistance of the contact surface to the opposing surface are fixed and the frictional resistance of the other opposing surface is extremely reduced.