JP2002130369A - Electromagnetic suspension device - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Problem] To provide an electromagnetic suspension device capable of generating a large thrust / damping force. SOLUTION: A longitudinal member 4A includes first and second guide members 1.
0A, 11 and the first guide member 10A
Are provided on the first cylindrical member 20 and the inner member 23 which is erected on the bottom portion 2 of the outer cylindrical member 3 and whose leading end is slidably inserted into the hole 25 of the first cylindrical member 20. And a first guide member sliding portion 24. The elongated member 4A is slidably supported by the inner member 23 and the second guide member 11 inserted into the hole 25 of the elongated member first cylindrical portion 20, and the magnet member 7 required in the prior art is required. Since the first guide member main body disposed in the air gap (air gap) between the first guide member and the outer cylinder member 3 is eliminated and the air gap is reduced, the coil 6
The magnetic flux density passing through is improved, a large thrust / damping force can be obtained, and the vibration suppression performance can be improved. The drive device can be reduced in size and power consumption can be reduced.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an actuator and a damper for suppressing vibration by electromagnetic force, and
The present invention relates to an electromagnetic suspension device suitable for use in railway vehicles, structures, buildings, and the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As an example of a conventional electromagnetic suspension device, a rotary motor and a linear motion for converting the rotational motion of a rotor of the rotary motor into linear motion instead of a damping force generating mechanism such as an orifice of a hydraulic damper. There is an electromagnetic suspension device using a rotation conversion mechanism or using a linear motor. The electromagnetic suspension device displaces a movable part by energizing the motor to actively operate a motor as an original motor (actuator), while generating a (passive) damping force by using the motor as a generator. ing.

Since the damping force when the motor is used as a generator is proportional to the magnitude of the current flowing through the coil, if the magnitude of the current flowing through the coil can be adjusted to make the damping force variable. Good. To adjust the current flowing through the coil, provide a variable resistor in the circuit, turn on the circuit,
It can be easily realized by controlling the on / off time of the switch to be turned off.

For this reason, a so-called semi-active damper, which variably controls the damping force of an electromagnetic suspension device in accordance with a stroke speed or a stroke position, or variably controls in real time so as to suppress the vibration of a controlled object, is compared with that of a so-called semi-active damper. It is easy. Further, when the electromagnetic suspension device is configured as a semi-active damper (used as a generator), it is not necessary to apply electric energy to the electromagnetic suspension device, and power consumption can be extremely reduced.

[0005] In addition, if the electromagnetic suspension device is used as a motor by applying electric energy thereto, an arbitrary force can be easily generated. Therefore, a force is applied to increase the damping force or to generate an arbitrary force. As a result, it is possible to operate as an active suspension to enhance the vibration suppressing effect, and a method of increasing the vibration suppressing effect in this way has been proposed.

FIGS. 4 and 5 show an example of the above-described electromagnetic suspension device acting as a generator and a motor. 4 and 5, in the electromagnetic suspension device 1, a longitudinal member 4 made of a magnetic material is inserted into a cylindrical outer cylindrical member 3 having a bottom 2 so as to be relatively expandable and contractable.

A plurality of coils 6 are fixed to the inner diameter side of the outer cylinder member 3 in the axial direction. A plurality of magnet members 7 are fixed to the outer peripheral side of the elongated member 4 in the axial direction. As shown in FIG. 5, the magnet member 7 has an outer peripheral portion (upper side in FIG. 5) and an inner peripheral portion (lower side in FIG. 5) having an N pole and an S pole, respectively, or vice versa. The magnetic poles that are magnetized and that are adjacent in the axial direction are alternately N poles and S poles. The portion of the longitudinal member 4 where the magnet member 7 is provided constitutes a part of the magnetic circuit 8, and constitutes a magnetic circuit component 9a.

The longitudinal member 4 is slidably supported by first and second guide members 10 and 11 provided between the longitudinal member 4 and the outer cylindrical member 3, and is movable in the axial direction.
The magnet member 7 provided on the longitudinal member 4 and the coil 6 provided on the outer cylinder member 3 are relatively displaced.

The first guide member 10 has a cylindrical first guide member body 10a provided inside the coil 6 and an annular member provided on the outer peripheral side of a large diameter portion 13 formed at one end of the elongated member 4. And the first guide member sliding portion 10b. The second guide member 11 is a substantially annular second guide member main body 11 held at the opening (the other end portion) of the outer cylindrical member 3.
a, and a second guide member sliding portion 11b provided on the inner peripheral portion of the second guide member main body 11a and sliding on the elongated member 4.

In this electromagnetic suspension device 1, if the longitudinal member 4 makes a stroke with respect to the outer cylindrical member 3, ie, the coil 6, an electromotive force is generated in the coil 6 according to Fleming's right hand rule. That is, the electromagnetic damper 5 including the magnet member 7 and the coil 6 acts as a power generator. For example, if the terminals of the coil 6 are temporarily short-circuited to form a closed circuit including the coil 6, a current flows through the coil 6. As a result, the electromagnetic suspension device 1 generates a resistance force, that is, a damping force, according to the relative displacement speed of the longitudinal member 4 with respect to the outer cylindrical member 3. If a current is applied to the coil 6 according to the relative positional relationship (electrical angle) between the coil 6 and the magnet member 7, the electromagnetic suspension device 1 acts as a motor (actuator).

As described above, when the electromagnetic suspension device 1 operates as a generator or a motor, the magnetic circuit 8 is configured as shown in FIG. That is, of the magnetic flux (indicated by arrow G) generated from the N pole of the magnet member 7, the flow of the magnetic flux passing through the coil 6 (the flow of the magnetic flux on the upper side in FIG. 5).
Is the N pole of the magnet member 7 → the first guide member main body 10a →
Coil 6 → outer cylinder member 3 → coil 6 → first
The guide member main body 10a follows the route of the S pole of the magnet member 7. The flow of the magnetic flux on the side that does not pass through the coil 6 (the flow of the magnetic flux on the lower side in FIG. 5) follows the route of the N pole of the magnet member 7 → the longitudinal member 4 → the S pole of the magnet member 7.

[0012]

In the above-described electromagnetic suspension device 1, the magnet member 7 and the outer cylinder member 3
If the air gap (air gap) 14 between them is large, the density of the magnetic flux passing through the coil 6 decreases, and the thrust / damping force decreases. Then, the thrust / damping force greatly decreases in a quadratic curve with respect to the size of the air gap 14. In order to suppress such a decrease in thrust / damping force, it is desired that the electromagnetic suspension device 1 described above has a small air gap 14.

However, in the above-described electromagnetic suspension device 1, the first guide member main body 10a having a predetermined thickness is inserted between the coil 6 and the magnet member 7 to maintain a predetermined strength. The fact is that the air gap 14 is correspondingly large and cannot meet the above demand.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and has as its object to provide an electromagnetic suspension device that can generate a large thrust / damping force.

[0015]

According to the first aspect of the present invention,
A longitudinal member is inserted into the outer cylinder member so as to be relatively displaceable, and a plurality of magnet members are provided in one of the outer cylinder member and the longitudinal member over a predetermined length in the axial direction. A plurality of coil members are provided over a predetermined length in the axial direction, and the outer cylinder member and the longitudinal member include a cylindrical magnetic circuit component that forms a magnetic circuit adjacent to the magnet member or the coil member, In an electromagnetic suspension device that generates an electromotive force or a propulsion force by a relative displacement of a longitudinal member with respect to an outer cylinder member, the longitudinal member and the outer cylinder member are inserted into a hole formed on one end side of the longitudinal member, and the outer cylinder is A first guide member provided on one end side of the member and a second guide member provided on the other end side of the outer cylinder member for guiding the outer peripheral portion on the other end side of the elongate member; It is characterized by.

[0016]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An electromagnetic suspension device 1A according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The description of the parts and members equivalent to the parts and members shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 will be omitted as appropriate.

1 and 2, an electromagnetic suspension device 1A is constructed by inserting a longitudinal member 4A made of a magnetic material into a bottomed cylindrical outer material 3 made of a magnetic material so as to be relatively expandable and contractable. I have. One end side (right side in FIG. 1) of the elongated member 4A is inserted into the outer cylinder member 3, for example, the bottom 2 side of the outer cylinder member 3 is fixed to the axle side of the automobile, and the other end side of the elongated member 4A (FIG. (Left side) is fixed to the vehicle body side.

The longitudinal member 4A has a cylindrical shape, and has a thick wall at one end and a thin wall at the other end. Hereinafter, one end of the elongated member 4A is referred to as a first tubular portion 20 of the elongated member, and the other end is referred to as a second tubular portion 21 of the elongated member. A step 22 is formed on the outer peripheral side of the connecting portion between the first tubular member 20 and the second tubular member 21, and the longitudinal member 4 </ b> A has a stepped shape.

A plurality of magnet members 7 are fixed in the axial direction on the outer peripheral side of the first cylindrical portion 20 of the elongated member. Magnet member 7
As shown in FIG. 2, the outer periphery (upper side of FIG. 2) and the inner periphery (lower side of FIG. 2) are magnetized so that they have N pole and S pole, respectively, or vice versa. The adjacent magnetic poles are alternately N-poles and S-poles.

The first cylindrical portion 20 of the elongated member forms a part of the magnetic circuit 8 and forms a magnetic circuit component 9 a adjacent to the magnet member 7. In this embodiment, the magnetic circuit component 9a adjacent to the magnet member 7 forms a part of the elongated member 4A and is integrated with the elongated member 4A. In addition, the magnetic circuit component adjacent to the magnet member 7 may be configured as a separate member from the longitudinal member 4A. Also,
When the magnetic circuit component adjacent to the magnet member 7 is formed as a separate member from the elongated member 4A, the elongated member 4A may be made of a non-magnetic material.

A portion of the outer cylinder member 3 where the coil 6 is provided is a magnetic circuit component 9 adjacent to the coil 6.
b. In the present embodiment, the magnetic circuit component 9b adjacent to the coil 6 forms a part of the outer cylinder member 3 and is integrated with the outer cylinder member 3. Note that the magnetic circuit component adjacent to the coil 6 may be configured as a member separate from the outer cylinder member 3. When the magnetic circuit component adjacent to the coil 6 is formed of a member different from the outer cylinder member 3, the outer cylinder member 3 may be made of a non-magnetic material.

The elongate member 4A is slidably supported by first and second guide members 10A and 11 provided between the elongate member 4A and the outer cylinder member 3, and is movable in the axial direction. The magnet member 7 provided on the longitudinal member 4A is
Is relatively displaced with respect to the coil 6 provided in the first position.

The first guide member 10A includes a cylindrical inner member 23 made of a non-magnetic material such as aluminum, which is integrally formed upright on the bottom 2 of the outer cylindrical member 3, and a first cylindrical member 20 of the longitudinal member.
Annular sliding portion (first guide member sliding portion 24) provided on
It is composed of The inner member 23 may be integrated with the outer cylinder member 3 and may be fastened to the outer cylinder member 3 using a bolt or the like. The distal end side of the inner member 23 is slidably inserted into the hole 25 of the first tubular portion 20 of the elongated member. The first guide member sliding portion 24 is provided with an annular cutout 2 formed on the inner periphery of the end portion of the first tubular portion 20.
0a.

The second guide member 11 is provided at a substantially annular second guide member main body 11a held at an opening (the other end side portion) of the outer cylindrical member 3 and at an inner peripheral portion of the second guide member main body 11a. Guide member sliding portion 11b which slides on the longitudinal member 4A
And is composed of

In this electromagnetic suspension device 1A, if the longitudinal member 4A makes a stroke with respect to the outer cylindrical member 3, that is, the coil 6, the coil 6 is moved in accordance with Fleming's right hand rule.
Generates an electromotive force. That is, the electromagnetic suspension device 1A acts as a generator, temporarily short-circuits the terminals of the coil 6, and forms a closed circuit including the coil 6 if the closed circuit including the coil 6 is formed.
Current flows through As a result, the electromagnetic suspension device 1A generates a resistance, that is, a damping force, corresponding to the relative speed of the longitudinal member 4A to the outer cylinder member 3.

When a current is applied to the coil 6 according to the relative positional relationship (electrical angle) between the coil 6 and the magnet member 7, the electromagnetic suspension device 1A acts as a motor (actuator).

As described above, when the electromagnetic suspension device 1A operates as a generator or a motor, the magnetic circuit 8 is configured as shown in FIG. That is, the magnet member 7
Of the magnetic flux (indicated by arrow G) generated from the N pole of FIG.
Is the N pole of the magnet member 7 → the coil 6 → the outer cylinder member 3
→ Follow the path of the coil 6 → S pole of the magnet member 7. The flow of magnetic flux on the side not passing through the coil 6 (FIG. 2)
The lower magnetic flux flow) follows the route of the N pole of the magnet member 7 → the first cylindrical portion 20 of the elongated member → the S pole of the magnet member 7.

If the coil 6 is divided into three phases of U, V and W phases and a current is applied to the coil 6 in accordance with the relative positional relationship (electrical angle) with the magnet member 7, this electromagnetic suspension The device 1A functions as a motor (actuator) [a three-phase synchronous motor].

The electromagnetic suspension device 1A further includes three Hall elements provided corresponding to three phases (U, V, W phases). In an electromagnetic suspension device using a three-phase synchronous linear motor, when operating as an actuator, the energization to each coil 6 constituting the three phases (U, V, W phases) changes according to the stroke. It is necessary to control according to the relative position (electrical angle) between the coil 6 and the magnet member 7. The Hall element is used as a position sensor for detecting an electrical angle, and controls energization of the coil 6 in accordance with the relative position (electrical angle) of the coil 6 to the magnet member 7 detected by the Hall element (position sensor). I do it.

Here, the principle of detecting the relative positional relationship between the coil 6 and the magnet member 7 using the Hall element will be described.

The Hall element generates a Hall voltage in accordance with the intensity of the magnetic field generated by the magnet member 7. When the coil 6 fixed to the outer cylinder member 3 moves in the axial direction relatively to the magnet member 7, the strength of the magnetic field passing through the Hall element periodically changes in accordance with the arrangement of the magnet member 7. Change. That is, the output voltage of the Hall element changes according to the relative positional relationship between the coil 6 and the magnet member 7, and the pattern of the change depends on the relative positional relationship between the coil 6 and the magnet member 7. Reproducible repeatedly. Therefore, the relative positional relationship between the coil 6 and the magnet member 7 can be detected.

Then, for example, the output voltage of the Hall element is corrected to a sine wave shape and converted into a pulse train or digital data by an R / D converter or the like. Suspension device 1
A can be operated as a motor (actuator) [a three-phase synchronous motor].

In the electromagnetic suspension device 1A configured as described above, the elongated member 4A is slidably supported by the inner member 23 and the second guide member 11 inserted into the hole 25 of the first cylindrical member 20 of the elongated member. According to the above-described conventional technique, the first guide member main body 10a disposed in the gap (air gap) 14 between the magnet member 7 and the outer cylinder member 3 can be eliminated, and the coil 6 and the magnet member 7 The air gap 14 between the magnet member 7 and the outer cylindrical member 3 is reduced by reducing the gap therebetween. For this reason, since the magnetic flux density passing through the coil 6 is improved, a large thrust / damping force can be obtained, and the vibration suppression performance can be improved.

Also, since the magnetic flux density passing through the coil 6 is improved to obtain a large thrust / damping force, a desired thrust / damping force is obtained.
The damping force can be obtained with less power as compared with the related art, and the drive device can be reduced in size and power consumption can be reduced.

In the prior art described above, the first guide member main body 10a is provided inside the coil 6, and the first guide member main body 10a prevents the heat generated by the coil 6 from being dissipated.
Although the heat radiation of the coil 6 is reduced, in the present embodiment, the first guide member main body 10a is not provided inside the coil 6 in the present embodiment, so that the heat radiation of the coil 6 is reduced. Improvement can be achieved.

Further, since the inner member 23 is made of a non-magnetic material, the leakage of magnetic flux from the magnetic circuit 8 is suppressed,
Can be maintained at a high value.
That is, if the inner member 23 is made of a magnetic material, a magnetic path G1 as shown in FIG. 3 is formed when a magnetic flux leaks from the magnetic circuit constituting portion 9a (the first tubular portion 20 of the longitudinal member). Accordingly, the magnetic flux density passing through the coil 6 is reduced. On the other hand, since the inner member 23 is made of a nonmagnetic material, the formation of the magnetic path G1 shown in FIG. 3 is suppressed, and the magnetic flux density passing through the coil 6 can be maintained at a high value.

In the present embodiment, the longitudinal member 4A has a step 22 at the connecting portion between the first longitudinal cylindrical member 20 and the second longitudinal cylindrical member 21, and the second longitudinal cylindrical member 21 is provided. It is thin, so that the magnetic flux of the magnetic circuit 8 does not easily escape. Therefore, thrust / damping force can be generated more effectively.

In the above embodiment, the case where the longitudinal member 4A is cylindrical is taken as an example. Instead, the other end is closed and the inner member 23 is slidably inserted into one end. It may be shaped to have a bottomed hole.

Further, in the above-described embodiment, the case where the inner member 23 inserted into the hole 25 of the first member 20 is cylindrical is described as an example. However, the present invention is not limited to this. It may be formed in a shaft shape.

In the above-described embodiment, the case where the first guide member sliding portion 24 is provided in the annular cutout portion 20a formed on the inner periphery on the end side of the first tubular portion 20 of the elongated member has been described as an example. However, an annular groove may be further formed on the outer peripheral side of the distal end portion of the inner member 23, and an annular sliding portion (referred to as a distal-side sliding portion) may be added to the annular groove. In this case, even when a lateral force is applied to the electromagnetic suspension device 1A, the sliding of the elongated member 4A with the inner member 23 can be performed smoothly.
In addition, when providing the said front-end | tip side sliding part, the 1st guide member sliding part 24 can also be abolished. Further, when the first guide member sliding portion 24 is abolished by providing the tip side sliding portion,
The end side portion of the first tubular member 20 in which the annular cutout portion 20a is formed, that is, the portion where the magnet member 7 is not provided may be omitted. By eliminating the end-side portion of the first tubular member 20, the stroke of the elongated member 4 </ b> A can be increased by the eliminated amount.

In the above-described embodiment, the case where the electromagnetic suspension device 1A is used for an automobile (the control object is a vehicle) is described as an example. However, the present invention is not limited to this. It may be used for structures and buildings.

[0042]

According to the present invention, the elongate member and the outer cylindrical member are inserted into the hole formed at one end of the elongate member and the first guide member provided at one end of the outer cylindrical member. And a second guide member provided on the other end side of the outer tubular member for guiding the outer peripheral portion on the other end side of the longitudinal member, and slidably supported by the second guide member,
Since the first guide member main body disposed in the gap (air gap) between the magnet member and the outer cylinder member, which is required in the prior art, is eliminated and the air gap is reduced, the magnetic flux density passing through the coil member is reduced. And a large thrust / damping force can be obtained, and the vibration suppression performance can be improved. Further, since the magnetic flux density passing through the coil member is improved to obtain a large thrust / damping force, a desired thrust / damping force is obtained.
The damping force can be obtained with less power as compared with the related art, and the drive device can be reduced in size and power consumption can be reduced. Furthermore, compared with the prior art in which the first guide member main body is provided inside the coil member, the first guide member main body that hinders heat radiation of the coil is eliminated, and the heat radiation property of the coil member can be improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an electromagnetic suspension device according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a magnetic circuit in the device of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a magnetic path formed when a magnetic flux leaks from a first cylindrical portion of a long member of the long member.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing an example of a conventional electromagnetic suspension device.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view schematically showing a magnetic circuit in the device of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 1A Electromagnetic suspension device 3 Outer cylinder member 4A Long member 10A First guide member 11 Second guide member 20 Long member first cylinder portion 23 Inner member 25 Hole

Claims (1)

[Claims] An elongated member is inserted into an outer cylinder member so as to be relatively displaceable, and a plurality of magnet members are axially inserted into one of the outer cylinder member and the elongated member over a predetermined length. A plurality of coil members are provided over a predetermined length in the axial direction on one of the other side, and the outer cylinder member and the longitudinal member are formed in a cylindrical magnetic circuit configuration forming a magnetic circuit adjacent to the magnet member or the coil member. An electromagnetic suspension device comprising a member and generating an electromotive force or a propulsion force by a relative displacement of the longitudinal member with respect to the outer cylindrical member, wherein the longitudinal member and the outer cylindrical member are formed in a hole formed at one end side of the longitudinal member. A first guide member inserted and provided on one end side of the outer cylinder member and a second guide member provided on the other end side of the outer cylinder member for guiding the outer peripheral portion on the other end side of the elongated member. It is characterized by being dynamically supported Electromagnetic suspension system that.