JP2002116298A - UTILIZATION METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR RADIATION ENERGY OF alpha-DECAY IN POWER GENERATION SYSTEM - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To construct a power generation system which realizes improved burning efficiency by utilizing radiation energy of natural radioactive elements and purifying the exhaust gas. SOLUTION: A fuel activation apparatus 5, an air supply activation apparatus 2 and a neutron energy irradiation device 2 are placed for irradiating supply fuel and suction air necessary for burning, in a burning device of the power generation system using fossil fuel, with radiation due to α-decay of naturally radiative elements radiating α-rays of 0.6 Bq/g or larger with neutrons being produced simultaneously, to convert oxygen contained in the suction air into active oxygen and to completely burn supply fuel. A water supply activation device 9, provided with an air-seasoning device, is placed also for water supply to steam generator and an exhaust gas purification device 7 provided with an air-seasoning device is also placed for exhaust gas from the burning device.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for improving combustion efficiency and purifying exhaust gas in a power generation system using fossil fuel by utilizing radiant energy due to alpha decay of a natural radioactive element.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a power generation system using coal or petroleum fuel, the power generation efficiency is improved by adopting a supercritical pressure boiler and increasing the capacity of a single unit. Exhaust gas is purified by installing a denitration device.

[0003] A combined cycle power generation system of a high-efficiency large gas turbine using liquefied natural gas (LNG) and a steam turbine for recovering high-temperature exhaust heat thereof burns clean natural gas. Although the power generation efficiency is about 50% and the exhaust gas is clean, the amount of CO ₂ and NO _X emitted is enormous.

[0004]

The purpose of the exhaust gas purifying means and the measures for improving the combustion in the conventional power generation system has been achieved by combining a plurality of means and increasing the size. There are also restrictions on available areas, LNG consumption, and the like, so this method cannot be applied to small and medium-capacity power generation systems, and emissions of NO _X and CO ₂ are large. Recently, with the technological advancement of micro gas turbines, a power generation system that generates electricity using LNG as fuel and simultaneously performs district heating and cooling with an exhaust gas recovery boiler has been developed, but measures to prevent environmental pollution due to exhaust gas are insufficient. .

The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and can cope with a power generation system which does not require an ultra-large size. Another object of the present invention is to provide a power generation system that is excellent in environmental measures and can improve combustion efficiency by complete combustion of fossil fuels.

[0006]

Means for Solving the Problems In a power generation system using fossil fuels, the supply fuel and intake air required for combustion of a combustion device are caused by alpha decay of a natural radioactive element that emits alpha rays of 0.6 becquerel / g or more. A fuel activation device 5 and an air supply activation device 2 that perform radiation irradiation and neutron irradiation, convert oxygen contained in the intake air into active oxygen, and completely burn the intake air and the supplied fuel are connected to a fuel supply system and an air supply. Install in the grid. Also, a water supply activation device 9 is installed in the water supply system for water supply to the steam generator, and an exhaust gas purification device 7 is also installed in the exhaust gas system. Further, the neutron energy irradiation device 3 is installed on the outlet side of the air supply activation device 2,
The neutron-irradiated intake air is returned to the air supply activation device 2.

[0007]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a power generation system according to the present invention. Fuel is supplied via a fuel pump 4 to a boiler combustion chamber 10 constituting the combustion device, and combustion air is supplied via an air supply fan 1.
Exhaust gas generated by combustion in the boiler combustion chamber 10 is exhausted through an exhaust fan 6. Further, feed water is supplied to a steam chamber 11 constituting the combustion device via a feed water pump 8, and a steam turbine 13 is rotated by steam 12 generated by combustion in the boiler combustion chamber 10.
The generator 14 connected to the main shaft 15 is driven to generate electric power.

FIG. 2 shows a point A in the air supply system of the combustion apparatus.
A fuel activation device 2 shown in FIG. 3 is installed at a point B in the fuel supply system. A water supply activation device 9 shown in FIG. 5 is installed at a point C in the water supply system for supplying water to the steam chamber 11, and an exhaust gas purification device 7 shown in FIG. Is installed. Further, a neutron energy irradiation device 3 shown in FIG. 6 is installed at a branch point E in the air supply system.

A ceramic ball made of a substance containing a natural radioactive element according to the present invention is a spherical ceramic having a diameter of about 100 mm formed by solidifying a granular or powdery ore with a coagulant. The composition of the ore that constitutes this ceramic is 100 ppm of alpha-decaying natural radioactive element.
/ G to 1 g / g (100%), and the radiation dose range is 0.6 becquerels / g or more.

FIG. 3 shows a schematic configuration of the fuel activating device 5. The fuel flowing from the inlet of the fuel activating device 5 by the fuel pump 4 is dispersed on a mesh-shaped shelf 21 by ceramics. -It flows down while contacting the balls 20, and is supplied from the outlet of the device 5 to the boiler combustion chamber 10 through contact with the ceramic balls 20 arranged on the multi-stage shelves 21. The fuel in the device 5 flows down while repeatedly contacting the large number of ceramic balls 20. During this time, the fuel is irradiated with radiant energy due to α-decay and irradiated with neutrons to be activated.

Since the internal structures of the air supply activation device 2, the exhaust gas purification device 7 and the water supply activation device 9 are the same,
Here, the air supply activation device 2 will be described as an example. Inside the air supply activation device 2, a plurality of mesh-shaped shelves having ceramic balls 20 dispersed therein are installed in a plurality of stages, and an aeration pipe 22 having an aeration hole is attached to the lower surface of each shelf. . The aeration air flowing into the aeration device, which is composed of the box 25 containing the ceramic balls 20 and the aeration fan 24, comes into contact with the ceramic balls 20 while being sucked by the aeration fan 24, and a collapse occurs. Receive radiant energy. The aeration air sucked into the air supply activation device 2 from the aeration air supply fan 24 is supplied to the aeration main pipe 2.
The air is diverted from 3 to an aeration pipe 22 branched out from each of the aeration holes. The supply air flowing from the inlet of the device 2 is as follows:
It flows downward while contacting the ceramic balls 20 dispersedly arranged on the mesh-shaped shelf. At this time, it mixes with aeration air spouting from the aeration pipe 22.

Therefore, the boiler combustion chamber 10
The air supplied to the apparatus 2 is supplied with the radiant energy from the ceramic balls 20 contained in the apparatus 2 and the air supplied to the apparatus 2 which has been subjected to the neutron irradiation, and the aeration apparatus supplied from the aeration pipe. The mixture is a mixture of the radiation energy irradiation from the ceramic balls 20 and the aeration air that has been subjected to the neutron irradiation. If a part of the supply air flowing out of the outlet of the air supply activation device 2 is diverted and recirculated as aeration air, the supply air is significantly activated. Exhaust gas purification device 7
Since the aeration device is also installed, the same effect as the air supply activation device 2 can be expected by recirculating the exhaust gas.

The schematic configuration of the neutron energy irradiation device 3 installed at the branch point E on the outlet side of the air supply activation device 2 is shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. The activated supply air that has flowed in from the outlet of the supply air activation device 2 flows downward while being in contact with the ceramic balls 20 ′ distributed and arranged on the mesh-shaped shelf 21. The ceramic ball 20 'is a ceramic obtained by forming a mixture of an ore containing at least 100 ppm / g of a natural radioactive element and an ore containing beryllium into a spherical shape having a diameter of about 100 mm. Neutron energy is emitted from beryllium that has been irradiated with radiation energy due to decay. Accordingly, the incoming air in contact with the ceramic balls 20 'is activated by irradiation with neutron energy. In addition, the outlet of the neutron energy irradiation device 3 is connected to the inlet of the air supply activation device 2, and the activation is promoted by refluxing the air supply.

Next, the reaction mechanism of radiant energy due to alpha decay of a natural radioactive element to air will be described.
Natural radioactive elements are radiant energy, α-ray, β-ray,
While emitting gamma rays, they are successively converted into other elements,
Finally, it is an element that becomes lead and is stable. When air is irradiated with α-decay radiation, diatomic oxygen in the air undergoes one-electron reduction and becomes active oxygen with strong oxidizing power.

[0015]

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The air contains about 21% oxygen and about 78%.
% Nitrogen, the nitrogen atom having an atomic weight of 14 is α
By irradiation with light, they are split and converted into highly reactive oxygen atoms having an atomic weight of 17 and hydrogen atoms having an atomic weight of 1.

[0017]

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At this time, a small amount of neutrons are also emitted, and nitrogen atoms having an atomic weight of 14 are split and converted by irradiation with neutrons into carbon atoms having an atomic weight of 14 and hydrogen atoms having an atomic weight of 1.

[0019]

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Monoatomic oxygen produced by the nuclear transmutation of nitrogen

[0021]

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Reacts with carbon monoxide (CO) to produce carbon dioxide
Becomes CO + O → CO_Two  In other words, it burns completely.

Also, active monoatomic hydrogen

[0024]

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Is easily bonded to carbon, so that hydrocarbon (H
C) and reacts with HC + 3H → CH_Four  Generates methane. In addition to this, active oxygen in the air

[0026]

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React and burn completely. That is, incomplete combustion in produced hydrocarbons (HC) hydrocarbons by involvement of one atom of hydrogen (C _n H _m), and the re-burned as fuel.

The ceramic balls 20 'dispersed in the neutron energy irradiation device 3 installed on the outlet side of the air supply activation device 2 are a mixture of a natural radioactive element and beryllium, and the neutron energy is Released.
The nuclear reaction formula is as follows.

[0029]

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Further, nitrogen atoms having an atomic weight of 14 in the air irradiated with the emitted neutron energy have an atomic weight of 1
It is split and converted into 4 carbon atoms and 1 hydrogen atom.

[0031]

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The combustion reaction of hydrocarbons after the air intake is C_nH_m + (N + m / 4) O_Two +3.76 (n + m /
4) N_Two → nCO_Two + (M / 2) H_TwoO + 3.76 (n
+ M / 4) N_Two  Becomes Each element in the air is in a state of excitement and strong oxidation
An active acid that is reactive and shows a strong oxidation reaction
Incomplete combustion is prevented, and combustion equipment is used.
Improve the combustion efficiency of the device.

The above-mentioned various activating devices include 100 ppm / g to 1 g / g (100
%) Containing a large number of ceramic balls 20, and the emitted radiation dose is 0.6 becquerels / g or more. Therefore, in order to protect the human body from radiation energy irradiation and neutron energy irradiation associated with α decay, thickness 1
It is important to completely store the device in a lead box of about 00 mm. The above-described protective measures are also taken for the neutron energy irradiation device 3 that emits neutron energy. The effect of the activation can be further improved by providing the above-described various activation devices in a plurality of stages and setting the recirculation circuit.

[0034]

As described above, due to the alpha decay of natural radioactive elements, diatomic oxygen in the air becomes active oxygen with strong oxidizing power, and nitrogen in the air splits into monoatomic oxygen and monoatomic hydrogen. It is converted to increase the oxygen concentration in the air, and part of the nitrogen in the air is split and converted into monoatomic carbon and monoatomic hydrogen by neutron irradiation. Further, the decomposition reaction and the cross-linking reaction are promoted by irradiating α-rays, β-rays and γ-rays to hydrocarbons in the fuel. Since the above-described active oxygen completely burns the fuel, harmful substances in the exhaust gas are reduced, and the exhaust gas can be purified at low cost. That is, according to the power generation system of the present invention, a space that requires only a small installation space and is capable of improving combustion efficiency by completely combusting fossil fuel can be realized, which is an excellent environmental measure system.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a power generation system according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of an air supply activation device.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a fuel activation device.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of an exhaust gas purification device.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a water supply activation device.

FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the structure of a neutron energy irradiation device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 1 air supply fan 2 air supply activation device 3 neutron energy irradiation device 4 fuel pump 5 fuel activation device 6 exhaust fan 7 exhaust gas purification device 8 air supply pump 9 activation device for water supply 10 boiler combustion chamber 11 steam room 13 steam Turbine 14 Generator 15 Main shaft

Claims (10)

[Claims] 1. A power generation system using a fossil fuel, wherein a neutron irradiation generated simultaneously with irradiation of radiant energy due to α decay of a natural radioactive element is performed on supplied fuel and intake air required for combustion of a combustion device, A method of using radiant energy by α-decay, wherein oxygen contained in the intake air is converted into active oxygen, and the supplied fuel and the intake air are activated and burned. 2. A method of irradiating radiant energy by alpha decay of a natural radioactive element to feed water supplied to a steam generator in a combustion device constituting a power generation system;
A method of using radiant energy by alpha decay, characterized in that neutron irradiation simultaneously generated is performed to activate the water supply. 3. Exhaust gas emitted from a combustion device constituting a power generation system is irradiated with radiant energy by alpha decay of a natural radioactive element;
A method of using radiant energy due to α decay, characterized in that neutrons generated at the same time are irradiated to purify the exhaust gas. 4. A ceramic ball made of a substance containing a natural radioactive element is dispersedly arranged on a plurality of mesh-like shelves forming a fuel inflow passage, and fuel passing through the ceramic ball in contact with the ceramic ball is activated. An apparatus for utilizing radiant energy due to α-decay, wherein a fuel activation device to be activated is installed in a fuel supply system of a combustion device. 5. The intake air passing in contact with ceramic balls made of a substance containing a natural radioactive element dispersedly arranged on a plurality of mesh-like shelves forming a flow passage of the intake air, the plurality of mesh-like shelves being provided with a plurality of mesh-like shelves. An air supply activation device that mixes with aeration air from an aeration device filled with ceramic balls ejected from a plurality of aeration pipes branching from the lower surface of the shelf and activates the intake air is used as a supply device in the combustion device. A device that uses radiant energy due to alpha decay, which is installed in the air system. 6. A lower surface of said mesh-shaped shelf for passing water supplied in contact with ceramic balls made of a substance containing a natural radioactive element dispersedly arranged on a plurality of mesh-shaped shelves forming an inflow passage of the water supply. Mixing with aeration air from an aeration device filled with ceramic balls ejected from a plurality of aeration pipes installed in a branched manner, an activation device for water supply for activating the water supply is provided to a water supply system to a boiler in a combustion device. A device that uses radiant energy due to alpha decay, which is installed. 7. Exhaust gas passing in contact with ceramic balls made of a substance containing a natural radioactive element dispersedly arranged on a plurality of mesh-shaped shelves forming an exhaust gas flow passage is passed through the mesh-shaped shelves. An exhaust gas purifying device that purifies the exhaust gas by mixing with aeration air from an aerator that is filled with ceramic balls ejected from a plurality of aeration pipes branched from the lower surface and installed in the exhaust gas system of the combustion device. A device for utilizing radiant energy due to alpha decay, characterized in that: 8. The activated intake air diverted from the outlet of the air supply activation device is irradiated with neutron energy radiated from beryllium that has been irradiated with radiant energy due to α decay of a natural radioactive element, and the neutron energy A neutron energy irradiation device for further activation is installed at the outlet side of the air supply activation device, and the intake air sent from the neutron energy irradiation device is recirculated to the inlet side of the air supply activation device. A device for utilizing radiant energy due to alpha decay, characterized in that: 9. The air supply at the outlet of the air supply activation device and the exhaust gas at the outlet of the exhaust gas purification device are diverted and recirculated as air for aeration to the aeration device. 7. An apparatus for utilizing radiant energy due to α decay according to 7. 10. The method and apparatus for utilizing radiant energy by α-decay according to claim 1, wherein the natural radioactive element emits α-rays at 0.6 becquerels / g or more.