JP2002193450A - Transport freight logistics control method and logistics control system - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] For example, in cargo transportation by a moving body such as an aircraft, a transportation cargo distribution control method and distribution control that can make the distribution of the transportation cargo before and after transportation more efficient in terms of time and space. Provide system. A computer information system provided by each of the businesses involved in the physical distribution is linked to determine physical distribution timing in each process of the physical distribution based on a departure / arrival time of a moving object. In addition, the collection and delivery / transportation trucks related to the physical distribution are jointly operated by a plurality of operators so that the loading ratio of each truck is increased. Furthermore, these trucks are operated on a schedule that matches the distribution timing,
Work load in each process is leveled and the distribution lead time is shortened.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for controlling at least one of before and after transportation of goods transported by a mobile body with the aid of a computer, and a method for controlling the physical distribution. Related to a physical distribution control system.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Freight transportation by a moving body such as an aircraft or a ship is usually performed by a so-called unit load system using pallets and containers adapted to a standardized unit load size. In this unit load system, the cargo handling is mechanized by standardizing the dimensions of the cargo to be handled, so that the work in each step of the physical distribution can be performed more efficiently.

[0003] Cargo to be transported by a moving body such as an aircraft or a ship includes direct cargo and mixed cargo.
Direct shipments are goods for which the shipper directly entrusts the transportation of the goods to the operators of the vehicles or their agents that carry the goods. Consolidated cargo is a cargo in which a plurality of small cargoes are sorted and sorted according to the destination or flight of the moving object to make one cargo. This mixed cargo is widely used as a mode for transporting small cargo at low cost.

[0004] However, in the case of transporting mixed cargo, prior to the transportation, a process of tailoring the individual small cargo as a consolidated cargo for each destination is required. A process for dismantling and sorting cargo into individual cargoes is required. Various processes such as transfer, storage, and sorting are required before and after each process, which naturally complicates the distribution system.

[0005] Further, when the transportation of cargo involves exchange with foreign countries, steps such as customs clearance, bonded storage and bonded transportation are required, and the distribution form becomes more complicated. In the present specification and the drawings attached thereto, the act of moving cargo by a moving object such as an aircraft or a ship is referred to as “transport”, and the act of moving cargo required before and after transport is referred to as “transport”. "Transport" or "export",
It is distinguished as "import" or "transport". In addition, the act of receiving the cargo to the consignor to transport the cargo is called "collection", and the act of delivering the cargo to the consignee is called "delivery". It is called "collection and delivery". And the generic name of the goods transported or transferred is called "freight".

[0006] For example, when cargo is transported as consolidation cargo from domestic to foreign or from foreign to domestic by air, the distribution is performed according to the following procedure. First, the case of export will be described.

FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram of the flow of distribution and information during export. As shown in FIG. 11, the export cargo is collected at its own sales office or the like by a so-called forwarder, which is a consolidating carrier that is a use carrier who has received a transportation request from the consignor 11. At the forwarder office 22, the collected cargo is packed and weighed, sorted according to flights, and tailored as mixed cargo. Then, the mixed cargo is stored in a bonded warehouse 23 in the forwarder business office 22.
Alternatively, the goods are transferred to an airport or a joint storage area 8 near the airport, and after the customs clearance procedure, the goods are bonded and transferred to an export terminal 41a, which is a window for handling cargo at the airport. During this time, collection from the shipper 11, transfer to the bonded storage 23 or the shared storage 8, and the export terminal 41a at the airport
Forwarding is being carried out by each forwarder individually according to its own plan. Also, the loading of mixed cargo into the airport export terminal 41a is usually performed once a day, usually in the evening, etc. in any of the forwarders.

[0008] The mixed cargo delivered to the export terminal 41a is loaded, taking into consideration the weight and balance of the entire loaded cargo, after the loading reservation information and the loading status are confirmed, sorted by road selection or flight. Based on the plan, pallets and containers are loaded on a unit device load (ULD). This stowage work is build-up (B / U:
Build Up). Finally, this ULD
After being stored until a certain time before the flight time, it will be loaded on the aircraft.

FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram showing the detailed steps of logistics until the export cargo thus collected is loaded on an aircraft, together with the operation of the information system possessed by the business operator in each step. .

In FIG. 12, "F / D" stands for a forwarder, and "A / L" stands for an air line. The forwarder information system 25 shown in FIG. 12 is an information system that manages information on freight transported by the forwarder. The airline information system 35 manages flight schedules and cargo loading reservation information of the airlines, and the terminal information system 45 manages cargo loading information to the airport cargo terminal and ULD loading plans. Information system. However, in FIG. 12, both are described together as "A / Lor terminal information system" for simplicity. Note that these abbreviations of “F / D” and “A / L” will be appropriately used in the present specification and the drawings attached thereto.

[0012] As shown in FIG. 12, when a shipment request is made from the consignor 11 to the forwarder business office 22, the information is input to the forwarder information system 25. The forwarder information system 25 tallies up the input transport requests and makes a reservation for a space to be mounted on the aircraft with the airline information system 35. In addition, a command to collect the cargo of the sender 11 is issued to the collection truck. Then, the cargo collected according to the collection instruction is transferred to the forwarder sales office 2
2 and the like, and the carried-in / sorted information is input to the forwarder information system 25. Thereafter, the loaded and sorted cargo is weighed and labeled, mixed with other cargo having the same loading flight, and transported and stored in the bonded warehouse 23 or the like until customs clearance procedures are completed. The mixed cargo for which the customs clearance procedure has been completed is carried out, bonded and transported from the bonded warehouse 23 and the like, and is carried in and sorted into the export terminal 41a of the airport. Then, the information on the loaded and sorted mixed cargo is checked against the loading reservation information managed by the airline information system 35, and the information is input to the airline information system 35. The terminal information system 45 receiving the carry-in information creates a load plan and a UL loading plan for the cargo to be loaded on the aircraft. On the other hand, the consolidation cargo carried into and sorted into the terminal is stored until the ULD stowage plan is created. After the creation is completed, the cargo is stowed on the ULD according to the instruction of the terminal information system 45 and stored before being loaded on the aircraft. Done. Then, at the time of mounting on the aircraft, the terminal information system 45 issues a mounting instruction for the ULD, and the ULD is mounted on the aircraft. Finally, ULD
Is mounted on this aircraft, the mounting information is input to the terminal information system 45, and the pre-transportation process for export is completed.

Next, the case of import will be described. FIG.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a physical distribution and information flow at the time of import.
As shown in FIG. 13, cargo (ULD) imported as consolidation cargo is unloaded when the aircraft arrives at the airport, and is carried into the import terminal 41b. The imported ULD is dismantled at the import terminal. This can be done by unloading or breaking down the cargo (B /
D: Break Down). The dismantled cargo is further sorted into individual cargos, and when the export is permitted through customs clearance procedures, the forwarders deliver the cargo directly to the consignee 12 from the import terminal 41b or via the truck terminal. . In carrying out the cargo from the import terminal 41b, usually, the individual pickup of each forwarder is performed once a day.

FIG. 14 shows a detailed process of logistics until the unloading imported cargo is delivered to the consignee.
It is explanatory drawing shown with operation | movement of the information system which a business has in each process.

As shown in FIG. 14, after the ULD unloaded from the aircraft is carried into the import terminal 41b,
Dismantled, sorted and stored as individual cargo. Then, the information on the invoice regarding the ULD is input to the terminal information system 45, and the information is collated with the transportation information transmitted from the airline information system 35 of the source airport. Further, the terminal information system 45
The arrival information of those cargos input and collated in is transmitted to the forwarder information system 25 via the airline information system 35, and the invoice is delivered to the forwarder. Then, based on the information and the invoice transmitted by the forwarder, customs clearance and other procedures necessary for import are performed.

A series of procedures for this customs clearance are as follows:
From the forwarder information system 25, the airline information system 35, the terminal information system 45, etc., the air cargo customs information processing system (Air-NACCS: Ni
ppon Automated Cargo Clearance System, hereafter "Ai
r-NACCS ”). Air
-NACCS is a system that connects customs and information systems of related private companies as described above by a communication line, and processes customs clearance and other operations related to import / export air freight quickly and accurately using a computer.

After completing these predetermined procedures and issuing a customs clearance permit and a carry-out request, the cargo can be carried out. Therefore, the forwarder information system 25
A delivery instruction is issued to a delivery truck or the like from the like, and the cargo is delivered to the consignee 12 by the truck. Then, the information of the delivery is input to the forwarder information system 25 and an invoice is sent to the consignee 12.

FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram summarizing the flow of physical distribution when exporting and importing the above-mentioned mixed cargo, together with the business scope of the related trader. As shown in the figure, the forwarder is responsible for the transportation of cargo between the shipper 11 or consignee 12 and the cargo terminal at the airport, including customs clearance. Manages the logistics between the aircraft and the cargo terminal at the airport.

By the way, in order to perform such transportation more smoothly, a scheduling device described in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-53680 is known.
In other words, in this gazette, transport requests for each mobile object are obtained from the transport requests for personnel and cargo, and these are classified, a transport plan is created for each of the classified requests, and these are integrated to output the overall transport plan. An apparatus is described. According to this device, it is possible to create a transportation plan for transportation with different transportation sources and an efficient transportation plan when there are a plurality of types of moving objects having different transportation capacities such as required time. Become.

[0019]

As described above, conventionally,
Although there is a technology for performing efficient scheduling of freight transportation, the following problems cannot be ignored when focusing on logistics before and after that. That is, when the cargo is transported by the mobile unit, the pre-transportation work until the cargo collected from the shipper is mounted on the mobile unit, and the transported cargo is unloaded from the mobile unit and delivered to the consignee. As for the post-transportation work up to, the physical distribution of the work is basically advanced from the work completed in each process to the next process.

That is, the cargos to be processed at the same time at the same time on the same moving body are processed simultaneously with a certain width in time. Moreover, the processing of sorting the cargo and making it into a unit load requires operations such as loading, storage, and unloading for each transport destination and transport time. Further, the work of collecting and delivering and transferring such cargo is performed for each forwarder, and a large number of vehicles having a low loading rate are operated.

For this reason, congestion of the airport and roads near the airport by a large number of running vehicles is an unavoidable problem, and the space for storing cargo is enormous. As described above, the logistics before and after the transportation of transported cargo are extremely inefficient in terms of time and space.

For example, as described above, in the example of transportation in which cargo is exchanged with foreign countries by using an aircraft, the following situation occurs. In the work related to logistics for air transportation, such as cargo collection / delivery and consolidation, customs clearance, loading / unloading / ULD loading at airport cargo terminals, etc., between traders in charge of each work or in the same industry The exchange of information between the companies is not sufficient, and the work is performed by each business operator at their own convenience. In addition, the loading and unloading of consolidation cargo at airport cargo terminals by forwarders and the like is often performed once a day at almost fixed times in the evening, and the amount of cargo to be processed fluctuates greatly over time. .

On the other hand, the road traffic capacity from the bonded warehouse 23 to the airport terminal, the cargo storage space and the processing capacity of the airport terminal facilities are limited. Also, terminal facilities such as truck dogs are managed for each airline, and therefore cannot mutually absorb load fluctuations.

As a result, many small trucks with a low loading ratio run when transferring cargo, and not only trucks in operation, but also trucks in transit, near roads near airports and cargo terminals at airports. In addition, trucks that have been standing for a long time due to waiting for work are overcrowded, which significantly reduces the temporal and spatial processing efficiency of the work.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and has as its object to provide a method and a system for controlling the distribution of transported cargo, which can make the distribution before and after the transported cargo more efficient in terms of time and space. It is to provide a control system.

[0026]

The means for achieving the above object and the effects thereof will be described below. The invention according to claim 1 is a method of controlling at least one of transportation before and after transportation of a cargo transported by a mobile object with computer assistance, based on a movement plan of the mobile object. The logistics timing of
The gist is to schedule the distribution based on the determined distribution timing.

According to the above-mentioned method, it is possible to smoothly and efficiently carry out the distribution of the cargo transported by the moving object before and after the transportation. Further, the lead time of the physical distribution can be shortened.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the method for controlling the distribution of transported cargo according to the first aspect, the cargo is cargo exported by the mobile unit, and the distribution timing is determined by the mobile unit. The gist is that the scheduling is performed on at least a part of a series of pre-transportation operations until the cargo collected from the sender is loaded on the moving body, based on the departure time.

According to the above-mentioned method, since the physical distribution is scheduled based on the departure time of the moving object, the logistics from collecting the cargo from the consignor to loading the moving object on the moving object are performed more smoothly and efficiently. Will be able to do it. Further, the lead time of the physical distribution can be further shortened. In the present invention, the term "export" refers to simply carrying out cargo by a moving object. In other words, it does not matter whether the cargo is transported from Japan to overseas.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the method for controlling the distribution of transported cargo according to the second aspect, the collection of the cargo is performed by a truck, and the scheduling of the distribution is performed by the position information of the shipper and the collection of the cargo. The gist is to be carried out as a truck allocation plan based on the unique information of the cargo to be delivered.

According to the above method, when a cargo is collected and transferred from the shipper to the moving body, a truck used for collection and transfer is appropriately selected according to the unique information of the cargo, such as weight and volume. Since a proper number can be assigned to the size, the truck loading efficiency can be improved. In addition, since the operation time and operation route of the truck can be determined in consideration of the position of the shipper, the time waste including the traveling distance can be minimized.

The invention described in claim 4 is the second or third invention.
In the transport freight distribution control method according to the above, at least a part of the logistics involved in a series of pre-transportation operations until the cargo collected from the shipper is mounted on the moving object is based on the determined distribution timing. The point is that it is performed a plurality of times.

According to the above-mentioned method, when there are a plurality of operating flights of a moving body that exports cargo, it is possible to collect and transfer the cargo from the shipper to the moving body side in accordance with the departure time of each operating flight. Because of this, it is possible to control the logistics of goods to be exported more precisely before transportation.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the method for controlling the distribution of transported cargo according to the second aspect, further comprising a step of temporarily storing the cargo collected from the shipper at a relay location, and The gist of the present invention is that the distribution timing is determined based on the departure time of the mobile body in the physical distribution scheduling up to the mounting on the mobile body.

According to the above method, in the logistics before transportation of the cargo exported by the moving body, a buffer function for adjusting the logistics without lowering the logistics control ability according to the method of claim 2 can be provided. it can. That is, it is possible to tailor a plurality of small cargoes into one consolidation cargo at the relay location, or to fine-tune the date and time when the cargo is collected from the sender. Also, when the departure time of the moving body is changed, it is possible to easily cope with the change.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the method of the fifth aspect, the logistics related to the transfer of the cargo from the relay location to the moving body are based on the determined distribution timing. The point is that it is performed a plurality of times.

According to the above-mentioned method, when there are a plurality of operating flights of a moving body that exports cargo, the cargo can be transferred from the relay location to the moving body side according to the departure time of each operating flight. It will be possible to control the logistics of freight to be exported more precisely before transportation.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the method for controlling the distribution of transported cargo according to the second aspect, the method further includes a step of temporarily storing the cargo collected from the sender at a relay location, and In the logistics scheduling for collecting cargo to a place and the logistics scheduling for loading the temporarily stored cargo on the mobile, the determination of the physical distribution timing is performed based on the departure time of the mobile. And

According to the above method, in the case where there are a plurality of operating flights of a mobile unit that exports cargo, in addition to the transfer of the cargo from the relay location to the mobile unit side according to the departure time of each operating flight, the shipper , The cargo can be collected at the relay location, so that it is possible to more precisely control the logistics of the exported cargo before transportation.

According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, in the method for controlling the distribution of transported cargo according to the seventh aspect, at least collection of the cargo is performed by a truck, and the scheduling of the distribution is performed by at least the position information of the shipper and The gist is to be performed as a dispatch plan of the truck based on the unique information of the collected cargo.

According to the above method, when the cargo is collected from the shipper to the transfer location and the cargo is transferred from the transfer location to the moving body, the cargo is used for collection and transfer according to the weight and volume of the cargo. Since the trucks can be assigned an appropriate size and an appropriate number, the truck loading efficiency can be improved. In addition, since the operation time and operation route of the truck can be determined by appropriately considering the position of the shipper or the relay station, the time waste including the mileage can be minimized. Become.

The ninth aspect of the present invention provides the seventh aspect or the eighth aspect.
In the transport cargo distribution control method according to the above, the logistics related to the collection of the cargo from the consignor to the relay location and the logistics related to the transfer of the cargo from the relay location to the moving object side are each determined. The gist is that the logistics are performed a plurality of times based on the physical distribution timing.

According to the above-described method, when there are a plurality of operating flights of a mobile body exporting cargo, the cargo is transferred from the relay location to the mobile unit side in accordance with the departure time of each operating flight, and the same is sent from the shipper. Since the cargo can be collected at the relay location, it is possible to more precisely control the logistics of the exported cargo before transportation. And because the volume of cargo handled is leveled over time, trucks,
Limited resources such as roads and export terminal facilities can be used effectively.

According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, in the method for controlling the distribution of transported cargo according to the first aspect, the cargo is cargo imported by the mobile unit, and the distribution timing is determined by the mobile unit. The gist is that the logistics scheduling is performed on the basis of the arrival time and is performed on at least a part of a series of post-transport operations until the cargo unloaded from the moving object is delivered to the consignee.

According to the above method, the distribution is scheduled on the basis of the arrival time of the mobile unit, so that the logistics from the unloading of the mobile unit to delivery to the consignee are performed more smoothly and efficiently. Will be able to do it.
Further, the lead time of the physical distribution can be further shortened. In the present invention, “import” simply refers to carrying cargo in by a moving body. In other words, it does not matter whether the cargo is transported from abroad to Japan.

According to an eleventh aspect of the present invention, in the transport cargo distribution control method according to the tenth aspect, the delivery of the cargo is performed by a truck, and the scheduling of the distribution is performed based on the location information of the consignee and the delivery. The gist is that it is performed as a dispatch plan of the truck based on the unique information of the cargo to be transported.

According to the above method, when a cargo is transferred / delivered from the mobile unit to the consignee, a truck used for the transfer / delivery is appropriately sized according to the unique information of the cargo, for example, weight / volume. In addition, since an appropriate number can be assigned, the truck loading efficiency can be improved. In addition, since the operation time and operation route of the truck can be determined in consideration of the position of the consignee, the time waste including the traveling distance can be minimized.

According to a twelfth aspect of the present invention, in the method for controlling the distribution of transported cargo according to the tenth aspect of the present invention, the logistics related to a series of post-transport operations until the cargo unloaded from the moving body is delivered to the consignee. The gist is that at least a part of the logistics is performed a plurality of times based on the determined physical distribution timing.

According to the above-described method, when there are a plurality of operating flights of a moving body that imports cargo, the cargo can be transferred and delivered from the moving body side to the consignee in accordance with the arrival time of each operating flight. Therefore, it is possible to control the distribution of the imported cargo more finely after transportation.

According to a thirteenth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the method for controlling the distribution of transported cargo according to the tenth aspect, further comprising a step of temporarily storing the cargo unloaded from the moving body at a relay location,
In the physical distribution scheduling related to the transfer of the cargo unloaded from the mobile unit to the relay location, the physical distribution timing is determined based on the arrival time of the mobile unit.

According to the above method, in the post-transportation distribution of the cargo imported by the moving object, a buffer function for adjusting the distribution without lowering the distribution control ability by the method according to claim 10 can be provided. it can. That is,
At the relay location, one consolidation cargo can be dismantled into a plurality of small cargoes, and the date and time of delivery of the cargo to the consignee can be finely adjusted. Further, even when the arrival time of the moving object is changed, it is possible to easily cope with the change.

According to a fourteenth aspect of the present invention, in the method of the thirteenth aspect, the logistics related to the transfer of the cargo unloaded from the moving body to the relay location is the determined physical distribution. The gist is that the operation is performed a plurality of times based on the timing.

According to the above-described method, when there are a plurality of operating flights of a moving body that imports cargo, the cargo can be transferred from the moving body side to the relay location in accordance with the arrival time of each operating flight. It will be possible to control the logistics of imported goods after transportation.

According to a fifteenth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the method for controlling the distribution of transported cargo according to the tenth aspect, further comprising a step of temporarily storing the cargo unloaded from the moving body at a relay location,
Determining the logistics timing for the logistics scheduling related to the transfer of the cargo unloaded from the moving object to the relay location and the distribution scheduling related to the delivery of the temporarily stored cargo to the consignee determines the arrival time of the moving object. The gist is that it is performed as a standard.

According to the above method, when there are a plurality of operating flights of a mobile unit that imports cargo, in addition to the transfer of the cargo from the mobile unit to the relay location in accordance with the arrival time of each operating flight, Since the cargo can be delivered to the consignee from the recipient, it is possible to more finely control the distribution of the imported cargo after the transportation.

According to a sixteenth aspect of the present invention, in the transportation cargo distribution control method according to the fifteenth aspect, at least the delivery of the cargo is performed by a truck, and the scheduling of the distribution is performed by at least the position information of the consignee and the location information of the consignee. The gist is to be carried out as a dispatch plan of the truck based on the unique information of the cargo to be delivered.

According to the above method, when the cargo is transferred from the mobile unit to the relay location and when the cargo is delivered from the relay location to the consignee, the cargo is used for transport and delivery according to the weight and volume of the cargo. Since the trucks can be assigned an appropriate size and an appropriate number, the truck loading efficiency can be improved. In addition, since the operation time and operation route of the truck can be determined by appropriately considering the relay location or the position of the consignee, the time waste including the mileage can be minimized. .

According to a seventeenth aspect of the present invention, in the method for controlling the distribution of transported cargo according to the fifteenth or sixteenth aspect, the logistics relating to the transfer of the cargo unloaded from the moving body to the relay location, and from the relay location. The gist is that the distribution of the cargo to the consignee is performed a plurality of times based on the determined distribution timing.

According to the above-mentioned method, when there are a plurality of operating flights of a mobile unit that imports cargo, the transfer of the cargo from the mobile unit to the relay station and the receiving of the cargo from the relay station according to the arrival time of each operating flight. Since the cargo can be delivered to people, it is possible to control the distribution of the imported cargo more finely after transportation. And because the volume of cargo handled is leveled over time, trucks,
Limited resources such as roads and import terminal facilities can be used effectively.

The invention according to claim 18 is a system for controlling at least one of physical distribution before and after the transportation of the cargo transported by the mobile object, wherein the system controls the physical distribution of the cargo based on the movement plan of the mobile object. The gist of the invention is to provide a physical distribution information processing means for determining a physical distribution timing and outputting a control command for controlling the physical distribution based on the determined physical distribution timing.

According to the above configuration, it is possible to suitably support the realization of the method for controlling the distribution of transported cargo according to the first aspect. According to a nineteenth aspect of the present invention, in the transport freight distribution control system according to the eighteenth aspect, the freight is a freight exported by the moving body, and the logistics information processing means transports the freight from a sender. A collection information management unit for outputting the loading reservation information to the mobile unit and the collection request information of the cargo based on the request; receiving and managing the loading reservation information output from the collection information management unit; A moving body information management unit that outputs a transfer request for the same reserved cargo in accordance with the departure time information of the moving body, and a collection request information and a moving body information management unit that are output from the collection information management unit. In response to the output departure time information of the moving object and the cargo transfer request, the optimum logistics timing of the cargo based on the departure time of the moving object is obtained, and the obtained optimum logistics timing is obtained. And logistics information management unit for outputting information indicating the collection starting from the shipper based, to be configured with a as its gist.

According to the above configuration, it is possible to suitably support the realization of the method for controlling the distribution of transported cargo according to the second aspect. According to a twentieth aspect of the present invention, in the transport freight distribution control system according to the nineteenth aspect, the collection information management unit includes, as the collection request information of the cargo, specific information including at least a collection date and time of the cargo, and the information of the sender. The logistics information management unit outputs the location information together, and based on the unique information of the cargo and the location information of the sender, starts the collection from the sender so that an optimal collection schedule is formed. The gist is to output the information to be instructed.

According to the above configuration, it is not necessary to provide a vehicle for collecting cargo and an excessive storage space for the collected cargo. In addition, it is possible to reduce the traveling distance for collection of the collection vehicle and the time required for collection.

According to a twenty-first aspect of the present invention, in the physical distribution control system for a transported cargo according to the twentieth aspect, the collection information management section outputs the cargo volume information and the weight information together as the unique information of the cargo. The logistics information management unit, based on the volume information and weight information of the cargo, to output information instructing the start of collection from the shipper so that an optimal loading rate is obtained together. Make a summary.

According to the above configuration, an appropriate number of vehicles for collection can be operated at an optimum loading ratio. Claim 2
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the transport freight distribution control system according to the twenty-first aspect, the logistics information management unit includes a loading / unloading time of the freight with the collection truck corresponding to the volume information and the weight information of the freight. It is a gist of the present invention to provide a database of registered loading / unloading times, and to correct information instructing the start of collection from the sender based on loading / unloading time information obtained from the loading / unloading time database.

According to the above configuration, a diamond for collecting cargo can be created with high accuracy, so that the collection operation can be performed more efficiently. According to a twenty-third aspect of the present invention, in the transport freight distribution control system according to any one of the nineteenth to twenty-second aspects, the logistics information management unit determines an optimal distribution timing of the freight based on a departure time of the moving object. And a plurality of information obtained in accordance with each different departure time of the moving body, and information for instructing the start of collection from the sender is output in a plurality of times based on the obtained optimum distribution timings. I do.

According to the above configuration, it is possible to suitably support the realization of the transport cargo distribution control method according to the fourth or ninth aspect. The invention according to claim 24 is the invention according to claims 19 to 23.
In the transport freight distribution control system according to any one of the above, the freight collected from the shipper is temporarily stored at a relay location, the logistics information management unit, based on the obtained optimal logistics timing The gist of the present invention is to output information instructing start of transfer of cargo from the relay location together with information instructing start of collection from the shipper.

According to the above configuration, it is possible to suitably support the realization of the method for controlling the distribution of transported cargo according to the fifth aspect. According to a twenty-fifth aspect of the present invention, in the transport freight distribution control system according to any one of the nineteenth to twenty-fourth aspects, the pickup information management unit, the mobile unit information management unit, and the distribution information management unit each include a communication line. The gist of the present invention is to be provided separately from each other via the.

According to the above configuration, the distribution control system according to the present invention can be easily and inexpensively constructed by using the information systems already possessed by the businesses involved in the distribution of transported cargo. In addition, since each company can maintain and manage information relating to each business range, it is extremely easy to always keep the information managed as the distribution control system up to date.

According to a twenty-sixth aspect of the present invention, in the transport cargo distribution control system according to the twenty-fifth aspect, at least one of the pickup information management unit and the mobile unit information management unit is provided in a plurality and is separately managed and operated. The gist of the present invention is that all the information of the collection information management unit and the mobile unit information management unit is centrally managed by the distribution information management unit.

According to the above configuration, since the information on a plurality of businesses related to the collection of cargo or the operation of the mobile unit can all be centrally managed by the physical distribution information management unit,
It is possible to construct a distribution control system for more transport cargo. Accordingly, the total efficiency of the transport cargo distribution control system according to claim 25 can be remarkably improved by its scale advantage.

According to a twenty-seventh aspect of the present invention, in the transport freight distribution control system according to the twenty-fifth or twenty-sixth aspect, the physical distribution information managing unit includes a mobile unit departure time information output from the mobile unit information managing unit; A first logistics information management unit for obtaining an optimal logistics timing of the cargo based on the departure time of the moving body in response to the cargo transfer request, a collection request information output from the collection information management unit, and the first logistics It is divided into a second logistics information management unit that outputs information instructing the start of collection from the consignor based on the optimal logistics timing of the cargo obtained by the information management unit.
The gist is that a second physical distribution information management unit is further provided at a different location via a communication line.

According to the above configuration, it is possible to construct the physical distribution control system according to the present invention while maintaining the framework of the existing business operator related to the freight. In addition, by effectively utilizing the information systems that these companies have, it is possible to minimize the cost of constructing the information systems.

According to a twenty-eighth aspect of the present invention, in the transport freight distribution control system according to the eighteenth aspect, the freight is a freight imported by the mobile unit, and the logistics information processing means transmits the data from the arriving mobile unit. A first logistics information management unit that outputs information as the arrival cargo information by inputting information including the delivery destination information of the unloaded cargo, and an arrival cargo output from the first distribution information management unit By receiving the information, the mobile unit information management unit that outputs the arrival time information of the arriving mobile unit together with the arriving cargo information, and the arriving cargo information and the arrival time information output from the mobile unit information management unit. And a delivery information management unit for outputting a delivery request to the consignee of the unloaded cargo together with the received information, and a delivery request output from the delivery information management unit. Receiving the arrival cargo information and the arrival time information, determining the optimal distribution timing of the cargo based on the arrival time of the moving object, and instructing the start of delivery to the consignee based on the determined optimal distribution timing. And a second physical distribution information management unit that outputs the information.

According to the above configuration, it is possible to suitably support the realization of the method for controlling the distribution of transported cargo according to the tenth aspect. According to a twenty-ninth aspect of the present invention, in the transport freight distribution control system according to the twenty-eighth aspect, the second distribution information management unit forms an optimal delivery schedule based on destination information included in the arriving freight information. The gist is to output information instructing the start of delivery to the consignee as described above.

According to the above configuration, it is not necessary to provide an excessive storage space for the cargo to be delivered and vehicles for delivering the cargo. Further, the traveling distance for delivery of the delivery vehicle can be minimized, and the time required for delivery can be reduced.

According to a thirtieth aspect of the present invention, in the transport cargo distribution control system according to the twenty-ninth aspect, the arriving cargo information further includes volume information and weight information on the unloaded cargo. The second logistics information management unit, based on the volume information and weight information of the cargo,
The gist of the present invention is to output information instructing the start of delivery to the consignee so that the optimum loading rate can be obtained together.

According to the above configuration, an appropriate number of delivery vehicles can be operated at an optimum loading ratio. Claim 3
According to a first aspect of the present invention, in the transport physical distribution control system according to the thirtieth aspect, the second physical distribution information management unit is configured to transfer the cargo to and from the delivery truck in accordance with the volume information and the weight information of the cargo. The gist is to provide a loading / unloading time database in which the loading / unloading times are registered, and to correct the information instructing the start of delivery to the consignee based on the loading / unloading time information obtained from the loading / unloading time database.

According to the above configuration, a diamond for delivering the cargo can be created with high accuracy, so that the collection operation can be performed more efficiently. The invention according to claim 32 is the distribution control system for transported cargo according to any one of claims 28 to 31, wherein the second physical distribution information management unit manages the cargo based on an arrival time of the moving object. A plurality of optimum logistics timings are obtained in accordance with each different arrival time of the moving body, and information for instructing the start of delivery to the consignee is output in a plurality of times based on the obtained optimum logistics timings. Make a summary.

According to the above configuration, it is possible to suitably support the realization of the method for controlling the distribution of transported cargo according to the eleventh aspect. According to a thirty-third aspect of the present invention, in the transport freight distribution control system according to any one of the twenty-eighth to thirty-second aspects, the freight delivered to the consignee is temporarily stored at a relay location. The logistics information management unit of (2) outputs information instructing the start of the transfer of the cargo to the relay location based on the determined optimum physical distribution timing, together with the information instructing the start of the delivery to the consignee. This is the gist.

According to the above configuration, it is possible to suitably support the realization of the transport cargo distribution control method according to the thirteenth aspect. According to a thirty-fourth aspect of the present invention, in the transport freight distribution control system according to any one of the twenty-eighth to thirty-fourth aspects, the delivery information management unit, the mobile unit information management unit, and the first and second physical distribution information management are provided. The gist is that the units are separately provided at different places via communication lines.

According to the above configuration, the distribution control system according to the present invention can be easily and inexpensively constructed by utilizing the information systems already possessed by the businesses involved in the distribution of transported cargo. In addition, since each company can maintain and manage information relating to each business range, it is extremely easy to always keep the information managed as the distribution control system up to date.

According to a thirty-fifth aspect of the present invention, in the transport freight distribution control system according to the thirty-fourth aspect, at least one of the delivery information management part and the mobile body information management part is provided in a plurality, and is separately managed and operated. The gist is that all the information of the delivery information management unit and the mobile unit information management unit is centrally managed by the first and second distribution information management units.

According to the above configuration, information on a plurality of businesses related to the delivery of cargo or the operation of a mobile unit can all be centrally managed by the physical distribution information management unit.
It is possible to construct a distribution control system for more transport cargo. Therefore, the total efficiency of the transport cargo distribution control system according to claim 34 can be remarkably improved due to its scale advantage.

The invention according to claim 36 is the invention according to claims 28 to 3
In the transportation cargo distribution control system according to any one of the first to fifth aspects, the gist is that the first and second distribution information management units are integrally provided as one distribution information management unit.

According to the above configuration, the same company can consistently manage the logistics related to the post-transport work from unloading the cargo from the moving body to delivering it to the consignee. In addition, since the system has a simple configuration as a transport cargo distribution control system, simple operation of the system can be performed easily and at low cost.

[0087]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS (First Embodiment) A first embodiment of a transportation cargo distribution control method and a distribution control system according to the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. .

In the first embodiment, an example will be described in which small cargo is transported as mixed cargo by air.
First, the case where cargo is transported abroad (generally referred to as "export") will be described.

FIG. 1 is a system explanatory diagram showing the flow of distribution and information on exports. As shown in FIG. 1, the following four operators are involved in the logistics control system for transported freight related to export. That is, a consignor 11 that requests a small cargo to be transported as a consolidation cargo, and collects the cargo in response to a transport request from the consignor 11,
The forwarder 21 companies that carry out sorting / consolidation tailoring work and customs clearance / reservation reservation procedures for the collected small cargo, as well as collection / transportation inside and outside the airport, ULD loading / installation on aircraft, etc. There are four operators: an airport cargo terminal 41 that manages the logistics of cargo including cargo, and airline companies that operate aircraft that transport cargo including ULD. In this case, the forwarder business office 22 functions as a relay place for the transported cargo.

In the first embodiment, the forwarder information system 25 as a collection information management unit
And an airline information system 35 as a mobile information management unit, and a distribution terminal information system 65 as a distribution information management unit. These information systems are connected by a communication line, and function as distribution information processing means for controlling the distribution by exchanging necessary information with each other. The exchange between these information systems is based on electronic data exchange (EDI: Electron).
ic Data Interchange) and the cargo community
It is performed using the system (CCS: Cargo Community System) or the Internet. EDI and CC
S is a system that provides an interface for companies involved in the distribution of air cargo to exchange information with each other.

Note that, in FIG. 1, "F / D" and "A / L" are synonymous with "forwarder" and "airline", respectively, as described above (the same applies hereinafter).
Here, the information systems managed by each business will be described.

[0092] The forwarder information system 25 manages information on the cargo handled by each forwarder company for each company based on a transport request from the shipper 11. Information on this cargo includes the location information of the shipper, the location information of the consignee, the date and time of collection, volume, weight, destination of the cargo as the unique information of the cargo to be collected, and information on the consolidation of the cargo. Is included. Information on these cargoes will be referred to as transportation cargo information for convenience.

The airline information system 35 manages, for each airline company, the flight schedule of the aircraft as a moving plan of the moving body, the information on the mounting reservation for each flight, and the like. The airline information system 35 also manages aircraft types and types of passenger flights and cargo flights for each flight, and holds information on the weight and volume that can be transported for each flight. Information about these flights is referred to as airline information for convenience.

Then, the distribution terminal information system 65
Manages information on cargo collection / transfer from loading of cargo from the shipper 11 to loading on the aircraft and loading on the aircraft. Information on collection and transfer of this cargo includes cargo collection and delivery information, truck information, vehicle dispatch information,
It includes pickup / delivery route information, truck position information, forwarder company position information, truck traveling time information managed through a traveling / loading time database, and loading / unloading time information of cargo with a pickup truck. The running / loading time database compiles data on the running time required by the truck depending on the route and time of travel, and the time required for loading / unloading the truck's cargo based on the weight and capacity of the cargo handled. It is a summary. Information on the collection and transfer of these cargoes will be referred to as collection and delivery information for convenience. In addition, information on the loading of cargo on aircraft includes reservation information on aircraft, transfer of cargo in airport cargo terminal 41,
It includes loading / unloading information, load plan information, ULD loading plan information, and the like. Information on the loading of these cargoes on aircraft will be referred to as terminal cargo information. Here, the road plan is a work to study the placement of cargo in consideration of the weight and balance of cargo in the aircraft.
The D stowage plan is a work of studying a loading method so that cargo carried into the airport cargo terminal 41 can be efficiently loaded in the ULD which is a space of a predetermined size.

Each of these information systems constituting the physical distribution control system is capable of ascertaining the time when an individual cargo is carried in, the current process, and where it is present in each process in charge. We also manage information.

Further, each information system can appropriately acquire information managed by another information system via a communication line as needed. On the other hand, trucks are used as means for actually collecting and transferring cargo between the shipper 11 and the forwarder 21 and between the forwarder 21 and the airport cargo terminal 41 which are geographically separated in this physical distribution. ing. The collection / transportation truck is centrally operated and managed by a plurality of airlines and a plurality of forwarders. By increasing the size of the vehicle and improving the loading ratio, it is intended to increase the efficiency of transportation and prevent congestion of roads and facilities.

In such a physical distribution control system, the flow of cargo and its information from the consignor 11 to being mounted on the aircraft are as follows. First, the consignor 11 makes a transportation request including transportation cargo information to each forwarder company as appropriate. When there is such a transportation request, the forwarder information systems 25 of the respective companies total those transportation requests,
Based on the collected information, an appropriate airline and its flight are determined in consideration of the destination of the cargo and the like, and the determined airline and its flight are output to the airline information system 35 as cargo loading reservation information. The transport cargo information is output to the physical distribution terminal information system 65 as collection request information together with the output of the cargo loading reservation information.

The airline information system 35 receives the mounting reservation information from the forwarder information system 25 and manages it. Then, a transfer request of the cargo to be transported is output to the distribution terminal information system 65 as transfer / work instruction information together with the airline information in accordance with the departure time information of the flight reserved for loading.

Then, the distribution terminal information system 65
Is a list of all the cargo requested to be transported, based on the collection request information output by the plurality of forwarder information systems 25, the transfer / work instruction information output by the plurality of airline information systems 35, and the collection / delivery transfer information owned by the user. Create a dispatch / operation plan for pickup trucks to pick up trucks. In preparing this plan, the time required for each step is calculated retroactively from the time based on the departure time of the flight. Then, based on the calculated time, the transported cargo information and the collection / delivery information, an operation schedule and a vehicle allocation plan of the collection truck are created and output to each collection truck as collection instruction information. The operation schedule and the vehicle allocation plan are optimized so that the loading rate of the assigned pickup trucks is high and the work and running time of each truck is the shortest.

[0100] The cargoes that have been planned and efficiently collected by the optimized operation schedule and dispatch plan are transferred to the forwarder office 22, and the order determined based on the departure time of the flight on which each cargo is loaded is set. , And the procedures for loading into customs clearance and airlines are performed.

Also, the distribution terminal information system 65
Outputs, to the transfer truck, an instruction to transfer the mixed cargo, for which the prescribed procedure has been completed at the forwarder sales office 22, to the airport cargo terminal 41. The procedure for outputting this transfer instruction and its contents are as follows.

First, the distribution terminal information system 65 aggregates the transfer / work instruction information from the plurality of airline information systems 35 and transfers the information to the airport cargo terminal 41 based on the departure time of the flight corresponding to each of them. Determine the order of the cargo. At the time of this transfer, the information system 65, as in the case of preparing a dispatch / operation plan of the pickup truck, collects the collection request information output by the plurality of forwarder information systems 25 and the transfer / request output by the plurality of airline information systems 35. In consideration of the work instruction information and the collection / delivery information of the forwarder, the consolidated cargo of each forwarder company is supervised to create an operation schedule and a dispatch plan of the transport truck, which is output to each transport truck as the transport instruction information. I do. The operation schedule and dispatch plan for this transfer are also referred to the running / loading time database etc. so that the loading ratio of the assigned transfer truck is high and the work / run time of each truck is the shortest. Optimized under Furthermore, this forwarder sales office 2
In the transfer instruction from the terminal 2 to the airport cargo terminal 41, it is also considered that the transfer trucks in the terminal 41 are not concentrated at the same time and that a series of workloads in the terminal 41 are leveled. Here, a series of operations at the airport cargo terminal 41 includes sorting cargoes carried into the terminal 41, storing the cargo for each flight, and preparing a load plan / ULD according to the flight.
This includes creating a loading plan, storing the ULD before loading, and loading it on an aircraft.

As a relay place where collected cargo is collected and processed, a relay base 24 shown in FIG. 2 may be used as a place where a plurality of forwarders collect and deliver, instead of the forwarder business office 22. The relay bases 24 are distribution bases in a range that is regionalized, and small cargoes that are collected and loaded in each area are once collected at the relay bases 24 and mixed.

FIG. 2 shows that small cargo handled as consolidation cargo as described above is collected, transported and consolidated to the forwarder business office 22 or the transit base 24, which is a relay location, and further transported and stored in the airport cargo terminal 41. FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing a process in which the cargo is transferred until it is completed.

As shown in FIG. 2, the pickup truck has two routes, A route and B route, and the cargo requested to be transported by the consignor 11 is collected for each route and sent to the relay location. Be transported. The logistics terminal information system 65 performs the route, operation schedule, and dispatch plan of the pickup truck as described above.

In this way, the cargo transported by route is merged at this transfer point, sorted, mixed, and procedures required for export such as customs clearance are completed.
The consolidated cargo for which the procedure has been completed is further transported to the airport cargo terminal 41 by truck. For this transfer,
The route, operation schedule, and dispatch plan of the transfer truck are performed by the distribution terminal information system 65 as described above.

FIGS. 3 and 4 are explanatory diagrams showing examples of the operation schedule of the truck for collecting and transferring the cargo as described above. These operation schedules are created by the distribution terminal information system 65 based on the transported cargo information and the pickup / delivery transfer information.

FIG. 3 shows an example of an operation schedule for a case where cargo is transferred via a relay base 24 shared by a plurality of forwarders, for one relay base.

The collection process in the example of the operation schedule shown in FIG. 3 is performed in the following order. That is, the pickup truck that has left the relay base 24 before 8:00 in the morning first departs for pickup of the cargo on the route A (S1). Next, the cargoes of A1, A2, and A3, which are the senders of the route A, are sequentially collected (S2 to S4). Then, the cargo collected just after 10:00 is carried into the relay base 24 (S5). Similarly, the pickup truck that has started to pick up the B route before 11:00 (S6) is sequentially picked up by the senders B1, B2, and B3 (S7 to S9), and the picked up cargo is carried into the relay station 24. (S10). Thereafter, in the same manner, the pickup truck is provided with an operation schedule for departure once more on the A route and the B route.

On the other hand, the transfer process of the mixed cargo from the transfer base 24 to the airport cargo terminal 41 is performed in the following order. That is, first, after 9 o'clock, the consolidated cargo is transported by the first truck a from the transfer station 24 to the airport
1 (S21). Then, when the transported consolidation cargo is carried into the airport cargo terminal 41 (S2).
2), the transport truck returns to the relay base 24 (S23),
The mixed cargo is loaded again at the transfer station 24 (S2
4) The second transfer to the airport cargo terminal 41 is performed (S25). While the truck a is carrying the cargo into the airport cargo terminal 41 (S22), the second truck b
Loads the mixed cargo at the transfer base (S31) and transfers it to the airport cargo terminal 41 (S32). Similarly, an operation schedule is set so that a plurality of trucks do not perform the same work at the same place at the same time, that is, the truck a and the truck b are interchanged in time.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of an operation schedule when collected cargo is collected at the business office of each forwarder. In the example shown in FIG. 4, the pickup truck leaves the forwarder Y before 8 o'clock (S51), and picks up the goods around the shippers A1, A2, and A3 (S52 to S).
54), the collected cargo is sequentially carried into the business office of each forwarder, that is, forwarders X and Y (S55, S56). For Route A, an operation schedule for performing this collection operation three times a day has been created. Also,
For Route B, depart for pickup before 12:00 (S
57), the cargo is collected around the senders B1, B2, and B3 (S58 to S60), and the collected cargo is sequentially carried into the forwarders X and Y (S61, S62). Route B has an operation schedule that collects cargo twice a day.

[0112] Similarly, when the cargo thus collected is transferred from the forwarders X and Y to the airport cargo terminal 41, the mixed cargo is similarly transferred according to the operation schedule created by the distribution terminal information system 65.
It is performed alternately at a time by two transfer tracks a and b. When unloading cargo from the forwarder, unlike a truck simply reciprocating between the relay base 24 and the airport freight terminal 41 when passing through the relay base 24, one truck is connected to the forwarder X.
And the forwarder Y to load the cargo (S7
1, S72), an operation schedule for transferring the cargo to the airport cargo terminal 41 (S73) is set up.

In any case, the operation schedule of the pickup / transfer in the above two examples is based on the departure time of the transport flight, and moreover, a plurality of forwarders and a plurality of airlines jointly transfer the cargo. Therefore, the number of trucks can be reduced, and each truck can be made larger. Further, since the work of each process can be dispersed in time, the work load can be leveled at both the relay location and the airport cargo terminal 41.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing how the workload is leveled, focusing on the amount of cargo handled in each process. In FIG. 5, the vertical axis indicates the time of the day, of which the time zone is from 6:00 to 21:00. The number on the right is the weight that can be transported at that time, which is determined by the flight schedule. On the other hand, the horizontal axis indicates the weight of the cargo to be processed per unit time, and indicates the work load at the time of collection, a relay place (customs clearance), and loading before loading from the right, respectively. Then, as time elapses, the cargo moves to the left, that is, from collection to transit point (customs clearance) to stowage, and also moves downward. For example, a 10-ton cargo L1 collected between 7:00 and 8:00 in the morning is processed at a transit point (clearance) between 9:30 and 10:30 (L
2) After being transported to the airport, loading is completed by 14:00 (L3), and it is loaded on a flight departing from 14:00 to 15:00 and transported. Similarly, the 30-ton cargo M1 collected from 11:30 to 13:30 is processed at the transfer point (customs clearance) between 15:30 and 17:00 (M2), and is then transferred to the airport at 19:00. Loading is completed by 30 minutes (M3) and transported on board a flight departing from 19:00 to 20:00. The cargo (N1) loaded on the flight the next day is processed during the night and transported the next day. In FIG. 5, it is assumed that the flow of the cargo to be processed is the same every day for convenience.

As described above, the physical distribution at the time of export is appropriately controlled by appropriately adjusting the collection / transfer timing of the cargo and the handling amount per unit time. As a result, the lead time from collection to loading onto an aircraft, which is a pre-transportation process for exporting cargo, is significantly reduced, and the efficiency of each process can reduce the logistics cost. .

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing how the lead time is shortened. In the conventional logistics system, each process from collection to loading on an aircraft is generally performed once a day, and the lead time, which previously took two days or more, has been changed to the aforementioned logistics system. In this case, it is possible to shorten the time to about half a day, and it can be seen that a remarkable effect is obtained.

Next, a case where cargo is transported from abroad (generally "import") will be described. FIG. 7 is a system explanatory diagram showing the flow of physical distribution and information in the case where freight transported from abroad, ie, imported freight, is delivered to consignees 12 by air as consolidation freight.

As shown in FIG. 7, in this logistics control system for transported freight, the participants are basically the same as in the case of export. The difference from the case of export is that the direction of logistics is reversed, and consignee 12 is present instead of consignor 11. When the direction of the physical distribution is reversed from the aircraft to the consignee 12, the content of the work in charge of each business operator also changes. That is, the airport cargo terminal 41 unloads cargo from an aircraft, carries it into the cargo terminal, and disassembles ULD cargo. In addition, the forwarder performs procedures such as sorting the disassembled mixed cargo into individual cargoes, customs clearance, and the like, and delivering the cargo to the consignee 12.

The system configuration in the case of import is basically the same as that in the case of export. That is, the distribution control system includes a distribution terminal information system 65 as a distribution information management unit, an airline information system 35 as a mobile unit information management unit, and a forwarder information system 25 as a delivery information management unit. I have. These information systems are connected by a communication line, and function as distribution information processing means for controlling distribution of post-processed imported cargo by exchanging necessary information with each other.

The information and cargo flow in the case of this import are as follows. First, the distribution terminal information system 6
5 receives the information input including the delivery destination information of the unloaded cargo, and outputs it to the airline information system 35 as arrival cargo information. The airline information system 35 having received the arriving cargo information outputs the arrival cargo information to the forwarder information system 25 as arrival information together with the arrival time information of the transported cargo flight. Further, the forwarder information system 25 which has received the arrival information starts a procedure such as customs clearance for import, and also uses the arrival information together with the transportation cargo information as a delivery request as a distribution request.
Output to And the distribution terminal information system 65
Receives the delivery request including the transported cargo information from the forwarder information system 25 and, based on the arrival time, as in the case of export, taking into account the collection / delivery transport information held by itself, and , And create a dispatch plan. When the procedures such as customs clearance are completed, these created operation schedules and the like are output as a delivery instruction to the truck. This service schedule and dispatch plan is designed to increase the loading rate of the assigned transport / delivery trucks.
Also, to minimize the work / run time of each truck,
This is also optimized with reference to the running / loading time database.

On the other hand, the unloaded cargo in the ULD mode is carried into the airport cargo terminal 41, disassembled, sorted into individual cargos, and stored in the bonded warehouse 23 or the like.

When a predetermined procedure is performed on the individually sorted cargo by the forwarder and a customs clearance permit and an unloading request are issued, the cargo is sent directly to the consignee 12 from the stored bonded warehouse 23 or the like. Or via a relay location to the consignee 12.

A delivery truck is used for delivery from the airport to the consignee 12. The delivery by the truck is performed according to the optimized route, operation schedule, and dispatch plan created by the distribution terminal information system 65.

The operation schedule of the delivery truck is divided into routes starting from the airport and is divided into airports, consignees A3, A2, A1, and airports (not shown). The operation schedule of the delivery truck in this case may or may not pass through a relay location.

[0125] Finally, information on the cargo delivered and delivered to the consignee 12 is transmitted to the distribution terminal information system 65, and the post-transportation of the cargo related to the import is completed. FIG.
In the post-transportation process, cargoes transported in the case of import are unloaded from the aircraft, broken down, and delivered to the consignee 12 via the transit point (customs clearance), and the workload is leveled. It is explanatory drawing which showed the situation paying attention to the amount of handling of the cargo in each process.

The viewpoint of FIG. 8 is basically the same as that of FIG. 5 exemplified for the description of export, but the flow of cargo is
In FIG. 8, the order is from left to right, that is, breakdown → relay location (customs clearance) → delivery. For example, in FIG. 8, a 15-ton cargo (L1) arriving between 9:00 and 10:00 and being broken down is returned to a transit point (clearance) between 11:00 and 12:00 once the procedures for import are completed. It is transferred (L2), and the delivery is completed by 14:00 (L3).

As described above, the physical distribution at the time of import is also appropriately controlled by appropriately adjusting the cargo transfer / delivery timing based on the flight arrival time and the handling amount per unit time. In FIG. 8 as well, it is assumed that the flow of the processed cargo is the same every day for convenience.

As described above, according to the first embodiment, many excellent effects as described below can be obtained. (1) Since information systems between forwarders, airlines, and airport freight terminals having different business ranges are interconnected, information possessed by each can be combined with each other to obtain high value-added information. In addition, since this high-value-added information can be easily integrated and managed, a highly reliable system can be constructed.

(2) Since the business entity is simply configured by integrating the physical distribution to the airport and the physical distribution within the airport, the management and operation thereof can be performed easily and at low cost. For example, it is possible to easily formulate a dispatch / operation plan in consideration of the entire target distribution system.
In addition, vehicle management such as collection / delivery trucks can be facilitated.

(3) As described above, by interconnecting the information systems between the operators, it is extremely easy to determine the distribution timing of the processes before and after the transportation based on the departure and arrival times of the aircraft that transports the cargo. become able to. Therefore, it is possible to smoothly carry out processes related to logistics including cargo collection / delivery / transfer.

(4) By providing a relay location between the airport cargo terminal and the shipper (shipper or consignee), that is, a forwarder business office or a relay base jointly collected and delivered by the forwarders, the distribution control capability is improved. It is possible to provide a buffer function for adjusting the distribution without lowering. For example, a plurality of small cargoes can be tailored into one consolidation cargo at the relay location, or the date and time when the cargo is collected from the sender can be finely adjusted. Also,
Even when the departure / arrival time of the aircraft is changed, it is possible to easily cope with the change.

(5) The distribution timing can be more accurately determined in consideration of the truck traveling time and the cargo loading / unloading time in the database. Thereby, a more efficient and smooth distribution system can be constructed.

(6) Since the physical distribution is finely managed based on the physical distribution timing, high-quality cargo transportation can be realized at low cost. For example, the shipper 11 can easily perform the date-specified transport that specifies the delivery date and time of the cargo to the consignee 12.

(7) Since the physical distribution is controlled by the physical distribution timing, the amount of cargo handled at one time is limited according to the cargo transportation capacity determined by the flight schedule. Moreover, the cargo to be handled is appropriately divided and transferred in time. Therefore, the cargo volume in each process of logistics is leveled, and if the work capacity, work and storage space, and the collection / delivery / transport capacity according to the leveled cargo volume are secured, it is possible to sufficiently respond to the logistics. become.
Further, in each step of the distribution, excessive personnel, trucks and other industrial vehicles, and storage space can be reduced, so that a low-cost distribution system can be provided.

(8) Cargo handling volume in each process before and after transportation is leveled in time, and the destination, source, time, and flight of cargo handled simultaneously as work objects are limited. The efficiency of the work itself, such as sorting and sorting, can be improved. Further, with this, there is a high possibility that a work error in each step can be prevented beforehand.

(9) The cooperative operation of the collection and delivery / transportation trucks based on the unified management information among the business operators using the operation schedule in accordance with the distribution timing described above. It is possible to easily create an appropriate vehicle allocation plan for an appropriate route in consideration of such factors. Therefore, it is easy to operate a smaller number of trucks at a high loading rate. In addition, the truck can be made larger, and the truck as a transfer means can be effectively used. In addition, this appropriate dispatch and operation plan should reduce the concentration of cargo at a specific time and the resulting stagnation, and the resulting congestion of pickup / delivery trucks and unnecessary long-term stagnation at airports. Can be.

(10) Since the work time in each process is determined by the physical distribution timing determined on the basis of the flight schedule, the work waiting time and storage time are reduced, and the lead time of the process before and after transportation can be greatly reduced. it can.

(11) By the synergistic effect of each of the above effects,
Vehicles and facilities, including trucks and airport cargo terminals, and human resources in each process can be effectively used. Therefore, it is possible to improve the efficiency of the whole logistics before and after the transportation of the cargo and to construct a low-cost logistics system. With this low-cost logistics system, a rise in airport usage fees and the like is suppressed, and the value of use as an airport that handles cargo is increased. Furthermore, valuable natural resources such as fossil fuels can be effectively used to reduce exhaust gas from trucks and the like, so that an environmentally desirable distribution system can be obtained.

(Second Embodiment) Next, a second embodiment of the method and the system for controlling the distribution of transported cargo according to the present invention will be described, focusing on the differences from the first embodiment. This will be described with reference to FIGS.

As shown in FIG. 9 and FIG.
In the embodiment of the present invention, as a company involved in the physical distribution control system, as compared with the case of the first embodiment,
Further, a distribution company 51 is added. In this case, the logistics company 51 is responsible for the collection and delivery and transfer of cargo outside the airport, out of the logistics of cargo inside and outside the airport, which was handled by the airport cargo terminal 41. That is, the airport cargo terminal 41 is in charge of logistics between the aircraft and the cargo terminal, and the logistics company 51 is in charge of collection, delivery, and transfer of cargo between the cargo terminal and the shipper (the sender 11 or the consignee 12).

Accordingly, the collection / delivery information managed by the physical distribution terminal information system 65 in the first embodiment is managed by the physical distribution information system 55 of the physical distribution company 51. The terminal cargo information is managed by the terminal information system 45 of the airport cargo terminal 41.

In this case, the terminal information system 45
In the case of export, the optimum logistics timing of the cargo based on the departure time of the mobile unit is calculated.In the case of import, information input including the delivery destination information of the cargo unloaded from the arriving mobile unit is required. When it is performed, it functions as a first distribution information management unit that outputs this as arrival cargo information. Then, the logistics information system 55 outputs information instructing the start of collection from the consignor 11 at the time of export.
At the time of import, it functions as a second distribution information management unit that outputs information instructing the start of delivery to the consignee 12.

First, the flow of information in the case of exporting with the system configuration according to the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. First, the consignor 11 requests a forwarder company to transport as appropriate. When there is a transport request in this way, each company's forwarder information system 25
Collects these transportation requests and determines an appropriate airline and its flight based on the collected information, taking into account the destination of the cargo. Then, they are output to the airline information system 35 together with the transported cargo information as cargo loading reservation information. At the same time, the transport cargo information is output to the distribution information system 55 as collection request information.

The airline information system 35 receives and manages the mounting reservation information from the forwarder information system 25. Then, the transfer request for the transport target cargo is output to the terminal information system 45 together with the airline information as transfer / work instruction information in accordance with the departure time information of the flight reserved for loading. Further, the terminal information system 45 receives the transfer / work instruction information and outputs to the distribution information system 55 a cargo transfer request including flight loading reservation information and departure time information. This terminal information system 45
Alternatively, the transfer / work instruction information may be output directly from the airline information system 35 to the physical distribution information system 55 instead of outputting the transfer request to the physical distribution information system 55.

[0145] Hereinafter, the physical distribution information system 55 uses the same procedure as that prepared by the physical distribution terminal information system 65 in the first embodiment to distribute the pickup / transfer trucks.
Create an operation plan.

In this manner, the physical distribution control system according to the second embodiment can appropriately control the physical distribution of the cargo before transportation, similarly to the system exemplified as the first exemplary embodiment. become.

Next, the information and the flow of cargo in the case of importing using the system configuration according to the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. First, the terminal information system 45 receives an information input including the delivery destination information of the unloaded cargo and outputs this to the airline information system 35 as arrival cargo information.
Airline information system 35 receiving this arrival cargo information
Outputs to the forwarder information system 25 the arrival time information of the flight in which the cargo has been transported, together with the arrival cargo information, as arrival information. Further, the forwarder information system 25 that has received the arrival information starts procedures such as customs clearance for import, and uses the arrival information and the transported cargo information as a delivery request as a distribution request.
Output to Then, the distribution information system 55 receives the delivery request including the arrival information and the transported cargo information from the forwarder information system 25, and based on the arrival time, as in the case of the export, collects the collection / delivery information held by itself. Create a route, schedule, and dispatch plan for the truck. When the procedures such as customs clearance are completed, these created operation schedules and the like are output as a delivery instruction to the truck. The operation schedule and the dispatch plan are optimized so that the loading rate of the assigned transport / delivery truck is high and the work / travel time of the truck is minimized.

On the other hand, the unloaded cargo in the ULD mode is carried into the airport cargo terminal 41, disassembled, sorted into individual cargos, and stored in the bonded warehouse 23 or the like.

When a predetermined procedure is completed by the forwarder and a customs clearance permit and an unloading request are issued, the cargo is directly sent to the consignee 1 from the bonded warehouse 23 where the cargo is stored.
2 or via a relay location to the consignee 12.

For delivery from the airport to the consignee 12, a delivery truck is used. The delivery by truck is performed in accordance with the optimized route, operation schedule, and dispatch plan created by the distribution information system 55, as in the case of the first embodiment.

As described above, the physical distribution control system according to the second embodiment can appropriately control the physical distribution after the transportation of the cargo, similarly to the system exemplified as the first exemplary embodiment. become.

As described above, according to the second embodiment, the following effects can be obtained in addition to the effects (3) to (11) of the first embodiment. become able to.

(12) Since a physical distribution control system can be constructed based on an existing business entity, the existing system of the existing business entity can be used. Therefore,
There is no need to create a new business and no significant capital investment. That is, the system can be started up quickly with minimum investment.

(13) Since the business related to the collection and delivery of cargo is transferred to a logistics company, the principle of competition between the logistics companies works, and a higher quality service utilizing the characteristics of each company is provided at a lower level. It can be provided at a cost.

The first and second embodiments may be modified as follows. -In the first and second embodiments, the delivery and delivery
In this example, an operation plan such as the route of a truck for transportation, an operation schedule, and a vehicle allocation is created each time by summarizing information on transportation requests and arriving cargo. If it is almost constant, an operation plan based on such information may be created in advance. In this case, for example, when there is an extra flight of the flight, an operation plan may be newly created according to the flight, or a daily plan may be arranged.

In the first and second embodiments, an operation plan such as a truck route, an operation schedule, and a vehicle allocation for collection and transfer of cargo is collected from the consignor 11 to the relay location. -Although an example has been shown in which the transfer and the transfer from the relay location to the airport cargo terminal 41 are both created based on the transported cargo information, it is not always necessary to create the operation plan for both. As long as the collection and transfer of cargo from the shipper 11 to the transfer point has been completed in advance, the operation plan may be created only for the transfer of the cargo from the transfer point to the airport cargo terminal 41. The effect according to the form can be obtained.

In preparing the truck operation plan for collection / delivery / transportation, the plan may be changed in consideration of the truck position information. For example, by taking into account the current location of trucks to respond to urgent transportation requests and instructing trucks working or moving nearby to pick up the cargo, a more flexible logistics control system and can do.

In the above-described first embodiment, the configuration in which the distribution terminal information system 65 creates the operation plan of the truck for collection and delivery / transport is described.
It is not necessarily limited to this example. The operation plan may be created through the forwarder information system 25, for example.

In the second embodiment, the configuration in which the logistics information system 55 creates the operation plan of the truck for collection / delivery / transport is described as an example. However, the present invention is not limited to this example. The operation plan may be created through the forwarder information system 25, for example.

In the first and second embodiments,
Although the case where the forwarder office 22 or the relay base 24 shared by the forwarders and the like is used as the relay location of the cargo for transportation has been described, other locations may be used. Any place that can perform various operations and procedures for the transportation may be used. For example, it may be an airport facility.

In the first and second embodiments,
Although the case where small cargo is transported as consolidation cargo has been illustrated, the transport target as the physical distribution control system may be direct shipment cargo that does not pass through a relay location.

In the first and second embodiments,
Although a case has been exemplified in which a single physical distribution control system is configured in which a plurality of forwarders and a plurality of airlines are integrated, such a configuration is not necessarily required. For example, a distribution control system according to the above may be constructed for one forwarder and a plurality of airlines, or for a plurality of forwarders and one airline. Further, as long as the merits of the scale for leveling the volume and distribution of cargo over time can be obtained, one system may be constructed with one forwarder and one airline.

In the first and second embodiments,
The connection between the information systems is described as being connected by EDI, CCS, or the Internet, but is not necessarily limited to these. It is only necessary that each information system can communicate with each other.

In the first and second embodiments,
Although the information systems managed by each company are distributed and arranged, and they are connected to each other via a communication line, an example is shown, but it is not always necessary to perform the distributed management. As long as desired information can be obtained by appropriately combining necessary information, an integrated information system as physical distribution information processing means may be constructed on one computer. Further, the integrated information system and the information system managed by each business entity may exist anywhere on the connected computer network.

In the first and second embodiments,
Although the example where cargo is transported to or from abroad is illustrated, it is not necessary that the cargo involve foreign countries. The invention may be applied for domestic transportation.

In the first and second embodiments,
Although the case where an aircraft is used as a means of transporting cargo has been described as an example, the aircraft need not necessarily be an aircraft. Possible vehicles may be ships, trains or other means.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a system configuration of export freight processing in a first embodiment of a physical distribution control system according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a method of collecting and collecting export cargo according to the embodiments.
Explanatory drawing which shows the concept of transfer.

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating the collection and export of cargoes for export cargo according to the respective embodiments.
Explanatory drawing which shows the example of the operation schedule of transfer.

FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a method of collecting and delivering export cargo according to the embodiments.
Explanatory drawing which shows the example of the operation schedule of transfer.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing the flow of the amount of cargo and the amount of work for each process in the case of export according to the respective embodiments.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory view of shortening the lead time of export cargo according to the respective embodiments.

FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing a system configuration of import cargo processing in the first embodiment of the physical distribution control system according to the present invention.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing a flow of the amount of cargo and the amount of work for each process in the case of import according to the respective embodiments.

FIG. 9 is a block diagram showing a system configuration of export freight processing in a second embodiment of the physical distribution control system according to the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a block diagram showing a system configuration of import cargo processing in a second embodiment of the physical distribution control system according to the present invention.

FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram showing a conventional flow of export cargo and information flow.

FIG. 12 is an explanatory view showing a conventional flow of export cargo and information flow, and an outline of operations and procedures in each process.

FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram showing a conventional flow of imported cargo and information flow.

FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram showing an outline of conventional logistics and information flow of imported cargo, and work / procedure in each process.

FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram showing a business range of a forwarder and an airline in conventional import / export cargo.

[Explanation of symbols]

11 ... Sender, 12 ... Consignee, 21 ... Forwarder, 2
2 forwarder sales office, 23 ... bonded warehouse, 24 ... relay base, 25 ... forwarder information system, 32 ... airline business office, 35 ... airline information system, 41 ... airport cargo terminal, 41a ... export terminal, 41b ...
Import terminal, 45 ... Terminal information system, 51
... logistics company, 65 ... logistics terminal information system.

Claims (36)

[Claims] 1. A method of controlling at least one of before and after logistics of goods transported by a mobile object with the assistance of a computer, the method comprising the steps of: A distribution control method for transported cargo, comprising determining distribution timing and scheduling the distribution based on the determined distribution timing. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the cargo is a cargo exported by the mobile unit, the logistics timing is determined based on a departure time of the mobile unit, and the logistics scheduling is carried out from a shipper. 2. The distribution control method for transported cargo according to claim 1, wherein at least a part of the series of pre-transportation operations until the loaded cargo is loaded on the moving body is performed. 3. The collection of the cargo is performed by a truck,
3. The distribution control method for transported cargo according to claim 2, wherein the scheduling of the physical distribution is performed as a dispatch plan of the truck based on the location information of the sender and the unique information of the collected cargo. 4. A method according to claim 1, wherein at least a part of the logistics involved in a series of pre-transportation operations until the cargo collected from said shipper is loaded on said mobile unit is divided into a plurality of times based on said determined logistics timing. The method according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the method is carried out by carrying out. 5. The method according to claim 5, further comprising the step of temporarily storing the cargo collected from said shipper at a staging place, and determining the physical distribution timing of the physical distribution scheduling before loading said temporarily stored cargo on said moving body. 3. The method according to claim 2, which is performed based on the departure time of the body. 6. The distribution control method for transported cargo according to claim 5, wherein the distribution related to the transport of the cargo from the relay location to the moving body is performed a plurality of times based on the determined distribution timing. . 7. A method for temporarily storing cargo collected from the shipper at a staging location, wherein the logistics scheduling for collection of the cargo from the sender to the staging location and the movement of the temporarily stored cargo are performed. 3. The distribution control method for transported cargo according to claim 2, wherein the distribution timing is determined based on the departure time of the moving body in the physical distribution scheduling up to mounting on the body. 8. The method according to claim 8, wherein the cargo is picked up by a truck, and the physical distribution is scheduled as a dispatch plan of the truck based on at least the position information of the shipper and the unique information of the collected cargo. Item 7. A method for controlling the distribution of transported cargo according to Item 7. 9. A logistics process for collecting cargo from the consignor to the relay location and a logistics process for transporting the cargo from the relay location to the moving body based on the determined physical distribution timing. 9. The method according to claim 7, wherein the control is performed a plurality of times. 10. The cargo is a cargo imported by the moving body, the distribution timing is determined based on an arrival time of the moving body, and the scheduling of the distribution is performed by unloading from the moving body. 2. The distribution control method for transported cargo according to claim 1, wherein at least a part of the series of post-transportation operations until the delivered cargo is delivered to the consignee is performed. 11. The delivery of the cargo is performed by a truck, and the scheduling of the physical distribution is performed as a dispatch plan of the truck based on the location information of the consignee and the unique information of the cargo to be delivered. Transportation freight logistics control method. 12. A method according to claim 12, wherein at least a part of a series of post-transportation logistics until the cargo unloaded from said mobile unit is delivered to said consignee is divided into a plurality of times based on said determined distribution timing. Claim 10 or 1 carried out by
A method for controlling the distribution of transported cargo according to claim 1. 13. The method according to claim 13, further comprising the step of temporarily storing the cargo unloaded from said mobile unit at a staging location, wherein the distribution timing of the logistics scheduling relating to the transfer of said cargo unloaded from said mobile unit to said relay location is determined. The distribution control method for transported cargo according to claim 10, which is performed based on an arrival time of the moving object. 14. The transportation freight according to claim 13, wherein the distribution of the cargo unloaded from the moving body to the relay location is performed a plurality of times based on the determined distribution timing. Logistics control method. 15. The method according to claim 15, further comprising the step of temporarily storing the cargo unloaded from the moving body at a relay location, wherein the logistics scheduling relating to the transfer of the cargo unloaded from the mobile body to the relay location and the provision of the temporarily stored cargo are performed. 11. The distribution control method for transported cargo according to claim 10, wherein in the distribution scheduling for delivery to the consignee, the distribution timing is determined based on the arrival time of the moving object. 16. The method according to claim 16, wherein at least the delivery of the cargo is performed by a truck, and the scheduling of the physical distribution is performed as a dispatch plan of the truck based on at least the location information of the consignee and the unique information of the delivered cargo. 16. The method for controlling the distribution of transported cargo according to claim 15. 17. The logistics timings for the distribution of the cargo unloaded from the mobile unit to the transfer location and the distribution of the cargo from the relay location to the consignee, respectively. 17. The distribution control method for transported cargo according to claim 15 or 16, wherein the method is performed a plurality of times based on the following. 18. A system for controlling at least one of physical distribution before and after transportation of cargo transported by a mobile body, wherein a physical distribution timing of the cargo is determined based on a migration plan of the mobile body. And a logistics information processing means for outputting a control command for controlling the physical distribution based on the determined physical distribution timing. 19. The cargo is a cargo exported by the mobile unit, wherein the logistics information processing means includes information on reservation of loading on the mobile unit and collection of the cargo based on a cargo transport request from a shipper. A collection information management unit that outputs request information, and receives and manages the mounting reservation information output from the collection information management unit, and also performs the mounting reservation together with the departure time information of the mobile unit for which the mounting is reserved. A mobile information management unit that outputs a cargo transfer request; a collection request information output from the collection information management unit, a departure time information of the mobile output from the mobile information management unit, and a cargo transfer request. And calculates the optimum logistics timing of the cargo based on the departure time of the moving object, and outputs information instructing start of collection from the shipper based on the determined optimum logistics timing. The distribution control system for transported cargo according to claim 18, comprising: a flow information management unit. 20. A logistics information management unit which outputs together with the unique information including at least the collection date and time of the cargo and the location information of the sender as the cargo collection request information. 20. The logistics control of a transported cargo according to claim 19, wherein based on the unique information of the cargo and the location information of the sender, outputs information instructing a start of collection from the sender so that an optimal collection schedule is formed. system. 21. The collection information management section outputs together with the cargo volume information and weight information as the cargo specific information, and the physical distribution information management section outputs the cargo volume information and weight information. 21. The transport freight distribution control system according to claim 20, wherein information for instructing the start of collection from the consignor is output so that an optimum loading rate is obtained together based on the information. 22. The logistics information management unit includes a loading / unloading time database in which the loading / unloading time of a cargo with a pickup truck is registered corresponding to the volume information and the weight information of the cargo. 22. The logistics control system for transported cargo according to claim 21, wherein information instructing the start of collection by a person is corrected based on the loading / unloading time information obtained from the loading / unloading time database. 23. The logistics information management unit obtains a plurality of optimum logistics timings of the cargo based on the departure time of the mobile object according to different departure times of the mobile object, and collects the cargo from the consignor. 23. The transport cargo distribution control system according to claim 19, wherein the information for instructing start is output in a plurality of times based on the obtained optimal distribution timings. 24. The cargo collected from the shipper is temporarily stored at a relay location, and the physical distribution information management unit transfers the cargo from the relay location based on the determined optimal physical distribution timing. 24. The logistics control system for transported cargo according to claim 19, wherein information for instructing start is output together with information for instructing start of collection from the sender. 25. The collection information management unit, the mobile unit information management unit, and the physical distribution information management unit are separately provided at different places via communication lines, respectively. Logistics control system for transportation cargo described in Crab. 26. At least one of said collection information management unit and said mobile unit information management unit is provided and managed and operated separately, and all information of said collection information management unit and said mobile unit information management unit is stored in said logistics unit. 26. The distribution control system for transported cargo according to claim 25, wherein the distribution management system is centrally managed by an information management unit. 27. The logistics information management unit receives the departure time information of the mobile unit output from the mobile unit information management unit and the cargo transfer request, and determines the optimal distribution timing of the cargo based on the departure time of the mobile unit. A first logistics information management unit that obtains the information, a collection request information output from the collection information management unit, and an optimal logistics timing of the cargo obtained by the first distribution information management unit. And a second logistics information management unit that outputs information instructing the start of collection of the first and second physical distribution information. The first and second physical distribution information management units are further provided separately at different locations via a communication line. 27. The transport cargo distribution control system according to claim 25 or 26. 28. A method in which said cargo is cargo imported by said moving body, and said logistics information processing means inputs information including delivery destination information on the cargo unloaded from said arriving moving body. A first logistics information management unit for outputting the same as arriving freight information; and receiving the arriving freight information output from the first logistics information managing unit. A mobile information management unit that outputs arrival time information, and receives the arrival cargo information and the arrival time information output from the mobile information management unit, and sends a delivery request to the consignee of the unloaded cargo together with the information. A delivery information management unit to be output, and receiving the arrival cargo information and the arrival time information output together with the delivery request from the delivery information management unit, based on the arrival time of the mobile unit. A second logistics information management unit that calculates the optimal logistics timing of the cargo and outputs information instructing the start of delivery to the consignee based on the determined optimal physical distribution timing. 19. The distribution control system for transportation cargo according to claim 18. 29. The second physical distribution information management section outputs information instructing a start of delivery to the consignee based on the delivery destination information included in the arriving cargo information so that an optimal delivery schedule is formed. 29. The distribution control system for transported cargo according to claim 28. 30. The arriving cargo information also includes volume information and weight information on the unloaded cargo, and the second logistics information management unit uses the arriving cargo information based on the volume information and weight information of the cargo. 30. The transport cargo distribution control system according to claim 29, wherein information for instructing a start of delivery to the consignee is output so that an optimum loading rate is also obtained. 31. The second logistics information management unit includes a loading / unloading time database in which loading / unloading times of cargo with a delivery truck are registered corresponding to the volume information and weight information of the cargo. 31. The logistics control system for transported cargo according to claim 30, wherein information instructing the start of delivery to the consignee is corrected based on loading / unloading time information obtained from the loading / unloading time database. 32. The second physical distribution information management unit obtains a plurality of optimal physical distribution timings of the cargo based on the arrival time of the mobile object in accordance with each different arrival time of the mobile object,
32. The logistics control system for transported cargo according to claim 28, wherein the information for instructing the start of delivery to the consignee is output a plurality of times based on the obtained optimum physical distribution timings. 33. The cargo to be delivered to the consignee is temporarily stored at a relay location, and the second physical distribution information management unit transmits the cargo to the relay location based on the determined optimal physical distribution timing. 33. The logistics control system for transported cargo according to claim 28, wherein the information for instructing the start of the transfer of the cargo is output together with the information for instructing the start of the delivery to the consignee. 34. The delivery information management unit, the mobile unit information management unit, and the first and second physical distribution information management units are separately provided at different places via a communication line. Item 34. A transport cargo distribution control system according to any one of Items 28 to 33. 35. At least one of said delivery information management section and said mobile body information management section is provided and managed and operated separately, and all information of said delivery information management section and said mobile body information management section is stored in said second section. 35. The logistics control system for transported cargo according to claim 34, wherein the logistics information is centrally managed by the first and second distribution information management units. 36. The distribution control system for transported goods according to claim 28, wherein said first and second distribution information management units are integrally provided as one distribution information management unit.