JP2002038883A - Shield excavator and method for estimating excavable distance of shield excavator - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [PROBLEMS] A shield excavator capable of suitably estimating a wear amount of a bit and an excavable distance at an arbitrary position during excavation without a large increase in cost and estimating an excavable distance of the shield excavator. Provide a way. SOLUTION: This shield excavator 1 is provided with a face collapse exploration device 25 for measuring a clearance amount D at which a top end of a tunnel shaft A and an outer periphery of a cutter disk 10 are separated from each other.
In addition, a control unit that controls the shield machine 1 is provided with an excavable distance estimating unit that performs statistical processing of the clearance amount D measured by the face collapse inspection device 25 and estimates the excavable distance of the shield machine 1.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a shield machine and a method for estimating a possible excavation distance of a shield machine.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a shield construction method for excavating a ground using a shield excavator has been known. The shield machine includes a cutter having a plurality of bits on its front surface, and by propelling the cutter while turning the cutter, advances while excavating a digging point with the bits provided on the cutter to form a drill hole. This bit wears with the excavation of the shield machine. Further, the wear amount of the bit changes depending on the hardness of the excavated ground. For this reason, when excavating a certain long distance, it is important to grasp the amount of wear of the bit during excavation as needed, and to grasp the excavable distance that the shield machine can excavate in that state.

[0003] As a method of detecting the amount of wear of a bit, for example, a method of directly grasping the wear of a bit by providing an intermediate standing stake, or detecting the wear due to a decrease in oil pressure when a bit of wear exceeds a certain amount. In addition to a detection method using a “hydraulic pressure detection bit”, a method using a detector that detects wear of the bit (detects by oscillating and receiving ultrasonic waves and sound) is known. Further, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-2210
Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 05-2005 discloses a wear structure in which a magnetic core around which a primary coil and a secondary coil are wound is housed inside, and a part of the magnetic core is exposed to the front of a digging surface. A configuration in which a detection head is provided at a predetermined position of a cutter is disclosed. According to this configuration, the exposed portion of the magnetic core wears with the excavation, and the magnetic resistance of the magnetic core changes accordingly. From the change in the magnetic resistance value, the wear amount of the bit can be grasped.

[0004]

However, for example, when the intermediate pile is provided, the wear state of the bit can be accurately grasped, but a large work load is involved and the cost increases. Further, the wear state of the bit is grasped only at the position where the intermediate pile is provided, cannot be grasped at an arbitrary position during excavation, and the applicable range is narrow. On the other hand, the other methods described above (methods using hydraulic pressure, ultrasonic waves, sound, etc.) are inferior in accuracy to the method of providing an intermediate pile in that bits cannot be directly confirmed. In addition, when the above-described detector (using an ultrasonic wave or a sound) is provided, the cost increases due to a measuring device (such as an ultrasonic wave or a sound) included in the detector. Furthermore, since the impedance changes when the length of the lead wire connected to the detector changes, there has been a problem that the value changes before and after the setup change of the shield machine, for example.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a shield excavator capable of appropriately estimating a wear amount of a bit and an excavable distance at an arbitrary place during excavation without great increase in cost, and an estimation of excavable distance of the shield excavator. Is to provide a way.

[0006]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, for example, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, at least a part of bits (for example, outer teeth bits 16...) Is provided with a cutter head 20 having a cutter disk 10 provided so as to protrude from the outer periphery, and a shield excavation in which a cutter head is turned to excavate the ground to form an excavation hole (for example, a tunnel pit A). Exploration means (for example, a face collapse exploration device 25) for measuring a clearance amount D that separates an inner surface of the excavation hole excavated by the shield excavator body and an outer periphery of the cutter disk. The relationship between the amount of excavation distance (for example, ring No.) based on the distance excavated by the shield excavator body by statistical processing and the clearance amount measured by the exploration means. Seek approximate expression, characterized in that it comprises a drilling distance estimating means for estimating the drilling distance of the shield machine main body based on the approximate expression (e.g., drilling distance estimating unit), a.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, when the shield machine excavates while rotating the cutter head, the excavation diameter of the excavation hole is reduced by the bit provided so as to protrude from the outer periphery of the cutter disk. It is pre-drilled to a diameter larger than the diameter. However, when the bit protruding from the outer periphery of the cutter disk wears with the excavation of the shield excavator, the bit is not sufficiently pre-drilled due to the wear, and the excavation diameter of the excavation hole becomes small.
Here, the clearance amount measured by the exploration means is the distance between the inner surface of the drilling hole and the outer periphery of the cutter disk, and as described above, when the drilling diameter becomes smaller due to wear of the bit, the clearance amount is measured. The clearance amount becomes smaller. That is, the degree of progress of wear of the bit protruding from the outer periphery of the cutter disk is reflected in the clearance amount measured by the search means. Therefore, by grasping the transition of the clearance amount during the process of drilling a borehole,
The progress of wear of the bit protruding from the outer periphery of the cutter disk can be grasped. As described above, along with the excavation of the shield machine, the clearance amount was measured at any time,
By the excavable distance estimating means, an approximate expression indicating the relationship between the measured clearance amount and the excavation distance amount based on the distance excavated by the shield excavator is obtained, and by using this approximate expression, the wear state of the bit at that time is obtained. From this, the excavable distance that the shield machine can excavate can be estimated. For example,
By setting the limit value of the clearance amount reflecting the wear state of the bit, the excavable distance can be estimated from the approximate expression obtained by the excavable distance estimating means.

Here, the excavation distance amount is not limited to the actual distance excavated by the shield excavator, but may be any data as long as it corresponds to the distance excavated by the shield excavator. For example, a shield excavator lining a segment sequentially along the excavation, may use the number of this lining segment, using the number of rings formed by collecting a certain number of this segment May be. In this case, the number of segments and the number of rings can be easily associated with the distance from the length of the segment (the length of the shield machine in the direction of excavation). As the exploration means, any configuration may be applied as long as the distance between the inner surface of the drilling hole and the outer periphery of the cutter disk can be measured.

The invention described in claim 2 is, for example, shown in FIGS.
As shown in (1), in the shield machine according to claim 1, the exploration means is a jack (for example, a collapse exploration jack 25a) provided so as to be freely extended and contracted in a direction from the outer periphery of the cutter disk toward the inner surface of the excavation hole.
And a pressure detecting means (for example, an earth pressure gauge) provided at a tip portion of the jack that is in contact with the inner surface of the borehole in an extended state to detect a pressure received from the inner surface of the borehole. The pressure applied to the tip of the jack detected by the pressure detecting means in a state where the jack extends toward the inner surface of the drill hole and the tip of the jack contacts the inner surface of the drill hole. It is characterized by being measured based on.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, since the jack is provided so as to extend and contract from the outer periphery of the cutter disk toward the inner surface of the drilling hole, the jack is extended to abut the inner surface of the drilling hole. Can be done.
Also, since pressure detecting means is provided at the tip of the jack, in the process of extending the jack toward the inner surface of the drilling hole, by monitoring the pressure detected by the pressure detecting means,
It is determined whether or not the tip of the jack has contacted the inner surface of the borehole. That is, by monitoring the pressure detected by the pressure detecting means, the clearance amount according to claim 1 can be measured as the extension distance of the jack until the tip of the jack contacts the inner surface of the excavation hole. Therefore, the same effect as the first aspect can be obtained, and the excavable distance can be preferably estimated.

Further, since the clearance amount is basically measured by the extension distance of the jack, there is no need for a configuration such as a detector utilizing ultrasonic waves or sound, and an expensive measuring device provided in the detector. There is no cost increase due to (such as ultrasound or sound).

The jack is provided so as to be freely extended and contracted in the direction from the outer periphery of the cutter disk to the inner surface of the excavation hole. Therefore, basically, there is no limitation on the place where the jack measures the clearance amount. The clearance amount can be measured at any place during the excavation of the excavator.
Note that the direction in which the jack is extended is preferably the top direction of the inner surface of the excavation hole in order to reduce the measurement error.

The invention described in claim 3 is, for example, shown in FIGS.
As shown in (2), in the shield machine according to claim 2, the jack is a collapse detection jack 25a for detecting collapse of an inner surface of the excavation hole.

According to the third aspect of the invention, the same effects as those of the second aspect can be obtained, and a collapse exploration jack, which is a well-known component of the shield machine, is used as the jack of the second aspect. By doing so, the components can be shared and the cost can be further reduced without providing a new configuration. The collapse exploration jack is driven by, for example, a hydraulic cylinder, and is configured to be able to protrude and retract in a direction toward the inner surface of the excavation hole. Thus, when the shield machine is excavated, it can be detected whether or not the excavation has been performed with a predetermined pre-digging amount, and whether or not the inner surface of the excavation hole has collapsed is detected.

The invention described in claim 4 is, for example, shown in FIGS.
, A cutter head 2 including a cutter disk 10 provided with at least a part of bits (for example, outer teeth bits 16...) Protrude from the outer periphery.
0 is provided on the front surface, and the cutter head is turned to excavate the ground to form an excavation hole (for example, tunnel pit A). The clearance amount D at which the inner surface of the excavation hole excavated and excavated is separated from the outer periphery of the cutter disc is measured, and the excavation distance amount (for example, ring N) based on the distance the shield excavator body excavates by statistical processing.
O. ) And an approximate expression of the relationship between the clearance amount and
The excavable distance of the shield machine body is estimated based on the approximate expression.

According to the fourth aspect of the invention, the same effects as those of the first aspect can be obtained.

[0017]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A shield machine 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to FIGS.
The basic configuration of the shield machine 1 according to the present embodiment is a well-known muddy shield machine as shown in FIG. 2, and a pump (not shown) is provided from the ground to excavate a tunnel A (a drill hole). ), The excavated earth and sand is discharged out of the tunnel pit A by the return of the mud while the mud is pumped to hold the groundwater with the mud pressure and stabilize the face. In the following description, as shown in FIG. 2, the excavation direction of the shield excavator 1 is defined as a front direction, and the direction opposite to the excavation direction is defined as a rear direction.

FIG. 2 shows a shield machine 1 according to this embodiment.
As shown in (1), it basically has the following configuration. That is, the cutter disk 1 having a large number of bits on the front surface
0 (shown in FIG. 1), a chamber 21 for feeding muddy water and controlling the muddy water pressure to a predetermined level, and taking in excavated earth and sand excavated by the cutterhead 20, and supplying muddy water from above the chamber 21. A water supply pipe 22 for pressurizing and sealing the chamber 21 is provided, and a mud discharge main pipe 23 and a preliminary mud discharge pipe 24 for discharging muddy water including excavated soil from the chamber 21. The shield machine 1 includes an erector 30 for assembling the segments M in a ring shape, a movable segment assembling scaffold 31 for assembling the segments M, and a ring-shaped lining of the segments M on the inner surface of the excavated tunnel A. And a shield jack 26 that takes a reaction force from the completed segment M and moves the shield machine 1 forward. Further, the cutter head 20 is provided with a face collapse inspection device 25 (exploration means, shown in FIG. 1) unique to the present embodiment. When excavating tunnel tunnel A, the face collapse exploration device 25 uses the outer periphery of cutter disc 10 and tunnel tunnel A
(Hereinafter, clearance D, shown in FIG. 3) is measured.

The shield machine 1 is provided with a control unit (not shown) for controlling the shield machine 1. The control unit stores a program for controlling the shield machine 1 in advance, a ROM in which data used in the program is stored, and data for controlling the shield machine 1 based on the program. RA
M and a CPU for performing various processes based on the program. Further, the control unit includes a clearance amount D measured by the face collapse exploration device 25 (shown in FIG. 1).
An excavable distance estimating unit (excavable distance estimating means, not shown) for performing the statistical processing (described above) and estimating the excavable distance of the shield excavator 1 is provided.

The shield jack 26 is driven by a hydraulic cylinder system, and is provided so as to be able to expand and contract in the front-rear direction of the shield machine 1 as shown in FIG. Then, the shield jack 26 takes a reaction force from the stretched and stretched segment M, and the shield machine 1 advances. In the present embodiment, 29 shield jacks 26 are provided in parallel.

As shown in FIG. 2, the water pipe 22 has a supply port 22a at the end opening inside the chamber 22, and supplies muddy water from the supply port 22a to the chamber 22. Thereby, when excavating the tunnel A, the entire face is filled with the muddy water. The mud pressure in the chamber 21 at this time is
The pressure is controlled by a control unit (not shown) of the shield machine 1 so as to maintain a predetermined pressure for maintaining the stability of the face. The chamber 21 is provided with an agitator 21a for stirring muddy water containing excavated earth and sand.
3 and the drainage preliminary pipe 24 is discharged smoothly. Thereby, the excavated earth and sand of the face is included in the muddy water and discharged from the tunnel A as appropriate. In addition, an emergency depressurizing pipe 2 for releasing pressure when the internal pressure becomes too high
4a is provided. Further, a man lock 29 and a bulkhead 2A are provided behind the chamber 21. In the present embodiment, the agitator 21a is
Is provided.

The perfect circle holding device 32 is provided movably in the front-rear direction of the shield machine 1 (shown in FIG. 2). The upper and lower ends 32a of the perfect circle holding device 32 are arranged to be extendable and contractible in the direction toward the inner surface of the tunnel A, respectively. The upper and lower ends 32a of the perfect circle holding device 32 are configured so that the segment M assembled by the erector 30 can be gripped or released. Thereby, the perfect circle holding device 3
2 moves in the front-rear direction, and the upper and lower ends 32a of the perfect circle holding device 32 extend in the direction toward the inner surface of the tunnel pit A, thereby receiving the assembled segment M from the erector 30. Rings are sequentially wrapped at predetermined positions on the inner surface of the pit A (in FIG. 2, solid lines and two-dot chain lines show how the perfect circle holding device 32 moves when lining the segment M). The movable segment assembling scaffold 31 is disposed so as to be movable in the front-rear direction of the shield machine 1 (in FIG. 2, a solid line and a two-dot chain line show how the movable segment assembling scaffold 31 moves).

The shield machine 1 includes a chemical injection pipe 27 for injecting a chemical when excavating a face. Also,
The shield machine 1 includes a muddy water treatment facility (not shown) for separating discharged muddy water into earth and sand, and a regulating tank (not shown) for storing the separated muddy water.

As shown in FIG. 2, the cutter head 20 is provided with a cutter disk 10 (shown in FIG. 1) having a bit and a cutter for excavating a face on a front surface thereof, and is rotatably disposed via a swivel joint 28. Is done. The cutter head 20 rotates by receiving a driving force from a driving motor. As shown in FIG. 1, the cutter disk 10 is provided with an outer ring protection cutter 11 along the outer periphery. Further, the outer ring protection cutter 11 is provided with outer peripheral auxiliary bits 11a at regular intervals. The spokes 12 are fixedly provided on the cutter disk 10 so as to radially extend from the center of the cutter disk 10 in the radial direction. The spokes 13 are fixedly provided between the adjacent spokes 12. Spokes 12 ..., 13 ...
, A large number of preceding cutters 14 are arranged at predetermined intervals. On the left and right of the portion where the leading cutters 14 of the spokes 12, 13 are provided, inner teeth bits 15 are provided.
Are arranged. The outermost teeth bits 16 are provided at the outermost position of the cutter disk 10. The outer peripheral teeth bits 16 are arranged so as to protrude from the outer periphery of the cutter disk 10 (a protruding state is schematically shown in FIG. 3). Further, an ultrasonic wear detection bit 17 and a hydraulic wear detection bit 18 are provided at two of the outermost positions of the spokes 12. An opening is formed between the spokes 12 and 13 and the cutter disk 10, and the excavated earth and sand is guided to the chamber 21 through the opening.

Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the cutter disk 10 is provided with a copy cutter device 19 and a gauge cutter 1A. The copy cutter device 19 includes a copy cutter 19a, and a hydraulic cylinder 19b (shown in FIG. 2) for moving the copy cutter 19a. Also,
The copy cutter 19a is provided so as to be able to protrude and retract with an arbitrary stroke amount from the outer periphery of the cutter disk 10 (a stroke range is shown by a solid line and a two-dot chain line in FIG. 1). The gauge cutter 1A is fixedly provided so as to protrude from the outer periphery of the cutter disk 10. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, two copy cutter devices 19 are provided, and three gauge cutters 1A are provided. With the copy cutter 19a, the gauge cutter 1A, and the outer teeth bits 16, the tunnel pit A is dug larger than the outer circumference of the cutter disk 10, and the shield excavator 1 can easily excavate.

FIG. 1 shows the cutter disk 10.
As shown in FIG.
5 are provided. This face collapse detection device 25 includes a collapse detection jack 2 which is a well-known component of the shield machine 1.
5a (jack). As a result, the components can be shared and the cost can be reduced. The collapse detection jack 25a is driven by a hydraulic cylinder system, and is provided to extend and contract from the outer periphery of the cutter disk 10. The collapse detection jack 25a is provided with the cutter disk 10
It is provided to be able to expand and contract at any rotation angle. Then, the collapse exploration jack 25a is extended in a tunnel
An earth pressure gauge (pressure detecting means, not shown) is provided at a tip abutting on the inner surface of the device. Thereby, when excavating tunnel tunnel A, when the collapse detection jack 25a extends from the outer periphery of the cutter disk 10 and comes into contact with the inner surface of tunnel tunnel A, the earth pressure received from the inner surface of tunnel tunnel A is measured by the earth pressure gauge. You.

The earth pressure applied to the tip of the collapse detection jack 25a, the stroke of the collapse detection jack 25a,
Is taken into an excavable distance estimation unit (not shown) provided in the control unit of the shield machine 1.
Then, based on the earth pressure measured by the earth pressure gauge, the cutter disc 1 is moved from the stroke of the collapse detection jack 25a.
A clearance amount D at which the outer periphery of 0 and the inner surface of the tunnel A are separated is measured. Accordingly, the configuration is basically simple, and an expensive measuring device such as one using ultrasonic waves or sound is not required, which can contribute to cost reduction. In addition, the collapse detection jack 25a can be expanded and contracted at any position, and at any position during the excavation of the shield machine 1,
Extend the collapse detection jack 25a to obtain the clearance amount D
Can be measured. The shield machine 1 of the present embodiment
An output unit (not shown) for outputting these measurement data and a graph in which these measurement data are plotted.
Is provided.

Next, a method of estimating the excavable distance by the shield machine 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the shield machine 1, the muddy water is supplied to the chamber 21 through the water pipe 22.
The cutting face is excavated while rotating the cutter disk 10, and the tunnel pit A (shown in FIG. 3) is excavated while discharging the muddy water containing the excavated earth and sand through the mud exhaust main pipe 23 and the like. On the other hand, the segments M are sequentially wrapped in a ring shape on the inner surface of the tunnel mine A behind the excavation of the shield excavator 1, and the shield jack 26 is extended while taking a reaction force from the covered segments M. Then, the shield machine 1 moves forward.

While the tunnel pit A is being excavated while repeating the above operation, the collapse exploration jack 2 of the face collapse exploration apparatus 25 is occasionally obtained at the timing immediately after the completion of the excavation of one ring.
5a is extended, and the clearance amount D is measured as follows. That is, as shown in FIG. 3, after the excavation of one ring, the collapse detection jack 2 of the face collapse
5a from the outer periphery of the cutter disk 10 to the tunnel shaft A
And the tip of the collapse exploration jack 25a is brought into contact with the inner surface of the tunnel A (FIG. 3 shows the contact state). Here, the direction in which the collapse detection jack 25a extends is preferably the top direction of the tunnel A because the error can be reduced.

In this process, the earth pressure measured by an earth pressure gauge (not shown) of the collapse exploration jack 25a is, for example, as shown in FIG. 4, until the tip of the collapse exploration jack 25a contacts the top end. Does not stabilize and tends to increase (illustrated by region P in FIG. 4). During the time when the tip of the collapse detection jack 25a is in contact with the top end, the collapse detection jack 2
The extension of 5a is regulated at the top end, and the earth pressure rises while the stroke is constant (region Q). When the stroke is further passed after this state, the driving force of the hydraulic cylinder acts to push up the top end of the tunnel A, and the stroke starts to increase while the earth pressure increases (region R). Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4, a flat portion S is formed in the graph of the relationship between the stroke of the collapse exploration jack 25a and the earth pressure, and the stroke amount at the flat portion S is determined by measuring the stroke amount between the outer periphery of the cutter head 20 and the tunnel A. It is measured as the "clearance amount D" at which the top and the inner surface are separated from each other. As described above,
The face collapse detection device 25 measures the clearance amount D from the change in earth pressure and the stroke of the collapse detection jack 25a.

It should be noted that the collapse detection jack 25a of the face collapse detection device 25 may be configured so as not to make any more strokes after reaching the set earth pressure. In this case, in the process until the stroke of the collapse detection jack 25a stops, the maximum value of the stroke amount is changed to the clearance amount D.
Measured as

The measured data is taken into an excavable distance estimation unit provided in the control unit of the shield machine 1 and statistically processed. For example, the clearance amount D measured each time one ring excavation is completed is referred to as the ring NO.
Plot against. Here, the ring NO. Is an amount based on the distance that the shield machine 1 has excavated. And
In the excavable distance estimation unit, the clearance amount D and the ring N
O. Is calculated.

When the outer teeth bits 16 are worn,
Accordingly, the excavated amount is reduced, so that the distance between the inner surface of the tunnel A and the outer periphery of the cutter disk 10 is reduced. Therefore, the stroke of the collapse exploration jack 25a before contacting the inner surface of the tunnel A is reduced, and the measured clearance amount D is reduced. Therefore, the outer teeth bits 16 are worn and the tunnel shaft A
The limit value of the stroke of the collapse exploration jack 25a (that is, the limit value of the wear amount of the outer peripheral teeth bits 16) which hinders the excavation of the rock is previously grasped. Then, using the obtained approximate expression, the ring NO. Is calculated. This ring NO. Is the wear state of the outer peripheral teeth bits 16 at that time, and is an amount based on the distance over which the shield machine 1 can excavate. Then, by using the length of the lining (the length of the shield machine 1 in the digging direction), the ring NO. From this, the excavable distance of the shield excavator 1 is calculated. Note that the data used to calculate the approximate expression is the ring NO. The amount is not limited to this, and any amount may be plotted as long as the amount is based on the distance the shield machine 1 moves forward. As described above, the excavable distance of the shield machine 1 of the present embodiment is estimated.

[Embodiment] A method of estimating the excavable distance of the shield machine 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. FIG.
FIG. 9 shows measurement results based on the method for estimating the excavable distance according to the present embodiment. When the shield machine 1 excavated the tunnel A, the collapse exploration jack 25a was extended in the direction of the top end each time one ring excavation was completed, and the clearance D was measured. FIG. 5 shows the collapse exploration jack stroke (ie, clearance amount D) and ring NO. 5 is a graph plotting the relationship with. As shown in FIG. As the shield excavator 1 excavates, there is some variation in the collapse exploration jack stroke, but at the beginning of the excavation, the center of the variation of the collapse exploration jack stroke was almost constant. Then, it can be seen that after about 600 rings, the collapse exploration jack stroke decreased and the outer teeth bits 16...

In the present embodiment, the following approximation formula (formula (1)) was obtained from the data shown in FIG. 5 by regressing to a linear formula using the least squares method as a statistical process. Ring NO. In the following equation (1) showing the relationship between the distance and the collapse exploration jack stroke, the correlation coefficient R was 0.13353, and a good approximation was obtained. Y = 58.816-0.0078886X (R = 0.13353) Equation (1) (where, X: ring NO., Y: collapse exploration jack stroke (× 10 ^-3 m), R: correlation coefficient Therefore, as described above, the limit value of the collapse exploration jack stroke is grasped in advance, and the ring NO. Can be estimated. The excavable distance of the shield machine 1 can be estimated from the length of the lining segment.

Comparative Example As a comparative example, FIG. 6 shows the wear data of the wear detection bit 17 (ultrasonic type) provided on the cutter disk 10 and the ring NO when excavating the same tunnel A as in the above embodiment. . The relationship is shown below. In FIG.
The vertical axis shows the bit length (× 10 ⁻³ m), and the horizontal axis shows the ring N
O. Is shown. When the shield machine 1 excavated and the wear of the bit progressed, the bit length of the wear detection bit 17 became gradually shorter. The result of the wear detection bit 17 (ultrasonic type) shown in FIG. 6 is based on the shield machine 1 to which the present invention is applied.
The result (shown in FIG. 5) showing the result of estimating the excavable distance according to the above was in good agreement.

According to the shield machine 1 of the embodiment of the present invention described above, the clearance D is measured by the collapse exploration jack 25a of the face collapse exploration device 25 as needed every time one ring is excavated. The clearance amount D and the ring N measured by the distance estimation unit (not shown)
O. By obtaining an approximate expression indicating the relationship with the above, and using this approximate expression, the excavable distance that the shield machine 1 can excavate can be suitably estimated from the worn state of the bit at that time.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. For example, the shield machine 1 of the present embodiment has basically the same configuration as the muddy shield machine 1, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the earth pressure shield machine 1, etc. It is needless to say that the present invention can be applied to the shield machine 1 having the above configuration. Further, in the embodiment, the approximation formula is obtained by the least square method.
The method is not limited to this, and it goes without saying that other methods of the least square method can be applied to the statistical processing method for obtaining the approximate expression. In addition, as a matter of course, it can be appropriately changed without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

[0039]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the clearance is measured at any time as the shield machine is excavated, and the clearance measured by the excavable distance estimating means and the shield machine are measured. An approximate expression indicating the relationship with the excavation distance amount based on the excavated distance is obtained, and by using this approximate expression, the excavable distance that the shield excavator can excavate can be estimated from the wear state of the bit at that time.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the same effects as those of the first aspect can be obtained, and the amount of the clearance is basically measured by extending the jack. (E.g., sound) is not required, which can contribute to cost reduction. In addition, the jack can be extended and the clearance amount can be measured at an arbitrary place during excavation of the shield machine.

According to the third aspect of the invention, the same effects as those of the second aspect can be obtained, and the components can be shared to further contribute to cost reduction.

According to the fourth aspect of the invention, the same effects as those of the first aspect can be obtained.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a view showing a configuration of a cutter disk 10 of a shield machine 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a configuration of a shield machine 1;

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a state in which a collapse detection jack 25a of the shield machine 1 measures a clearance amount D.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the relationship between earth pressure and stroke measured by a collapse detection jack 25a.

FIG. 5 is a measurement result using the shield machine 1 of the present embodiment, which shows the stroke of the collapse detection jack 25a and the ring NO. FIG.

FIG. 6 is a graph showing measurement results obtained by using a wear detection bit. FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Shield excavator 10 Cutter disk 16 Outer peripheral teeth bit 20 Cutter head 25 Face collapse exploration device (exploration means) 25a Collapse exploration jack (jack) A Tunnel pit (drilling hole) D Clearance amount

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page F term (reference) 2D054 AA05 AC04 AC05 AD19 BA04 BA25 CA01 CA03 CA04 DA35 FA02 GA25 GA41 GA63 GA65 GA81 2F069 AA24 AA44 BB01 BB11 CC02 GG01 GG17 HH30 JJ06 JJ10 NN16

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A shield for providing a cutter head having a cutter disk provided with at least a part of bits protruding from an outer periphery on a front portion, and turning the cutter head to excavate the ground to form an excavation hole. Exploration means for measuring a clearance between the inner surface of the excavation hole excavated by the shield machine main body and the outer periphery of the cutter disc; and An excavation distance estimating means for obtaining an approximate expression of a relationship between the excavation distance amount based on the obtained distance and the clearance amount measured by the exploration means, and estimating an excavable distance of the shield excavator body based on the approximate expression, A shield machine comprising: 2. The shield machine according to claim 1, wherein the exploration means includes a jack provided so as to be able to extend and contract in a direction from an outer periphery of the cutter disk toward an inner surface of the excavation hole, and a state in which the jack is extended. Pressure sensing means provided at a tip portion abutting on the inner surface of the borehole to detect pressure received from the inner surface of the borehole, wherein the clearance amount is such that the jack extends toward the inner surface of the borehole. A shield excavator characterized in that the measurement is performed based on the pressure received by the jack tip which is detected by the pressure detecting means in a state where the tip of the jack is in contact with the inner surface of the excavation hole. . 3. The shield machine according to claim 2, wherein the jack is a collapse exploration jack for detecting collapse of an inner surface of the excavation hole. 4. A shield for providing a cutter head provided with a cutter disk provided with at least a part of bits protruding from an outer periphery on a front portion, and turning the cutter head to excavate the ground to form a drill hole. A method for estimating an excavable distance of an excavator, comprising: measuring a clearance amount between an inner surface of the excavation hole excavated and excavated by a shield excavator main body and an outer periphery of the cutter disc; An excavation of a shield excavator characterized by obtaining an approximate expression of a relationship between the excavation distance amount based on a distance excavated by the main body and the clearance amount, and estimating an excavable distance of the shield excavator main body based on the approximate expression. Possible distance estimation method.