JP2002036123A - Whetstone, method of manufacturing the same, and optical shaping apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce clogging occurring in a grindstone portion, reduce the time spent for dressing, or to prevent a whetstone tool or a workpiece from being damaged even when clogged. , And a method of manufacturing the same. Another object of the present invention is to provide a shape creating apparatus that can easily create a complicated shape. SOLUTION: The present invention relates to a grindstone tool used for grinding, which has a grindstone portion 1 having a hollow cylindrical shape and a shank portion 2 for supporting the grindstone portion, and has an inner peripheral surface and an outer periphery of the grindstone portion. The surface had grooves. In another embodiment of the present invention, a light source that emits light of a predetermined wavelength and condenses the light near the surface of the workpiece is provided with a driving member that moves the workpiece. Then, while immersing the shape forming object in a photocurable resin liquid that cures in response to the light of the light source, the light of the light source is emitted to the surface of the shape forming object, and the photocurable resin liquid is cured into a desired shape. Thus, in the optical shaping apparatus for forming a desired shape, the driving member is capable of rotating the object to be shaped.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a grindstone tool for forming a groove or a hole in a workpiece and a method of manufacturing the same.
The present invention also relates to an optical shaping apparatus capable of forming a shape by an easy method in order to obtain such a grindstone tool.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, when forming grooves or holes in highly brittle materials such as ceramics, a tool called a core drill is used.
While rotating the core drill, the material is brought into pressure contact with the material to form grooves and holes. This core drill has an electrodeposition grindstone provided at the tip of a part called a base metal or a shank which is a part to be attached to a processing apparatus. At this time, the cross-sectional shape of the electrodeposition grindstone portion in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the drill has a hollow portion having a substantially donut shape. This core drill grinds a workpiece while supplying water or a grinding fluid to a hollow portion.

[0003]

However, in drilling with a grinding wheel tool such as a core drill, particularly when drilling deep holes, grinding debris easily clogs the grinding wheel.
The progress of processing is significantly reduced. Therefore, in order to eliminate the clogging, it becomes necessary to frequently dress the grindstone portion.

In addition, when the grinding wheel is clogged, the surface of any one of the tip, outer periphery, and inner periphery of the grinding wheel is in an extremely frictional state, and the grinding tool is thickly inserted into the workpiece. Easy to be. In such a state, machining will not progress, or even if it can be done, the degree of wear of the grinding wheel tool will be extremely large and the tool will be damaged, and in the worst case the workpiece will be damaged Will also be.

[0005] Therefore, the present invention reduces the clogging that occurs in the grindstone portion, reduces the time spent for dressing, or the whetstone tool or the workpiece that is less likely to be damaged even if clogged, and the manufacturing thereof. The aim is to provide a method.

On the other hand, in order to reduce clogging, there is a case where a complicated shape is required for the shape of the grindstone. When giving a complicated shape to a concentric whetstone, it is necessary to move a processing blade of a processing machine in a complicated manner to create a complicated shape. However, processing machines with complicated movements are very expensive. Further, in such a processing machine, the processing speed is slow because the movement control of the processing blade is performed with sufficient specifications. Therefore, even if the grindstone is formed by the electroforming method, the original plate is required. For the original plate processing, complicated shape processing is still required.

[0007] It is another object of the present invention to provide a shape creating apparatus that can easily create a complicated shape.

[0008]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention relates to a grinding wheel tool used for grinding, which has a grinding portion having a hollow cylindrical shape and a shank portion for supporting the grinding portion. The grindstone had grooves on the inner and outer peripheral surfaces. By forming the grooves on the inner peripheral surface and the outer peripheral surface in this manner, the processing chips can easily move along the grooves, and the discharge of the processing chips can be improved. Further, at the time of grinding, it is necessary to supply water or a processing liquid to the processing surface, but the supply of water or the processing liquid to the processing portion is also facilitated by forming the groove. In addition, the drainage of water and the working fluid is also improved.

Further, in the present invention, a part of the groove formed on the inner peripheral surface of the grindstone portion and a part of the groove formed on the outer peripheral surface of the grindstone portion penetrate. By penetrating the inner peripheral surface and the outer peripheral surface in this manner, water and grinding fluid can easily flow between the inner peripheral surface side and the outer peripheral surface side, and a good grinding state can be maintained.

Further, in the present invention, at least one of the groove formed on the inner peripheral surface of the grindstone portion and the groove formed on the outer peripheral surface of the grindstone portion has a lead shape. In this way, by forming one of the grooves on the inner and outer peripheral surfaces in a spiral shape and forming a lead shape, the grindstone portion becomes a mesh shape, and a structure in which the inner and outer peripheral surfaces easily penetrate can be obtained. Also,
Even if the tip of the grindstone portion is rubbed by grinding, the contact area of the grindstone portion with the workpiece does not change, so that the grinding state can be stably maintained.

Further, the present invention has a hollow cylindrical shape,
In a method for manufacturing a grinding wheel tool having a grinding wheel portion having a groove formed on the inner peripheral surface and the outer peripheral surface, a light-curing resin that cures in response to light having a predetermined wavelength is used, and the shape of the grinding wheel portion is inverted. A mold step of curing the photocurable resin to obtain an inverted shape mold of the grindstone portion; and, after the mold process, performing a plating treatment on the inverted shape mold with a metal plating solution containing abrasive grains having good grindability. And forming a portion.

By such a manufacturing process, it is possible to easily manufacture a grindstone tool having a grindstone portion having a hollow cylindrical shape and having grooves formed on the inner and outer peripheral surfaces thereof. In another embodiment of the present invention, a light source that emits light of a predetermined wavelength and condenses the light in the vicinity of the surface of the workpiece is provided, and a driving member that moves the workpiece is provided. Irradiating the light of the light source onto the surface of the shape-forming object while immersing the shape-forming object in a light-curing resin liquid that is cured in response to the light of the light source, thereby forming the light-curing resin liquid into a desired shape. In the optical shaping apparatus that forms the desired shape by curing the object, the driving member is capable of rotating the object to be shaped.

By using such an optical shaping apparatus, when a more complicated shape is to be applied to a cylindrical shape, the position on the shape-forming object to be irradiated with light from the light source while rotating the shape-forming object. Can be easily changed, so that modeling can be easily performed on the cylindrical shaped workpiece.

Next, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0015]

Next, a grindstone tool according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the present embodiment, a core drill is illustrated as an example of a grindstone tool, and will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a tip portion of a core drill according to the present embodiment. This core drill comprises a grindstone part 1 and a tool shank 2. FIG. 1 shows the tool shank 2
Is disclosed only at the tip. Since the overall shape of the tool shank 2 is the same as that of a normal shank, description thereof will be omitted.

The grindstone portion 1 has a lead-like groove shape on the inner peripheral side and the outer peripheral side, and the spiral direction of the lead shape is opposite on the inner peripheral side and the outer peripheral side. A plurality of openings are provided on the side surface of the grindstone unit 1. In addition, whetstone part 1
Is formed of a nickel metal layer containing diamond abrasive grains. The tool shank 2 is made of martensitic stainless steel.

Further, this core drill is used for the tool shank 2.
It is formed so that the outer diameter of the grindstone portion 1 is larger than the outer diameter of. This is to prevent the tool shank 2 from contacting the workpiece during machining. When a hole is drilled using this core drill, the inner periphery, the outer periphery, and the end surface of the grindstone portion come into contact with the workpiece, whereby the processing on the workpiece progresses.

The core drill according to the present embodiment has several advantages. One is that an opening is provided on the side surface of the grindstone 1 so as to communicate with the inner peripheral surface and the outer peripheral surface. Usually, when grinding a workpiece using a core drill, a grinding fluid is supplied from inside the core drill. Then, a favorable grinding state can be obtained by the grinding fluid being spread over the entire portion where the core drill contacts the workpiece. In the core drill according to the present embodiment, the opening is provided so that the inner peripheral surface and the outer peripheral surface communicate with each other, so that the grinding fluid supplied inside the core drill also easily spreads outside the core drill. I have. Therefore, a good grinding state can be obtained.

Another difference is that different lead-shaped grooves are formed on the inner peripheral surface and the outer peripheral surface of the grindstone portion. The grooves are formed at substantially equal intervals at substantially the same width. Therefore, the area of the end face of the grindstone portion 1 is always the same even if the core drill is worn. This is shown in FIG. FIG. 2 shows a state of the end face of the grindstone portion 1 of the core drill, and shows a change due to wear of the end face of the grindstone portion 1.

In this core drill, the end face of the grindstone portion 1 most contributes to the hole drilling. Therefore, as the processing time with the core drill elapses, the end face of the grindstone portion 1 is worn, and the grindstone portion 1 is gradually shortened. However, in the core drill according to the present embodiment, even if an opening is provided on the side surface of the grindstone portion 1, the area of the end surface is the same regardless of the presence or absence of wear.

FIG. 2 shows the state of the first end face.
(A). When the core drill is used from this state, the core drill also wears due to friction with the workpiece. Therefore, the tip of the core drill shown in FIG. 1 is somewhat shorter. FIG. 2B shows the shape of the end surface of the grindstone 1 at that time. Since the grindstone portion 1 has a lead-like shape, the position of the end face of the grindstone portion 1 on the outer peripheral side is shifted clockwise, and the position of the end face of the grindstone portion 1 on the inner peripheral side is counterclockwise shifted. The grindstone portion 1 and the grindstone portion 1 on the outer peripheral side are present at positions slightly shifted. However, the area of the end face of the grindstone 1 does not change.

When the core drill further wears, the end face of the grindstone becomes as shown in FIG. 2 (c). The outer peripheral side grindstone 1 is further clockwise, and the inner peripheral side grindstone 1
Shifts further counterclockwise. Also at this time, the area of the end face of the grindstone portion 1 does not change. Then, when further abrasion occurs, the end face shape of the grindstone portion 1 shown in FIG. At this time, as shown in FIG. 2A, the end face has the same shape as before wear of the core drill, and the area of the end face remains unchanged.

Therefore, according to the core drill according to the present embodiment, even when worn, the contact area between the workpiece and the grindstone portion 1 does not change, so that a stable machining state can be obtained.

In this embodiment, since the spiral directions of the lead-like grooves are opposite to each other, the intersection between the inner peripheral groove and the outer peripheral groove becomes an opening, and Has a mesh side. Therefore, the water and the working liquid can easily spread to the outer peripheral surface of the grindstone portion 1.

Next, a method of manufacturing the core drill shown in FIG. 1 will be described. The manufacturing method according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. By the way, the core drill according to the present embodiment is a tool having a very small tool diameter and a diameter of about 1 mm. Therefore, the core drill was manufactured using a stereolithography technique.

According to the photolithography technique, a three-dimensional three-dimensional structure is manufactured by curing an ultraviolet curable resin with a laser beam. Therefore, a shape having a shape inverted from that of the core drill shown in FIG. 1 is manufactured using an ultraviolet curable resin by a stereolithography technique.

FIG. 3 shows a manufacturing process of the core drill having the structure shown in FIG. FIG. 3 shows a cross-sectional shape in each step. First, as shown in FIG. 3A, an acrylic resin 22, which can be dissolved with the same solution when dissolving the ultraviolet curable resin, was fixed to a tool shank 2 formed into a predetermined shape by machining. The acrylic resin 22 is pressed into the hole of the tool shank 2 having a hollow pipe shape. The acrylic resin material 22
Is approximately the same size as the required tool inner diameter.

Next, a conductive film 23 of nickel, silver, gold or the like is formed on the cylindrical surface of the acrylic resin 22 in order to promote the precipitation of the grindstone portion 1. When forming the conductive film 23, it is important to form the film over the entire circumference while rotating as much as possible. Further, it is necessary to form a film so that the formed conductive film 23 and the tool shank 2 are in a conductive state.

The cross-sectional shapes of the tool shank 2 and the acrylic resin 22 obtained in this manner are as shown in FIG. Next, as shown in FIG. 3 (b), an ultraviolet curable resin layer 24 is provided on the acrylic resin 22, and a portion protruding from the tool shank 2 is manufactured so as to be an inverted shape of the grindstone portion 1.

First, the tool shank 2 is fixed to the indexing plate 42 on the horizontal axis of the optical shaping apparatus 40 shown in FIG.
This makes it possible to make an index of about 0.1 ° about the center of the cylindrical shape of the acrylic resin 22.

The outline of the optical shaping apparatus 40 used in the present embodiment has the configuration shown in FIG. FIG.
FIG. 4 is a side view of the optical shaping apparatus when the tank 41 is seen through. This stereolithography apparatus 40 includes an ultraviolet curing resin solution 24a.
Tank 41 for storing the above, the indexing board 42 described above,
It comprises an ultraviolet laser light source 43.

The indexing board 42 is provided in the tank 41. And the indexing board 42 can rotate the fixed tool shank 2 at an arbitrary angle of every 0.1 degree about the central axis.

In this embodiment, the laser beam emitted from the ultraviolet laser light source 43 is focused on the surface of the acrylic resin material 22 fixed to the tool shank 2. Therefore, the ultraviolet curable resin solution 24a is set on the acrylic resin 22. The ultraviolet laser light source 43 has a scanning optical system so that light beams can be scanned in the horizontal direction in FIG. Therefore, the acrylic resin 22 protruding from the tool shank 2 can be cured at an arbitrary position.

When the ultraviolet curing resin 24a is cured on the acrylic resin 22 by using such an optical shaping apparatus 40, the curing is performed as follows. First, as shown in FIG. 4, the tool shank 2 is fixed to the horizontal axis indexing plate 41 such that the tangent of the outer peripheral portion of the grindstone portion 1 obtained at the time of completion is parallel to the liquid surface of the ultraviolet curing resin solution 24a. I do. Then, while controlling the rotation of the indexing plate 42 and controlling the scanning optical system of the ultraviolet laser light source 43, a thickness of 0.05 mm is formed on the portion of the acrylic resin material 22 provided on the tool shank 2 where the groove shape is formed. UV curable resin layer 24
Are stacked until the thickness becomes about 0.4 mm.

As described above, the indexing board 42 is rotatable with respect to the cylindrical shaft of the acrylic resin 22. Therefore, when forming the ultraviolet curable resin layer 24 on the surface of the acrylic resin 22, the acrylic resin 22 is rotated and moved so that the irradiation position of the ultraviolet laser light is located at a portion corresponding to the lead-shaped groove of the grindstone portion 1. In addition, the focusing position of the light beam of the ultraviolet laser light source 43 is changed. In this way, the shape corresponding to the groove portion of the grindstone portion 1 is
Formed on top of 2 with UV curable resin. In this way, in the optical shaping apparatus used by fixing the acrylic resin 22 provided on the tool shank 2 which is the shape forming object to the indexing board 42, it is possible to form the ultraviolet curable resin into a very complicated shape. is there.

The thickness of the ultraviolet curable resin layer 24 formed by one exposure is 0.05 in the embodiment of the present invention.
mm, the UV-curable resin layer 24 having a sufficient thickness cannot be formed by one exposure. For this reason, the position of the side surface of the acrylic resin 22 is kept away from the focusing position without changing the focusing position of the ultraviolet laser light, and the ultraviolet laser light is focused again on the portion corresponding to the groove formed in the grindstone portion 1. Thus, the ultraviolet curable resin layer 24 is newly laminated on the already formed ultraviolet curable resin layer 24.

Finally, it is desirable to provide the ultraviolet curable resin layer 24 entirely outside the required outer diameter of the grindstone portion 1. Further, a cured layer of an ultraviolet curable resin is also formed on a portion of the tool shank 2 where the grindstone is not desired to be formed. In the embodiment of the present invention, the tool shank 2
And the grindstone 1 are made of an ultraviolet curable resin 24 or an acrylic resin
2 so that the ultraviolet curable resin layer 24 is bonded even after the removal.
Is provided with an opening at a part thereof.

By the way, as the ultraviolet curing resin used in this step, an acrylic resin was selected from the viewpoint of workability in the subsequent steps.
However, the present invention is not limited to this, and an epoxy-based material may be used.

After the formation of the ultraviolet curable resin layer 24 in the groove formed in the grindstone portion 1 in this manner, the ultraviolet curable resin 24 and the acrylic resin 22 are subjected to a degreasing step and washing, and then to # 500. The tool shank 2 provided with the ultraviolet curable resin layer 24 and the acrylic resin 22 is immersed in an electroless nickel plating bath containing diamond abrasive grains. Then, an electroformed layer containing diamond abrasive grains is formed in a space provided between the acrylic resin 22 and the ultraviolet curable resin layer 24.

At this time, it is necessary that the plating solution and the diamond abrasive grains reach the space between the ultraviolet curable resin layer 24 and the acrylic resin layer 22 as much as possible. For this purpose, in the present embodiment, nickel is deposited while rotating the tool shank at a speed of several revolutions per minute while the tip of the shape formed of the acrylic resin material 22 is directed slightly upward. In this way, a grinding wheel portion 1 (thickness of a radius component from the inner diameter to the outer diameter of the grinding wheel) of 300 μm was deposited. FIG. 3C shows a cross-sectional shape when the grinding wheel portion 1 is thus deposited.

Finally, the tool shank 2 on which the grinding wheel portion 1 is formed is put into a methylene chloride solution. At this time, the acrylic resin 22 and the ultraviolet curable resin layer 24 can be dissolved by using ultrasonic cleaning together.

The core drill shown in FIG. 1 is completed by removing the acrylic resin 22 and the ultraviolet curable resin layer 24 in this manner. By the way, the core drill in the present invention is not limited to the shape as shown in FIG. For example, for example, a cross-sectional view when cut perpendicularly to the rotation axis of the core drill may have the shape shown in FIG. For example, as shown in FIG. 5A, the cross-sectional shape of the grindstone portion 1 on the outer peripheral side is different from the cross-sectional shape on the inner peripheral side, or FIG.
As shown in (b), the inner or outer circumference of the grindstone portion 1 may be formed in a polygonal shape such as a hexagon, or the cross section of the grindstone portion 1 may be made circular as shown in FIG. 5 (c).

When the shape shown in FIG. 5A or FIG. 5B is formed, the shape of the ultraviolet curable resin layer is formed by inverting the shape of the grindstone 1 by a stereolithography method. , Can be manufactured. In the case of forming a shape as shown in FIG. 5C, a wire coated with abrasive grains may be woven and used.

As described above, by forming the lead-shaped grooves on the inner peripheral surface and the outer peripheral surface, it was possible to extend the processing time of deep hole processing, which has been difficult until now. In particular, since the dress interval is about twice as long as that of the conventional core drill, if deep drilling is performed using a core drill with lead-shaped grooves on the inner and outer peripheral surfaces, The performance is improved. Also, the breakage of the work core was 1/5 that of the case where the conventional core drill was used.
It has decreased below.

Particularly in the case of drilling a small diameter hole, the clogging at the tip of the tool is reduced, so that the life of the tool is reduced by 2 to 2.
It was also confirmed that it was extended about four times. Note that the present invention is not limited to the core drill described above. For example, the shape may be given to a grindstone having a relatively large inner and outer diameter. In the case where the hollow portion has a large diameter, a lead-shaped groove may be formed by electric discharge machining using an electric discharge machine.

Also, by giving such a shape to a metal bond grinding wheel for surface grinding of φ200 to φ300,
It is possible to easily supply the grinding fluid to the processing point.

[0048]

As described above, in a cylindrical grindstone having a hollow portion, the time spent for dressing can be reduced or clogged by forming a lead-like groove on the inner peripheral surface or the outer peripheral surface. However, it is possible to provide a whetstone tool that is less likely to cause damage to the whetstone tool and the workpiece.

Further, the object to be formed is moved so that the photo-curable resin is provided on the object by irradiating the photo-curable resin with light while rotating the object to be formed. Thus, a complicated shape can be easily formed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a core drill according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a change over time of the shape of a grindstone on a plane perpendicular to a rotation axis for a core drill according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the core drill in each step showing a manufacturing step of the core drill in the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram of an optical shaping apparatus for performing an optical shaping method used in the present embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a view showing a vertical cross-sectional shape with respect to a rotation axis of a core drill in a form different from the embodiment of the present invention.

[Description of Signs] 1 ... Whetstone part 2 ... Tool shank 22 ... Acrylic resin 23 ... Conductive film 24 ... Ultraviolet curable resin

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A grinding wheel tool used for grinding, comprising: a grinding wheel portion having a hollow cylindrical shape; and a shank portion for supporting the grinding wheel portion, wherein a groove is formed on an inner peripheral surface and an outer peripheral surface of the grinding stone portion. A grinding stone tool characterized by the following. 2. A part of a groove formed on an inner peripheral surface of the grindstone portion and a part of a groove formed on an outer peripheral surface of the grindstone portion,
The whetstone tool according to claim 1, wherein the tool is penetrated. 3. A groove formed on an inner peripheral surface of the whetstone part,
3. The device according to claim 2, wherein at least one of the grooves formed on the outer peripheral surface of the whetstone has a lead shape.
A whetstone tool as described in. 4. A method of manufacturing a grinding wheel tool having a hollow cylindrical shape and having a grinding wheel portion having grooves formed on an inner peripheral surface and an outer peripheral surface, a light hardened in response to light having a predetermined wavelength. Using a cured resin, curing the photocurable resin so as to have an inverted shape of the shape of the grindstone portion, and a mold step of obtaining an inverted shape mold of the grindstone portion, containing abrasive grains after the mold step. Plating the inverted shape mold with a plating solution to form the grindstone portion. 5. A light source which emits light of a predetermined wavelength and condenses the light near the surface of the object to be formed, and a driving member for moving the object to be formed, While immersing the object in a photo-curing resin liquid that cures in response to the light of the light source, the light of the light source is emitted to the surface of the shape-forming object, and the photo-curing resin liquid is cured to a desired shape. An optical shaping apparatus, wherein the drive member is capable of rotating the object to be formed.