JP2002034362A - Drainage management system for paddy fields - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [PROBLEMS] To provide a drainage management system capable of stably supplying and draining water throughout a paddy field and quickly and surely discharging water from a cultivated area. A cultivation zone (12) of a paddy field (10) is provided with a water supply path (2).
1 and the water supply device 30 is connected to a drain passage 22 through a culvert drain pipe 23.
Connect to

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a drainage management system for paddy fields, and more particularly to a drainage management system for paddy fields that can quickly and reliably supply and discharge water for each cultivation area in paddy fields.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a conventional paddy field, water flowing in a river is guided to a main water supply channel, and water flowing in the main water supply channel is guided to an open water supply channel provided along a side edge of the paddy field. They are supplied to each cultivation area. A water supply port is provided between the water supply channel and the cultivated area, and the water flowing through the water supply path is supplied from each water supply port to each cultivated area.

An open drainage channel is provided on the opposite side of the water supply channel, and a water level setting device is provided at a drainage outlet of the drainage channel facing each cultivation area. The water level setting device is formed so as to maintain the surface water level of each cultivation zone at a constant height by adjusting the height of a weir plate or the like. The downstream side of the drainage channel is connected to the main drainage channel, and excess water and rainwater discharged from the cultivated area to the drainage channel are returned to the river via the main drainage channel.

[0004]

In such paddy fields, when water is discharged from the cultivation area, it is performed by pushing down a weir plate of a water level setting device to the lowest or removing the weir plate. Therefore, the service water is discharged from the water level setting device side, and the discharge from the water supply port side is hardly performed. Therefore, there is a problem that drainage near the water supply port is poor.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a drainage management system capable of stably supplying and draining water throughout a paddy field and discharging drainage of water from a cultivated area quickly and reliably. I have.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above object, a drainage management system for a paddy field according to the present invention comprises a water supply path, a drainage path, and a water supply path extending over each cultivation area of a paddy field divided into a plurality of cultivation areas by ridges. A paddy field drainage management system that supplies irrigation water supplied from a water supply path to a cultivation area and discharges surplus water from the cultivation area to a drainage path. A water supply device connected to the channel is installed, and the water supply device is connected to the drainage channel via a culvert drainage pipe.

The culvert drainage pipe may be directly connected to the drainage channel, or may be connected to the drainage channel via a water lock. The drainage portion of the culvert drainage pipe to the drainage channel is provided with drainage level adjusting means. You can keep it.

A water level adjusting device connected to the drainage path may be installed in the cultivated area to adjust the water level in the cultivated area. May be connected.

[0009]

1 is a schematic plan view showing an example of a paddy field to which a drainage management system according to the present invention is applied, FIG. 2 is a schematic vertical sectional view of the paddy field, and FIG. 3 is an underdrain drain pipe and drainage path. FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view showing another example of the shape of the water supply device, FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view showing another example of the shape of the water supply device, and FIG. FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view showing another example of the shape of the water level adjusting device, and FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view showing another example of the shape of the water level adjusting device.

The inside of the paddy field 10 is divided into a plurality of cultivated areas 12 by ridges 11 extending in the short direction. Each cultivation area 12 is, for example, divided into a rectangular shape having a long side of 100 to 200 m and a short side of about 30 to 100 m, and is generally leveled even if it is gently inclined as a whole. I have.

On the side edge of the paddy field 10, farm roads 13 are provided along the longitudinal direction, and each farm road 13 has a water supply pipe, which is a water pipe for passing water, below the inclined surface. 21 and a drain pipe 22 are buried. The upstream side of the water supply pipe 21 and the drainage pipe 22 is connected to a water line, and the downstream side is connected to a drainage line. The water line and the drainage line may be formed by an open water channel or a pipeline depending on the situation. A water channel for drawing water from a river is connected to the water line, and a water channel for returning discharged water or rainwater to the river is connected to the drain line. Further, the water supply pipe 21 and the drainage pipe 22 serving as a water supply path and a drainage path do not necessarily need to be provided along the agricultural road 13, and may be provided along the ridge 11 as necessary, or provided at other locations. Is also good. Further, these can be formed by an open type water channel.

A water supply device 30 connected to the water supply pipe 21 and a drainage pipe 22
And a water level control device 40 connected to the control unit. Depending on the installation location of the water supply pipe 21 and the drainage pipe 22, the water supply device 30 and the water level adjustment device 40 may be installed adjacent to one side of the cultivation area 12 or integrally formed.

Further, a culvert drainage pipe 23 is buried under the cultivation area 12. This culvert drainage pipe 2
3, the upstream side is connected to the water supply device 30, and the downstream side is connected to the drainage pipe 22 or the water level adjusting device 40. A water lock 24 for opening and closing the 23 flow paths is provided. Further, as shown in FIG.
Instead, in the case of an open drainage channel 22a, a water lock 24 can be provided in the same manner, but without providing the water lock 24, a pipe 25 opened upward in the drainage portion of the culvert drainage pipe 23 is provided. The drainage from the culvert drainage pipe 23 may be adjusted by inserting a pipe 26 serving as a drainage level adjusting means at an appropriate height into the pipe 25. In the case where the water lock 24 and the drainage level adjusting means are provided and the drainage amount can be appropriately adjusted as described above, the water level adjusting device 40 can be omitted. A plurality of culvert drainage pipes 23 can be provided in accordance with the area of the cultivation area 12, but it is sufficient that at least one of them is connected to the water supply device 30.

As shown in the sectional view of FIG. 4, the water supply device 30 is provided with a water supply basin 3 provided on an inclined surface portion on one side of the agricultural road 13.
1, a water supply valve 32 is housed therein. The water supply valve 32 is provided with a valve seat 33 at an upper end opening of a pipe 33P that rises vertically from the water supply pipe 21 and penetrates a bottom plate of the water supply basin 31. , This valve seat 33 to the pipe 3
It is formed so as to be opened and closed by a valve element 34 that moves in the axial direction of 3P. The valve body 34 is attached to a lower end of a valve shaft 34A screwed to a handle 34H rotatably supported on an upper end of a support member 34S, and turns the valve shaft 34A by turning a handle 34H that is an opening / closing operation unit. The valve body 34 is formed so as to move up and down through the valve body. An underdrain connecting portion 35 for connecting to the underdrain drain pipe 23 is provided at a lower side wall or a bottom wall of the water supply basin 31.

The water supply device 30 controls the amount of water flowing into the water supply basin 31 by moving the handle 34H and appropriately adjusting the opening of the valve body 34 to raise the pipe 33P from the water supply pipe 21. can do. Water supply basin 31
The water flowing into the cultivation area 12 is supplied to the cultivation area 12 from a cultivation area water supply / drain opening 31W opened on one side of the water supply basin 31 so as to communicate with the cultivation area 12.

By using such a water supply device 30, the opening degree of the valve body 34 in each water supply device 30 is appropriately adjusted even if the water pressures above and below the water supply pipe 21 are largely different due to the inclination of the paddy field installation portion. Thereby, a necessary and sufficient amount of water can be evenly supplied to each cultivation area 12. In addition, by arranging the pipe 33P vertically with respect to the water supply pipe 21, the air in the water supply pipe 21 can be discharged from the water supply device 30. Thereby, it is possible to eliminate the air pocket generated in the water supply pipe 21 and prevent a shortage of water flow beforehand, and to further prevent the water supply pipe 21 from being damaged due to momentary negative pressure in the water supply pipe 21.

The water supply device 30 includes a water supply valve 3
Since the height of the second valve seat 33 is arranged below the lower edge of the cultivation area water supply / drainage port 31W, the water from the pipe 33P will squirt into the water stored in the water supply basin 31. In addition, the water spouted from the pipe 33P does not directly and vigorously flow into the cultivation area 12. Further, since the valve element 34 moves in the axial direction of the pipe 33P to open and close the valve seat 33 provided at the open end of the pipe 33P, the water jetted from the pipe 33P is received by the valve element 34 to reduce the water force. It can be weakened, and the power of the water flowing into the cultivation area 12 from the cultivation area water supply / drain opening 31W can be further reduced.

In such a water supply device 30,
By setting the distance from the valve seat 33 at the time of full opening of the valve body 34 to 50% or more of the inner diameter of the valve seat, when a large amount of water is needed at the time of scraping or the like, the water supply valve 32 is fully opened. A large amount of water can be supplied to the cultivation area 12.

Further, the cultivation area water supply / drainage port 31W includes:
A sediment inflow prevention weir 36 is provided. This sediment inflow prevention weir 36 is inserted into guide grooves 36a provided on both sides of the cultivation area water supply / drainage port 31W so that the vertical position can be adjusted and detached, and the vertical position of the sediment inflow prevention weir 36 can be adjusted. By removing it, the inflow of earth and sand into the water supply basin 31 can be prevented, or the drainage in the cultivation area 12 can be quickly performed. In addition, the sediment inflow prevention weir 36
May be fixed at the uppermost position without being able to adjust the vertical position.

5, a pipe 37P having a drain port 37 opened upward is connected to the water supply basin 31 of the culvert connection section 35, and the drain port 37 is connected with a plug 37C. By being formed so as to be closable, the soil and sand inflow prevention weir 36 can be pushed down or removed at the time of middle drying or rotation, and the plug 3 can be closed.
By extracting 7C, the water in the cultivation area 12 flowing into the water supply basin 31 from the cultivation area water supply and drain port 31W is discharged from the cultivation area 37 to the culvert drain pipe 23 connected to the culvert connection portion 35 via the pipe 37P. be able to.

Further, the pipe 33P which is connected to the water supply pipe 21 and rises vertically in the drainage basin 31 may be provided with a backflow prevention basin 38 which covers the periphery of the water supply valve 32. The backflow prevention measure 38 is provided with the water supply valve 32.
A sliding portion 38E is provided below the cylindrical body 38T having an inner diameter larger than the outer diameter of the pipe 38P so as to be vertically slidable on the peripheral wall of the pipe 33P via a rubber ring 38R. When the water in the cultivation area 12 is discharged from the water supply device 30a, the backflow prevention measure 38 can easily adjust the outflow amount by pulling up the state so as to cover the periphery of the water supply valve 32. Contamination of the water supply valve 32 can be prevented, and backflow into the pipe 33P can also be prevented.

The water supply device 30a shown in FIG.
Can be formed basically in the same manner as the water supply device 30 shown in FIG. 1, and therefore, the same components will be denoted by the same reference characters and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 6, the water level adjusting device 40 is provided with a culvert drain buried below the cultivation area 12 in a bottomed cylindrical drainage basin 41 having an opening 41 a communicating with the cultivation area 12. Underdrain connection port 41b for connecting pipe 23
And a drainage part 42 connected to the drainage pipe 22 can be used. The drainage part 42 has a height-adjustable water level regulating weir 43 that opens above the drainage basin 41, and a drainage basin 41. And a drain valve 44 that can be opened in the vicinity of the bottom.

The water level regulating weir 43 is a pipe 4 that rises vertically from a horizontal pipe 42P of the drainage part 42.
The upper end of the 3P is formed by a cylindrical body 43T which is vertically movably fitted via a rubber seal packing 43S for obtaining watertightness and sliding resistance. An operation rod 43H for vertically moving the cylindrical body 43T is provided on the cylindrical body 43T so as to extend above the drainage basin 41.

The drain valve 44 is a slide valve in which a plate-shaped valve body is provided between two plate members having through holes corresponding to the pipe 42P of the drain portion 42 so as to be vertically movable. And is formed so that opening and closing operations can be performed by an operation rod 44H connected above the valve body.

The operating rods 43H and 44H may be provided with a scale for displaying the open / closed state of the valve and the height of the weir. In addition, a lid can be mounted on the upper part of the drainage basin 41. Furthermore, the vertical position adjustment structure of the water level adjustment weir 43 can also be arbitrarily selected,
For example, a bellows structure or the like can be adopted.

The water level adjusting device 4 having the above configuration
0 is buried in a vertical state at a side edge of the farm road 13 facing each cultivation area 12, and the surface water level in each cultivation area 12 is controlled by the water level control weir 43 in the water level control device 40 provided in each cultivation area 12. The operation rod 4 provided at the height position on the cylinder 43T
By moving 3H up and down, each cultivation area 12 is set.

As described above, the upper edge of the water level control weir 43 is set to a height corresponding to the water level of the rice field, and the drainage valve 44 is fully closed.
6 with the upper edge slightly higher than the rice field water level
After the water from the water supply pipe 21 flows into the water supply basin 31 of the water supply device 30 by setting the valve body 34 of the cultivation area 12 to an appropriate opening degree, the cultivation area 12
Water is supplied to At this time, by setting the sediment inflow prevention weir 36 slightly higher than the rice field water level, the cultivation area 12
The inside water and earth and sand can be prevented from flowing into the water supply basin 31.

On the other hand, the water level adjusting device 4 on the drain pipe 22 side
At 0, since the upper edge of the cylindrical body 43T of the water level adjusting weir 43 is adjusted to a height corresponding to the rice field water level, the surplus water or rainwater supplied to the cultivation area 12 is discharged from the opening 41a through the drainage basin 4.
After flowing into the pipe 1, the pipe 4
It flows down in the 3P, and is discharged from the drain part 42 to the drain pipe 22.

Therefore, the surface water level in each cultivation area 12 is controlled by the cylinder 4 of the water level control weir 43 provided in the water level control device 40.
It can be automatically adjusted by adjusting 3T to a predetermined height. By appropriately adjusting the opening of the water supply valve 32 of the water supply device 30 installed in the water supply pipe 21, the amount of water for inflow into the cultivation area 12 can be adjusted, and the rice field water level can be kept constant with the minimum necessary amount of water. It can be maintained.

By performing such wastewater management,
Since the supply of water to each cultivation area 12 can be reduced, each cultivation area 12 can be used regardless of the inclination angle of the portion where the paddy field is installed.
Irrigation water can be supplied evenly, and water shortage does not occur in the cultivation zone 12 on the downstream side. Also, since the amount of water that flows into the cultivation area 12 can be reduced, the cultivation area 1
The pesticides, fertilizers, and the like applied in Step 2 are less likely to leak to the outside, and there is no risk of causing environmental destruction.

With this configuration, the amount of water flowing through the water supply pipe 21 can be reduced, so that a small-diameter pipe can be used. It is possible to secure a certain flow rate without giving a large gradient to the surface. In addition, since the work of installing the water supply device 30 and the water level adjustment device 40 in each cultivation zone 12 is light and compact, it can be easily performed. In addition, the water level adjusting device 40 can be manufactured by appropriately combining cylindrical members made of synthetic resin and the like.
Since it is integrated into the inside, the drainage part 42 and the drainage pipe 22 need only be connected directly or via an appropriate joint. In addition, the conventional irrigation pipe requires a pump for pumping the irrigation water, but since the required flow rate can be secured at a shallow water depth, the pump can be completely eliminated, and the irrigation water is supplied at an extremely low pressure. be able to.

When the water is discharged from the cultivation area 12, the water supply valve 3 of the water supply device 30 on the water supply pipe 21 side is used.
2 is closed, and the drainage pipe 2
3, the water stored in the cultivation area 12 is supplied to the water supply device 30 and the water level control device 40 by pushing down the cylinder 43T of the water level control weir 43 in the water level control device 40 or opening the drain valve 44. From the drain pipe 22.

On the other hand, when scraping a paddy field that requires a large amount of water at one time, the cylinder 43T of the water level control device 40 is pulled up to flow into the cultivation area 12 from the water supply pipe 21 through the water supply device 30. Since the water is no longer discharged from the water level adjusting device 40 to the drainage pipe 22 and the entire amount thereof is stored in the cultivation area 12, the predetermined water level can be quickly reached.

When it is not necessary to supply water to some of the cultivated areas 12 due to a loss of water or the like, the water supply valve 32 of the water supply device 30 corresponding to the cultivated area 12 is closed, and the drain valve 44 of the water level control device 40 is fully opened. By keeping the condition, the cultivation area 12
Rainwater or the like in the inside is discharged from the cultivated area 12 to the drain pipe 22 through the drain part 42 of the water level control device 40. at the same time,
Also in the water supply device 30, rainwater and the like can be quickly discharged by pushing down or removing the sediment inflow prevention weir 36 and draining it from the culvert drainage pipe 23 in other states.

As described above, by draining the water from the cultivation area 12 from both the water level adjusting device 40 and the water supply device 30, the drainage on the water supply side, which has conventionally been apt to be poorly drained, can be improved. .

In addition, soil and the like that have entered the drainage basin 41 of the water level control device 40 from the cultivation area 12 or the like when draining water or the like,
By opening the drain valve 44 at the bottom of the basin, water can be discharged from the pipe 42P to the drain pipe 22 together with the water.

In the water supply device 30a shown in FIG.
Sediment or the like that has entered the water supply basin 31 from the second or the like through the cultivation area water supply / drainage port 31W can be discharged from the drainage port 37 together with the water to the culvert drainage pipe 23 by appropriately pulling out the plug 37c of the drainage port 37. it can. At this time, the backflow prevention measure 3
If 8 is raised, the water supply valve 32 will not be contaminated with the earth and sand flowing in along with the water from the cultivation area water supply / drainage port 31W.

Furthermore, if a sediment inflow prevention weir 36 and a backflow prevention measure 38 are provided and their heights are set high, it is possible to prevent soil and the like from entering the water supply measure 31 and the water supply valve 32 during scraping. If it can be prevented and the height of the sediment inflow prevention weir 36 is reduced, water can be effectively drained at the time of middle drying or crop rotation.

Further, as the water level adjusting device, one having a structure shown in FIG. 7 can be used. This water level adjusting device 5
0 is a drainage basin 51 having an open side surface on the side of the cultivation area 12, a vertical drainage vertical pipe 52P connected to a drainage port 52 provided in a bottom plate 51B of the drainage basin 51, and a vertical direction to the drainage port 52. It is formed by a water level adjusting weir 53 composed of a cylindrical body slidably mounted.

The water level regulating weir 53 is vertically movably attached to the drain port 52 via a rubber seal packing 53S for obtaining water tightness and appropriate sliding resistance.
It is formed so that it can be held at an arbitrary height with respect to 1B. A handle 53H is provided above the water level adjusting weir 53, and on both sides of the front opening of the drainage basin 51, a weir plate attaching portion for attaching a weir plate 54 for preventing inflow of earth and sand is provided. .

The water level setting device 50 thus formed is
At the lower end of the drainage vertical pipe 52P connected to the drainage basin 51, a horizontal drainage pipe 55 having a horizontal or downward slope reaching the drainage pipe 22 is provided.
It is installed with P connected via an elbow 55E.

Further, on the outer periphery of the drainage vertical pipe 52P,
A water stop sheet 56 is provided. This waterproof sheet 56
The pipe insertion hole 56a provided at the center of the
It is formed so as to be in close contact with the outer periphery of the 2P, and even when a gap occurs between the drainage vertical pipe 52P and the surrounding earth and sand,
The water is prevented from flowing down along the gap, and the water in the cultivation area 12 is prevented from flowing out.

In such a water level adjusting device 50,
By adjusting the vertical position of the water level adjusting weir 53 and attaching and detaching the weir plate 54, the water level adjusting device 4 shown in FIG.
The same operation as 0 can be obtained.

[0045]

As described above, according to the irrigation drainage management system of the present invention, the supply of irrigation water to the cultivation area, the maintenance of the surface water level, the discharge of the irrigation water from the cultivation area, and the like can be reliably performed by a simple operation. It is possible to efficiently perform drainage management such as maintaining the surface water level of each cultivation zone. Further, since drainage can be performed from the water supply side through the culvert drainage pipe, drainage of the entire cultivated area can be improved.

In addition, since drainage management can be performed to minimize the discharge of the water supplied to each cultivation area as surplus water, pesticides, fertilizers, etc. applied to each cultivation area flow out together with the water. This can reduce the amount of waste, and does not cause the problem of environmental destruction. In addition, by burying the water supply pipe and the drainage pipe on the farm road and the levee, the space such as the cultivation area of the paddy field and the farm road can be greatly expanded, and the farmland can be effectively used. Furthermore, it is possible to cope with the reduction of the number of cultivated areas.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view showing an example of a paddy field to which a wastewater management system of the present invention is applied.

FIG. 2 is a schematic vertical sectional view of a paddy field.

FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of a main part showing another example of a connection state between a culvert drain pipe and a drain path.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an example of a water supply device according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view showing another example of the shape of the water supply device.

FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an example of a shape of a water level adjusting device.

FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view showing another example of the shape of the water level adjusting device.

[Explanation of symbols]

10 ... paddy field, 11 ... ridge, 12 ... cultivation area, 13 ... farm road,
21 ... water supply pipe, 22 ... drainage pipe, 22a ... drainage channel, 23 ... culvert drainage pipe, 24 ... water lock, 25 ... pipe, 26 ... pipe, 30, 30a ... water supply device, 31 ... water supply basin, 31W ... cultivation area water supply and drainage Mouth, 32 ... water supply valve, 3
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 3 ... Valve seat, 33P ... Pipe, 34 ... Valve body, 34A ... Valve shaft, 34H ... Handle, 34S ... Support member, 35 ... Underdrain connection part, 36 ... Sediment inflow prevention weir, 36a ... Guide groove, 3
7 ... drainage outlet, 37C ... stopper, 37P ... pipe, 38 ... backflow prevention measure, 38E ... sliding part, 38R ... rubber ring, 38T
... cylindrical body, 40 ... water level adjusting device, 41 ... drainage basin, 41a ...
Opening, 41b ... Culvert connection, 42 ... Drainage part, 42P ... Pipe, 43 ... Water level control weir, 43H ... Operation rod, 43P
... Pipe, 43S ... Seal packing, 43T ... Cylinder, 4
4: drain valve, 44H: operating rod, 50: water level adjusting device, 51: drain basin, 51B: bottom plate, 52: drain port, 52
P: vertical drainage pipe, 53: water level control weir, 53H: handle, 53
S: seal packing, 54: weir plate, 55E: elbow, 5
5P: horizontal drainage pipe, 56: waterproof sheet, 56a: pipe insertion hole

Continuing from the front page (72) Inventor Hirohide Nakagawa 2 Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd., 2 Kamitobakamichocho-cho, Minami-ku, Kyoto, Kyoto, Japan (72) Inventor Masato Ogawa 5-8 Mitsuya-cho, Nagahama-shi, Shiga Mitsubishi Resin Co., Ltd. Nagahama Plant

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A water supply path and a drainage path are arranged over each cultivation area of a paddy field divided into a plurality of cultivation areas by ridges, and water supplied from the water supply path is supplied to the cultivation area. A drainage management system for a paddy field that discharges excess water to a drainage path, and in each cultivation area of the paddy field, a water supply device connected to the water supply path is installed, and the water supply apparatus is connected via a culvert drain pipe. A drainage management system for paddy fields, wherein the system is connected to the drainage path. 2. The drainage management system for paddy fields according to claim 1, wherein the culvert drainage pipe is connected to the drainage path via a water lock. 3. The drainage management system for a paddy field according to claim 1, wherein the culvert drainage pipe is provided with a drainage level adjusting means in a drainage part to the drainage passage. 4. The drainage management system for a paddy field according to claim 1, wherein a water level control device connected to the drainage path is installed in the cultivation area. 5. The drainage management system for paddy fields according to claim 4, wherein the culvert drainage pipe is connected to the drainage path via the water level adjusting device.