JP2002011644A - Internal grinding machine - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Object] To provide an internal grinding machine that is versatile and that can finish any machined surface of a workpiece with high accuracy. A bed (51) and a headstock (10) arranged on the bed (51) and rotated about a spindle (11) held on the bed (51).
Work holding means 14 and 15 attached to the spindle 11 and detachably holding the workpiece W with respect to the spindle 11, and a grindstone arranged and held on the bed 51 so as to face the headstock 10. In the internal grinding machine 1 provided with a wheel head 70 for rotating the wheel 71 about the axis, an indexing means 20 for indexing the wheel head 70 is provided, and the headstock 10 is rotated horizontally about a vertical axis.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a bed, a headstock provided on the bed and rotated about a spindle held there, and attached to the spindle so as to be detachably attached to the spindle. The present invention relates to an internal grinding machine provided with work holding means for holding a workpiece, and a grindstone table arranged on the bed so as to face the headstock and rotating the held grindstone about an axis.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art An example of the above-mentioned internal grinding machine is shown in FIGS. FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 are a side view and a plan view showing such an internal grinding machine. As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the inner surface grinder 50 is a grinder for grinding the inner surface of the workpiece W, and includes a bed 51 and a bed 5.
1, a headstock 60 disposed on the bed 51, and a grindstone head 70 disposed on the bed 51 so as to face the headstock 60.

[0003] The headstock 60 is provided with a spindle (not shown) rotatably held about a shaft center, and a chuck which is attached to the spindle and detachably holds a workpiece W with respect to the spindle. 61 and a drive motor 62 for rotating the main shaft. The headstock 60 is disposed so as to be horizontally movable in the Z-axis direction on the bed 51 in a state where horizontal rotation about the vertical axis is restricted.

[0004] The grinding wheel head 70 is rotatably supported about an axis and includes a tool spindle 71 for detachably holding a grinding wheel 72 and the like.
It is disposed on a bed 51 so as to be horizontally movable in the axial direction. The tool spindle 71 can move up and down in the Y-axis direction.

Thus, in the internal grinding machine 50 having the above configuration, the workpiece W is held by the chuck 61 and the spindle (not shown) and the tool spindle 71 are rotated.
The workpiece W is ground by appropriately moving the headstock 60 and the grindstone head 70.

[0006]

However, in the above-mentioned internal grinding machine 50, since the headstock 60 cannot rotate around its vertical axis, for example, When grinding a processing surface that intersects with the Z axis that is the movement axis of the table 70, the grinding wheel 72 held by the grinding wheel table 70 is replaced with a shape that matches the angle of the processing surface, or It is necessary to hold the workpiece W using a special jig or the like so that the processing surface is parallel to the Z-axis direction and process the workpiece.

As described above, in the conventional internal grinding machine 50, when grinding a processing surface that intersects with the moving axis of the grinding wheel head 70, the grinding wheel 72 is exchanged, or
Work such as changing the method of holding the workpiece W is required. In such a case, efficient processing cannot always be performed, and there is a problem in its versatility.

Also, one side of the workpiece W and its 180 °
In the case of processing the processing part on the opposite side, the workpiece W is gripped by the chuck 61, and after processing the processing part on the one side, the workpiece W is then inverted. It was necessary to re-grip this by the chuck 61 and process the opposite processing portion. For this reason, there has been a problem that it is not possible to finish the processing accuracy with respect to the coaxiality between the two processing parts with high accuracy.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide an internal grinding machine which is versatile and capable of finishing any machined surface of a workpiece with high accuracy. I do.

[0010]

Means for Solving the Problems and Effects There is provided an invention according to claim 1 of the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problem, in which a bed and a spindle disposed on and held on the bed are rotated about an axis. A headstock, a work holding means attached to the spindle and detachably holding the workpiece with respect to the spindle,
Disposed on the bed so as to face the headstock,
An internal grinding machine provided with a grindstone head for rotating the held grindstone around an axis, wherein indexing means for horizontally rotating the headstock about a vertical axis and indexing the grindstone head is provided.

According to the internal grinding machine of the present invention, the headstock is horizontally rotated around the vertical axis by the indexing means, so that the headstock is indexed such that the headstock is at an appropriate angular position with respect to the grinding wheel head. Can be. Therefore, even when the workpiece has a processing surface that is not parallel to the moving axis of the grinding wheel head, by indexing the headstock at an appropriate angular position with respect to the grinding wheel head, the processing surface is moved by the grinding wheel head. It can be made parallel to the axis, and this makes it possible to grind the machined surface.

As described above, according to the present invention, even if the processing surface of the workpiece is not parallel to the moving axis of the grinding wheel head,
There is no need to replace the grindstone or change the method of holding the workpiece as in the conventional example described above, and it is possible to efficiently process a workpiece having various processing surfaces.

Further, according to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the present invention, the main spindle is held in a state penetrating the headstock, and the work holding means is provided with the main spindle. It is configured to hold a workpiece at each end.

According to this invention, the spindle is held in a state penetrating the headstock, and the work holding means is configured to hold the workpiece at both ends of the spindle, respectively. When the workpiece held on the main spindle on one side is being ground, the workpiece can be held on the opposite main spindle, and after processing the workpiece on one side, the headstock is rotated horizontally. By doing so, it becomes possible to immediately process the workpiece on the opposite side. As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to continuously process a workpiece, and it is possible to dramatically improve processing efficiency.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the present invention, the main shaft is held in a state of penetrating the headstock, and a central portion extends along the axial direction. In addition to having a hole, the work holding means is configured to hold the workpiece inserted into the through hole of the main shaft.

According to the present invention, since the workpiece is held by the workpiece holding means in a state of being inserted into the through hole of the spindle, for example, it is necessary to grind the processing portions on both axial sides of the workpiece. If this is not the case, the two heads can be machined by reversing the headstock. Therefore, there is an effect that the processing portions on both sides in the axial direction can be quickly processed without removing the workpiece from the main spindle.

Further, when grinding the above-mentioned machined parts on both sides in the axial direction of the work piece, simply turning the headstock in reverse,
Since both the processing portions can be processed, the work of reversing and re-grinding the workpiece as in the above-described conventional example is unnecessary, and as a result, the coaxiality between the two processing portions and the like can be reduced. The effect that the processing accuracy can be finished with high precision is obtained.

In the internal grinding machine according to any one of the first to third aspects, the headstock is supported and a vertical axis is provided on the bed as in the invention according to a fourth aspect of the present invention. And a turning drive means for turning the base horizontally about the vertical axis. The axis of the table and the axis of the grinding wheel table can intersect at a predetermined angle. Therefore, the crossing angle between the axis of the headstock and the axis of the grinding wheel head can be adjusted with high accuracy by controlling the turning operation of the base driven by the turning drive means with high accuracy. In addition, by performing high-precision adjustment, it becomes possible to finish, with high accuracy, the angular accuracy and the like of a processing surface set at a fixed angle with respect to the center axis of the workpiece.

[0019]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. 1 and 2
It is the front view and top view which showed the internal grinding machine which concerns on this embodiment, and FIG. 3 is the sectional drawing which expanded and showed the headstock and the indexing means. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the internal grinding machine 1 of the present embodiment is an improvement of the above-described conventional internal grinding machine 50, and the configuration of the headstock 10 is the same as that of the conventional internal grinding machine 50. The configuration of the conventional internal grinding machine 50 is different from that of the conventional internal grinding machine 50 in that the configuration is different from that of the conventional internal grinding machine 50 in that the indexing means 20, the base 53, and the turning drive means 40 are provided. Therefore, the same components as those of the conventional internal grinding machine 50 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

As shown in FIG. 3, the headstock 10 includes a housing 12, a main shaft 11 that is held through the housing 12, and bearings 13a that rotatably support the main shaft 11 in the housing 12. 13b, a drive motor 62 for rotating the main shaft 11, and the like.
The bearings 13a and 13b are constituted by an inner ring, an outer ring and rolling elements.

As shown in FIG.
b, an outer ring spacer 16a and an inner ring spacer 16b, an outer ring spacer 17a, an inner ring spacer 17b and an annular member 18 are provided on the left side in the figure, and an annular member 19 is provided on the right side in the figure. Regulated.

The main shaft 11 has a through hole 11a at the center thereof along the axial direction. On both sides of the main shaft 11 in the axial direction, the workpiece W inserted into the through hole 11a is provided with the main shaft 11a.
A collet chuck 14 and a scroll chuck 15 that are detachably held with respect to are provided.

As shown in FIG. 3, the scroll chuck 15 is fixed to the main shaft 11 and has a through hole 15c at the center.
And a plurality of gripping claws 15b radially protruding from an end face of the chuck body 15a. The chuck body 15a penetrates the chuck body 15a and the main shaft 11, and one end thereof is a collet chuck. 14, the other end of the workpiece W gripped by the collet chuck 14 is gripped by the gripping claws 15b.

Pulleys 30 and 31 fixed to the rear end (left side in the figure) of the main shaft 11 and the drive shaft 62a of the drive motor 62 are wound around the pulleys 30 and 31, respectively. An endless and annular belt 32 is provided, and the drive shaft 62 drives the main shaft 11 through the belt 32.
Is driven, and the main shaft 11 rotates around the axis. 33 is the indexing means 20 and the housing 1
2, a holding member that holds the drive motor 62, and 34 and 35 are cover members.

As shown in FIG. 3, the indexing means 20
Is a support table 21 on which the headstock 10 is mounted and fixed.
And a base 22 provided on the bed 51, a base 22 disposed horizontally movably in the horizontal direction in the drawing, and a base 22 between the support base 21 and the base 22. An annular carbic coupling 23, 23 engaged with the cylinder 24, a cylinder 24 having a rotary shaft 24a disposed substantially at the center of the moving table 22 and extending downward from the lower end;
4, a piston 25 fixed at its upper end to the support base 21, a pinion gear 26 fixed to the rotary shaft 24a, and a rack 27 meshed with the pinion gear.
And a hydraulic cylinder (not shown) for driving the rack 27 in a direction perpendicular to the paper surface.

The cylinder 24 has an inner ring,
The bearing 28 is rotatable with respect to the moving table 22 by being supported by a bearing 28 composed of an outer ring and a rolling element. The bearing 28 is fixed to the outer ring spacer 28a from above and to the cylinder 24 from below. Inner ring spacer 28b and movable platform 2
2 regulates its position. Further, a first pressure oil chamber 25a and a second pressure oil chamber 25b to which pressure oil is appropriately supplied are formed on both sides in the vertical direction of the piston 25.
Incidentally, 29a and 29b indicate seal members.

Thus, the second pressure oil chamber 25 of the indexing means 20
b, the piston 25 is raised, and the grindstone head 10 and the like are raised.
23 is disengaged. Next, the rack 27 is driven by the hydraulic cylinder (not shown), and the headstock 10 is horizontally rotated together with the cylinder 24 and the like via a pinion gear 26 meshing with the rack 27. And the headstock 10
Is rotated to an appropriate angular position (reversed by 180 degrees in this example), the drive of the hydraulic cylinder (not shown) is stopped, and the rotation of the headstock 10 is stopped. While the supply of pressurized oil is stopped, the pressurized oil is supplied to the first pressurized oil chamber 25a, the headstock 10 descends, and the carbic couplings 23, 23 re-engage and the headstock 10
Is fixed. The headstock 10 is inverted by the above operation.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the base 53
Supports the headstock 10 so as to be movable in the Z-axis direction, and with the shaft 54 implanted in the bed 51 as a center,
It is provided so as to be able to turn horizontally. The base 53 is, for example, capable of turning around the axis of the headstock 10 at an arbitrary angle within approximately 30 ° clockwise from the state shown in the drawing.
At the time of turning movement, the guide surfaces 51a, 5 formed in a fan shape
1b.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, the turning drive means 40 includes a ball screw 41 provided along the X-axis direction at the rear end (end in the Z-axis minus direction) of the base 53.
Bearings 42, 42 fixed to the bed 51 and rotatably supporting both ends of the ball screw 41, respectively;
A nut 45 screwed into the ball screw 41, and a pair of guide members 46 fixedly mounted on the nut 45 at fixed intervals;
A cam follower 47 having an upper end fixed to the base 53 and a lower end fitted between the guide members 46, 46.
And a servo motor 43 for rotating the ball screw 41 via a coupling 44. FIG.
5 is a side view in the direction of arrows AA in FIG.
FIG. 5 is a plan view in the direction of arrows BB in FIG. 4.

The servo motor 43 is driven and the ball screw 4
When the nut 1 is rotated, the nut 45 and the guide members 46, 46 fixed to the nut 45 move along the axial direction of the ball screw 41, and when these move, for example, to the X-axis plus side, as shown in FIG. Thus, the cam follower 47 is urged in the same direction, whereby the base 53 and the headstock 10 are turned, and the axis 10a of the headstock 10 is changed to the axis 70 of the grinding wheel head 70.
a at an angle (turning angle) θ. An encoder is attached to the servo motor 43, and the servo motor 43
Is controlled by feedback based on the detection value of the encoder, and the turning angle θ can be controlled in units of 0.0001 degrees.

According to the internal grinding machine 1 of the present embodiment having the above configuration, the workpiece W is held on the spindle 11 by the collet chuck 14 and the scroll chuck 15, and the headstock 10
After moving the wheel head 70 to an appropriate position, the headstock 10
By rotating the main spindle 11 and the grindstone 72 of the grindstone head 70, and then moving the grindstone head 70 in the axial direction, one side of the workpiece W is ground. And the workpiece W
When the grinding on one side is completed, the indexing means 20
Is driven to invert the headstock 10, and then the grindstone
By moving 0 in the axial direction, the other side of the workpiece W is ground.

As described above, in the internal grinding machine 1 of the present embodiment, the workpiece W is inserted and held in the through hole 11a of the main shaft 11,
Since the headstock 10 is horizontally rotated around the vertical axis by the indexing means 20 and indexed, even when grinding both sides of the workpiece W in the axial direction, the work of reversing the workpiece W and re-grip it. Is unnecessary, thereby making it possible to finish the processing accuracy with respect to the coaxiality between the two processing parts with high accuracy.

Further, the headstock 10 is turned around the shaft 54 by the operation of the turning drive means 40, and the headstock 1 is turned.
The axis 10a of zero and the axis 70a of the grindstone head 70 can be crossed at a predetermined turning angle θ, so that the operation of the turning drive means 40 can be controlled with high precision, so that the turning angle θ Can be adjusted with high accuracy, and it becomes possible to finish the angle accuracy and the like of the processing surface set with a fixed angle with respect to the center axis of the workpiece W with high accuracy.

As mentioned above, one embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail, but it is needless to say that a specific aspect of the present invention is not limited to this. For example, in the above-described embodiment, the main shaft 11 is provided at the center with the through-hole 11 extending in the axial direction.
a, but may not be provided with such a through-hole 11a.

Further, the indexing means 20 is configured to invert the headstock 10, but it may be configured to index the headstock 10 at an arbitrary angle. In this way, the headstock 10 can be indexed at an arbitrary angle without providing the turning drive means 40 in particular, and the workpiece W has a processing surface that is not parallel to the axis 70a of the grindstone head 70. However, such a processing surface can be processed with high accuracy.

In the above-described embodiment, one workpiece W is held on the spindle 11.
Alternatively, the workpiece W may be held at each of both ends. In this way, when the workpiece W held on one side of the main shaft 11 is being ground, the workpiece W can be held on the opposite main shaft 11, and the processing on one side can be performed. By rotating the headstock 10 horizontally after processing the workpiece W, the workpiece W on the opposite side can be processed immediately, and the processing efficiency can be greatly improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view showing an internal grinding machine according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view showing an internal grinding machine according to the embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a headstock and an indexing unit of the internal grinding machine according to the embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a side view in the direction of arrows AA in FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is a plan view in the direction of arrows BB in FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a front view showing a conventional internal grinding machine.

FIG. 7 is a plan view showing a conventional internal grinding machine.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Internal grinder 10 Spindle head 11 Spindle 11a Through hole 14 Collet chuck 15 Scroll chuck 20 Indexing means 40 Rotating drive means 51 Bed 53 Base 70 Grinding wheel 71 Tool spindle 72 Grinding wheel W Workpiece

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A bed, a headstock disposed on the bed and rotating about a spindle held by the spindle, and a work attached to the spindle and holding a workpiece detachably attached to the spindle. In an internal grinding machine provided with a holding means and a grindstone table arranged on the bed so as to face the headstock and rotating the held grindstone around an axis, the headstock is horizontally rotated around a vertical axis. An inner surface grinding machine characterized by providing an indexing means for indexing the grinding wheel head. 2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said spindle is held in a state penetrating said headstock, and said work holding means holds workpieces at both ends of said spindle, respectively.
The internal grinding machine according to claim 1, wherein the headstock is configured to be at least reversible with respect to the grinding wheel head. 3. The work piece is held in a state where the main shaft penetrates the head stock, has a through hole in the center portion along the axial direction, and the work holding means is inserted into the through hole of the main shaft. The internal grinding machine according to claim 1, wherein the internal head grinding machine is configured to hold a workpiece, and the headstock is configured to be at least reversible with respect to the grinding wheel head. 4. A base that supports the headstock and is disposed on the bed so as to be capable of horizontal rotation about a vertical axis, and a turning drive unit that horizontally rotates the base about the vertical axis. The internal grinding machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the internal grinding machine is provided.