JP2002099924A - Graphic drawing device - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [PROBLEMS] To eliminate the necessity of selecting a specific icon at the time of a drawing operation, to enable a range to be designated by a free curve, to facilitate learning of a drawing operation, and to improve operability. SOLUTION: A drawn figure is converted into point sequence data and input, a center coordinate of an input coordinate point sequence is calculated, a moving characteristic of the input coordinate point with respect to the center coordinate is extracted, and based on the extracted moving characteristic. (1) for determining an input figure by using a distribution width of coordinates in a direction orthogonal to the moving direction, provided that the moving characteristic is linear in one direction. Alternatively, the input figure is recognized as a circle or a polygon on the condition that the input coordinate point is rotated and moved and the figure is closed.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an improvement in a graphic drawing device (CAD) using a computer, and more particularly to a device capable of drawing a graphic as if writing on paper.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a conventional CAD, a menu indicating a drawing processing function is displayed on a screen or a tablet, and a predetermined icon is selected from the menu to draw a figure. For example, as a drawing operation, a figure is drawn by selecting an icon indicating a basic drawing figure such as a line, a circle, an ellipse, or a polygon using a mouse or an electronic pen and designating a start point, an end point, a center point, and the like. Is done. In the case where a drawn graphic is to be deleted, an icon indicating deletion in the edit menu is selected, and a target graphic is surrounded by a rectangular area and a range is designated to delete the graphic.

[0003]

As described above, the conventional CA
In D, a predetermined icon must be selected from a large number of icons in a menu displayed on a screen or a tablet, and the selection operation is complicated, and a considerable amount of time is required to learn the meaning of the icon. There was a problem of cost. In addition, since such a large number of icons are displayed on the screen or tablet, the drawing area is narrowed, and the drawing operation becomes difficult. Also,
Since the range is specified as a rectangle, the area to be specified may not be accurately specified.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and eliminates the need to select a specific icon during a drawing operation, and allows a range to be designated by a free curve.
An object of the present invention is to facilitate learning of a drawing operation and improve operability.

[0005]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a graphic coordinate input means for converting a drawn graphic into point sequence data and inputting the same, and a center coordinate calculating means for calculating center coordinates of the input coordinate point sequence. And the input coordinate point with respect to the center coordinate (hereinafter, pole)
And a discriminating means for discriminating an input figure based on the extracted polar moving characteristics. According to a second aspect of the present invention, on the condition that the polar moving direction is linear in one direction, the discriminating means determines that the input graphic is a straight line or an arc from a distribution width of coordinates in a direction orthogonal to the moving direction. It is characterized by recognition. The invention according to claim 3 is characterized in that when the distribution width of the coordinates in the direction orthogonal to the moving direction is small, it is identified as a straight line, and when it is large, it is identified as an arc. The invention according to claim 4 is characterized in that the discriminating means recognizes that the input graphic is a circle or a polygon on the condition that the pole rotates and the graphic is closed. According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, the discriminating means calculates a center of gravity of the input graphic, a vector calculating means for calculating a vector of the center of gravity and each coordinate, and a feature point based on a distribution of the magnitude of the calculated vector. It is characterized by comprising feature point extracting means for extracting, and graphic identifying means for identifying whether the extracted feature point is a circle, a triangle, a quadrangle, or a polygon of pentagon or more. The invention according to claim 6 further comprises a drawing processing means for drawing the identified figure, an operation confirmation means for confirming an editing operation on the drawn figure, and a coordinate system provided that the confirmed operation is not redo. And a registration means for registering the distribution of. The invention according to claim 7 further includes a drawing processing unit for performing a drawing process on the identified figure, an operation checking unit for checking an editing operation on the drawn figure, and a vector And a registering means for registering the feature point. The invention according to claim 8, further comprising a range designating means for recognizing that a figure included inside the polygon has been selected when the discriminating means recognizes the range-designated free curve as a polygon. It is characterized by. The invention of claim 9 is characterized in that an area for designating an operation command is provided in the graphic drawing window.

[0006]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a graphic drawing apparatus according to the present invention. The computer 1 for graphic drawing processing stores basic drawing graphic data, data required for drawing processing such as a drawing processing program, etc., and furthermore, a mouse 3 and a keyboard 4 on a screen of the CRT 2 and a tablet (not shown). A processing program for recognizing a figure drawn by an electronic pen is stored. The graphic input to the computer 1 is printed out by the printer 5 as needed.

Next, a process of recognizing a graphic drawn on a CRT screen or a tablet using a mouse or an electronic pen will be described. FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining a straight line determination process. As shown in the figure, the figure to be drawn is sampled at predetermined intervals, converted into a point sequence, and its coordinate data is obtained.
Find the center point (coordinate axis) of the input coordinates. In the illustrated example, the obtained coordinate axis is (x, y), and the input direction of the figure is -x → + x direction as indicated by an arrow. Next, the movement characteristics of the coordinates (hereinafter referred to as poles) of the sampling point with respect to the obtained coordinate axes (x, y) are examined and extracted. For a straight line,
The poles are (−x, y), (−x, −y) → (x, y),
When moving as (x, -y) and drawing in the opposite direction, (x, y), (x, -y) → (-x, y), (-
(x, -y) to move linearly in one direction. The y coordinate of the pole (the coordinate value in the direction orthogonal to the moving direction of the pole) is distributed within a predetermined threshold value. Are satisfied, the computer 1 recognizes that a straight line has been drawn and takes in the data. In addition, even when the straight line is drawn diagonally, only the coordinate axis of the center point of the input coordinates is inclined,
Are the same.

FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining the arc discrimination processing. As in the case of the straight line, sampling is performed at predetermined intervals and converted into a point sequence to acquire the coordinate data, the coordinates of the center point of the input coordinates are obtained, and the movement characteristics of the poles are examined and extracted.
As in the case of FIG. 2, it is assumed that the obtained coordinate axis is (x, y) and the input direction of the figure is −x → + x. In the case of an arc, the poles are (-x, -y) → (-x, y) →
When moving as (x, y) → (x, −y) and drawing in the opposite direction, (x, −y) → (x, y) → (−x,
y) → It moves linearly in one direction as (−x, −y). The y-coordinate of the pole (the coordinate value in the direction orthogonal to the moving direction of the pole) is distributed with a value larger than a predetermined threshold value, and is larger than that of a straight line. Are satisfied, the computer 1 recognizes that the arc has been drawn, and takes in the data. Note that even when the arc is drawn obliquely, the condition is the same, except that the coordinate axis of the center point of the input coordinates is inclined.

FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining a process of determining a circle or a polygon. As in the case of straight lines and arcs, sampling is performed at predetermined intervals and converted to a point sequence to obtain the coordinate data,
The coordinates of the center point of the input coordinates are obtained, and the movement characteristics of the poles are examined and extracted. As in the case of FIGS. 2 and 3, it is assumed that the obtained coordinate axes are (x, y) and the input direction of the figure is clockwise. In the case of a circle or polygon, (x, y) → (x, −y) → (−x, −y) → (−
(x, y) → (x, y), and the characteristic of rotating regardless of the writing start point does not change. The same applies to the case where the input is made in the opposite direction (counterclockwise). The end point of writing goes near the position of the writing start point, and it becomes a nearly closed figure. Are satisfied, the computer 1 recognizes that a circle or a polygon has been drawn, and takes in the data.

Next, a process for determining a circle and a polygon will be described. FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a process of determining a circle. In a figure recognized as a circle or a polygon by the method shown in FIG. 4, as shown in FIG. 5A, a center of gravity of the figure is obtained, and a vector from the center to each sampling point is obtained. Next, as shown in FIG. 5B, the magnitude of each vector is compared and its change characteristic is extracted. If it is a circle, the magnitude variation of each vector is less than a predetermined threshold. When this condition is satisfied, the computer 1 recognizes that the circle has been drawn and takes in the data. FIG.
FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining a process of determining a triangle. In the figure recognized as a circle or a polygon by the method shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 6A, the center of gravity of the figure is obtained, and a vector from the center of gravity to each sampling point is obtained. Then
As shown in FIG. 6B, the magnitude of each vector is compared and its change characteristic is extracted. If it is a triangle, there are three variations in the magnitude of each vector (feature points with large or small amplitude = 3). When this condition is satisfied, the computer 1 recognizes that the triangle has been drawn, and takes in the data. FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a process of determining a square. In a figure recognized as a circle or a polygon by the method shown in FIG. 4, as shown in FIG. 7A, the center of gravity of the figure is obtained, and a vector from the center of gravity to each sampling point is obtained. Next, as shown in FIG. 7 (b), the magnitude of each vector is compared and its change characteristic is extracted. If it is a rectangle, there are four variations in the magnitude of each vector (feature points with large or small amplitude = 4). When this condition is satisfied, the computer 1 recognizes that a quadrangle has been drawn and takes in the data. Pentagons or more polygons are determined in exactly the same way.

Next, the range designation in the drawing process will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 8A, when two circles, three lines, and a triangle are drawn, for example, when all three lines are designated as a range, a rectangular area or three lines Lines must be specified in order. On the other hand, in the present invention, as shown in FIG. 8B, the range is specified by a free curve so as to include the start point and the end point of the three lines. This free curve is recognized as a polygon as shown in FIG. 8C by the discriminating process described with reference to FIGS.
All figures included inside the vertex coordinates of this polygon are recognized as being selected. Therefore, processing such as deletion, copying, and movement can be performed on three lines at a time. In addition,
A range is specified by a free curve so as to include the center point of a circle and to include all vertices of a polygon.

FIG. 9 is a diagram for explaining a method of specifying an operation command. In the present invention, an icon such as an edit menu is not displayed around the screen or the tablet, and a command area 10 is provided on the drawing window as shown in FIG.
When a symbol indicating an operation command as shown in FIG. 9B is drawn in the command area 10, the computer interprets the operation command and executes the processing. For example, when the figure drawn in FIG. 9A is designated by enclosing it with a free curve and a range is designated, and "x" is written in the command area 10, the designated figure is cut, and when ">" is written, the range is designated. When the specified figure is copied and "O" is written, the figure whose range is specified is pasted. Instead of writing a command in the command area, a command may be designated by calling the command area in the scroll area.

Next, the flow of the graphic discrimination processing and registration processing according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG.
0 is a diagram for explaining the flow of processing for determining whether a line / arc or a circle / polygon. When graphic coordinates are input on the CRT screen or tablet (step S1), the center coordinates are calculated (step S2). Next, the polar movement characteristics of the input coordinates are checked (step S3), and it is determined from the polar movement characteristics whether the input graphic is a circle / polygon. In the case of a circle / polygon, FIG.
In the case of a straight line / arc, the processing flow is as shown in FIG.

FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram of a figure discrimination and registration processing flow in the case of a circle / polygon. The position of the center of gravity of the figure is calculated (step S11), and the vector of the position of the center of gravity and each coordinate of the figure are calculated (step S12). Next, feature points are identified (step S13), and a polygon such as a circle, a triangle, a quadrangle, a pentagon or more is determined from the feature points (step S14).
To S17). When a figure is determined, a function for the figure is called to perform drawing processing (step S18). Next, the operation is confirmed by looking at the operation command input to the command area (step S19), and it is determined whether or not the operation is to be started again (step S20). If it is not redo, the feature point is registered (step S21), and if it is redo, the input figure is cleared (step S22). By newly registering the feature points and accumulating the data in this way, it is possible to learn how to write and to eliminate errors in figure recognition.

FIG. 12 is a diagram for explaining the flow of a figure discriminating process in the case of a straight line / arc. The center of gravity of the figure is calculated (step S31), and the pole of the input coordinates with respect to the center of gravity is confirmed (step S32). Next, the distribution of the y coordinate of the pole is determined (step S33), and a straight line or an arc is determined based on the determination result (steps S34 and S35). When it is determined whether the drawing is a straight line or a circular arc, a function for the figure is called to perform drawing processing (step S36). Next, the operation is confirmed by looking at the operation command input to the command area (step S37), and it is determined whether or not the operation is redone (step S38). If it is not redo, the distribution of the y coordinate is registered (step S39), and if it is redo, the input figure is cleared (step S40). By newly registering the y-coordinate distribution and accumulating data, it is possible to learn how to write and to eliminate errors in figure recognition.

[0016]

As described above, according to the present invention, the following effects can be achieved. There is no need to select a figure to be drawn as an operation for drawing a figure. Since the user does not learn the processing command but learns how to draw a figure, the operation can be learned quickly. Range designation such as selection of a figure can be flexibly performed. Easy learning and accumulation of figure recognition.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a graphic drawing apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a straight line determination process.

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a process of determining a circular arc.

FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a discrimination process between a circle and a polygon.

FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a process of determining a circle.

FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a process of determining a triangle.

FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a process of determining a quadrangle.

FIG. 8 is a diagram for describing range designation in drawing processing.

FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating a method of specifying an operation command.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of a processing flow for determining whether a line is a straight line / arc or a circle / polygon.

FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining a figure discrimination and registration processing flow in the case of a circle / polygon.

FIG. 12 is a diagram for explaining a graphic discrimination processing flow in the case of a straight line / arc.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... computer, 2 ... CRT, 3 ... mouse, 4 ... keyboard, 5 ... printer, 10 ... command area.

Claims (9)

[Claims] 1. A figure coordinate input means for converting a drawn figure into point sequence data and inputting the same, a center coordinate calculating means for calculating center coordinates of an input coordinate point sequence, and an input coordinate point (hereinafter, referred to as a center coordinate). A figure drawing apparatus comprising: a pole moving characteristic extracting unit that extracts a moving characteristic of a pole; and a determining unit that determines an input figure based on the extracted polar moving characteristic. 2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the discriminating means determines that the input graphic is based on a distribution width of coordinates in a direction orthogonal to the moving direction, provided that a polar moving direction is linear in one direction. A graphic drawing apparatus characterized by recognizing a straight line or a circular arc. 3. The apparatus according to claim 2, wherein a distribution width of coordinates in a direction perpendicular to the moving direction is identified as a straight line, and a large distribution width is identified as an arc. 4. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said discriminating means recognizes that the input graphic is a circle or a polygon on the condition that the pole is rotated and the graphic is closed. Figure drawing device. 5. The apparatus according to claim 4, wherein said discriminating means calculates a barycentric position of the input figure, a vector calculating means calculates a barycentric position and a vector of each coordinate, and a magnitude of the calculated vector. Characteristic point extracting means for extracting characteristic points from the distribution of, and figure identifying means for identifying whether the extracted characteristic points are a circle, a triangle, a quadrangle, or a pentagon or more polygon. Graphic drawing device. 6. The apparatus according to claim 3, further comprising: a drawing processing unit for performing a drawing process on the identified figure; an operation confirming unit for confirming an editing operation on the drawn figure; and the confirmed operation is not performed again. Registering means for registering a distribution of coordinates on the condition that: 7. The apparatus according to claim 5, further comprising: a drawing processing unit for performing a drawing process on the identified figure; an operation confirming unit for confirming an editing operation on the drawn figure; Registering means for registering a feature point of a vector on the condition that: a graphic drawing device is provided. 8. The device according to claim 4, wherein
Further, when the discriminating means recognizes a range-designated free curve as a polygon, a range designating means for recognizing that a figure contained inside the polygon has been selected. apparatus. 9. The graphic drawing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein an area for designating an operation command is provided in the graphic drawing window.