JP2002088994A - Building with solar cells - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Problem] To provide a building with a solar cell capable of increasing the thermal efficiency of the solar cell by cooling efficiently. SOLUTION: A solar cell panel 10 having a light receiving surface 11 installed at an inclination is provided on a roof surface 2B. The water discharge means 6 for discharging cooling water is provided on the light receiving surface 11 of the solar cell panel 10 installed on the roof surface 2B. Since the water discharging means 6 discharges water along the inclined light receiving surface 11 of the solar cell, the heat accumulated on the upper surface of the solar cell panel 10 is forcibly taken away, the cooling efficiency is increased, and the solar cell Thermal efficiency is improved.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a building having, on a roof surface, a solar cell whose light-receiving surface is inclined.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, solar energy has been known as energy that does not adversely affect the environment and ecosystems. To utilize this solar energy, solar cells have been installed on roofs of houses and the like. I have. 2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, solar cell panels in which solar cells, which are solar cells, are housed in a waterproof structure have been used, and a plurality of such solar cell panels are arranged vertically and horizontally on a roof surface. These solar cell panels are attached and supported on the upper surface of a rail member having a predetermined height. These rail members are mounted on a roof facing.

[0003] In consideration of the thermal efficiency of the solar cell, it is preferable that the temperature of the solar cell installed on the roof is prevented from becoming high. Therefore, conventionally, a gap is formed between the solar cell panel and the roof surface material by an amount corresponding to the height of the rail member, and air flows through the gap to form the solar cell panel. Is cooled (Japanese Patent Laid-Open
11-141080).

[0004]

In the above-mentioned conventional example, the solar cell panel is air-cooled. However, since the solar cell to be cooled receives sunlight, it is difficult to radiate heat. Therefore, a sufficient cooling efficiency cannot be obtained only by radiating heat from the back surface of the solar cell panel. Moreover, since the solar cell panel also functions as a roof material, the solar cell panel may cover substantially the entire roof surface without a gap. In this case, sufficient cooling may not be achieved from this point.

[0005] It is an object of the present invention to provide a building with a solar cell which can increase the thermal efficiency of the solar cell by cooling it efficiently.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Therefore, the present invention aims to achieve the above object by discharging cooling water to a light receiving surface of a solar cell. Specifically, the building with a solar cell of the present invention is a building with a solar cell having a solar cell panel 10 on a roof surface 2B in which a light receiving surface 11 is installed at an angle, with reference to the drawings. A water discharge means 6 for discharging cooling water is provided on the light receiving surface 11.

In the present invention, since water is discharged along the inclined light receiving surface 11 of the solar cell, heat accumulated on the upper surface of the solar cell panel 10 is forcibly taken away, and the cooling efficiency is high. Thus, the thermal efficiency of the solar cell panel 10 is improved.

Here, according to the present invention, the water discharging means 6 comprises:
A configuration arranged along the upper edge of the light receiving surface 11 is preferable. In this configuration, since the water is discharged from the upper edge of the light receiving surface 11, the cooling water spreads over the entire light receiving surface 11, and the cooling efficiency is further improved.

Further, the water discharging means 6 is provided on the light receiving surface 11.
Is preferably arranged in a plurality of rows at a substantially intermediate height position. In this configuration, since the plurality of rows of water discharge means 6 are provided, the cooling unevenness of the solar cell panel 10 is eliminated, and the cooling efficiency can be increased from this point as well.

Further, it is preferable that the solar cell panel 10 is arranged on the inclined roof surface 2B of the building. That is, in the present invention, the sloped roof surface 2B of the gable roof or the ridge roof is used.
A configuration in which a solar cell is disposed in the space is preferred. In this configuration,
Since an instrument for inclining the solar cell panel 10 so that the light receiving surface 11 intersects the sunlight is not required, the mounting structure of the solar cell panel 10 is simplified.

Further, it is preferable that a ridgework 5 is provided at an upper end edge of the inclined roof surface 2B, and the water discharging means 6 is provided inside the ridgework 5. In this configuration,
Since the water discharge means 6 is provided inside the ridge hall 5, the water discharge means 6 is hidden from the outside by the ridge hall 5, and the appearance is improved.

It is preferable that an air cooling air passage 20 'for radiating heat generated from the solar cell panel 10 is formed between the solar cell panel 10 and the roof surface 2B. In this configuration, the solar cell panel 10
Since the back surface of the solar cell panel 10 is air-cooled together with the water cooling, the cooling efficiency of the solar cell panel 10 is further improved, and the thermal efficiency of the solar cell is further improved.

Further, it is preferable that the water discharging means 6 is connected to a water storage tank 8 for collecting and storing water flowing out from the upper surface of the solar cell panel 10 through a communication pipe 9. In this configuration, rainwater or the like stored in the water storage tank 8 can be reused as cooling water, so that resources can be used effectively.

[0014]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A first embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 to 4 show a first embodiment. As shown in FIG. 1, a building body 1 of a building with a solar cell according to the present embodiment has a structure of a first-floor portion 1F and a structure of a second-floor portion 2F. A garage 3 is provided adjacent to the garage. The roof 2 of the building main body 1 is formed with a roof surface 2B that is inclined except for a portion where the upper part of the garage 3 is a skylight 4 covered with glass. A ridge part 5 is formed in the roof ridge portion so as to cover the ridge.

FIG. 2 shows a plane on one side of the roof 2. In FIG. 2, a plurality of solar cell panels 10 constituting a solar cell having a light receiving surface 11 are provided on the inclined roof 2 of the building 1, and a water discharging means 6 for discharging cooling water is provided on the light receiving surface 11. A plurality is provided. One of the plurality of water discharging means 6 is arranged along the upper edge 11A of the light receiving surface 11 of the solar cell panel 10, and the rest is provided in a plurality of rows (FIG. Are arranged in three rows).

At the upper edge of the inclined roof surface 2B, a ridgework 5 is provided. Inside the ridgework 5, the one water discharging means 6 is provided. The water discharging means 6 is provided on the solar cell panel 1.
It is connected via a communication pipe 9 to a water storage tank 8 for collecting and storing the water flowing out from the upper surface of the water tank 0. Water flowing out from the upper surface of the solar cell panel 10 passes through the communication pipe 9 and is collected in the water storage tank 8. A pipe portion 50 communicating with each water discharging means 6 is connected to the water storage tank 8 via a water pump P.

Next, the mounting structure of the solar cell panel 10 will be described with reference to FIGS. Solar panel 10
Has a panel frame 10A, and the panel frame 10A is attached to the support rail 15 by screws 13 or the like via a protrusion formed on the lower surface thereof.
An aluminum joiner 18 is provided between the panel frames 10A adjacent to each other in the wife direction of the building, and a gasket 19 is provided between the panel frame body 10A at the end in the wife direction and the end of the building.

As shown in FIG. 3, the panel frames 10A adjacent to each other in the inclined direction are protruded from the lower end (eave side) of the solar cell panel 10 on the upper side (ridge side). The side edges are covered by covering.
By providing the aluminum joiner 18, the gasket 19, and the like on the adjacent panel frame 10A and by partially overlapping the solar cell panel 10, the solar cell panel 10 has an almost completely waterproof structure. Intrusion of rain or the like into the roof panel 36 is prevented.

As shown in FIG. 3, the support rail 15 has a tip on the eaves side located at a predetermined distance from the eaves 2A, and extends from that position to the horizontal member 25 on the ridge side of the building.
The building is covered with a building role 5 composed of building ventilation hardware 26 and the like. As shown in FIG. 4, the support rail 15 includes a first support rail 15A, a second support rail 15B, and a third support rail 15B.
And three types of support rails 15C. First
The support rail 15A is disposed below two solar cell panels 10 adjacent to each other in the wife direction and straddling the solar cell panels 10, and is continuous from the eaves to the ridge. The second support rail 15B supports one side of the solar cell panel 10 at the end in the wife direction.

The first support rail 15A is provided with support portions 37 for supporting the side portions of the two solar cell panels 10 in the inclined direction.
And a gutter-like portion 38 formed on the lower surface side of the support portion 37.
And a leg 39 having a predetermined height formed below the gutter 38. The gutter-shaped portion 38 is formed integrally with the support portion 37 on the lower surface of the support portion 37, and includes a pair of side plates having a wide upper portion and a narrower lower portion, and a bottom plate connecting lower ends of these side plates. The inner space of the bottom plate is a drainage channel 40. This drainage channel 40 is
Water leakage from the side 7 can be discharged to the outside from the end on the side of the eaves 2A.

The leg portion 39 is integrally formed below and connected to the bottom plate of the gutter-shaped portion 38. The two leg plates 39A are arranged narrower than the width of the bottom plate.
9A and a base plate 39B provided at the lower part of the base plate 9A. Then, the support rail 15A is connected to the roof surface material 36.
Then, the support rail 15A is attached to the roof panel 36 by screwing the screw 41 diagonally downward from above the base plate 39B toward the core material 38 constituting the roof panel 36 together with the roof surface material 36A. It has become.

As shown in FIG. 4, the second support rail 15B has a shape obtained by dividing the first support rail 15A into two parts symmetrically to the left and right, and includes a support part 37 ', a gutter-shaped part 38' and a leg. A portion 39 'is provided. Therefore, the space surrounded by the first and second support rails 15A and 15B, the roof surface material 36, and the solar cell panel 10 is an air cooling air passage 20 'from the eaves side to the ridge side. The air-cooling ventilation path 20 ′ communicates with the ridge building 5, and the solar cell panel 1
The air warmed at 0 is exhausted from the air cooling air passage 20 ′ through the wing role 5.

One end of the third support rail 15C is connected to the skylight 4.
Therefore, the overall length is shorter than the first and second support rails 15A and 15B. The cross-sectional structure of the third support rail 15C is the same as that of the first support rail 15A, except that two leg plates 39A of the leg 39 are provided.
The air passages 2 adjacent to each other with the support rail 15 interposed therebetween
A communication hole (not shown) communicating with 0 'is opened.
The communication hole is a square hole formed in the side surface of the two leg plates 39A, and the size is such that the air in the air passage 20 'can be sufficiently discharged to the adjacent air cooling air passage 20'. ing. And, by this, the third support rail 1
5C, the air cooling air passages 20 'are formed between the air cooling air passages 20', the air cooling air passage 20 'and the third support rail 15C and the first support rail 15A with the third support rail 15C interposed therebetween. A flow of air passing through the communication hole is generated between the air passage 20 ′. The direction of the flow of the air flow in the first and second support rails 15A and 15B is as follows.
In FIG. 3, it is indicated by an arrow F in the support rail 15A.

Next, the detailed structure of the water discharging means 6 will be described with reference to FIG.
A description will be given based on FIG. In FIG. 3, a pipe portion 50 connected to the water discharge means 6 is formed to extend along the pillar 51 to the ridge portion, and is formed to extend to the ceiling between the boundary portions of the roof, thereby forming the ridge part 5. Building ventilation hardware 26
Is bent toward the ceiling surface on the side where the solar cell panel 10 is disposed. This pipe part 50
Is provided with a pipe-shaped water discharge portion 52 constituting the water discharge means 6.

In FIG. 4, on the lower surface side of the water discharge portion 52, the water discharge ports 5 are arranged in a line along the length direction of the water discharge portion 52.
5 are formed. At the other end of the water discharge portion 52, a pipe holding portion 53 having a substantially C-shaped cross section is disposed. The pipe holding portion 53 has a lower end portion 53L fixed to the side surface of the support portion 37 of the rail 15B, and has a sealing holding portion 53T at the upper end portion for holding the other end of the water discharge portion 52 in a sealed manner. . At the time of assembling the water discharging means 6, the other end of the water discharging portion 52 is
It can be attached by pushing it into T.

In the first embodiment, when the temperature of the external environment rises and the temperature of the surface of the solar cell panel 10 reaches a predetermined temperature, the pump P starts. The water stored in the water storage tank 8 is sent through the pipe portion 50, reaches the water discharge portion 52, flows downward from the water discharge port 55, and removes the surface of the solar cell panel 10 arranged on the roof surface 2B. It flows further down the surface while cooling. The water and rainwater flowing downward are collected in the water storage tank 8 by a collecting device (not shown) so that they can be reused.

In conjunction with the cooling of the solar cell panel surface by the cooling water, the cooling of the solar cell panel 10 by the air flow is also performed. An air cooling air passage 20 'for radiating heat generated from the solar cells is formed between the solar cell panel 10 and the roof surface 2B, so that the airflow entering from the eaves 2A passes through the rail 15A. Flows upward through the air cooling air passage 20 ′, and is exhausted to the outside atmosphere via the ridge building 5.

On the other hand, in the third support rail 15C having one end abutting on the skylight 4, the communication hole (not shown) communicating with the adjacent ventilation path 20 'extends to the rail 15A sandwiching the skylight 4 in the horizontal direction. When the vehicle arrives, it travels through the ventilation path 20 'in the rail 15A, reaches the ridge building 5, and is released to the outside atmosphere. Therefore, the cooling by the air is always performed, and by cooling the water, the solar cell panel 10 can be further sufficiently cooled.

According to the above-described first embodiment, the following effects can be obtained. (1) Since the water discharge means 6 is provided on the roof 2 and the cooling water discharged from the water discharge means 6 is caused to flow to the light receiving surface 11 of the solar cell panel 10, the heat accumulated on the upper surface of the solar cell panel 10 is forcibly applied. Solar panel 10
The cooling efficiency is improved, and the thermal efficiency is significantly improved. Moreover, when snow accumulates on the roof surface 2B, the water can be melted and dropped on the girder side by operating the water discharging means 6. (2) Since the water discharging means 6 is arranged along the upper edge 11A of the light receiving surface 11, water is discharged from the upper edge of the light receiving surface 11,
The cooling water is uniformly distributed over the entire light receiving surface 11, and the cooling efficiency is further improved.

(3) The water discharge means 6 are arranged in a plurality of rows at a substantially intermediate height position of the light receiving surface 11, and the plurality of rows of the water discharge means 6 cools the solar cell panel 10 more uniformly. In addition, cooling unevenness is eliminated, and the cooling efficiency can be further improved. (4) Since the solar cell panel 10 is disposed on the inclined roof surface 2B such as the gable roof or the ridge roof of the building, the solar cell panel 10 is inclined so that the light receiving surface 11 intersects the sunlight. Various instruments or parts are not required. Therefore, the mounting structure of the solar cell panel 10 is simplified, and the number of mounting components can be reduced.

(5) Since the water discharge means 6 is provided inside the ridge building 5 arranged on the upper edge of the inclined roof surface 2B,
The water discharging means 6 is hidden from the outside by the ridge building 5, and the appearance is improved. Furthermore, since the flying dust and the like do not accumulate around the water discharge means 6 due to the wind and the like, and the water discharge port 55 of the water discharge means 6 does not become clogged, the water discharge means can function well for a long period of time. (6) In addition, since the air passage 20 ′ for radiating heat generated from the solar cell panel 10 is formed between the solar cell panel 10 and the roof surface 2 </ b> B, water cooling of the solar cell panel 10 is performed. In addition, since the back surface of the solar cell panel 10 is air-cooled, the cooling efficiency of the solar cell panel 10 is further improved, and the thermal efficiency of the solar cell panel 10 is further improved.

(7) Further, since the water discharging means 6 is connected via a communication pipe 9 to a water storage tank 8 for collecting and storing water flowing out from the upper surface of the solar cell panel 10, the water discharging means 6 is stored in the water storage tank 8. Rainwater or the like can be reused as cooling water, so that resources can be used effectively. (8) Since the water discharging means 6 is provided with the pipe-shaped water discharging portion 52 in which a plurality of water discharging ports 55 are formed in a row, the manufacturing cost can be reduced with a simple structure, and water discharging with a wide width can be secured. Therefore, efficient cooling can be performed.

Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In the second embodiment, the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals as those in the first embodiment, and the description thereof will be omitted or simplified. FIG. 5 shows an embodiment in which the flat roof, the ground, and the other installation surface 56 extend in the horizontal direction. On the installation surface 56, a plurality of rails 15 (four in FIG. 5) are arranged extending in a predetermined direction, for example, a north-south direction. These rails 15 are arranged parallel to each other at a predetermined distance from each other.

The rail 15 is a hollow member having a rectangular cross section and is made of steel or other highly synthetic metal, and its surface is subjected to a rust-proof treatment. On these rails 15, a plurality (9 in FIG. 5) of solar cell modules 58 constituting the solar cell panel 10 are provided.
Supported. These solar cell modules 58
A plurality of (three in the figure) are arranged directly in a direction orthogonal to the rails 15, and the adjacent solar cell modules 58 are connected by a joint material 59.

The solar cell module 58 is formed in a triangular cross section, and has a plurality of light receiving surfaces 11 formed on one of three rectangular planes forming an outer surface.
The solar cell modules 58 arranged in this manner are provided with water discharging means 6 for discharging cooling water from the upper edge 11A. The water discharging means 6 includes a pipe portion 50 provided at the outer end of the rail 15, an extension pipe 50A extending vertically from the pipe portion 50, and a water discharge portion 52 extending from the extension pipe 50A. On one side surface of the water discharge portion 52, water discharge ports (not shown) are formed in a line along the length direction of the water discharge portion 52.

In the second embodiment, as in the first embodiment, the water discharging means 6 includes a water tank (not shown) for storing water flowing out of the upper surface of the solar cell panel 10 through the pipe portion 50. It is connected. When the temperature of the external environment rises and the temperature of the surface of the solar cell panel 10 reaches a predetermined temperature, the pump P starts. The water stored in the water storage tank is sent through the pipe portion 50, reaches the water discharge portion 52, flows downward from the water discharge port 55, and cools the surface of the plurality of solar cell panels 10 arranged on the roof surface 2B. While flowing further down the surface. The water and rainwater flowing downward are collected in a water storage tank by a collecting device (not shown) so that the water can be reused (see FIG. 1). Below the solar cell module 58, an air-cooling air passage S about the height of a rail is formed between the solar cell module 58 and the installation surface 56. Therefore, outside air can freely flow through the air passage for air cooling S, and the solar cell can be air-cooled.

Therefore, in the second embodiment, the following effects can be obtained in addition to the effects (1), (2), (6) to (8) of the first embodiment. (9) Since the water discharge means 6 is provided on the solar cell module 58 having a triangular cross section, the optimum angle of the solar cell panel 10 can be formed even when the installation surface 56 is a horizontal roof such as a land roof. The best power generation efficiency can be obtained in combination with the cooling effect of the cooling water.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, but includes the following modifications as long as the object of the present invention can be achieved. For example,
The number of rows of outlets 55 and the number of outlets 55 in one row are
The selection can be made according to the characteristics of the weather temperature at the installation location of the solar cell. Further, the water discharging means 6 is configured to include the pipe-shaped water discharging portion 52 in which the water discharging ports 55 are formed side by side. However, in the present invention, the shape of the water discharging portion 52 is not limited to the pipe shape.

In the above embodiment, the unit-type building body 1
Is a skylight 4, but it is not limited to this.
It may be composed of a roof balcony, a dome, or an inner balcony. In the present invention, the air cooling air passage 2
It is not always necessary to provide 0 '. Further, the water for water discharge may be tap water or medium water (water that is not as dirty as sewage but is not suitable for drinking, for example, water in a bathtub or rainwater). If tap water is used, a water tank 8 for collecting and storing water flowing out from the upper surface of the solar cell panel 10.
In addition, the pump P can be omitted.

[0040]

As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the water discharge means is provided on the roof surface and the cooling water is discharged to the light receiving surface of the solar cell. The heat accumulated on the upper surface of the solar cell can be forcibly removed, the cooling efficiency of the solar cell is improved, and the thermal efficiency is significantly improved.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, in addition to the configuration of the first aspect, the water discharging means is arranged along the upper edge of the light receiving surface. By being discharged, the cooling water is uniformly distributed over the entire light receiving surface, and the cooling efficiency is further improved. According to the third aspect of the present invention, in addition to the configuration of the first or second aspect, the water discharging means is arranged in a plurality of rows at a substantially intermediate height position of the light receiving surface, and the water discharging means is provided in a plurality of rows. With such a configuration, the solar cell is cooled more uniformly, cooling unevenness is eliminated, and the cooling efficiency can be further improved.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the configuration according to any one of the first to third aspects, the solar cells are arranged on an inclined roof surface such as a gable roof or a ridge roof of a building. Since various devices or parts for tilting the solar cell so that the light receiving surface intersects the sunlight become unnecessary, the mounting structure of the solar cell is simplified, and the number of mounting parts is reduced. Can be reduced.

Further, according to the fifth aspect of the present invention,
In addition to the configuration of claim 4, the water discharge means is provided inside the ridgework disposed on the upper edge of the inclined roof surface, so that the water discharge means is hidden from the outside by the ridgework. That is, the appearance is improved. Furthermore, since the flying dust and the like do not accumulate around the water discharge means due to the wind and the like, and the water discharge port of the water discharge means does not become clogged, the water discharge means can function well for a long period of time.

According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, in addition to any one of the first to fifth aspects, there is provided a structure for radiating heat generated from the solar cell between the solar cell and the roof surface. Since the air passage for air cooling is formed, the back surface of the solar cell is air-cooled together with the water cooling of the solar cell, so the cooling efficiency of the solar cell is further improved, and the thermal efficiency of the solar cell is improved. Is more improved. Furthermore, according to the present invention described in claim 7, in addition to the configuration according to any one of claims 1 to 6, the water discharging means includes a water storage tank for collecting and storing water flowing out from the upper surface of the solar cell and a communication pipe. Since it is configured to be connected via the water, rainwater and the like stored in the water storage tank can be reused as cooling water, so that resources can be effectively used.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram partially showing a cross section of a building having a solar cell roof according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of the solar cell roof according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of a ridge portion of the solar cell roof according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a building with a solar cell roof according to the first embodiment in a wife direction.

FIG. 5 is an overall perspective view of a building having a solar cell roof according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Building main body 2 Roof 2B Roof surface 6 Water discharge means 8 Water storage tank 9 Communication pipe 10 Solar cell panel 11 Light receiving surface 11A Upper edge 15 Support rail 20 'Air cooling air passage 26 Building ventilation hardware 58 Solar cell module

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A solar cell-equipped building having, on a roof surface, a solar cell with a light-receiving surface installed at an angle, wherein a water-discharging means for discharging cooling water is provided on the light-receiving surface. Building. 2. The building with a solar cell according to claim 1, wherein the water discharging means is arranged along an upper edge of the light receiving surface. 3. The building with a solar cell according to claim 1, wherein the water discharging means is arranged in a plurality of rows at a substantially intermediate height position of the light receiving surface. 4. The building with a solar cell according to claim 1, wherein the solar cell is arranged on an inclined roof surface of the building. 5. The building with a solar cell according to claim 4, wherein a ridge is provided at an upper edge of the sloped roof surface,
A building with a solar cell, wherein the water discharge means is provided inside the ridge. 6. The air-cooled ventilation for radiating heat generated from the solar cell between the solar cell and the roof surface in the building with a solar cell according to any one of claims 1 to 5. A building with solar cells, characterized by a road formed. 7. The building with a solar cell according to claim 1, wherein the water discharging means is connected to a water storage tank for collecting and storing water flowing out from an upper surface of the solar cell and a communication pipe. A building with solar cells, which is connected.