JP2002068704A - Catalyst heating device for fuel cell reformer - Google Patents
Catalyst heating device for fuel cell reformerInfo
- Publication number
- JP2002068704A JP2002068704A JP2000255315A JP2000255315A JP2002068704A JP 2002068704 A JP2002068704 A JP 2002068704A JP 2000255315 A JP2000255315 A JP 2000255315A JP 2000255315 A JP2000255315 A JP 2000255315A JP 2002068704 A JP2002068704 A JP 2002068704A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- container
- catalyst
- temperature
- reforming catalyst
- heating
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Landscapes
- Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
(57)【要約】
【課題】従来の改質器では、ガスの入口、すなわちガス
濃度が高い部分での反応速度が大きいため、温度低下が
早い。また、負荷変動があった場合、改質触媒の温度制
御が難しい。被改質ガス流量をタイミング良くコントロ
ールしないと、温度が低下したり急激に上昇したりして
水素発生量が不安定になる。また、一旦、温度が上昇す
ると、改質触媒が劣化してしまう問題があった。
【解決手段】改質触媒を保持する容器を電気抵抗の大き
な金属で製作し、容器に通電することにより、容器自体
を発熱させる。かかる構成の燃料電池用リフォーマの触
媒加熱装置では、従来の触媒加熱装置に比べ、短時間で
改質触媒を加熱することができ、温度むらができる場合
にも、容器の加熱を数セクションに区切り、各セクショ
ンで独立して、加熱のための通電量を調節することによ
り解消することができる。
(57) [Summary] In a conventional reformer, a temperature drop is fast because a reaction rate is high at a gas inlet, that is, a portion where a gas concentration is high. Also, when there is a load fluctuation, it is difficult to control the temperature of the reforming catalyst. If the flow rate of the gas to be reformed is not controlled in a timely manner, the temperature decreases or rapidly rises, and the amount of generated hydrogen becomes unstable. Further, once the temperature rises, there is a problem that the reforming catalyst deteriorates. Kind Code: A1 A container holding a reforming catalyst is made of a metal having a large electric resistance, and the container itself is heated by energizing the container. In the reformer catalyst heating device for a fuel cell having such a configuration, the reforming catalyst can be heated in a shorter time than conventional catalyst heating devices, and even when temperature unevenness occurs, the heating of the container is divided into several sections. The problem can be solved by adjusting the amount of electricity for heating independently in each section.
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】燃料電池において、天然ガス
やメタノール等の被改質ガスをより効率的に改質するリ
フォーマの触媒加熱装置に係るものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a reformer catalyst heating apparatus for reforming a reformed gas such as natural gas or methanol more efficiently in a fuel cell.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】燃料電池は、高効率かつ環境への影響が
少ないなど、従来の発電装置にはない特徴を有してお
り、現在世界各国で研究開発されている。特に、天然ガ
スやメタノール等を燃料とする燃料電池発電では、燃料
電池と共に改質反応器（リフォーマ）が用いられる。こ
の改質反応器は、特開平５−２８７２８４号公報記載の
ような方法が知られており、その構造は、図３に示すよ
うに、容器に充填された改質触媒１を外部ヒータ８で加
熱し、容器９を介して改質触媒１に熱供給して、天然ガ
スやメタノール等の被改質ガスを改質するようになって
いる。2. Description of the Related Art Fuel cells have characteristics that are not present in conventional power generation devices, such as high efficiency and little impact on the environment, and are currently being researched and developed around the world. In particular, in fuel cell power generation using natural gas, methanol, or the like as a fuel, a reforming reactor (reformer) is used together with the fuel cell. As this reforming reactor, a method as described in JP-A-5-287284 is known, and the structure thereof is such that the reforming catalyst 1 filled in a container is heated by an external heater 8 as shown in FIG. Heating is performed, and heat is supplied to the reforming catalyst 1 via the container 9 to reform the gas to be reformed such as natural gas or methanol.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】このような改質反応器
では、ガスの入口部は、ガス濃度が高いため、反応速度
が早く、また、吸熱反応のため温度の低下が早い。ガス
出口部はガス濃度が低くなり反応速度が遅く温度の低下
が遅い。これにより、改質反応器内で改質触媒に温度分
布ができる。また、負荷変動があった場合、触媒層の温
度制御が難しく、ガス流量をタイミング良くコントロー
ルしないと、温度が低下したり急激に上昇したりして水
素発生量が不安定になる。また、一旦、温度が上昇する
と、改質触媒が劣化してしまう。In such a reforming reactor, the gas inlet has a high gas concentration, so that the reaction speed is high, and the temperature decreases rapidly due to an endothermic reaction. The gas concentration at the gas outlet is low, the reaction rate is low, and the temperature decreases slowly. Thereby, a temperature distribution is formed in the reforming catalyst in the reforming reactor. In addition, when there is a load change, it is difficult to control the temperature of the catalyst layer, and unless the gas flow rate is controlled in a timely manner, the temperature decreases or rises rapidly, and the amount of generated hydrogen becomes unstable. Further, once the temperature rises, the reforming catalyst deteriorates.
【０００４】[0004]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記課題を解決するた
め、請求項１に記載の発明は、改質触媒を保持する容器
を電気抵抗の大きな金属で製作し、容器に通電すること
により、容器自体を発熱させる。かかる構成の燃料電池
用リフォーマの触媒加熱装置では、従来の触媒加熱装置
に比べ、短時間で改質触媒を加熱することができ、温度
むらができる場合にも、容器の加熱を数セクションに区
切り、各セクションで独立して、加熱のための通電量を
調節することにより解消することができる。According to a first aspect of the present invention, a container for holding a reforming catalyst is made of a metal having a high electric resistance, and the container is energized by supplying a current to the container. Causes itself to generate heat. In the reformer catalyst heating device for a fuel cell having such a configuration, the reforming catalyst can be heated in a shorter time than conventional catalyst heating devices, and even when temperature unevenness occurs, the heating of the container is divided into several sections. The problem can be solved by adjusting the amount of electricity for heating independently in each section.
【０００５】上記課題を解決するため、請求項２に記載
の発明は、容器内部に挿入した魚の骨状に配した加熱板
に通電することにより、加熱板を発熱させる。かかる構
成の燃料電池用リフォーマの触媒加熱装置では、従来の
触媒加熱装置に比べ、短時間で改質触媒を加熱すること
ができ、温度むらができる場合にも、加熱板を分割し、
独立して通電量を調節することにより解消することがで
きる。In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the invention according to claim 2 energizes a heating plate arranged in a shape of a fish bone inserted into a container, thereby causing the heating plate to generate heat. In the catalyst heating device of the fuel cell reformer having such a configuration, the reforming catalyst can be heated in a short time as compared with the conventional catalyst heating device, and even when the temperature is uneven, the heating plate is divided.
The problem can be solved by independently adjusting the amount of current.
【０００６】上記課題を解決するため、請求項３に記載
の発明は、容器内部に挿入した加熱板又は容器を磁性体
で製作しコイルと組み合わせることによって、電磁誘導
により該容器または該加熱板に渦電流を発生させ発熱さ
せる。かかる構成の燃料電池用リフォーマの触媒加熱装
置では、従来の触媒加熱装置に比べ、短時間で改質触媒
を加熱することができ、温度むらができる場合にも、コ
イルを分割して設置し各コイルの通電量を調節して各位
置での磁性体の発熱量を変えることにより温度むらを解
消することができる。また、磁性体で製作することによ
って、従来の外部ヒータで加熱する方法よりも、発熱効
率が高い。In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the invention according to claim 3 is to manufacture a heating plate or a container inserted into a container by using a magnetic material and combining the coil with a coil, and to provide the container or the heating plate with electromagnetic induction. An eddy current is generated to generate heat. In the reformer catalyst heating device for a fuel cell having such a configuration, the reforming catalyst can be heated in a shorter time than a conventional catalyst heating device, and even when temperature unevenness can occur, the coil is divided and installed. By adjusting the amount of current supplied to the coil to change the amount of heat generated by the magnetic body at each position, it is possible to eliminate uneven temperature. In addition, by using a magnetic material, the heat generation efficiency is higher than in the conventional method of heating with an external heater.
【０００７】[0007]
【発明の実施の形態】次に、図面により本発明による実
施の形態を説明する。図１は本発明による実施例の全体
の要部を示す概略説明図である。同図において、改質触
媒１を充填した容器２、および容器内部に挿入した加熱
板５を電気抵抗の大きい材料で製作し、それに通電する
ことにより、リフォーマ起動時に改質触媒１を短時間に
加熱することができる。改質触媒１は、例えばニッケル
系触媒（Ｎｉ／Ａｌ2Ｏ3，Ｎｉ／ＺｒＯ2等）、ロジウ
ム系触媒（Ｒｈ／Ａｌ2Ｏ3，Ｒｈ／ＺｒＯ2等）、ルテ
ニウム系触媒（Ｒｕ／Ａｌ2Ｏ3，Ｒｕ／ＺｒＯ2等）等
が挙げられる。また、加熱板５は、魚の骨状に構成され
ており、伝熱効率を高めている。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Next, an embodiment according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic explanatory view showing a main part of an entire embodiment according to the present invention. In the figure, a container 2 filled with a reforming catalyst 1 and a heating plate 5 inserted in the container are made of a material having a high electric resistance, and electricity is supplied to the heating plate 5. Can be heated. The reforming catalyst 1 includes, for example, a nickel-based catalyst (Ni / Al 2 O 3 , Ni / ZrO 2, etc.), a rhodium-based catalyst (Rh / Al 2 O 3 , Rh / ZrO 2, etc.), a ruthenium-based catalyst (Ru / Al 2 O 3 , Ru / ZrO 2, etc.). Further, the heating plate 5 is formed in the shape of a fish bone, and enhances the heat transfer efficiency.
【０００８】また、容器内部に挿入した加熱板５への通
電量を電流制御器４で調節することにより、リフォーマ
内部の温度分布を、反応に最適なものにすることが可能
である。例えば、天然ガスのスチームリフォーミングの
場合は、主に下記の反応で水素が製造される。 ＣＨ4＋２Ｈ2Ｏ＝ＣＯ2＋４Ｈ2（吸熱） 通電量の調節は、図示しないが各セクションに温度セン
サーを配置して電流制御器５を調節する。Further, by adjusting the amount of current supplied to the heating plate 5 inserted into the container with the current controller 4, the temperature distribution inside the reformer can be optimized for the reaction. For example, in the case of steam reforming of natural gas, hydrogen is mainly produced by the following reaction. CH 4 + 2H 2 O = CO 2 + 4H 2 (Endothermic) The amount of electric current is adjusted by adjusting the current controller 5 by arranging a temperature sensor in each section (not shown).
【０００９】反応容器および加熱板の材料として、カン
タル(Ｃｒ２２〜２５％,Ａｌ ５．０〜５．５％,Ｃｏ
１．５〜３．０％,残りＦｅ)やステンレス(Ｃｒ ２５
％,Ｎｉ ２０％,Ｆｅ ５５％)、鋳鉄(Ｃ ３．５％,Ｓｉ
２．０％,Ｍｎ ０．５％,Ｐ０．３％,Ｆｅ ９３．７
％)などの電気抵抗の大きな鉄基合金が挙げられる。As a material for the reaction vessel and the heating plate, Kanthal (Cr 22 to 25%, Al 5.0 to 5.5%, Co
1.5-3.0%, the remaining Fe) and stainless steel (Cr 25
%, Ni 20%, Fe 55%), cast iron (C 3.5%, Si
2.0%, Mn 0.5%, P 0.3%, Fe 93.7
%) And other iron-based alloys having large electric resistance.
【００１０】次に、本発明による他の実施の形態を説明
する。図２は本発明による他の実施例の全体の要部を示
す概略説明図である。同図において、改質触媒１を充填
した容器２および加熱板５を磁性体で製作する。そし
て、容器外部に設置したコイル７に通電して、高周波磁
界を発生させる。この磁界による電磁誘導によって生じ
る渦電流で容器２および加熱板５が発熱することによ
り、短時間に改質触媒１を加熱することが可能である。
また、コイル７を複数個設置し、その通電量をインバー
タ６で調節して、誘導電流による容器２または加熱板５
の発熱量を各セクションで変えることにより、リフォー
マ内部の温度分布を、反応に最適なものにすることが可
能である。Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 2 is a schematic explanatory view showing the main parts of the whole of another embodiment according to the present invention. In the figure, a container 2 filled with a reforming catalyst 1 and a heating plate 5 are made of a magnetic material. Then, the coil 7 provided outside the container is energized to generate a high-frequency magnetic field. The reforming catalyst 1 can be heated in a short time by generating heat in the container 2 and the heating plate 5 by the eddy current generated by the electromagnetic induction due to the magnetic field.
In addition, a plurality of coils 7 are installed, and the amount of current supplied thereto is adjusted by an inverter 6 so that the container 2 or the heating plate 5
By changing the calorific value of each section, the temperature distribution inside the reformer can be optimized for the reaction.
【００１１】[0011]
【発明の効果】本発明による触媒加熱装置では、反応器
の各セクションの加熱量を調節でき、負荷変動があった
場合にも温度センサーを触媒層の各セクションに入れる
こと等により触媒層の温度制御を細かく調節できる。ま
た、改質触媒までの隔壁がないために改質触媒の加熱が
早く起動性が良く、改質ガスが短時間で生成できる。ま
た、加熱板を磁性体で製作した場合には、従来の加熱方
法による加熱より発熱効率を高くすることができる。According to the catalyst heating apparatus of the present invention, the heating amount of each section of the reactor can be adjusted, and even when there is a load change, the temperature of the catalyst layer can be controlled by inserting a temperature sensor into each section of the catalyst layer. You can fine-tune the controls. Further, since there is no partition wall to the reforming catalyst, the heating of the reforming catalyst is quick and the startability is good, and the reformed gas can be generated in a short time. Further, when the heating plate is made of a magnetic material, the heat generation efficiency can be made higher than the heating by the conventional heating method.
【図１】本発明による実施例の全体の要部を示す概略説
明図である。FIG. 1 is a schematic explanatory view showing a main part of an entire embodiment according to the present invention.
【図２】本発明による他の実施例の全体の要部を示す概
略説明図である。FIG. 2 is a schematic explanatory view showing a main part of an entire other embodiment according to the present invention.
【図３】従来の改質反応器の全体の要部を示す概略説明
図である。FIG. 3 is a schematic explanatory view showing a main part of an entire conventional reforming reactor.
１ 改質触媒 ２ 容器 ３ 絶縁物 ４ 電流制御器 ５ 加熱板 ６ インバータ ７ コイル ８ 外部ヒータ ９ 従来の容器 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Reforming catalyst 2 Container 3 Insulator 4 Current controller 5 Heating plate 6 Inverter 7 Coil 8 External heater 9 Conventional container
Claims (3)
きな金属で製作し、該容器に通電することにより、容器
を発熱させることを特徴とする燃料電池用リフォーマの
触媒加熱装置。1. A catalyst heating device for a reformer for a fuel cell, wherein a container for holding a reforming catalyst is made of a metal having a large electric resistance, and the container is heated by energizing the container.
を、改質触媒を保持する容器内に、魚の骨状に配したこ
とを特徴とする燃料電池用リフォーマの触媒加熱装置。2. A catalyst heating device for a fuel cell reformer, wherein a heating plate made of a metal having a large electric resistance is arranged in a fish bone shape in a container holding a reforming catalyst.
器または該加熱板を磁性体で製作し、コイルと組み合わ
せることによって、電磁誘導により渦電流を発生させる
ことを特徴とする燃料電池用リフォーマの触媒加熱装
置。3. The reformer for a fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the container or the heating plate is made of a magnetic material and combined with a coil to generate an eddy current by electromagnetic induction. Catalyst heating device.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000255315A JP2002068704A (en) | 2000-08-25 | 2000-08-25 | Catalyst heating device for fuel cell reformer |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000255315A JP2002068704A (en) | 2000-08-25 | 2000-08-25 | Catalyst heating device for fuel cell reformer |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2002068704A true JP2002068704A (en) | 2002-03-08 |
Family
ID=18744127
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000255315A Pending JP2002068704A (en) | 2000-08-25 | 2000-08-25 | Catalyst heating device for fuel cell reformer |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2002068704A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007084389A (en) * | 2005-09-22 | 2007-04-05 | Chubu Electric Power Co Inc | Method for modifying fluid organic compounds |
| JP2023548312A (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2023-11-16 | ジーティーアイ エナジー | Electrically heated reforming reactor for reforming methane and other hydrocarbons |
-
2000
- 2000-08-25 JP JP2000255315A patent/JP2002068704A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007084389A (en) * | 2005-09-22 | 2007-04-05 | Chubu Electric Power Co Inc | Method for modifying fluid organic compounds |
| JP2023548312A (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2023-11-16 | ジーティーアイ エナジー | Electrically heated reforming reactor for reforming methane and other hydrocarbons |
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