JP2001518799A - 酵素アッセイ - Google Patents
酵素アッセイInfo
- Publication number
- JP2001518799A JP2001518799A JP54359398A JP54359398A JP2001518799A JP 2001518799 A JP2001518799 A JP 2001518799A JP 54359398 A JP54359398 A JP 54359398A JP 54359398 A JP54359398 A JP 54359398A JP 2001518799 A JP2001518799 A JP 2001518799A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- luciferase
- atp
- cell
- amino acid
- luciferin
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
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- 108060001084 Luciferase Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 133
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- 125000000539 amino acid group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 108091033319 polynucleotide Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 102000040430 polynucleotide Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000002157 polynucleotide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 claims description 69
- IGXWBGJHJZYPQS-SSDOTTSWSA-N D-Luciferin Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H]1CSC(C=2SC3=CC=C(O)C=C3N=2)=N1 IGXWBGJHJZYPQS-SSDOTTSWSA-N 0.000 claims description 33
- CYCGRDQQIOGCKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dehydro-luciferin Natural products OC(=O)C1=CSC(C=2SC3=CC(O)=CC=C3N=2)=N1 CYCGRDQQIOGCKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- BJGNCJDXODQBOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fivefly Luciferin Natural products OC(=O)C1CSC(C=2SC3=CC(O)=CC=C3N=2)=N1 BJGNCJDXODQBOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- DDWFXDSYGUXRAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Luciferin Natural products CCc1c(C)c(CC2NC(=O)C(=C2C=C)C)[nH]c1Cc3[nH]c4C(=C5/NC(CC(=O)O)C(C)C5CC(=O)O)CC(=O)c4c3C DDWFXDSYGUXRAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- 241000254064 Photinus pyralis Species 0.000 claims description 18
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 17
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- VHJLVAABSRFDPM-QWWZWVQMSA-N dithiothreitol Chemical compound SC[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CS VHJLVAABSRFDPM-QWWZWVQMSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000254056 Luciola Species 0.000 claims description 3
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- SEQKRHFRPICQDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-tris(hydroxymethyl)methylglycine Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)[NH2+]CC([O-])=O SEQKRHFRPICQDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- OSJPPGNTCRNQQC-UWTATZPHSA-N 3-phospho-D-glyceric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)COP(O)(O)=O OSJPPGNTCRNQQC-UWTATZPHSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- LXJXRIRHZLFYRP-VKHMYHEASA-N D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate Chemical compound O=C[C@H](O)COP(O)(O)=O LXJXRIRHZLFYRP-VKHMYHEASA-N 0.000 description 1
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000007997 Tricine buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- JLCPHMBAVCMARE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[5-(2-amino-6-oxo-1H-purin-9-yl)-3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[5-(2-amino-6-oxo-1H-purin-9-yl)-3-[[5-(2-amino-6-oxo-1H-purin-9-yl)-3-hydroxyoxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxyoxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(5-methyl-2,4-dioxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxyoxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(5-methyl-2,4-dioxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(4-amino-2-oxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(5-methyl-2,4-dioxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(5-methyl-2,4-dioxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(4-amino-2-oxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(4-amino-2-oxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(4-amino-2-oxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(4-amino-2-oxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methyl [5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-3-yl] hydrogen phosphate Polymers Cc1cn(C2CC(OP(O)(=O)OCC3OC(CC3OP(O)(=O)OCC3OC(CC3O)n3cnc4c3nc(N)[nH]c4=O)n3cnc4c3nc(N)[nH]c4=O)C(COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3CO)n3cnc4c(N)ncnc34)n3ccc(N)nc3=O)n3cnc4c(N)ncnc34)n3ccc(N)nc3=O)n3ccc(N)nc3=O)n3ccc(N)nc3=O)n3cnc4c(N)ncnc34)n3cnc4c(N)ncnc34)n3cc(C)c(=O)[nH]c3=O)n3cc(C)c(=O)[nH]c3=O)n3ccc(N)nc3=O)n3cc(C)c(=O)[nH]c3=O)n3cnc4c3nc(N)[nH]c4=O)n3cnc4c(N)ncnc34)n3cnc4c(N)ncnc34)n3cnc4c(N)ncnc34)n3cnc4c(N)ncnc34)O2)c(=O)[nH]c1=O JLCPHMBAVCMARE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 description 1
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- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- KCFYHBSOLOXZIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dihydrochrysin Natural products COC1=C(O)C(OC)=CC(C2OC3=CC(O)=CC(O)=C3C(=O)C2)=C1 KCFYHBSOLOXZIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-J diphosphate(4-) Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 235000011180 diphosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003480 eluent Substances 0.000 description 1
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- LIYGYAHYXQDGEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N firefly oxyluciferin Natural products Oc1csc(n1)-c1nc2ccc(O)cc2s1 LIYGYAHYXQDGEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 125000003588 lysine group Chemical group [H]N([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(N([H])[H])C(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 210000004962 mammalian cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
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- 238000002703 mutagenesis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000350 mutagenesis Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 231100000219 mutagenic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003505 mutagenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000017074 necrotic cell death Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002858 neurotransmitter agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- BOPGDPNILDQYTO-NNYOXOHSSA-N nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide Chemical compound C1=CCC(C(=O)N)=CN1[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](COP(O)(=O)OP(O)(=O)OC[C@@H]2[C@H]([C@@H](O)[C@@H](O2)N2C3=NC=NC(N)=C3N=C2)O)O1 BOPGDPNILDQYTO-NNYOXOHSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930027945 nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000002773 nucleotide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003729 nucleotide group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 235000020824 obesity Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000010627 oxidative phosphorylation Effects 0.000 description 1
- JJVOROULKOMTKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxidized Photinus luciferin Chemical compound S1C2=CC(O)=CC=C2N=C1C1=NC(=O)CS1 JJVOROULKOMTKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XYJRXVWERLGGKC-UHFFFAOYSA-D pentacalcium;hydroxide;triphosphate Chemical compound [OH-].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O XYJRXVWERLGGKC-UHFFFAOYSA-D 0.000 description 1
- 229920001184 polypeptide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002600 positron emission tomography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 102000004196 processed proteins & peptides Human genes 0.000 description 1
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- 238000000159 protein binding assay Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000020016 psychiatric disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
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- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000011896 sensitive detection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012163 sequencing technique Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037432 silent mutation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000162 sodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001488 sodium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009261 transgenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N9/00—Enzymes; Proenzymes; Compositions thereof; Processes for preparing, activating, inhibiting, separating or purifying enzymes
- C12N9/0004—Oxidoreductases (1.)
- C12N9/0069—Oxidoreductases (1.) acting on single donors with incorporation of molecular oxygen, i.e. oxygenases (1.13)
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Y—ENZYMES
- C12Y113/00—Oxidoreductases acting on single donors with incorporation of molecular oxygen (oxygenases) (1.13)
- C12Y113/12—Oxidoreductases acting on single donors with incorporation of molecular oxygen (oxygenases) (1.13) with incorporation of one atom of oxygen (internal monooxygenases or internal mixed function oxidases)(1.13.12)
- C12Y113/12007—Photinus-luciferin 4-monooxygenase (ATP-hydrolysing) (1.13.12.7), i.e. firefly-luciferase
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K2319/00—Fusion polypeptide
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S435/00—Chemistry: molecular biology and microbiology
- Y10S435/81—Packaged device or kit
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Enzymes And Modification Thereof (AREA)
- Measuring Or Testing Involving Enzymes Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
- Medicines That Contain Protein Lipid Enzymes And Other Medicines (AREA)
- Preparation Of Compounds By Using Micro-Organisms (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (1)
- 【特許請求の範囲】 1.ATPに対するKmが対応の非変異酵素よりも高くなるような変異を有している ことを特徴とする、組換え変異ルシフェラーゼ。 2.Kmが非変異酵素の少なくとも2倍である、請求項1に記載のルシフェラーゼ 。 3.Kmが非変異酵素の少なくとも5倍高い、請求項2に記載のルシフェラーゼ。 4.Kmがほぼ500μm程度である、請求項1に記載のルシフェラーゼ。 5.Kmがほぼ1mM程度である、請求項1に記載のルシフェラーゼ。 6.ATPについてのVmが、対応の野生型の少なくとも5〜100%である、請求項1〜 5のいずれかに記載のルシフェラーゼ。 7.フォティナス・ピラリスの245番目のアミノ酸残基に対応するアミノ酸が、 ATPに対するKmが対応の非変異酵素に関して増加するように、対応の野生型ア ミノ酸残基に関して置換されている、請求項1〜6のいずれかに記載のルシフ ェラーゼ。 8.アミノ酸が、非荷電アミノ酸で置換されている、請求項7に記載のルシフェ ラーゼ。 9.アミノ酸が、Ala、Asn又はGlnで置換されている、請求項8に記載のルシフ ェラーゼ。 10.フォティナス・ピラリスに由来し、245番目のアミノ酸残基が置換されてい る、請求項7〜9のいずれかに記載のルシフェラーゼ。 11.ルシオラ・クルシアタに由来し、247番目のアミノ酸残基が置換されている 、 請求項7〜9のいずれかに記載のルシフェラーゼ。 12.改善された熱安定性、改変された放射光波長の性質のうちの1以上を、対応 の非変異酵素に与えることができる1以上の更なる変異を組み込んでいる、請 求項1〜11のいずれかに記載のルシフェラーゼ。 13.請求項1〜12のいずれかに記載のルシフェラーゼを含む融合タンパク質。 14.請求項1〜12のいずれかに記載のルシフェラーゼをコードする、組換えポリ ヌクレオチド。 15.更に、適切な宿主細胞におけるベクターの複製を許容する複製要素を含んで いる、請求項14に記載のポリヌクレオチドを含む複製ベクター。 16.更に、適切な宿主細胞におけるポリヌクレオチドの発現を許容するプロモー ター要素を含んでいる、請求項14に記載のポリヌクレオチドを含む発現ベクタ ー。 17.プロモーター要素が組織又は臓器特異的である、請求項16に記載のベクター 。 18.請求項15〜17のいずれかに記載のベクターを含む宿主細胞。 19.請求項15〜17のいずれかに記載のベクターで形質転換した宿主細胞。 20.更に、ATPに対する低Kmを有する第二のルシフェラーゼを発現する、請求項 19に記載の宿主細胞。 21.第二のルシフェラーゼが、(a)組換え非変異ルシフェラーゼ及び(b)ル シフェラーゼのATPに対するKmが、対応の非変異酵素よりも減少するような変 異を有する組換え変異ルシフェラーゼの中から選ばれる、請求項20に記載の宿 主細胞。 22.請求項19〜21のいずれかに記載の宿主細胞を培養する工程を含むことを特徴 とする、ルシフェラーゼの製造方法。 23.請求項19〜21のいずれかに記載の宿主細胞からなる又は含む宿主生物。 24.材料中のATP量のアッセイのための、請求項1〜12のいずれかに記載の組換 えルシフェラーゼの使用であって、ATP濃度が300μm〜6mMにあることが予想 されることを特徴とする使用。 25.請求項1〜12のいずれかに記載の組換えルシフェラーゼを使用する工程を含 むことを特徴とする、材料中のATP量のアッセイ方法。 26.(a)ルシフェラーゼを材料及びルシフェリンと接触させる工程、 (b)ルシフェラーゼにより放射された光の強度を測定する工程、及び、 (c)工程(b)における測定値と材料中のATP量とを相関させる工程、 を含む請求項25に記載の方法。 27.工程(b)における測定値を対照値と比較する、請求項26に記載の方法。 28.工程(b)における測定をリアルタイムで行う、請求項26に記載の方法。 29.測定する材料がシナプスの一部を形成する、請求項25〜28のいずれかに記載 の方法。 30.材料が細胞であり、ルシフェラーゼを細胞へ導入する、請求項25〜28のいず れかに記載の方法。 31.細胞を請求項15〜17のいずれかに記載のベクターで形質転換することにより 、ルシフェラーゼを細胞に導入する、請求項30に記載の方法。 32.直接注射によりルシフェリンを細胞へ導入する、請求項30又は31に記載の方 法。 33.細胞が動物細胞であり、細胞を成分とする動物にルシフェリン又はその前駆 体を摂取させることによりルシフェリンを細胞へ導入する、請求項30又は31に 記載の方法。 34.細胞が植物細胞であり、細胞を成分とする植物にルシフェリン又はその前駆 体を適用することによりルシフェリンを細胞へ導入する、請求項30又は31に記 載の方法。 35.請求項1〜12のいずれかに記載のルシフェラーゼを含み、更に(a)緩衝液 又は緩衝液調製用の乾燥材料、(b)標準溶液調製に適した2以上の測定され たATP部分、(c)ルシフェリン、(d)ジチオスレイトール及び(e)ATPア ッセイ実施用の説明書の1以上を含むことを特徴とする試験キット。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB9707486.8 | 1997-04-11 | ||
| GBGB9707486.8A GB9707486D0 (en) | 1997-04-11 | 1997-04-11 | Enzyme assays |
| PCT/GB1998/001026 WO1998046729A2 (en) | 1997-04-11 | 1998-04-07 | Enzyme assay for mutant firefly luciferase |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2001518799A true JP2001518799A (ja) | 2001-10-16 |
| JP4302777B2 JP4302777B2 (ja) | 2009-07-29 |
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| JP54359398A Expired - Lifetime JP4302777B2 (ja) | 1997-04-11 | 1998-04-07 | 酵素アッセイ |
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|---|---|
| US (1) | US6265177B1 (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP0973874B1 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP4302777B2 (ja) |
| AT (1) | ATE233810T1 (ja) |
| AU (1) | AU731408B2 (ja) |
| CA (1) | CA2283287C (ja) |
| DE (1) | DE69811876T2 (ja) |
| DK (1) | DK0973874T3 (ja) |
| ES (1) | ES2194309T3 (ja) |
| GB (1) | GB9707486D0 (ja) |
| NZ (1) | NZ337373A (ja) |
| PT (1) | PT973874E (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO1998046729A2 (ja) |
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| JP2015223107A (ja) * | 2014-05-27 | 2015-12-14 | オリンパス株式会社 | プロモーターアッセイ |
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| WO2024158050A1 (ja) | 2023-01-27 | 2024-08-02 | キッコーマン株式会社 | ルシフェラーゼ変異体 |
| EP4656723A1 (en) | 2023-01-27 | 2025-12-03 | Kikkoman Corporation | Luciferase variant |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ATE233810T1 (de) | 2003-03-15 |
| WO1998046729A3 (en) | 1999-01-28 |
| CA2283287A1 (en) | 1998-10-22 |
| CA2283287C (en) | 2009-12-08 |
| DE69811876D1 (de) | 2003-04-10 |
| PT973874E (pt) | 2003-07-31 |
| US6265177B1 (en) | 2001-07-24 |
| NZ337373A (en) | 2001-04-27 |
| JP4302777B2 (ja) | 2009-07-29 |
| GB9707486D0 (en) | 1997-05-28 |
| DE69811876T2 (de) | 2003-12-04 |
| WO1998046729A2 (en) | 1998-10-22 |
| DK0973874T3 (da) | 2003-05-19 |
| EP0973874B1 (en) | 2003-03-05 |
| AU731408B2 (en) | 2001-03-29 |
| ES2194309T3 (es) | 2003-11-16 |
| EP0973874A2 (en) | 2000-01-26 |
| AU6929398A (en) | 1998-11-11 |
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