JP2001315009A - Machine Tools - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Problem] To provide a machine tool capable of easily and firmly and automatically attaching and detaching a long and heavy tool to and from a tool post. The apparatus includes a tool holder, a tool post, and tool holder transfer means for transferring the tool holder.
A tool holder holding means 12 is attached to the tool rest 11. The tool holder holding means 12 is composed of a collet 16 and two clamping means 13 having a reference surface 15a. The tool holder 10 is gripped by the receiving surface 26 closely contacting each reference surface 15a and the collet 16. A gripped portion 27 is provided. In addition, tool holder transfer means 2
0 denotes a storage position for storing the tool holder 10 and the tool post 11
The tool holder 10 is configured to be transferred to and from a mounting position where the tool holder is mounted.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a machine tool comprising a tool holder for holding a tool and a tool rest on which the tool holder is mounted, wherein the tool holder is provided detachably with respect to the tool rest. Related to machine tools.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art An example of the above-mentioned machine tool is shown in FIGS.
Shown in FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a tool rest of such a machine tool, and FIG. 5 is a side view seen from the direction of arrow B in FIG. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the tool rest 51 is provided with a tapered receiving portion 51d, and a tool holder (not shown) of a general size used in normal machining is used as the receiving portion. It is designed to be mounted and fixed to 51d. In the case of a long and heavy tool 52 used for special processing such as boring of a deep hole, the fixing method using the receiving portion 51d cannot stably fix and hold the same. Therefore, as shown in the drawing, the tool 52 is mounted on a mounting position 51e provided separately from the receiving portion 51d.

As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the tool holder 50 has a housing shape, one surface of which is a contact surface 50a which comes into contact with the tool rest 51, and the contact surface 50a has ,
A cylindrical boss 50b is formed at the center, and a positioning pin 50c is protruded at an end. The tool post 5
1 has a fitting hole 51a fitted to the boss 50b and a fitting hole 51b fitted to the positioning pin 50c.

Thus, the tool holder 50 has its boss 5
0b and the positioning pin 50c are fitted into the fitting holes 51a and 51b of the tool rest 51, respectively, thereby positioning the tool rest 51. The tool holder 50 positioned on the tool rest 51 is fixed to the tool rest 51 by bolts 53.
It is attached to and fixed. The attachment of the tool holder 50 to the tool rest 51 is performed manually.

As described above, according to the machine tool, the tool holder 50 is positioned on the tool post 51 by inserting the boss 50b and the positioning pin 50c into the fitting holes 51a and 51b of the tool post 51, respectively. Therefore, the tool holder 50 and the tool post 51 are accurately positioned, and the tool holder 50 is fixed to the tool post 51 by the bolt 53, so that the tool holder 50 on which the long and heavy tool 52 is mounted is used. Even if there is, firmly this tool post 51
Can be fixed.

[0006]

However, such a machine tool has the above advantages, but has the boss 50.
b and the positioning pin 50c are fitted into the fitting holes 51a and 51b of the tool post 51, respectively.
Since the tool holder 50 is configured to be positioned on the tool rest 51, when the tool holder 50 is mounted on the tool rest 51, the boss 50b, the positioning pin 50c, and the fitting holes 51a, 51b are accurately aligned. Positioning must be performed, and it is extremely difficult to finely position the heavy tool holder 50 by manual operation. Therefore, there is a problem that the mounting operation requires a long time.

In order to solve such a problem, a boss 50 is used.
It is conceivable that the fitting state of the tool 52 itself is reduced by loosening the fitting state so that the fitting pins 51c and the fitting holes 51a and 51b can easily fit into the fitting holes 51a and 51b. Since the tool holder 50 and the tool rest 51 are displaced from each other due to the cutting force and the cutting resistance, the processing accuracy is reduced, and this results in an undesirable result.

In the case of a tool having the above-mentioned general size, the tool can be automatically attached and detached by a known automatic tool changing device.
2, the boss 50b and the positioning pin 50c
It is necessary to perform a complicated operation such as fitting into the fitting holes 51a and 51b and fixing with the bolts 53, respectively, so that it is difficult to automatically attach and detach the tool holder 50 using an automatic exchange device. There were also problems.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and enables a long and heavy tool to be easily and firmly attached to a tool post. An object of the present invention is to provide a machine tool that can be attached and detached.

[0010]

Means for Solving the Problems and Effects There is provided a tool holder for holding a tool, a tool rest on which the tool holder is mounted, and a tool holder for holding the tool. A tool holder attached to a tool post and having tool holder holding means for holding the tool holder, wherein the tool holder holding means has an opening at a central portion, and has a grip portion inside, and the opening portion The tool holder has a tapered receiving surface that can be in close contact with the reference surface, and a projection that projects from the center of the receiving surface. And a plurality of gripping mechanisms including a gripping part gripped by the gripping part are formed corresponding to each of the clamp mechanisms, and the gripping part enters the inside from the opening. hand,
The tool holder is configured to be held by the tool holder holding means in a state where the receiving surface is in close contact with the reference surface and the gripped portion is gripped by the grip portion. .

According to the machine tool of the present invention, since the reference surface and the receiving surface are formed in a tapered shape, when the tool holder is mounted on the tool rest, the receiving surface and the reference surface are accurately aligned. Even if the positioning is not performed, after the tool holder is aligned with the tool post to the extent that the gripped portion can be inserted into the opening of the clamp mechanism, the tool holder is simply brought into contact with the tool post. The receiving surface and the reference surface are easily brought into close contact with each other, so that the tool holder and the tool rest can be accurately positioned without any work. As described above, according to the present invention, when the tool holder is mounted on the tool post, fine positioning as in the above-described conventional example is unnecessary, and therefore, such mounting can be performed quickly and accurately. The effect is obtained.

[0012] Further, since the tool holder is fixed to the tool rest by grasping the grasped part of the tool holder by the grasping part of the clamp mechanism, the tool holder is fixed to the tool rest by bolts. As in the conventional example provided as described above, it is possible to obtain an effect that the tool holder can be easily fixed to the tool post without taking time and effort to fix the tool holder to the tool post. With this configuration, the tool holder can be automatically attached to and detached from the tool post.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, the clamp mechanism opens the opening when the gripped portion enters the inside, and opens the opening when the gripped portion is outside. When the tool holder is detached from the clamp mechanism, chips or the like enter the inside of the clamp mechanism when the tool holder is detached from the clamp mechanism. It is possible to prevent the occurrence of poor grip at the portion.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, the tool is moved between a storage position where the tool holder is stored and a mounting position held by tool holder holding means attached to the tool post. The provision of the tool holder transfer means for transferring the holder provides an effect that the tool holder can be quickly mounted on the tool post without manual intervention.

In the present invention, the "tool post" means:
This is a broad concept including a tool spindle for tool fixing provided on a lathe, and a tool spindle for tool rotation provided in a turning center or the like.

[0016]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a headstock and a tool rest of the machine tool according to the present embodiment in which turning and milling can be performed, and FIGS. 2 and 3 are arrows A in FIG. It is a side view of a direction. As shown in these drawings, the machine tool of the present embodiment includes a tool holder 10 holding a long and heavy tool T, a tool rest 11 on which the tool holder 10 is mounted, and a tool rest 11 attached to the tool rest 11. Tool holder holding means 12, a headstock 30 for holding a workpiece (not shown), and a tool holder 10
And a tool holder transfer means 40 for transferring the tool holder.

The tool holder holding means 12 is a tool post 1
1 comprises a clamp mechanism 13 disposed at two places. The clamp mechanism 13 has a through hole at the center, and
1 and a collet (gripping portion) inserted into a through hole of the positioning member 15 and provided with a top end protruding from the tool rest 11. ) 16 and the positioning member 1
A piston 17 having a rod portion engaged with the collet 16 below the cylinder member 5 and a lid 21 having a through hole at the center and fixed to an upper end of the positioning member 15; And a sealing member 22 for sealing the opening of the lid 21.

The positioning member 15 has a tapered reference surface 15a formed on the outer periphery of the protruding portion. A chamber 18 and a second hydraulic chamber 19 are formed. The piston 17 is formed with a through hole 17 a penetrating vertically through the piston 17 and communicating with the second hydraulic chamber 19, and a rod 23 inserted into the through hole 17 a is attached to the sealing member 22. Connected.

On the other hand, the tool holder 10 is provided with a receiving member 25 and a gripped member 27 corresponding to each of the positioning members 15, and the receiving member 25 can be in close contact with each of the reference surfaces 15a. A tapered receiving surface 26 is formed. Further, the gripped member 27 is connected to the receiving surface 26.
It protrudes from the center of the area.

As shown in FIG. 1, the tool holder transfer means 40 includes a guide member 41 provided along the axial direction of the headstock 30 and a movable member movably provided along the guide member 41. A member 42, a holding member 43 fixed to the movable member 42, and an actuator (not shown) for moving the movable member 42 along the guide member 41
And so on.

As shown in FIG. 3, the holding member 43 is made of a U-shaped member.
Is provided with a fixed claw 43a and a movable claw 43b advancing and retreating in the Y-axis direction by an appropriate actuator in a state in which they face each other. 10
Can be held.

Thus, the tool holder transfer means 40
According to the above, the holding member 43 holding the tool holder 10 is moved along the guide member 41 by the operation of the fixed claw 43a and the movable claw 43b, and is moved to the storage position C and the mounting position D.
It can be moved back and forth between.

According to the machine tool of the present embodiment having the above configuration, the tool holder 10 is attached to and detached from the tool post 11 as follows. Note that the tool rest 10 is provided on the tool rest 11.
Is not mounted, and the holding member 43 is attached to the tool holder 1.
It is assumed that it is located at the storage position C while holding 0.

First, the tool rest 11 is driven in the X-axis and Z-axis directions, and moves to a position shown by a two-dot chain line in FIG. 1, that is, a position where the tool holder 10 can be mounted. Next, the holding member 43 of the tool holder transferring means 40 is driven along the guide member 41 in the Z-axis plus direction to move to the mounting position D. FIG. 3 shows a state in which the tool rest 11 and the holding member 43 have moved as described above. Thereby, as shown in the drawing, the positioning members 15 and the receiving members 25 are in a state of facing each other. At this time, the clamp mechanism 13 is in the operating state shown in FIG.

Next, the tool rest 11 is driven in the X axis minus direction. Thereby, after the to-be- gripped member 27 arranged in the tool holder 10 comes into contact with the sealing member 22, while entering the clamping mechanism 13 while pushing the sealing member 22 inside,
The receiving surface 26 of the receiving member 25 contacts the reference surface 15a of the positioning member 15. In this state, the driving of the tool rest 11 in the X-axis minus direction is stopped.

Next, pressurized oil is supplied to the first hydraulic chamber 18, and the piston 17 moves in the positive direction of the X-axis.
Thereby, the gripped member 27 of the tool holder 10 is gripped. At this time, the gripped member 27 is gripped while being pulled in the X-axis plus direction by the collet 16, whereby the receiving surface 26 and the reference surface 15a are in close contact, and the tool holder 10 is It is accurately positioned and firmly fixed to the tool post 11.

After the tool holder 10 is fixed to the tool rest 11 in this way, the holding by the holding member 43 is released, and then the tool rest 11 is driven and moved in the positive X-axis direction. Is driven in the negative direction of the Z axis to return to the storage position C. By the above operation, the tool post 1
1 is completed, and the tool holder 10 is in the state shown in FIG.

On the other hand, when the tool holder 10 mounted on the tool rest 11 is to be removed, the tool rest 11 and the holding member 43 are removed.
Is moved to the mounting position D, and the tool holder 1 is moved.
After the holding member 43 grips the gripping member 27, the pressure oil is supplied into the second hydraulic chamber 19 to move the piston 17 in the negative X-axis direction, thereby releasing the gripping of the gripping member 27 by the collet 16. . Next, when the tool rest 11 is moved in the X-axis plus direction, the tool holder 10 is removed from the tool rest 11. At this time, since the through hole 17a is in communication with the second hydraulic chamber 19, the rod 23 is urged in the X-axis minus direction by the pressure oil supplied to the second hydraulic chamber 19, and The rod 23 and the sealing member 22 move in the negative direction of the X axis with the relative movement of the gripping member 27, and the sealing member 22 seals the opening of the lid 21. FIG. 3 also shows a state in which the tool holder 10 has been removed from the tool rest 11 in this manner. Since then
By returning the holding member 43 to the storage position C, the tool holder 10 is stored at a predetermined position.

As described in detail above, according to the machine tool of this embodiment, the positioning between the tool holder 10 and the tool rest 11 is performed by the tapered reference surface 15a and the receiving surface 26. The tool holder 10 and the tool post 11
When the tool holder 10 is mounted on the tool holder 10, the tool holder 10 can be inserted into the opening of the lid 21 so that the gripped member 27 can be inserted without accurately aligning the receiving surface 26 with the reference surface 15 a. After the tool holder 10 is aligned with the base 11, the receiving surface 26 and the reference surface 15 a are easily brought into close contact with each other simply by bringing the tool holder 10 into contact with the tool base 11. 11 can be accurately positioned. Thus, according to this example, the tool holder 1
When the tool holder 10 is mounted on the tool post 11, fine positioning as in the above-described conventional example is unnecessary, and therefore, the mounting of the tool holder 10 on the tool post 11 can be performed by using the tool holder transfer means 40 as in this example. Even if it is performed manually, regardless of this, the effect is obtained that such mounting can be performed quickly and accurately.

Further, the tool holder 10 is provided by the collet 16.
Since the tool holder 10 is fixed to the tool rest 11 by gripping the gripped member 27, it takes time and effort to fix the tool holder 10 to the tool rest 11 as in the conventional example. Therefore, the effect that the tool holder 10 can be easily fixed to the tool rest can be obtained, and the tool holder 10 can be moved relative to the tool rest 11 as in the example using the tool holder transferring means 40. The attachment / detachment can be automatically performed, and an effect that such attachment / detachment work can be performed quickly without manual intervention can be obtained.

Further, since the opening of the lid 21 into which the member to be gripped 27 enters is sealed by the sealing member 22, when the tool holder 10 is removed from the tool rest 11, the clamp Chips and the like can be effectively prevented from entering the inside of the mechanism 13 and causing a situation in which the chips cause poor holding of the collet 16.

As described above, one embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail. However, it is needless to say that a specific aspect of the present invention is not limited to this. For example, in the above-described embodiment, the clamp mechanism 13, the receiving member 25, and the member to be gripped 27 are provided at two places, respectively. However, these may be provided at three or more places.

A tool magazine capable of holding a plurality of tools T is provided at the storage position C, a predetermined tool T is taken out from the tool magazine, and a tool T mounted on the tool rest 11 is provided. Can be exchanged by the tool holder transfer means 40. In this way, machining using more long tools can be performed.

The tool holder transfer means 40 is not particularly required to be provided if the attachment / detachment work by hand is sufficient.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a headstock and a tool rest of a machine tool according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a tool holder is mounted on a tool rest in the present embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a tool holder is removed from a tool post and a state before the tool holder is mounted on the tool post in the embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a tool rest of a machine tool according to a conventional example.

FIG. 5 is a front view in the direction of arrow B in FIG. 4;

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Tool holder 11 Tool post 12 Tool holder holding means 13 Clamp mechanism 15 Positioning member 15a Reference surface 16 Collet (gripping portion) 17 Piston 22 Sealing member 25 Receiving member 26 Receiving surface 27 Grabbed member 40 Tool holder transferring means 41 Guide member 42 movable member 43 holding member

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A machine tool comprising a tool holder holding a tool, a tool rest on which the tool holder is mounted, and tool holder holding means attached to the tool rest and holding the tool holder. The tool holder holding means includes a plurality of clamp mechanisms having an opening at a center portion, a grip portion inside, and a tapered reference surface around the opening portion; A plurality of gripping mechanisms including a tapered receiving surface that can be in close contact with the reference surface, and a gripped portion that is protruded from the center of the receiving surface and gripped by the gripping portion. The gripping portion is formed corresponding to each of the clamp mechanisms, the gripped portion enters the inside from the opening, the receiving surface is in close contact with the reference surface, and the gripped portion is gripped by the gripping portion. The tool holder is A machine tool configured to be held by the tool holder holding means. 2. The clamp mechanism is provided so as to open the opening when the grasped portion enters the inside, and to seal the opening when the grasped portion is outside. The machine tool according to claim 1, further comprising a sealing member. 3. A tool holder transferring means for transferring the tool holder between a storage position where the tool holder is stored and a mounting position held by a tool holder holding means attached to the tool post. 3. The machine tool according to claim 1, wherein: