JP2001355220A - Civil engineering work block and manufacturing device for civil engineering work block - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve the disadvantage of a conventional civil engineering work block used for seeding and planting revetment work or the like that the ratio of sediment or water to concrete is extremely small in a place where this block is laid because of its solid structure, so that the growth of creatures cannot be promoted, and the weight is heavy to limit the use. SOLUTION: This block comprises a hollow shell wall 3 having spherical outer surface and inner surface, and the whole body of the shell wall 3 is integrally molded of concrete, and a number of wall ports 5 is formed in the shell wall 3. Accordingly, the weight is light, and the ratio of sediment or water to concrete in the laid place can be significantly increased to promote vegetation, so that aquatic organisms of various sizes can live to promote the vegetation. Further, a desired member is put in the inside space, whereby a peculiar function can be also imparted.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a block for civil engineering work and an apparatus for manufacturing the block for civil engineering work. For details, mainly civil engineering works related to water systems such as rivers, swamps, and the sea,
In particular, the present invention relates to a civil engineering construction block suitable for construction in which an ecosystem is required to remain as natural as possible, and a manufacturing apparatus therefor.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, for example, in the revetment work of rivers, the conventional construction method of hardening the entire riverbank and riverbed with concrete creates an excessively inorganic environment or loses the self-purifying ability of water systems. It is becoming increasingly necessary to stand and preserve ecosystems in as natural a form as possible, to encourage vegetation on the waterside, to renovate structures that are easier for aquatic organisms to live in, and to artificially create fishing reefs. Construction is being actively carried out.

[0003] As a structural material used in civil engineering work for such a purpose, a wood-based material or a concrete block is frequently used. Among them, concrete blocks have advantages such as high strength, high corrosion resistance, and low manufacturing cost.

[0004]

However, since all of the conventional concrete construction blocks have a solid structure, the ratio of soil, sand and water to concrete at the place where the blocks are laid is extremely small. Would. In such a state, vegetation is not active due to poor water retention on the ground, ecosystems relying on plants are difficult to develop, and underwater there is a small space where fish and shellfish can live, so large and small aquatic organisms I cannot grow up.

[0005] In addition, since it is solid, the amount of concrete used is large and the production cost is high, and the weight is heavy, so that laying work and transportation are also expensive. Since it is practically impossible to add a specific function to the data, there is also a problem that the application is limited to a narrow range and the versatility is poor. In addition, there have been attempts to make this type of civil engineering construction block porous or to embed wood chips in advance to make it easier for microorganisms to inhabit. Because of that, it cannot be made versatile.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned conventional problems, and has a light weight, can greatly increase the ratio of earth and sand, soil, and water to concrete at a laid place. It is an object of the present invention to provide a new block for civil engineering work which can have a desired member after manufacturing to some extent and has versatility, and a manufacturing apparatus therefor.

[0007]

In order to achieve this object, a block for civil engineering work according to claim 1 has a shell wall which is hollow, has at least an outer surface formed in a spherical shape, and is integrally formed of concrete as a whole. The shell wall has a number of wall holes formed therein.

[0008] This civil engineering work block has a spherical outer shape and a hollow structure. Therefore, even if the blocks are arranged or stacked in contact with each other, the internal space of each block is not affected. In addition, a considerable space is formed as a whole by the considerable space formed between adjacent blocks, and earth and sand and water enter the internal space through the wall holes. Therefore, the ratio of earth, sand, soil, and water to concrete at the place where the civil engineering work block is laid can be greatly increased, so that good water retention is maintained on the ground, vegetation becomes active, and plants become active. The ecosystem on which it depends will also be easier to develop, and a large space for fish and shellfish to live and lay eggs will be ensured in the water, and large and small aquatic organisms can be raised.

Since the hollow structure is used, the weight can be considerably reduced, the amount of concrete used is small, and the manufacturing cost is low. As a result, the work such as construction and transportation is easy and low cost. Can be done with Moreover, because of the hollow structure, it is easy to store desired members other than earth and sand and water in the internal space to have a specific function, and the versatility is expanded.

[0010] The block for civil engineering according to claim 2 is the block for civil engineering according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that the inner surface of the shell wall has a spherical shape that is substantially concentric with the outer surface. By doing so, the entire shell wall becomes substantially constant in thickness, the strength is stabilized, and a large internal space can be secured.

Further, the apparatus for producing a block for civil engineering work according to the present invention comprises a shell wall which is hollow, at least the outer surface of which has a spherical shape, and which is integrally formed of concrete as a whole. An apparatus for manufacturing a formed civil engineering block, comprising: a spherical outer frame having a structure divided into at least two parts; and an inner frame formed of elastic material such as rubber and housed in the outer frame. A frame, a filler supply means for supplying a filler of fluid or powder to the inner frame to expand the inner frame, and a space as a wall hole protruding into a cavity formed by the outer frame and the expanded inner frame. And a concrete inlet for injecting concrete into the cavity.

Since the inner frame of this manufacturing apparatus is reduced in size by discharging most of the filler, removal from the molded block is performed after discharging the filler. Therefore, according to the apparatus for manufacturing a civil engineering block, since the inner frame does not need to be destroyed each time the molding is completed, a hollow spherical civil engineering block having a single structure can be repeatedly molded. .

[0013]

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a construction block 1 and a manufacturing apparatus 11 according to an embodiment of the present invention. [A. Civil engineering block] (FIGS. 1 to 5) The civil engineering block 1 has a hollow spherical shape, that is, a spherical shape whose outer surface and inner surface are concentric with each other, and a large number of circular holes 5 are formed in the shell wall 3 thereof. And the whole is integrally formed of concrete.

In the civil engineering work block 1 shown in this embodiment, ten holes 5 are provided in all. In particular,
Five pairs of two holes are provided on an axis passing through the center of the shell wall 3, and the respective axes have the following relationship.
That is, one axis is set as a reference axis, and the other four axes are inclined by 45 ° with respect to the reference axis and are positioned at 90 ° intervals around the axis of the reference axis. Therefore, four or five holes 5 are visible when the civil engineering block 1 is viewed from any direction.

The diameters of the shell wall 3 and the hole 5 are determined by the purpose of use of the civil engineering work block 1, the local environmental conditions such as on the ground or underwater, the installation form such as single-stack or multi-stack, and the total construction yard It is set considering the area etc. comprehensively. Usually, an outer diameter of about 250 to 2000 mm is a rough guide. Also, from the relationship with the strength, the shell wall 3
About 10-20% of the outer diameter of the shell wall 3
It is desirable that the diameter of the hole 5 is approximately 15 to 20% of the outer diameter of the shell wall 3.

[B. Equipment for manufacturing blocks for civil engineering work)
(FIG. 3) FIG. 3 shows an example 11 of a manufacturing apparatus for manufacturing the civil engineering block 1. This manufacturing device 11
Comprises an outer frame 12 and an inner frame 13 for forming the shell wall 3,
It comprises a core 14 for forming the hole 5 and a concrete pouring port 15.

The outer frame 12 is made of iron and has a hollow semi-spherical fixed outer frame half 17 and a movable outer frame half 18.
Are openably and closably connected via a hinge 19, and the closed state is maintained by fixing a stopper 20 located on the opposite side to the hinge 19 with a fastener as shown in FIG. Each of the fixed-side and movable-side outer frame halves 17 and 18 is formed with five holes 5 '. These total 10
The mutual positional relationship of the individual holes 5 ′ is determined by the civil engineering block 1.
Of the ten holes 5.

A core 14 is provided in each of the holes 5 '. The core 14 has a disk-shaped cap portion 14a.
And a column-shaped hole forming portion 14b protruding from the cap portion 14a.
The outer frame 12 is attached so as to be inserted from the outside into the holes 5 ′ of 7 and 18 and protrude into the outer frame 12. Of these cores 14,
The one provided in the hole 5 'formed at the top of each of the outer frame halves 17 and 18 is fixed to the hole 5', and the other core 14 is detachably attached to the hole 5 '. The core 14 fixed to the top of the fixed outer frame half 17 has a nozzle mounting hole 14c penetrating the center thereof.

The inner frame 13 is formed of a highly elastic material such as rubber, like a balloon, and its opening 13a passes through the nozzle mounting hole 14c from the inside of the outer frame half 17. Reference numeral 23 denotes a water supply pipe extending from a water supply / drainage pump (not shown), and a water supply nozzle 24 is attached to the water supply pipe 23. The water supply nozzle 24 is connected to the mouth 1 of the inner frame 13.
3a is inserted into the nozzle mounting hole 14c in a state where it is externally fitted.
Is kept watertight. A liquid having a large specific gravity, such as bentonite, is supplied from a water supply / drain pump. The concrete inlet 15 is attached to the fixed outer frame half 17.

The molding of the civil engineering work block 1 by the manufacturing apparatus 11 is performed as follows. First, the outer frame 12 is closed, and the core 14 is attached to the hole 5 ′. The attached core 14 is attached to the outer frame 12 by a clamper (not shown).
Fixed to. Next, water is supplied from the water supply nozzle 24 to the inner frame 13. As a result, the inner frame 13 expands substantially spherically in the outer frame 12 as shown by a two-dot chain line in FIG.
The cores 14 protrude into the cavity 31 as a result.

When the inner frame 13 expands to a predetermined size, the supply of water to the inner frame 13 is temporarily stopped, and ready-mixed concrete is injected into the cavity 31 from the concrete injection port 15. Immediately before this pouring is completed, the water supply pressure to the inner frame 13 is added again, and the pressure of the ready-mixed concrete and the inner frame 1
Equilibrate with the water pressure in 3. When the poured concrete is solidified, the civil engineering work block 1 is formed. That is, the core 14 forms the shell wall 3 with the wall hole 5 left.

When the poured concrete is solidified, the water in the inner frame 13 is forcibly discharged by reversing the feed pump to shrink the inner frame 13 to its original size, and then the clamper is removed and the core 14 is removed, and the movable side is removed. Outer frame half 18
Is opened, the civil engineering work block 1 is taken out on the outer frame half 18. Thus, the civil engineering work block 1 is manufactured.

In this manufacturing apparatus 11, the outer frame 12 is made of iron. However, in some cases, the outer frame 12 may be made of wood or foam resin. The filler to be supplied to the inner frame 13 is not limited to water or bentonite as described above, but may be sand or finer powder. In some cases, high-pressure air may be used.

[C. Construction Example] (FIGS. 4 and 5) [C-1. Vegetation revetment embankment] (FIG. 4) FIG. 4 shows an example of construction using the civil engineering work block 1 for constructing the vegetation revetment embankment 41. The vegetation embankment 41 has a biodegradable base sheet (not shown) laid on a slope 42 that is leveled to a gentle slope, and the civil engineering blocks 1 are arranged vertically and horizontally on the base sheet without any gaps. When installing the block 1 for civil engineering work, an appropriate amount of earth and sand or soil is put in, and finally the soil is sown from above to fill the gap between the blocks 1.

In the vegetation revetment 41 having such a structure, the space inside the shell wall 3 of the block 1 has an appropriate water retention capacity, and a large number of wall holes 3 have an appropriate ventilation and drainage. Because the ratio of concrete to earth and sand is almost 1 to 1, the vegetation becomes very active and the plant Ecosystems that rely on are easily deployed.

The blocks 1 installed in this manner need not necessarily be connected to each other. However, if the blocks 1 are located on the banks of a fast-flowing river, the blocks 1 may be connected to each other or have an appropriate area. It is only necessary to divide the sections and connect only the outlines of the sections to each other. Although various connection methods are conceivable in this case, using the wall holes 3 of the block 1,
A steel bar or the like is skewered through many blocks 1 and both ends are fixed with nuts or the like, or hooks are insert-molded at the time of molding, and the hooks are connected with each other by, for example, a shackle. Is also good. It is also conceivable that a large number of the blocks 1 are integrally formed in a planar arrangement as required.

[C-2. Rooting] (FIG. 5) FIG. 5 shows an example of construction in which the civil engineering work block 1 is used for the shoring 45 of a riverbed. This root consolidation work 45
Also, a biodegradable base sheet (not shown) is laid on a substantially flat riverbed, and civil engineering blocks 1 are arranged vertically and horizontally on the base sheet without any gaps, and are connected to each other by reinforcing bars or the like. . Each block 1 is packed with crushed stones 46 in advance, and the crushed stones 46 purify the water by sifting the contaminants in the water, and the contaminants are decomposed by microorganisms and the like that have settled in the blocks 1.

In addition, the civil engineering work block 1 is used as a block material for making fish nests and reefs in rivers, lakes and seas.
Alternatively, it can be used as a block for various types of civil engineering works related to flood control, such as a river dam, a block material for assembling a river dike or a retaining fence, and the like.

The embodiment of the present invention has been described above.
The specific configuration of the present invention is not limited to this embodiment, and any change in design or the like without departing from the spirit of the present invention is also included in the present invention. For example, in the embodiment, the inner space of the block is spherical, but in some cases, the inner space may be elliptical or rectangular.
When the block is large, a reinforcing bar is embedded in the block to secure sufficient strength.

[0030]

As described above, according to the block for civil engineering work according to the present invention, the ratio of earth and sand and water to concrete at the place where the block is laid can be greatly increased, so that vegetation is active on the ground. In the water, a variety of large and small aquatic organisms can be raised. And, because of the hollow structure, the weight can be considerably reduced, the amount of concrete used is small, the manufacturing cost is low, and various operations such as construction and transportation can be performed easily and at low cost. Moreover, because of the hollow structure, it is easy to store desired members other than earth and sand and water in the internal space to have a specific function, and the versatility is expanded.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the entire shell wall has a substantially constant thickness to stabilize the strength, and a large internal space can be secured.

Further, according to the apparatus for manufacturing a civil engineering block of the present invention, since the inner frame does not have to be destroyed each time molding is completed, a hollow spherical civil engineering block having a single structure is repeatedly formed. can do.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a block for civil engineering work according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view taken along line AA of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a central sectional view showing an example of a molding die for producing the civil engineering work block shown in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of construction of the civil engineering work block shown in FIG.

FIG. 5 is a view showing another example of construction of the civil engineering work block shown in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Civil engineering block 3 ... Shell wall 5 ... Wall hole 11 ... Civil engineering block manufacturing apparatus 12 ... Outer frame
13 inner frame 14 core 15 concrete inlet 23, 2
4: Filler supply means 31: Cavity

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A block for civil engineering work comprising a hollow shell wall having at least an outer surface formed in a spherical shape and entirely formed of concrete integrally, and having a plurality of wall holes formed in the shell wall. 2. The block for civil engineering work according to claim 1, wherein the inner surface of the shell wall has a spherical shape substantially concentric with the outer surface. 3. An apparatus for manufacturing a block for civil engineering work, comprising a hollow shell wall having at least an outer surface having a spherical shape and being entirely formed of concrete and having a plurality of wall holes formed in the shell wall. A spherical outer frame having a structure divided into at least two parts, an inner frame formed of a highly elastic material such as rubber and housed in the outer frame, and a fluid or powder filler filled in the inner frame. Filler supply means for expanding the frame by supplying it to the frame, a core projecting into a cavity formed by the outer frame and the expanded inner frame to leave a space as a wall hole, and injecting concrete into the cavity. An apparatus for manufacturing a block for civil engineering work, comprising a concrete inlet.