JP2001341128A - Method of molding organic solid substance, molding apparatus thereof, and molded article thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Problem] 1) Economical treatment without fine grinding, 2) High bulk density, economical storage and transfer, 3) Uniform shape, easy handling Being,
4) Use as a solid fuel as an alternative to coal, etc.
5) A method for molding an organic solid substance such as waste plastic, a molding apparatus thereof, and a molded article thereof are provided, aiming at requirements such as being usable for material recycling. SOLUTION: A compression molding body 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, 4e of an organic solid substance is press-fitted from one end 6 of a molding chamber 2 using a cylindrical molding chamber 2 whose both ends are opened and maintained at a predetermined temperature,
In the molding chamber 2, a plurality of compressed bodies 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d,
4e, the compressed bodies 4a, 4b, 4c,
A part of the outer surface of each of 4d and 4e is fused or pressed by a heated wall surface 12 to form a molded body 8, and the other end 10 of the molding chamber 2 is formed.
A method for molding an organic solid substance, comprising discharging a molded body 8 from a mold.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for molding an organic solid substance such as waste plastic, an apparatus for molding the same, and a molded article thereof, and more specifically, to thermal recycling or material recycling of waste such as plastic. Therefore, the present invention relates to a technology for reducing the volume of waste such as plastic by compression molding.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, plastics as industrial waste and general waste have been increasing, and their disposal has become a major problem. Since plastics generate a large amount of heat during combustion, there is a problem that the incinerator is damaged when incinerated. For this reason, conventionally, the waste was often dumped in landfills, but recently, the capacity of landfills has become tight, and this is not desirable from an environmental point of view. Therefore, it is desired to recycle a large amount of waste plastic.

[0003] Recycling treatment is roughly classified into material recycling and thermal recycling. Desirable is material recycling, but collected waste plastics often suffer damage and contamination,
The restoration requires a great deal of labor and money.

On the other hand, various methods can be considered as thermal recycling. The simplest method is to incinerate in an incinerator as in the case of general combustible waste, recover heat, and use it for power generation and the like. However, there are problems such as damage to the incinerator as described above. In addition, a method in which waste plastic is crushed to the order of several mm is used as an auxiliary fuel for a blast furnace, and a method in which finely pulverized waste plastic is crushed to the order of 0.1 mm is mixed with heavy oil or the like to obtain a slurry fuel. It is considered. However, these methods require a great deal of energy for grinding the waste plastic. Furthermore, since the bulk of the waste plastic has a low bulk density, its storage and transportation require a great deal of cost. Therefore, such a treatment method involving fine pulverization of waste plastic is hardly an economically effective treatment method.

[0005] As a conventional technique for recycling waste plastic, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-234449 discloses a technique of molding into a rod using an extruder. However, in order to mold with an extruder, it is necessary to pulverize waste plastic to at least 30 mm or less. In addition, this method temporarily melts the processed material due to the heat generated by the compression and kneading, requires a large amount of power, and causes severe wear of the screw and the like, which makes operation and maintenance costs economical. Can not.

[0006] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-38614 discloses that
A technique for solidifying waste plastics and the like with a briquette machine is disclosed. However, in order to mold with a briquette machine, finer pulverization is required than in the case of the extruder. Also, since the briquette machine does not generate heat, it is difficult to secure the strength of the molded product. In the disclosed invention, the treated material is heated in advance, but since the melting point varies depending on the type of waste plastic, it is difficult to continue stable operation and obtain a product having sufficient strength. is there.

[0007]

The research group to which the present inventors belonged has been intensively researched on the compression molding technology of waste plastic in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, and as a result, the present invention has been carried out in the following steps. completed.

First, the morphology of the molded product was studied. The collected waste plastics have various shapes and most of them have a size exceeding several hundred mm. The method of shaping such waste plastic into a certain shape after pulverizing it to some extent was studied. As a result of the examination, the following molded product was successfully manufactured.

When the waste plastic is compressed into a predetermined shape (hereinafter referred to as "compressed body"), and only the surface thereof is heated and fused, a single molded body can be obtained. That is, the compression body expands and deforms when the pressure is released,
If the surface is fused. Even after the pressure is released, no deformation occurs, and a strong molded body can be obtained.

The waste plastics to be treated require some grinding, but may be larger than in the case of conventional methods. For example, one having a size of about 50 mm can be used. Further, the compression molding can increase the density of the molded body. Furthermore, since only the surface of the compressed body is fused, molding can be performed with a small amount of heat. Such a molded article can be obtained, for example, by pressing a waste plastic into a mold, heating the mold, and then discharging the molded article from the mold.

The research group to which the present inventors belonged has previously reported a molded fuel comprising the molded body and a method for producing the same (Japanese Patent Application No. 11-106427).

[0012] However, this method requires a complicated process for producing individual moldings, that is, individual moldings, and causes a new problem that productivity cannot be increased.

Therefore, as a result of repeated studies on a method for efficiently producing the individual molded bodies, a predetermined molding method and a method for molding waste plastic have been proposed.
By using a predetermined molding apparatus, it was found that the individual molded bodies described above can be efficiently manufactured while maintaining sufficient strength, and according to the above-described method and apparatus, only waste plastic is used. In addition, the present inventors have found that the present invention can be applied to waste plastics containing organic solid substances other than plastics, such as wood chips and paper, and even the above-mentioned organic solid substances alone, and have completed the present invention.

Therefore, the object of the present invention is to solve the above problems, and 1) to be able to process economically without fine pulverization. 2) High bulk density and economical storage and transfer. 3) The shape must be constant and easy to handle. 4) Use as a solid fuel as an alternative to coal or the like. 5) Can be used for material recycling. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method of molding an organic solid substance such as waste plastic, a molding apparatus thereof, and a molded article thereof, with the goal of the above.

[0015]

Means for Solving the Problems In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides: [1] a cylindrical molding chamber whose both ends are opened and maintained at a predetermined temperature, and an organic solid material is formed from one end of the molding chamber. A compressed body of a substance is pressed into the molded chamber, and a plurality of the compressed bodies are held in the molding chamber, whereby a part of the outer surface of the compressed body is fused or pressed into a molded body, and the molded body is discharged from the other end of the molding chamber. [2] using a cylindrical compression chamber having a piston that enters and exits the chamber from one end, the other end of the compression chamber and the molding chamber One end is connected, and the organic solid material filled in the compression chamber is compressed to form one compressed body and press-fit into the molding chamber. [3] The organic solid material is pneumatically transported. Filling the compression chamber.

The present invention also provides: [4] a cylindrical compression chamber provided with a piston that enters and exits the chamber from one end, and a cylindrical molding chamber that is open at both ends and is maintained at a predetermined temperature. It is an object of the present invention to propose an apparatus for molding an organic solid substance, characterized in that the other end of the chamber and one end of the molding chamber are connected to each other. Including a supply port for receiving a substance and an exhaust hole for discharging air to the outside.

[0017] The present invention further provides: [6] a molded product of an organic solid substance molded by any of the methods of [1] to [3], and [7] a molded product of the device of [4] or [5]. The present invention proposes a molded body of an organic solid substance.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.

[0019]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The organic solid substance as a molding raw material of the present invention is a waste mainly composed of synthetic resin generally collected as noncombustible waste, and used in the textile industry after being used as a material for bedding and the like. Waste mainly composed of synthetic resin such as flocculent, and containers, boxes,
Waste plastic mainly composed of synthetic resin such as polystyrene foam, acrylic resin, and waste mainly composed of synthetic resin such as film-like and plate-like resin after being used as a material for packaging materials is preferable. Any of the above waste plastics can be effectively molded.

Further, even if it contains a small amount of other substances such as wood chips and paper, compression molding can be performed without being adversely affected. Further, compression molding can be performed by using paper alone.

In each case, the organic solid substance, particularly waste plastic, is very bulky, and its bulk specific gravity is 0.0
01 to 0.05.

These organic solid substances are pulverized into crushed products as raw materials for molding. The pulverization may be of a size that allows the crushed product to enter the compression chamber, and it is not necessary to pulverize more finely. Therefore, the bulk specific gravity of the crushed product is 0.001 to 0.1.
1 and preferably 0.001 to 0.05.

The method for molding an organic solid substance of the present invention uses a cylindrical molding chamber having both ends opened and maintained at a predetermined temperature, and press-fits a compact of the organic solid substance from one end of the molding chamber.
An organic solid, characterized in that a part of the outer surface of the compressed body is fused or pressed into a molded body by holding a plurality of compressed bodies in the molding chamber, and the molded body is discharged from the other end of the molding chamber. It is a method of molding a substance.

FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view showing an example of a molding chamber in a molding apparatus that can be used in the above-mentioned method for molding an organic solid substance.

As illustrated in FIG. 1, one end of the molding chamber 2 is a supply port 6 for the compressed bodies 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, 4e, and 4f, and the other end is a discharge port 10 for the molded body 8. Molding room 2
Is a length that can hold a plurality of compressed bodies 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, and 4e. At least a part of the molding chamber 2 is kept at a high temperature. Compressed bodies 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, 4e, 4
f is press-fitted from the supply port 6 one by one. In the molding room 2,
A plurality of compression bodies 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, and 4e are held. Compressors 4a, 4b, 4c, 4 in molding chamber 2
Each time one compression body 4f is press-fitted from the supply port 6, d and 4e move toward the discharge port 10 by that amount. Since at least a part of the wall surface 12 of the molding chamber 2 is maintained at a high temperature, the compression bodies 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, 4
e is heated and fused at a portion in contact with the wall surface 12, and is discharged from the outlet 10 as a molded body 8 with a part of the outer surface fused.

In a molding method using this molding apparatus,
The discharge port 10 side of the molding chamber 2 is always open. In addition, the supply port 6 side also includes the compression bodies 4a, 4b, 4c, 4
When press-fitting d, 4e, and 4f, a considerable pressure is received, but it is open until the next press-fitting is performed. Therefore, the compression bodies 4a, 4b, 4c, 4
d, 4e appear to expand and deform.

However, actually, the compression bodies 4a, 4b, 4
Since c, 4d, and 4e strongly push the wall surface 12 in the molding chamber 2 due to the expansion force, a frictional force acts between the wall surface 12 and the wall surface 12 to prevent deformation. In addition, the compression bodies 4a, 4
Since this frictional force also works when b, 4c, 4d, 4e, 4f are press-fitted, the compressed bodies 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, 4e,
4f is press-fitted without expanding and deforming.

Performing compression molding in such an open system cannot be considered with common sense. However, the present invention has discovered that the frictional force of a compressed body is utilized and realized this. It was done.

The shape of the molded product obtained by the method for molding an organic solid substance of the present invention is cylindrical according to the cross-sectional shape of the molding chamber, if the cross-section is circular, and rectangular if the cross-section is square. For example, in the case of a cylindrical shape, the curved plane is heated and fused, so that the shape of the molded body is maintained by the bonding force (hereinafter referred to as surface force) of the fused surface. . On the other hand, there is no such surface force on both end surfaces which are substantially flat.

However, as described above, since the organic solid substance to be treated is not pulverized so finely, the inside of the molded body is entangled with each other and compressed. for that reason,
Even if there is no strong surface force on both end surfaces of the molded body, sufficient strength can be obtained only by the curved surface force.

Further, the compression bodies adjacent to each other in the molding chamber are fused to each other at the curved surface portions to be integrated. However, since only the surface portion is fused and there is no bonding force inside, the adjacent compressed bodies are naturally separated by a very weak force when being discharged from the discharge port of the molding chamber. As a result, a molded body having the same shape as the compressed body when pressed into the molding chamber is obtained.

Therefore, the molding method of the present invention does not require an operation for removing the molded body from the molding chamber or an operation for cutting, and one molded body is pressed every time one compressed body is pressed into the molding chamber. Will be obtained. Thus, an excellent molded body can be obtained by simply repeating the simple operation. Therefore, according to the molding method of the present invention, a molded article of an organic solid substance can be produced with high productivity.

According to the method of molding an organic solid substance of the present invention, a cylindrical compression chamber having a piston that enters and exits the chamber from one end is used, and the other end of the compression chamber is connected to one end of the molding chamber. By compressing the filled organic solid material in the chamber,
One embodiment includes forming individual compacts and press fitting into a molding chamber.

An embodiment of the apparatus for molding an organic solid substance according to the present invention comprises a cylindrical compression chamber having a piston which enters and exits the chamber from one end, a cylindrical compression chamber having both ends opened and maintained at a predetermined temperature. , And the other end of the compression chamber and one end of the molding chamber are connected to each other.

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of a molding chamber and a compression chamber formed by connecting one end of the molding chamber in the apparatus for molding an organic solid substance of the present invention.

As in the case of FIG. 1 described above, by pressing the compression bodies 24a, 24b, 24c, 24d, and 24e one by one into the molding chamber 22, a molding having the same shape as the compression body can be obtained.

This is described in detail below.

A processed material 26 made of an organic solid substance as a forming raw material is compressed, passed through an intermediate compressed body 28, and
At this stage, the compression body 24f is pressed into the molding chamber 22, and the compression body 24a is discharged from the discharge port 36 of the molding chamber 22.

At this time, as described above, the compression body 24a
And the compression body 24b adjacent in the molding chamber are fused together at the curved surface portion and integrated. However, since only the surface portion is fused and there is no bonding force inside, the compression body 24a and the compression body 24 adjacent to each other in the molding chamber are formed.
When b is discharged from the discharge port 36 of the molding chamber 22,
Separates naturally with very weak force. As a result, a molded body having the same shape as the compressed body when pressed into the molding chamber is obtained.

As the compression means, it is more preferable to simply compress with the piston 32 to form the compressed bodies 24f one by one than to continuously compress with a screw or the like.

The compression chamber 34 is formed in a cylindrical shape having the same sectional shape as the molding chamber 22. A piston 32 that enters the compression chamber 34 is provided at one end of the compression chamber 34. Piston 32
Is moved from one end of the compression chamber 34 to the other end. The compression chamber 34 is appropriately provided with a supply port for the processed material and an air discharge hole. The other end of the compression chamber 34 is connected to the molding chamber 2
2 is connected to one end.

The formation of the compressed body 24f and the press-fitting of the formed compressed body 24f into the molding chamber 22 are performed in the following steps. Here, the compression bodies 24a, 24
It is assumed that b, 24c, 24d, and 24e are held. First, in a state where the piston 32 is pulled, the processing object 26 is filled into the compression chamber 34 from the supply port.

Next, the piston 32 is pushed into the compression chamber 34 to compress the processed product 26. That is, the processing object 26 is compressed between the compression body 24 e held in the molding chamber 22 and the piston 32. At this time, the air in the compression chamber 34 is discharged out of the system through the discharge hole.

The processed material 26 compressed by the piston 32 is
In the compression chamber 34, the volume gradually decreases through the intermediate compression body 28 and a reaction force is generated. This reaction force is applied to the molding chamber 34.
, 24a, 24b, 24c, 24d,
Acts on 24e. However, the compression bodies 24a, 24b, 2
Since the above-described frictional force is generated in 4c, 24d, and 24e, the compression by the piston 32 is continued as it is.

When the reaction force gradually increases, the frictional force of the compression bodies 24a, 24b, 24c, 24d, 24e eventually cannot withstand this. The compressed bodies 24a, 24b, 24c, 24d, 24e in the molding chamber 22 are
To the compression body 24 closest to the discharge port 36.
a is discharged from the discharge port 36.

On the other hand, the processed material 2 compressed by the piston 32
6 is pressed into the molding chamber 22 from the compression chamber 34 as a new compression body 24f.

As a method of heating the molding chamber, for example,
By providing an electric heater outside the molding chamber, it can be easily performed. Initially, it was intended to fuse the surface of the compressed body, so a high temperature of about 200 ° C. was assumed. However, as a result of repeated trial production of the molded body at various temperatures, it was confirmed that a high temperature was not necessarily required.

Among the organic solid substances that are the molding raw materials of the present invention, plastic loses its elasticity and softens even at a temperature lower than its melting point by heating. Then, there is a property that it is easily deformed when slightly heated while a force is applied.

As described above, the compressed body has an expansion force due to the elasticity of the processed material made of the organic solid substance as the molding raw material. A strong force acts between the compression body and the wall due to the expansion force.

Then, when the compressed body is heated from the wall,
The surface is softened and deformed. However, even when the surface portion of the compression body softens, the inside thereof still does not lose its elasticity, so that the expansion force is still maintained. As a result, in the surface portion of the compressed body, the individual processed products are entangled with each other densely, and the molded body after cooling, that is, the molded body discharged from the discharge port of the molding chamber generates a strong bonding force. Will be.

As described above, obtaining the bonding force only by the deformation caused by heating and compression without fusion is referred to as "compression bonding" in the present invention. This pressure bonding can be performed by setting the temperature of the wall surface of the molding chamber to 150 ° C. or lower. In many cases, the solid wall of the molding chamber can be pressed even at a lower temperature.
It can be compression molded at ~ 120 ° C. In particular, in the case of a film-like or fibrous plastic, the molded article can obtain sufficient strength by pressure bonding at this low temperature of 50 to 120 ° C.

As a method of filling a processing material comprising an organic solid substance as a molding raw material into a compression chamber, a method using a screw type feeder or a method using press-fitting with a piston may be used.

However, organic solid substances such as waste plastics have a very low bulk density of 0.001 to 0.05 g / cm ^3, and their shapes are various. For that purpose, the above-mentioned method using the screw type feeder,
It is difficult to provide a stable supply in any of the methods of press-fitting with a piston.

As compared with the above-described method for filling the processed material into the compression chamber, the method of filling the processed material into the compression chamber by pneumatic transportation is a more preferable method.

In order to fill the processing object into the compression chamber by pneumatic transportation, the supply port of the processing object in the compression chamber is:
It is preferable to be able to connect pneumatic transportation piping. It is also preferable to provide a large number of exhaust holes on the peripheral wall of the compression chamber so that the processing object and the air can be separated. Note that an outer cylinder may be provided outside the compression chamber so that exhaust can be performed at once.

FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional view showing an example of a means for filling a processing chamber into a compression chamber in the apparatus for molding an organic solid substance of the present invention.

By setting the means for filling the compression chamber with the processed material as shown in FIG.
From the compression chamber 46. The air has many exhaust holes 4
Since the processed material 42 is discharged out of the system from the exhaust port 50 through 8, the processed material 42 is separated from the air and stays in the compression chamber 46. The processed material 46 can be filled by transporting the processed material 46 with the air.

The pneumatic transportation system includes a suction system and a pressurization system, and both can be used. In the pneumatic transportation, not only can the processed material be supplied stably, but since the connection to the compression chamber is made only by piping, the periphery of the compression chamber can be made a simple structure, and the entire device can be compact. Unit. It is also a very effective means for increasing productivity.

In the apparatus shown in FIG. 3, 52 is a piston, 5
4 is an outer cylinder for pneumatic transportation of the processed material, 56 is a molding chamber, 5
Reference numerals 8a, 58b, 58c, 58d, and 58e denote compression bodies, and reference numeral 60 denotes a discharge port.

The compression molding method of the present invention is a method in which the filling of the processed material and the compression by the piston are repeated, and one molded body can be obtained by one filling-compression operation.
The larger the molded body, the higher the productivity. However, the size is determined by the application and has a limit.

As compared with the single compression chamber and molding chamber apparatus, an apparatus provided with a plurality of compression chambers and molding chambers, that is, an apparatus having a plurality of filling-compression operations, has a single filling-compression operation. Thus, a plurality of molded bodies can be obtained, so that productivity can be increased without increasing the size of the molded bodies. Thus, an apparatus provided with a plurality of compression chambers and a molding chamber is a preferable apparatus.

FIG. 4 is a schematic sectional view showing an example of an apparatus in which a plurality of filling-compression operations are performed in the apparatus for molding an organic solid substance of the present invention.

An apparatus having a plurality of such filling-compression operations usually involves an increase in complexity of the apparatus. However, in the method of the present invention, a very simple unit can be used. That is, in the present invention, by employing the molding chambers 72 and 74 having both open ends, the processing operation at the discharge ports 80 and 82 for taking out the molded bodies 76 and 78 does not require processing such as cutting, and is simple. can do. Further, by employing compression by the pistons 84 and 86 for the compression operation, a plurality of pistons 84 and 86 can be operated by one driving device.

Further, by employing pneumatic transportation for the filling operation of the processing object 88, the supply ports 90 and 92 of the processing object 88 and the air discharge pipe 94 can be simplified.

For example, the supply ports 90 and 92 for the processed material 88 and the air discharge pipe 9 are provided to the plurality of compression chambers 96 and 98.
By providing one outer cylinder 100 provided with 4, the size can be reduced. The inside of the outer cylinder 100 is a partition 10
2 and a supply chamber 104 for the processing object 88.
(Right side) and an air discharge chamber 106 (left side). As a result, the processed material 88 pneumatically transported by one transport pipe is simultaneously supplied into the two compression chambers 96, 98, and the air discharged from each compression chamber 96, 98 is discharged by one discharge pipe 94. Therefore, the whole unit can be made compact.

In the apparatus shown in FIG.
b, 108c, 108d, 108e, and 110
a, 110b, 110c, 110d, and 110e are compression bodies, respectively, and 112 is a number of exhaust holes (in FIG.
2 is representative of the upper left exhaust hole).

In such a plurality of compression chambers, the pistons provided respectively can be driven by one driving device. In this case, the filling operation cannot be performed during the compression operation. Therefore, it is preferable to provide a circulation line or a switching valve in the pneumatic transportation line so that the filling operation can be in a standby state during the compression operation.

It is also possible to divide the plurality of compression chambers into two systems and provide a separate drive unit for each system. In this case, since the filling operation can be performed in one system while the compression operation is performed in the other system, it is not necessary to put the pneumatic transport line in a standby state.

For switching the pneumatic transport line between the two systems, a switching valve may be used. Alternatively, the valve may be replaced by a piston provided in each compression chamber. That is, by providing the supply port of the compression chamber on the piston side,
The supply port is opened and closed by the inflow and out of the piston, the piston is pulled open in the filling operation, and the piston can enter the room and close in the compression operation.

Another means for increasing the productivity is to shorten the operation time. That is, one filling-compression operation is performed in as short a time as possible, and the number of cycles of the operation repeated in a unit time is increased.

The method of the present invention is also extremely excellent in shortening the operation time.

In other words, in the filling method by pneumatic transportation, since the processed material is pushed into the compression chamber by the air flow, the filling can be performed at a high filling density in a short time. Although this filling operation is intermittent, it can be automatically performed only by operating the switching valve and the piston as described above, and does not require any useless time to start or end the filling. It is.

The compression operation and the molding operation according to the method of the present invention are extremely effective in shortening the operation time,
A single filling-compression operation can be performed in only 5-6 seconds.

Such shortening of the operation time is preferable for heating the compact.

As described above, heating can be easily performed by providing an electric heater outside the molding chamber.

As described above, the compression body strongly presses the wall surface of the molding chamber by the expansion force, so that a friction force acts between the compression body and the wall surface, and frictional heat is generated every time the compression body moves. Therefore, the amount of heat generated per unit time is large.

Further, as described above, according to the molding method of the present invention, the solid organic material as a molding raw material is pressed even at a low temperature of 150 ° C. or less without necessarily fusing. Thus, a molded product having sufficient strength can be obtained.

In order to press the above-mentioned organic solid substance under pressure,
Even when the wall temperature of the molding chamber is 150 ° C. or less, 5 to 6 seconds is sufficient. Thus, the method of the present invention can perform one filling-compression operation in a short time.

Therefore, heating by the above electric heater,
In addition, the frictional heat between the compressed body and the wall surface of the molding chamber can be effectively used without waste.

As described above, the compression operation and the molding operation according to the method of the present invention can be performed extremely efficiently.

FIG. 5 shows an example of a process for producing a molded article of the present invention by compressing and molding an organic solid substance such as waste plastic by the method of the present invention.

The collected organic solid substance 122 such as waste plastic is once accumulated in a yard 124 and then conveyed to a crusher 128 by a transfer conveyor 126 to be crushed to a predetermined size. This crushed product is conveyed by the transfer conveyor 130 and stored in the hopper 132 as a crushed product as a molding raw material. The stored crushed product is sent from a hopper 132 to a compression molding machine 138 by a pneumatic transportation device including a transportation line 134 and a blower 136, where a molded body 140 compressed and molded into a predetermined shape is obtained. .
Thus, the invention makes it possible to greatly simplify the entire installation.

The shape of the obtained molded article of the present invention can be cylindrical or prismatic according to the sectional shapes of the compression chamber and the molding chamber. Further, it can be formed into a fixed shape.

The size of the molded article of the present invention is not limited.
Generally, 150 mm or less is preferable. Also, compression chamber,
By changing the molding chamber, the piston, and the like, the size of the molded body can be appropriately changed depending on the application. For example, as a substitute for coal, a size of 30 to 90 mm is preferable.

In the method of the present invention, compression of an organic solid substance such as waste plastic as a molding raw material is usually performed mainly in a compression chamber, and is not so compressed in the molding chamber. For this reason, the compression is performed at room temperature, and the compression force cannot be extremely increased, so that the molding specific gravity of the molded body is not extremely high. Still the molding specific gravity is 0.1 ~
It can be set to 1.0. Here, the “molding specific gravity” is a value obtained by dividing the weight of one molded body including a void therein by its volume.

As described above, in the method of the present invention, the preferable bulk specific gravity of the organic solid substance as a molding raw material is 0.001 to 0.05. Therefore, according to the method of the present invention, the volume reduction efficiency is very high, and the storage and transfer can be made economical.

[0087]

EXAMPLES Hereinafter, the present invention will be described specifically with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to the examples.

The compression molding of the waste plastic was carried out according to the process shown in FIG. The compression molding apparatus is composed of a unit having five sets of compression chambers and a molding chamber. FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the compression molding apparatus. The left figure is a front view, and the right figure is a side view.

In the apparatus shown in FIG. 6, 152 and 154 are molding chambers whose both ends are open, 156 and 158 are discharge ports for taking out molded products, 160 and 162 are pistons, 164 and 16
6, 168, 170, and 172 are supply ports for the processed product, and 174.
Denotes an air discharge pipe, 176 denotes an outer cylinder provided with a supply port of a processed material and an air discharge pipe, 178, 180, 182, 184,
186 is a compression chamber.

Details of the compression molding apparatus and operation other than those described above are as follows. Molding room: 36 mm inside diameter × 200 mm length Heating method: Electric heater Set temperature: 80 to 100 ° C. Compression room: 35 mm inside diameter × 150 mm length Piston: 32 mm outside diameter × 200 mm stroke Drive: hydraulic cylinder, 100 mm inside diameter Driving method: 5 The set of pistons was simultaneously driven. Driving oil pressure: 7 to 15 MPa The waste plastic used was a polypropylene film discharged from a can-making factory, and the size was about 600 mm. This was pulverized to 50 mm or less by a pulverizer to obtain a crushed product as a molding raw material having a bulk specific gravity distribution of 0.04 to 0.07. This crushed product was molded by a compression molding device under the above conditions. As a result, a molded body having an outer diameter of 36 mm and a length of 50 to 80 mm was obtained. The molding specific gravity of this molded body is as high as 0.8 to 0.9,
In addition, a sufficient molded body having sufficient strength was obtained.

Although the molded bodies obtained in this example are individually molded bodies having the same shape and the same outer diameter, the lengths and the molding specific gravities have a certain distribution width. Was something.

This means that the crushed waste plastic used as a molding raw material has a bulk distribution of 0.04 to 0.07 because it is not crushed more finely than necessary. Hydraulic pressure is 7 ~ 15MPa
And low.

However, each molded body has a high molding specific gravity and a sufficient strength.

From these facts, according to the method and apparatus of the present invention, waste plastics as a molding raw material do not need to be finely crushed, and have low power compression, high molding specific gravity,
It can be seen that a molded body having sufficient strength was obtained, and the volume reduction efficiency was extremely high.

[0095]

The organic solid substance such as waste plastic used as a molding material for use in the method or apparatus of the present invention does not need to be finely pulverized, and therefore does not require much energy for pulverization.

Furthermore, since the bulk specific gravity of the molded article obtained by the method or the apparatus of the present invention is high, that is, the volume reduction efficiency between the molding raw material and the molded article is extremely high, no great cost is required for storage and transfer thereof. .

Therefore, when the method or the apparatus of the present invention is used as a waste treatment of organic solid substances such as plastics,
A processing method that does not require fine pulverization of an organic solid substance such as waste plastic as described above is an economically effective processing method.

Further, according to the method or the apparatus of the present invention, it is not necessary to once melt all the organic solid substances such as the waste plastics to be processed, and a part of the surface of the compressed body of the processed material is melted at a low temperature. A molded article having high strength can be obtained only by attaching or crimping. For this reason, a large amount of power is not required, and there is no large amount of heat generation, so that the members of the device are less worn. Therefore, operation costs and maintenance costs can be made economical. According to the method or apparatus of the present invention, there is no significant heat generation, but moderate heat generation, and simple heating such as an electric heater is sufficient.

As described above, according to the method or apparatus of the present invention, a high-strength molded body can be obtained only by fusing or compressing a part of the surface of the compressed body of the processed product at a low temperature. . Therefore, any processed solids as waste plastics can be efficiently molded as long as they are organic solid substances of waste plastic. In addition, this organic solid substance can be efficiently formed by using paper alone even if it contains some other substance such as wood chips and paper. Therefore, it is not necessary to heat the processing object in advance, and even if the melting point differs depending on the type of the processing object, stable operation can be continued and a product having sufficient strength can be obtained.

Further, according to the method or the apparatus of the present invention, it is not necessary to set a molding frame for each molded body each time, and only the piston is continuously driven in the compression chamber so that the same processed material can be obtained. The shape can be efficiently molded. In addition, by performing the filling of the processing object into the compression chamber by pneumatic transportation, the filling-compression operation can be performed in a short time. In addition, the pneumatic transportation not only can supply the processed material stably, but also has a simple structure around the compression chamber because only the pipe is connected to the compression chamber. Can be a compact unit. Therefore, the productivity of shaping an organic solid substance by the method or apparatus of the present invention is extremely high.

Further, the molded article obtained by the present invention can be used mainly as an alternative fuel for coal or coke, and also as an auxiliary fuel for an electric furnace or a cement firing furnace. As described above, the molded article of the present invention can be used for those intended for thermal recycling. Furthermore, when only the same material is used as a processed material, there is no problem in using it for the purpose of material recycling.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view showing an example of a molding chamber in an apparatus for molding an organic solid substance of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of a molding chamber and a compression chamber formed by connecting one end of the molding chamber in the apparatus for molding an organic solid substance of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of a means for filling a processing chamber into a compression chamber in the apparatus for molding an organic solid substance of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of an apparatus in which a plurality of filling-compression operations are performed in the organic solid material molding apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic flow chart showing an example of a process for producing a molded article of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a compression molding apparatus used in Examples.
FIG. 6A is a front view thereof, and FIG. 6B is a side view thereof.

[Explanation of symbols]

Reference Signs List 2 Molding chambers 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, 4e, 4f Compressed body 6 Supply port for processed material 8 Molded body 10 Discharge port for removing molded body 12 Wall surface 22 Molding chambers 24a, 24b, 24c, 24d, 24e, 24f Compressed body 26 Processed product 28 Intermediate compressed body 30 Molded product 32 Piston 34 Compression chamber 36 Discharge port for taking out molded product 42 Processed product 44 Processed product supply port 46 Compression chamber 48 Exhaust hole 50 Exhaust port 52 Piston 54 Outside of processed product in air transport Cylinder 56 Molding chamber 58a, 58b, 58c, 58d, 58e Compressed body 60 Outlet 72 for taking out molded body 72, 74 Molding chamber 76, 78 Molded body 80, 82 Outlet 84, 86 for taking out molded body Piston 88 Processed material 90, 92 Supply port of processed material 94 Air discharge pipe 100 Outer cylinder provided with supply port of processed material and air discharge pipe 102 Partition wall Discharge chamber 108a of the supply chamber 106 air 04 treated, 108b, 108c, 108d, 108e,
110a, 110b, 110c, 110d, 110e
Compressed body 112 Exhaust hole 122 Organic solid substance 124 Yard 126 Transfer conveyor 128 Crusher 130 Transfer conveyor 132 Hopper 134 Transport line 136 Blower 138 Compression molding machine 140 Mold 152, 154 Molding chamber 156, 158 Exit 160 for taking out molded body 162 Piston 164, 166, 168, 170, 172 Process supply port 174 Air discharge pipe 176 External cylinder provided with process supply port and air discharge pipe 178, 180, 182, 184, 186 Compression chamber

 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Hiroaki Moezuka 1 Kokufu-cho, Tochigi City, Tochigi Mitsui Mining Co., Ltd. F-term (reference) 4F201 AA50 AH81 BA06 BC01 BC02 BC12 BC25 BC37 BD10 BQ09 BQ21 4F213 AA50 AG02 WA06 WA22 WA54 WA63 WB02 4F301 AA11 AA21 BA21 BF12 BF16 BF17 BF31

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A compression molding of an organic solid substance is press-fitted from one end of a molding chamber using a cylindrical molding chamber whose both ends are opened and maintained at a predetermined temperature, and a plurality of compression bodies are held in the molding chamber. A method of molding an organic solid substance, wherein a part of the outer surface of the compressed body is fused or pressed to form a molded body, and the molded body is discharged from the other end of the molding chamber. 2. A cylindrical compression chamber having a piston that enters and exits the chamber from one end, wherein the other end of the compression chamber and one end of the molding chamber are connected to each other, and the organic solid material filled in the compression chamber is removed. The method for molding an organic solid substance according to claim 1, wherein the compression is performed to form a single compressed body and press-fit the molded body into a molding chamber. 3. The method for molding an organic solid substance according to claim 2, wherein the organic solid substance is filled into the compression chamber by pneumatic transportation. 4. A cylindrical compression chamber provided with a piston that enters and exits the chamber from one end, and a cylindrical molding chamber that is open at both ends and is maintained at a predetermined temperature. An apparatus for molding an organic solid substance, wherein one end of a chamber is continuously provided. 5. The organic solid substance according to claim 4, wherein the compression chamber has a supply port for receiving the organic solid substance supplied by pneumatic transportation, and an exhaust hole for discharging air to the outside. Molding equipment. 6. A molded article of an organic solid substance molded by the method according to claim 1. 7. A molded body of an organic solid substance molded by the apparatus according to claim 4.