JP2001205040A - Disinfection/deodorization apparatus for waste gas - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a disinfection/deodorization apparatus for waste gases containing organic matter-based malodorous and offensive components of such as garbage, food wastes, excrement of livestock and pets, and the like. SOLUTION: This disinfection/deodorization apparatus comprises a biofilter chamber provided with an intake for taking in waste gases containing organic matter-based malodorous and offensive components and a biofilter made of an adsorbent adsorbing malodor-decomposable microorganism and a photocatalytic filter chamber provided with an intake for taking in the waste gases passed through the biofilter chamber, a photocatalytic filter bearing a photolysis catalyst and an ultraviolet radiation means, and both chambers are combined back and forth.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a garbage disposal apparatus,
Sterilization and deodorization equipment for exhaust air for sterilization and deodorization by passing exhaust air containing ammonia odor, putrefaction odor and other organic odors and foul odors generated from compost production equipment, waste disposal equipment, storage equipment for food waste, etc. About.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In maintaining daily social activities,
Garbage, excrement of livestock and pets, food waste, etc. (hereinafter also referred to as organic waste) are inevitably generated,
It is extremely important that the disposal be done economically and reliably.

[0003] Such treatment of organic wastes is left over by local governments such as municipalities, and if it can be treated in each house, it leads to effective use of social capital. In addition, such organic wastes can be converted into compost and high-quality organic fertilizers, and the use of compost and garbage disposal equipment is also recommended in small-scale establishments such as ordinary households and shops. I have.

[0004] Such compost and garbage disposal equipment are used in the vicinity of the place where organic wastes are generated. Therefore, in consideration of the advantage that the transportation cost and the labor of the operator can be reduced, a high-quality organic fertilizer can be obtained, and the organic fertilizer can be consumed in gardening, vegetable gardens, and the like. However, a problem of such a treatment is that there is a high possibility that an odor or an unpleasant odor is diffused to the surroundings as the organic matter is fermented or aged during the treatment.

[0005] Not limited to this type of compost and garbage disposal equipment, the sources of exhaust containing organic odorous and odorous components including other composting equipment, waste disposal equipment, storage equipment for food waste, etc. In addition, it will cause discomfort to the surroundings, and appropriate measures are required to prevent the adverse effects and spread garbage disposal.

[0006] In this type of organic waste treatment equipment, not only odors but also bacteria and bacteria such as fungi and Escherichia coli.
There is also concern about the proliferation and spread of bacteria, and measures need to be taken.

[0007]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention solves the above problems and sterilizes and removes exhaust gas containing organic odor and odor components such as garbage, food waste, and excrement of livestock and pets.
It is an object to provide a deodorizing device.

[0008]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a biological filter 12 which is provided with an intake 14 for exhaust gases containing an organic malodorous / odorous component and is made of an adsorbent to which odor-decomposing microorganisms are adsorbed. A biological filter chamber 10 and a photocatalyst filter chamber 20 having an intake section for taking in the exhaust gas passing through the biological filter chamber 10, and a photocatalyst filter 22 to which a photocatalyst is attached and a photocatalyst filter chamber 20 in which ultraviolet irradiation means 24 are arranged are combined in front and rear. It is solved by the exhaust gas sterilization and deodorization device.

Further, an ozone shower chamber 30 is added to the exhaust gas discharged from the biological filter chamber 10 or the photocatalyst filter chamber 20 according to the present invention, so that an ozone water shower 32 is provided to further enhance the sterilizing effect. it can.

In this case, the biological (bio) filter 12
Is obtained by adsorbing odor-decomposing microorganisms to a porous substance, for example, a porous ceramic, a natural zeolite, an artificial zeolite, a plastic mesh material, a plastic felt, or the like. Since the type of the odor-decomposing microorganisms varies depending on the malodorous / off-odor components to be treated, it is desirable to appropriately select and employ from among many microorganisms. In addition, since many of these microorganisms do not like drying, the showers are constantly or appropriately operated with water or hot water from the upper side, and steam is generated from the lower side. Need to be retained.

When the main photocatalyst forming the photocatalyst filter 22 is excited by irradiation of sunlight or ultraviolet light,
Generates active oxygen and causes strong oxidation / reduction reactions, which leads to antibacterial, antiviral, deodorant, decomposition of fouling organic matter, NO in air
It performs functions such as decomposition of X. As such a photocatalyst, titanium oxide (TiO ₂ ) can be preferably used,
The present invention is not limited to this, and various materials having the same function can be used in the present invention.

As the filter 22 to which the photocatalyst has been attached, a titanium oxide solution is spray-attached to a metal mesh or a mesh such as a natural fiber or a synthetic fiber, and a heat curing treatment or the like is performed. Things can be used. In consideration of durability and the like, it is desirable to use a metal mesh, particularly a stainless steel wire mesh. Note that titanium oxide is also called titanium white, and serves as a white pigment for paints and plastics.

It is desirable that the ultraviolet irradiation means 24 generate ultraviolet light having a wavelength suitable for exciting the above-mentioned photocatalyst without generating a large amount of heat. As such an ultraviolet ray generating means, there is known a low pressure mercury lamp which generates ultraviolet rays of a desired wavelength directly by utilizing discharge in low pressure mercury vapor or through a conversion action by a fluorescent substance.

In this case, the configuration of the components such as the dimensions and the number of stages of the filters 12 and 22 and the number of the filter chambers 10 and 20 installed are determined by the type of processing target of the applicable equipment and the processing capacity. It is desirable to set in consideration of the installation location.

The apparatus for sterilizing and deodorizing exhaust gases according to the present invention is formed so as to be easily applicable to various organic exhaust gas generating facilities such as compost and garbage processing equipment. Therefore, the exhaust including the organic odor and the unpleasant odor which is discharged from the various kinds of equipment is discharged from the biological (bio) filter 1.
2 and the action of deodorization, sterilization, antibacterial, anti-virus, and the like due to the photocatalyst excited by the ultraviolet rays is superimposed and received.

Therefore, the odor contained in the passing exhaust gas
Off-flavors and the like are decomposed and / or deodorized, and further exert effects such as an antibacterial and bactericidal action against Escherichia coli and other bacteria, and an antifungal and decomposing action against fungi and bacteria. In addition,
Regarding the effects such as the antibacterial and bactericidal actions and the antifungal and decomposing actions against molds and bacteria as shown here, the well-known method of using an ozone atmosphere together and the exhaust gas treated beforehand are treated with ozone water. The combined use of a method of passing through a shower or the like can further enhance the effects of antibacterial and sterilization.

As a result of obtaining such effects, the apparatus for sterilizing and deodorizing exhaust gases according to the present invention contributes to air purification at the place where various facilities generating exhaust including the above-mentioned odors and odors are used. As a result, a desirable environment can be obtained in all aspects such as mental, health, and hygiene.

[0018]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional configuration diagram showing a configuration example of a sterilization / deodorization device for exhaust gases according to the present invention. The present disinfection / deodorization apparatus is provided with a biological (bio) filter chamber 10 to which odor-decomposing microorganisms are adsorbed and a photocatalyst filter chamber 20 formed of a mesh to which a photocatalyst is attached. The passed exhaust gas is configured to pass through the photocatalyst filter chamber 20.

Inside the biological filter chamber 10, five stages of biological filters 12 are provided. This biological filter 12
Is a material in which odor-decomposing microorganisms are adsorbed on a porous appropriate material, for example, artificial ceramic, natural zeolite, artificial zeolite, plastic mesh, felt made of plastic fiber, etc., and stored in a filter frame made of plastic or metal. It can be formed as

Although the number of stages of the biological filter 12 is five for convenience of explanation, in an actual apparatus, it is determined in consideration of the type, concentration, processing capacity, and the like of the odor to be sterilized and deodorized. Should be. It is also necessary to appropriately change the type of microorganism to be adsorbed, its adsorption density, and the like.

An exhaust intake 14 is provided at the lower end of the biological filter chamber 10, and exhaust containing odor to be sterilized and deodorized is introduced into the biological filter chamber by a blower 16 for pushing. The exhaust gas thus introduced into the biological filter chamber 10 rises upward from the lowermost side. In the meantime, the components of the exhaust gas that cause malodor / odor are decomposed by the odor-decomposing microorganisms of each biological filter 12.
Here, the flow of the exhaust gas to be processed is configured to flow upward from below, but the flow direction may be downward from above or horizontal.

At the ceiling of the biological filter chamber 10, two spraying means (showers) 18 for spraying water or hot water intermittently at regular intervals or constantly in small amounts are provided. This spray means 18 prevents drying of the odor-decomposing microorganisms,
It is necessary to maintain the activity of the microorganism for a long time. Therefore, necessary components can be added to the liquid sprayed by the spraying means according to the type of microorganism. In this case, it is necessary to provide a drainage device at the bottom of the biological filter chamber 10.

The photocatalyst filter chamber 20 has a photocatalyst filter 22 having a photocatalyst attached thereto and an ultraviolet irradiation means 24.
Are alternately arranged. In this embodiment, four stages of photocatalyst filters 22 and two ultraviolet generating units 24 are alternately arranged between the filters in this embodiment. The number of installation stages and the number of installations can be appropriately changed depending on the type of components contained in the exhaust gas, the use / capacity (flow volume), and the like.

In this embodiment, the photocatalyst filter 22 is formed by spraying a titanium oxide (TiO ₂ ) solution onto a stainless steel wire mesh and drying and curing the same. However, the photocatalyst filter is not limited to a wire mesh, and may be a strong plastic mesh such as nylon fiber or Kevlar fiber, both of which are trademarks. Although there is some problem in durability, a mesh of natural fibers can be used as a photocatalytic filter.

In any case, since the photocatalyst itself merely acts as a catalyst, it can be used for a long time.
However, since dust in the air flow adheres, it is desirable that the dust can be cleaned while being mounted in the photocatalyst filter chamber 20 or removed as needed, and can be cleaned or cleaned by air blowing (air blowing).

The ultraviolet irradiation means 24 has a structure similar to that of a straight tube fluorescent lamp, and generates ultraviolet light of a desired wavelength with little heat in the exhaust gas sterilizing / deodorizing apparatus according to the present invention. A mercury lamp (hereinafter abbreviated as an ultraviolet lamp) was employed. The ultraviolet lamp has a configuration similar to that of a fluorescent lamp, and generates ultraviolet rays generated at the time of discharge in mercury vapor directly or through a fluorescent substance that generates ultraviolet rays of a desired wavelength using the ultraviolet rays as a stimulating ray.

The photocatalyst filter chamber 20 has a structure in which exhaust gas passing through the biological filter chamber 10 is taken in from above, and sterilized and deodorized while flowing downward from the top. The exhaust gas that has been sterilized in the photocatalyst filter chamber 20 is exhausted to the outside through an exhaust outlet 26 below. In addition, a suction blower 28 is provided inside the exhaust outlet 26, and the blower 16 on the biological filter chamber 10 side is provided.
It is desirable to operate in synchronism with the above and to control the flow rate to a desired value. Here, the flow of the exhaust gas to be processed is configured to flow from above to below. However, the flow direction may be a horizontal direction from below to above, left, right, or right and left.

In the configuration example shown in FIG.
The photocatalyst filter chamber 20 has a two-stage structure, and the deodorizing action is mainly performed by the former, and the sterilizing action is mainly performed by the latter. Therefore, the order of the two filters 10 and 20 may be changed.

Further, as shown in FIG. 2A, the biological filter chambers 10 and 10 'are arranged at both ends, and the photocatalytic filter chamber 20 is placed at the center, or as shown in FIG. May be arranged at both ends as a plurality of chambers, and the biological filter chambers 10 may be arranged in a sandwich of photocatalytic filters.

Further, as shown in FIG. 3, an ozone shower chamber is provided as an additional processing chamber 30 for the exhaust gas discharged from the final filter chamber of FIGS. It can also be generated, and the shower bath can supplement the sterilizing action of the exhaust.

Although the ozone water shower chamber can be disposed in the photocatalyst filter chamber 20, the ozone water does not scatter into the biological filter chamber 10 so as not to adversely affect the microorganisms adsorbed on the biological filter 12. It is necessary to In this case, it is necessary to provide a drainage device at the bottom of the additional processing chamber 30 and at the bottom of the photocatalytic filter chamber 20.

[0032]

The exhaust gas sterilizing and deodorizing apparatus according to the present invention is formed so as to be easily applicable to various organic exhaust gas generating facilities such as composting and garbage processing equipment. Therefore, according to the apparatus of the present invention, the microorganisms adsorbed on the biological (bio) filter perform an odor eliminating action on the exhaust containing the organic odor and the off-flavor emitted from the various facilities. In addition, the photocatalyst excited by the ultraviolet rays performs actions such as deodorization, sterilization, antibacterial and antivirus.

Further, as a result of expecting such a sterilizing / deodorizing action, various kinds of organic exhaust gas generating equipment such as compost and garbage disposal equipment can be easily used, and garbage, excrement of livestock and pets can be obtained. Self-processing such as is possible. Since such simple organic waste treatment is possible, the amount of garbage and the like treated by municipalities such as garbage is reduced, and the effect of promoting the production of organic fertilizer effective for soil improvement is obtained.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side sectional view showing a configuration example of a sterilizing / deodorizing apparatus for exhaust gas according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing another configuration example of the exhaust gas sterilizing / deodorizing apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing still another configuration example of the exhaust gas sterilizing / deodorizing apparatus according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Biological (bio) filter room 12 Biological filter 14 Exhaust intake 16 Blower (push-in) 18 Shower Ozone shower room 18 20 Photocatalytic filter room 22 Photocatalytic filter 24 Ultraviolet irradiation means 26 Exhaust discharge port 28 Blower (suction) 30 Additional processing chamber (Ozone shower room) 32 Ozone water shower

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI theme coat ゛ (Reference) B01D 53/86 B01D 53/36 JHF Term (Reference) 4C058 AA27 BB02 BB06 BB09 CC08 EE26 JJ30 4C080 AA07 AA10 BB02 BB05 CC04 CC08 CC13 CC14 CC15 KK08 MM02 MM08 MM33 QQ11 4D002 AA13 AA40 AB02 BA02 BA04 BA05 BA07 BA09 BA17 BA20 CA07 DA11 DA21 DA35 DA45 DA51 EA07 EA09 GA03 GB01 HA01 4D048 AA22 AB03 BA07X BA07 CD41 CD41 CC01 CD

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A biological filter room provided with an intake for exhaust gases containing organic malodorous / off-flavor components and the like, and a biological filter room having a biological filter made of an adsorbent to which odor-decomposing microorganisms are adsorbed, and passing through the biological filter room A sterilizing / deodorizing apparatus for exhaust gases, comprising: a front-rear combination of a photocatalyst filter to which a photocatalyst is attached and a photocatalyst filter chamber in which an ultraviolet irradiation means is disposed, the intake section for taking in the exhaust air. 2. The apparatus for sterilizing / deodorizing exhaust gases according to claim 1, wherein the photocatalyst is titanium oxide. 3. The apparatus for sterilizing and deodorizing exhaust gases according to claim 1, wherein said ultraviolet ray generating means is a low-pressure mercury discharge lamp. 4. An ozone water shower is provided by adding an ozone shower chamber to exhaust gas discharged from the biological filter chamber or the photocatalytic filter chamber. Exhaust sterilization and deodorization equipment.