JP2001295775A - High pressure compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a high pressure generating method having a high efficiency comparing with a conventional compression mechanism having a fluid resistance, and a high efficiency compressor using it by utilizing shock compression in a subsonic zone formed after a shock wave surface. SOLUTION: The compressor is composed of a casing 10, a rotor 14 enclosing the casing 10, a low pressure intake part 20, and a high pressure delivery part 21. Protrusion parts 19 are disposed on an outer periphery of the rotary member 16 of the rotor 14, and are supersonically rotated in a cylindrical air tightness container 13 so as to generate shock wave.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a high-pressure compressor for a gas or medium used in the field of compressing and pumping gas, the field of refrigeration for compressing refrigerant gas, and the field of compressing other gases.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a compressor, a centrifugal type using kinetic energy and a capacity type changing a gas volume are known, but there is no compressor using a shock wave. Some of those that use a shock wave as a compression mechanism are called ramjet engines in supersonic aircraft.

In the case of the conventional compressor described above, the positive displacement type mechanically reduces the volume in a gas-tight manner and compresses the built-in compression medium. It is necessary to have a compressed medium passage that is kept airtight through the process to the discharge process.To achieve this, a compression mechanism that is incorporated with high dimensional accuracy is required. There is a problem of lubricating oil for the part.

A centrifugal compressor is generally used under the condition that the volume flow rate is large and the compression ratio per stage is small. However, since there is no airtight sliding portion, the problem of refueling is small. Care must be taken for high-speed rotation, and there is a problem of surging.

It is said that the efficiency at present is approximately 70% or less and the value is close to the limit in either the above-mentioned displacement type compressor or centrifugal type compressor. This is believed to be due primarily to fluid resistance losses.

[0006] A compressor of a type different from the above-mentioned conventional one has been proposed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 61-40491. As shown in FIGS. 8 (A) and 8 (B), the above-mentioned proposal enables a high-speed rotation above the sound speed through a fixed casing cover 55 and a bearing 60 in the casing cover 55, and a low pressure A hollow wheel-shaped casing 52 having gas suction portions 54a and 54b, and a plurality of fixed projection-shaped intake ports 53, 53, 53, 5 incorporated in the casing;
And a vane-like container 51 having a high-pressure gas discharge passage 61 coaxially fixed in the low-pressure gas suction portion 54b on the right end shaft.

[0007] The above-mentioned protruding intake port 53 is provided in FIG.
(B) the hollow wheel-shaped casing 5 as seen in FIG.
2 has a structure in which a narrow gap 62 is formed between the outermost inner wall. With the above-described configuration, a negative pressure is generated in the hollow wheel-shaped casing 52 that rotates at a high speed equal to or higher than the sound speed in the direction of arrow A via the drive motor 59, the belt 58, and the pulley 57, and the gas is discharged from the low-pressure gas suction portions 54a and 54b. The inhaled and inhaled gas moves at high speed along the outer peripheral inner wall in the casing, and generates a shock wave by a narrow gap 62 formed between the gas and the top of the intake port 53, and is thus guided to the intake port 53. The compressed gas is compressed and discharged from the high-pressure gas discharge path 61 as a high-pressure gas. In the above proposal, the rotation of the hollow wheel-shaped casing above the speed of sound is understood, but at the top of the fixed protruding intake port,
The process of gas compression formation by shock waves is not clear.

[0008]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, the present invention fundamentally examines the structure of a shock wave, and utilizes a shock compression formed with the generation of a shock wave to provide an idea of a conventional compression mechanism with fluid resistance. It is an object of the present invention to provide a high-efficiency high-pressure compressor different from the above.

[0009]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is directed to a mode of generating a shock wave generated by a projection having a top surface formed in a flat rectangular, trapezoidal or wedge-like shape placed in a supersonic airflow parallel to a wall. And a mode of generating a shock compression air space formed when the shock wave is incident on a wall.

For this purpose, a shock wave is generated by a projection whose top surface is formed as a plane square, trapezoid, polygon, or wedge as a means for generating the shock wave, the surface being provided on a rotating body rotating at a speed higher than the speed of sound. It is necessary to provide a means for allowing the rotating body to be incident on the wall surface of the container facing the rotating body and enabling effective use of the impact compression air space at the incidence point.

That is, according to the present invention, a plurality of protrusions having a plurality of flat top surfaces formed in a square, trapezoidal, polygonal, or wedge shape are disposed on the outer periphery of a rotating body rotating at a speed of sound or more, and the protrusion base is provided. The gist is to provide a low-pressure intake section provided in the vicinity, and to provide a high-pressure discharge section in a shock compression air space formed on a fixed container wall surface facing the shock wave generated from the projection, and particularly as the shock wave generating means A rotating body that rotates at a peripheral speed of a plurality of two-dimensional or three-dimensional protrusions having a plurality of flat surfaces formed in a planar square, trapezoid, polygon, or wedge shape, and on or in the protrusion A shock wave is generated from the surface of the rotating body in front, and a shock compression air space is formed near the point of incidence of the shock wave on the wall surface of the stationary container facing the shock wave. The base of the projection provided on the rotating body has a low-pressure portion formed on the wall surface side. High pressure part is formed Because, in the low pressure portion of the projection base portion near it is obtained as the low-pressure gas low pressure inlet portion provided for supplying, providing the high pressure discharge portion of the high-pressure gas discharge in the high pressure portion of the near-wall.

The rotating body, fixed container, low-pressure intake section and high-pressure exhaust section of the present invention are configured as follows. That is, the rotator has a flat rectangular top surface,
A trapezoidal, polygonal or wedge-shaped projection is mounted on a cylindrical surface, and a disk-shaped frame surface having an integral structure is provided on both axial end surfaces thereof to form a thread-wound structure. A plurality of inlets are provided near the base of the protrusion in a small diameter portion of the surface, and a plurality of outlets for discharging high pressure gas generated by the shock wave are provided in a large diameter portion of the other side frame surface, The fixed container is constituted by a cylindrical container, two right-angled partition plates are arranged to form a cylindrical airtight container in the center, and an outer opening is provided on both sides. The shock-absorbing part is rotatably accommodated in the cylindrical inner wall of the hermetic container to form a shock compression air space due to the shock wave, and the low-pressure intake section is provided on one side of a thread-wound structure accommodated in the cylindrical hermetic container. Multiple on the small diameter part of the surface An annular opening communicating with the air port is provided on one partition plate in contact with the frame surface to be formed on one side of an outer opening of the cylindrical container, and the high-pressure discharge unit is provided on the cylindrical airtight container. An annular opening communicating with a plurality of exhaust ports provided on the large diameter portion of the other side frame surface of the spool-shaped structure to be stored in the spool is provided on the other partition plate in contact with the frame surface,
The cylindrical container is formed on the other side of the outer opening.

The rotating body may be a square or trapezoid having a flat top surface.
A polygonal or wedge-shaped projection is mounted on a cylindrical surface, and a disk-shaped frame surface having an integral structure is provided on both end surfaces in the axial direction to form a thread-wound structure. Because the frame surface of the thread-wound structure is housed in a cylindrical airtight container formed by an inner wall and two partition plates and the frame surface of the thread-wound structure is slidably and rotatably held by the partition plates, the held frame body has a sound speed or higher. By rotating at a rotational speed of, a shock wave can be easily generated in the cylindrical airtight container by the projection provided on the cylindrical surface of the structure.

A plurality of external air intake ports are provided at a small diameter portion near the base of the projection on one frame surface of the thread-wound structure, and the cylindrical airtight container is slidably contacted with the frame surface. Since one of the partition plates is provided with a concentric annular opening so as to communicate with the plurality of suction ports, a low-pressure intake portion can be formed at the outside opening outside the partition plate.

[0015] Further, a plurality of outlets to the outside are provided at a large diameter portion near the point of incidence of the shock wave on the other frame surface of the thread-wound structure, and the cylindrical airtight container is slidably contacted with the frame surface. The other partition plate is provided with a concentric annular opening so as to communicate with the plurality of outlets, so that a high-pressure discharge portion can be formed in the outer opening outside the partition plate.

As described above, the low-pressure intake section, the rotating body,
The compressor of the present invention is formed by a cylindrical hermetic container containing a rotating body and a high-pressure discharge section, and can suction from a low-pressure intake section and discharge high-pressure gas from a high-pressure discharge section. The number of the inlets and the number of the protrusions may be one-to-one or one-two or more. In particular, in the case of the above-described one-to-two correspondence, the impact compression air space formed on the inner wall of the cylindrical airtight container can be formed in a flat shape, and the compression efficiency can be improved.

[0017]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below in detail with reference to an embodiment shown in the drawings. However, the dimensions, materials, shapes, relative arrangements, and the like of the components described in this embodiment are not merely intended to limit the scope of the present invention, but are merely illustrative examples unless otherwise specified. Absent.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a compressor according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a rotating body incorporated in FIG. As shown in FIG. 1, a compressor of the present invention includes a casing 10 and a rotating body 1 incorporated in the casing 10.
4 and a low-pressure intake section 20 and a high-pressure discharge section 21.

As shown in FIG. 2, the rotary body 14 has a thread-wound structure integrally formed by a rotary member 16 forming a cylindrical surface and disk-shaped frame surfaces 17a and 17b at both ends of the member. It is. A casing 10 to be described later is formed by rotating shafts 15, 15 protruding above the shaft center from both ends of the structure.
Bearing members 15a provided on the partition plates 12a, 12b,
It is rotatably housed in the cylindrical airtight container 13 via 15a.

The casing 10 is composed of a cylindrical container. A cylindrical airtight container 13 is formed at the center by the cylindrical inner wall 11 and the partition plates 12a and 12b, and the sliding contact with the frame surfaces 17a and 17b on both sides of the rotating body 14 is made. Built-in rotatable,
As described above, the driving member (not shown) is rotated via the bearing members 15a and 15a provided on the partition plates 12a and 12b, and the peripheral speed of the rotating member 16 constituting the rotating body 14 is rotated at a supersonic speed. It is.

As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG.
On the outer periphery of the rotating member 16 forming the cylindrical surface of No. 4, protrusions 19a having a two-dimensional form parallel to the axial direction are arranged, and a small diameter portion of the frame surface 17a corresponding to a portion near the base of the protrusion 19a. Are provided at the large diameter portion corresponding to the outer peripheral portion of the frame surface 17b.

FIG. 3A is a view taken along the line IIIA-IIIA of FIG. 2 and shows the relative position between the projection 19 and the intake port 18a. FIG. 3B is a view taken along the line IIIB-IIIB in FIG. 2, and shows a relative position between the protrusion 19 and the exhaust port 18b. The relationship between the number of the intake ports 18a and the number of the projections 19a is not limited to the one-to-one correspondence in which one projection corresponds to one intake port shown in FIG. 4) may be used, and as shown in FIG.
As compared with the pressure distribution A in the case of one-to-one correspondence, the pressure distribution B in the case where two projections are made to correspond to one intake port is flatter and has a better impact compression air space due to the high pressure distribution. The formation of was observed experimentally.

The discharge ports 18b are formed in a high-pressure generating section 23a in a shock compression air space caused by an oblique shock wave generated by a projection 19a described later, as shown in FIG. Further, the projection 19 may have a three-dimensional shape.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 1, the partition plates 12a, 12b slidingly contacting the frame surfaces 17a, 17b of the rotating body 14.
b are provided with annular openings 20a, 21a communicating with the intake ports 18a, and the exhaust ports 18b, respectively. The annular openings 20a, 21a, the intake ports 18a,. 18b... Are flowable. Then, after the low-pressure intake section 20 takes in outside air through the intake pipe 20b, the outside air flows into the annular opening 20a and the intake ports 18a of the rotating body 14 during supersonic rotation.
Is introduced into the cylindrical airtight container 13 through the outside, and the introduced outside air is converted from a low pressure to a high pressure.
8b... And the high-pressure discharge section 21 through the annular opening 21a.

As shown in FIGS. 6A, 6B, and 6C, on the outer periphery of the cylindrical rotating member 16 of the rotating body 14, for example, a square rectangular shape 19b having a flat top surface, a wedge shape 19a, a two-dimensional shape having a trapezoidal or polygonal shape having a flat top surface 19d or a three-dimensionally shaped projection 19 (not shown) is formed into a polygonal shape by forming the tip of the wedge-shaped projection 19a into a plane. Is also possible. The projections of these shapes are 19a ...
Are arranged at appropriate intervals. As shown in FIG. 5, for example, in the case of the wedge-shaped projection 19a, when the projection is moved in the direction of the arrow at the supersonic speed M, depending on the thickness of the boundary layer, the oblique shock wave is moved from the position separated from the tip of the wedge-shaped projection 19a. 2
2 occurs.

The oblique shock wave 22 is incident on the cylindrical inner wall 11 of the cylindrical airtight container 13 at the opposite position to form an impact compression space near the point of incidence and reflect the reflected shock wave 23. The generating part 23a is formed. That is, the discharge port 18b is connected to the high pressure generating section 23.
If provided at a, high pressure gas can be taken out.

FIG. 7 shows the results of a simulation test on impact compression according to the present invention. As shown in the figure, when the projection 19 uses a square projection 19b having a flat top portion 190 and placed under a supersonic speed of M = 2, three times higher pressure could be obtained. It should be noted that multistage compression can be easily performed by incorporating the low-pressure intake section, the rotating body, and the high-pressure discharge section of the present invention coaxially in a multiple series.

[0028]

According to the above configuration, the shock compression of the shock wave is utilized, so that a high efficiency compressor can be provided as compared with the conventional compressor using the conventional compression mechanism with fluid resistance.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a compressor of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a rotating body incorporated in FIG. 1;

3A and 3B are diagrams showing a relational position between a protrusion provided on a rotating body of FIG. 1 and an intake port and an exhaust port. FIG.
FIG. 3A shows a case where one protrusion is arranged corresponding to one intake port in the A view, and FIG. 3B is a IIIB-IIIB view in FIG. 2.

FIG. 4A is a view showing another embodiment of FIG. 2A (showing a case where two protrusions are arranged corresponding to one intake port);
(B) is a comparison diagram showing the state of pressure distribution when one projection is made to correspond to one intake port and when two projections are made to correspond.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a state of generation of oblique shock waves and reflected shock waves when the rotating body shown in FIG. 2 is rotated at supersonic speed.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a two-dimensional shape of various projections provided on the rotating body of FIG. 2;

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a result of a simulation test on impact compression of the present invention using a square projection having a flat top.

8A and 8B are diagrams showing a schematic configuration of a conventional compressor using supersonic rotation, in which FIG. 8A is a cross-sectional view as viewed from a side, and FIG. 8B is a cross-sectional view as viewed from the front.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Casing 11 Cylindrical inner wall 12a, 12b Partition plate 13 Cylindrical airtight container 14 Rotating body 15a, 15b Bearing member 16 Rotating member 17a, 17b Frame surface 18a Inlet port 18b Outlet port 19a, 19b19d Projection section 20 Low pressure suction section 21 High pressure discharge section 22 Oblique shock wave 23 Reflected shock wave

 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Junji Matsuda 2-3-1, Botan, Koto-ku, Tokyo Inside Maekawa Corporation

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A plurality of projections are provided on the outer periphery of a rotating body that rotates at a speed of sound or higher, a low-pressure intake section is provided near a base of the projections, and a fixed surface is opposed by oblique shock waves generated from the projections. A high-pressure compressor, wherein a high-pressure discharge portion is provided in an impact compression space formed on a wall surface of a container, and the projection is formed in a square, trapezoidal, polygonal, or wedge-shaped top surface. 2. A rotating body having a cylindrical surface, a trapezoidal shape, a polygonal shape or a wedge-shaped projection having a flat top surface mounted on a cylindrical surface, and a disk-shaped integral structure formed on both end surfaces in the axial direction. A frame surface is provided to form a thread-wound structure, and a plurality of air inlets are provided near a base of the protrusion at a small diameter portion of the one side frame surface, and generated by the shock wave at a large diameter portion of the other side frame surface. The fixed container is constituted by a cylindrical container, and two right-angled partition plates are disposed inside to form a cylindrical airtight container in the center. A configuration having outer openings on both sides thereof, wherein the cylindrical airtight container is rotatably accommodated in the thread-wound structure, and a compression inner space is formed on the inner wall of the airtight container by the shock wave. The low-pressure intake section is housed in a cylindrical airtight container. An annular opening communicating with a plurality of intake ports provided in a small-diameter portion of one side frame surface of the bobbin-shaped structure is provided in one partition plate in contact with the frame surface, and an outer opening of the cylindrical container is provided. The high-pressure discharge portion has an annular opening communicating with a plurality of exhaust ports provided at a large-diameter portion of the other side frame surface of the spool-shaped structure housed in the cylindrical airtight container. 2. The high-pressure compressor according to claim 1, wherein the high-pressure compressor is provided on a partition plate on the other side that is in contact with a surface, and is formed on the other side of the outer opening of the cylindrical container.