JP2001295395A - Wall structure - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Problem] To provide a wall structure having good assembling workability and excellent fire resistance. SOLUTION: An outer wall material (wall material) 2, 2 and an inner wall material (wall material) 3, 3 are abutted on the surface of a vertical frame (wall base bar) 11, and the width of the vertical frame 11 is larger than 38 mm. 20
A ceramic sheet (a noncombustible material sheet) 5 having a width of 58 mm and a width of 58 mm is provided between the vertical frame 11 and the outer wall material 2 and the inner wall material 3. A heat insulating material 4 is filled along the outer wall material 2 and the inner wall material 3, and the ceramic sheet 5 is fixed to the vertical frame 11 by a tucker so as to straddle the vertical frame 11. Insulation material 4 10mm each on both sides
Is in contact with

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a wall structure which can be suitably used for a fireproof outer wall, a fireproof partition wall, a fireproof outer wall, and the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art At present, a fire protection area or a quasi-fire protection area is designated, and a building built in this fire proof area or a quasi-fire protection area is required to have good fire resistance and fire protection performance like a fire-resistant building or a fire protection building. Have been. In addition, there is a strong demand for a fire-resistant and fire-resistant building that is resistant to fire even in areas other than the fire protection area and the semi-fire prevention area.

[0003] For this purpose, various non-combustible and semi-combustible wall materials that can be used for buildings requiring fire resistance and fire prevention performance have been developed, and these wall materials are attached to pillars, studs, and hulls, which are the base of the wall. Many structural buildings are built. Also,
In order to speed up the construction of the building, many buildings have adopted wall panels (wall structures) in which wall materials are attached to both sides of a wall frame which is a base wall of the wall, as outer walls and partition walls of the building.
Various fireproof outer wall panels, fireproof partition wall panels, and the like with improved fireproof performance and fireproof performance of these outer wall panels and partition wall panels have been proposed.

The fire resistance and fire prevention performance of these wall structures require that the wall materials have good fire resistance and fire prevention performance.
It is also important that the basement of the wall does not become hot. For example,
When the wall base bar is made of wood, the temperature at which the strength rapidly decreases due to carbonization or ignition at a high temperature is 450 ° C. Further, even when the wall base bar is made of iron, the mechanical strength rapidly decreases at high temperatures. For example, JIS-A
-1304 In the steel structure specified in the “Fire resistance test method for building structural parts”, the iron material of the structural material such as columns and beams is 450 ° C or less,
It is specified that iron materials that are not structural materials have a temperature of 500 ° C. or less. In other words, at the time of fire,
Keeping the temperature inside the wall structure below 450 ° C for a long time,
It is important for evacuation and fire spread prevention.

[0005] In the event of a fire, cloth products such as curtains and wooden products such as desks and chests are usually present near the wall surface opposite to the wall surface heated by the flame. It is important that the temperature of the opposite wall does not rise as the opposite wall surface is heated and the cloth or wood product is ignited or ignited and ignited and the fire spreads.

As a wall structure that satisfies these requirements, for example, there is a “fire-resistant gypsum board partition wall” described in Japanese Utility Model Application Laid-Open No. 56-57314. This technology is based on the provision of a joint cement layer with glass fiber cloth or glass fiber paper interposed between the iron frame and the wall material made of fire-resistant gypsum board provided on both sides of the iron frame, which is the base of the wall. Another object of the present invention is to reduce the heat transfer between the wall material and the iron frame and to suppress the temperature rise on the back surface of the iron frame and the partition wall.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

However, the wall structure described in the above publication is
There has been a problem that the structure of the joint cement layer provided between the wall material and the iron frame is complicated, and the assembly workability is poor due to the wet construction method using cement.

Further, in the event of a fire, as shown in FIG. 5, the wall material 2 fixed to the wall base bar 11 contracts or warps when the temperature rises due to the flame, and the wall member 2 adheres to the surface of the wall base bar 11. A gap occurs between the butted wall materials 2 and 2,
The flame 6 enters the inside of the wall from the gap, and the temperature inside the wall structure or the temperature of the wall opposite to the wall heated by the flame may rise rapidly.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and has as its object to provide a wall structure which has good assembling workability and excellent fire resistance.

[0010]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a wall structure in which wall materials are abutted against each other on a surface of a wall base bar and fixed to the wall base bar. The wall structure is characterized in that a noncombustible sheet having a width equal to or larger than the width of the base beam is provided between the wall base material where the wall materials abut against each other and the wall materials.

The wall structure according to the present invention may be a structure such as a pillar or stud made of metal such as wood or shaped steel, a rim of the body, or the like. A wall frame may be formed from a steel material such as a rectangular wooden bar or a square pipe to form a wall base bar, and a wall material may be attached to both sides.

In the present invention, the effect of the non-combustible material sheet is as long as the width is equal to or larger than the width of the wall foundation, but if the width is slightly larger than the width of the wall foundation, even if there is some construction error. It is preferable because the surface of the wall base bar can be covered. In addition, it is preferable that the width is at least 10 mm or more, more preferably at least 20 mm, than the width of the wall base bar, because it is possible to effectively prevent a flame due to a fire or the like from entering the inside of the wall structure from the butt portion of the wall material. . Further, the non-combustible material sheet may be provided on one side of the wall structure, or may be provided on both sides. If you provide incombustible sheet on both sides of the wall structure,
The same effect can be obtained even if a flame due to a fire or the like hits either side of the wall structure. The non-combustible sheet in the present invention,
Although not particularly limited, a metal plate such as iron or stainless steel, a ceramic sheet, or the like can be suitably used. Here, the ceramic sheet is formed by forming inorganic fibers into a sheet. This ceramic sheet is particularly preferable because it is nonflammable, retains air between the fibers of the ceramic sheet, and has extremely high heat insulating properties even at high temperatures. Further, the non-combustible material sheet can be formed by laminating a metal plate and a heat insulating material made of inorganic fibers or the like,
It can also be formed by laminating a heat insulating material made of an inorganic fiber or the like between two metal plates.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the present invention, a heat insulating material is filled along the wall material, and the non-combustible material sheet straddles the wall base bar and is provided on the wall base. A wall structure which is in contact with heat insulating materials on both sides of the crosspiece.

The heat insulating material in the present invention is not particularly limited, but an inorganic heat insulating material such as glass wool or rock wool can be suitably selected because it is nonflammable and has excellent heat resistance. Rock wool is particularly preferred because of its excellent heat resistance.

[0015] The invention of claim 3 is the invention of claim 1 or 2.
In the wall structure, the non-combustible material sheet is a ceramic sheet in which heat-resistant inorganic fibers are formed in a sheet shape.

The ceramic sheet of the present invention is preferably excellent in heat resistance, and is a sheet made of alumina-based fiber manufactured by Nichias Corporation (ceramic paper) or a sheet made of zircon fiber. Those are suitable. Further, even if the temperature reaches 850 ° C., the material having extremely high heat insulation even at this temperature of 850 ° C. has excellent flame resistance and is particularly preferable.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the wall structure according to the first, second or third aspect, wherein the wall base bar is made of wood.

The wooden wall base beam of the present invention is a wall frame in a framed wall method or the like, a pillar, a stud, or a rim of a wooden frame method.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the wall structure in which wall materials are abutted on the surface of the wall base and fixed to the wall base, a plurality of the wall bases are arranged substantially in parallel. A wall structure is provided, in which an auxiliary base line is provided between the wall base lines, and the wall material is fixed to the auxiliary base line.

Further, the invention of claim 6 is the invention of claims 1, 2,
In the invention according to 3 or 4, the plurality of wall base bars are arranged substantially in parallel, an auxiliary base bar is provided between the wall base bars, and the wall material is fixed to the auxiliary base bar. Characterized by a wall structure.

Although there are various wall materials used for the wall structure of the present invention, since the outer wall surface material is used outside the building, it is necessary to have water resistance in addition to fire resistance. As the surface material of the outer wall, a wood chip cement board, a wood wool cement board, an extruded cement board, or the like is suitable.

Further, since the wall material used for the back surface of the outer wall and the partition wall is used inside the building, it has not only a fire prevention performance and a fire resistance performance but also a good heat insulation performance and also has a function of regulating moisture. Are preferred. Specifically, a wood chip cement board, a calcium silicate board, a gypsum board, a slate board, and the like are preferable, and a reinforced gypsum board is particularly preferable in terms of fire resistance, workability, and cost.

[0023]

In the wall structure according to the first aspect of the present invention, a non-combustible material sheet having a width equal to or greater than the width of the wall base bar is provided between the wall base bar where the wall members abut against each other. Have been. Therefore, even if the wall material shrinks or warps due to the heating of the wall material by a flame due to a fire or the like, a gap is generated at the abutting portion between the wall materials,
Flame-retardant sheets can prevent the flame from entering the interior of the wall. In addition, since the noncombustible sheet is easy to handle, the assembling workability of the wall structure is improved.

In the wall structure according to the second aspect of the present invention,
A heat insulating material is filled along the wall material, and the non-combustible material sheet straddles the wall base bar and is in contact with the heat insulating material on both sides of the wall base bar. Therefore, even if the wall material shrinks or warps due to the heating of the wall material by a flame due to a fire or the like, a gap is generated at the abutting portion between the wall materials,
The flame can be prevented from entering the inside of the wall by the incombustible sheet and the heat insulating material. Further, the heat flow from the surface heated by the flame to the other surface can be reduced by the heat insulating material. That is, fire prevention performance, fire resistance performance, and heat insulation performance can be improved.

In the wall structure according to the third aspect of the present invention,
Since the non-combustible material sheet is a ceramic sheet in which heat-resistant inorganic fibers are formed in a sheet shape, the sheet has excellent heat insulation as well as heat resistance. Therefore, it is possible to suppress a rise in the temperature of the wall base beam and a rise in the temperature inside the wall.

In the wall structure according to the fourth aspect of the present invention,
The wall base is wooden. That is, the non-combustible material sheet such as a ceramic sheet can prevent the flame from entering the inside of the wall, and can prevent the wooden wall base bar from being carbonized or ignited. In addition, since the thermal conductivity of the wooden wall base bar is small, the heat flow from one surface heated by the flame to the other surface can be reduced.

In the wall structure according to the fifth aspect of the present invention,
A plurality of wall base bars are arranged substantially in parallel, an auxiliary base bar is provided between the wall base bars, and a wall material is fixed to the auxiliary base bar. That is, when the wall material is heated by a flame due to a fire or the like, it is possible to prevent the wall material from contracting or warping by the auxiliary base rail. Accordingly, it is possible to reduce the generation of the gap between the butted portions of the wall materials.

[0028] In the wall structure according to the sixth aspect of the present invention,
A plurality of wall base rails are arranged substantially in parallel, and an auxiliary base rail is provided between the wall base rails, and a wall material is fixed to the auxiliary base rail. Further, a non-combustible material sheet such as a ceramic sheet having a width equal to or greater than the width of the wall base bar is provided between the wall base bar where the wall members abut against each other and those wall members. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of a gap between the butted portions of the wall materials due to a flame due to a fire or the like, and to prevent the flame from entering the inside of the wall by the non-combustible material sheet even if the gap occurs.

Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described. 1 is a horizontal sectional view showing an embodiment of the wall structure of the present invention, FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the configuration of the wall structure of FIG. 1, and FIG. 4 is a horizontal sectional view showing the configuration of another wall framework of the present invention. is there.

In FIG. 3, outer wall materials (wall materials) 2 and 2 are attached to one surface of a wooden wall framework (wall base bar) 1A filled with rock wool (not shown), and inner wall materials are mounted on the other surface. (Wall material) 3, 3 are attached to form a wall structure, which is used as a test body. The wall frame 1A has a height of 2400 mm and a width of 18
It is formed of five vertical frames 11 arranged in parallel with each other, an upper frame 13 connecting the upper ends of these vertical frames 11, and a lower frame 12 connecting the lower ends thereof. . Further, between the vertical frames 11, a horizontal connecting member (auxiliary base rail) 14 </ b> A is attached at the center of the vertical frames 11. The vertical frame 11, the lower frame 12, the upper frame 13, and the horizontal connecting material 14A are formed of a so-called two-by-four material having a cross section of 38 mm × 89 mm.

The outer wall material 2 is made of a 12 mm thick wood chip cement board. The outer peripheral portion of the outer wall material 2 is a nail (CN5
0) The vertical frame 1 of the wall frame 1A at an interval of 100 mm using 22
1, the lower frame 12 and the upper frame 13 are fixed to each other.
Are fixed to the vertical frame 11 and the horizontal connecting member 14A. The inner wall material 3 is made of a reinforced gypsum board having a thickness of 12.5 mm. The inner wall member 3 is also fixed to the wall framework 1A with a nail (CN50) (not shown) in the same manner as the outer wall member 2. Further, ceramic sheets 5 are provided on both sides of the central vertical frame 11 from the lower end to the upper end of the wall frame assembly 1A, as shown by a dashed line.

As shown in FIG. 1, the outer wall materials 2 and 2 and the inner wall materials 3 and 3 are butted on the surface of the vertical frame 11,
58mm which is 20mm wider than 38mm in width of the vertical frame 11
A ceramic sheet 5 having a width is provided between the vertical frame 11 and the outer wall material 2 and the inner wall material 3. A heat insulating material 4 is filled along the outer wall material 2 and the inner wall material 3. Here, the ceramic sheet 4 is fixed with a tucker so as to straddle the vertical frame 11.
Each mm is in contact with the heat insulating material 4. Insulation material 4 is 25K
(Density 25 kg / m ³ ), 90 mm thick rock wool, and the ceramic sheet 5 is a sheet of alumina-silica fiber manufactured by Nichias Co., Ltd.
5 mm.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view for explaining the structure of another wall frame according to the present invention. The wall frame (wall foundation bar) 1B has a height of 2400 mm and a width of 1820 mm, and includes five vertical frames 11 arranged in parallel with each other.
Are formed by an upper frame 13 connected to the upper end and a lower frame 12 connected to the lower end. Further, a cutout of 30 mm × 30 mm is provided at the center of each vertical frame 11, and a horizontal connecting member 14 </ b> B having a cross section of 30 mm × 30 mm is mounted in the cutout. The outer wall materials 2 and 2, the inner wall materials 3 and 3, the heat insulating material 4, and the ceramic sheets 5 and 5 are attached to the wall framework 1B as in FIG. 1 to form a wall structure.

As described above, since the horizontal connecting member 14B is formed into one wooden crosspiece and can be attached by fitting into the cutout of the vertical frame 11, the wall frame 1B can be easily assembled.

FIG. 2 is a horizontal sectional view schematically showing a fire resistance test method of the wall structure of FIG. 1, and FIG. 5 is a horizontal sectional view schematically showing a conventional fire resistance test method of the wall structure. Heating the specimen A (Example) in FIG. 2 and the specimen B (Comparative Example) in FIG. 5 with a flame from the surface according to JIS-A-1304 “Fire resistance test method for building structure”. Then, the fire resistance performance was compared. Here, the specimen B has the same configuration as the specimen A except that the ceramic sheet 5 is not provided.

As a result of the test, the internal temperature of the specimen was 450 ° C.
60 minutes for specimen A and 3 for specimen B
4 minutes. The maximum surface temperature of the inner wall material 3 is 20
0 ℃ (initial temperature 20 ℃ + 180 ℃)
Specimen A was 60 minutes, and Specimen B was 44 minutes. From the above results, it was confirmed that the fire resistance of the wall structure of the present invention was excellent. The cause is as follows. Specimens A and B during the fire resistance test were as shown in FIGS. 2 and 5, respectively. That is, in the test piece B in which the ceramic sheet 5 was not provided, the flame 6 entered the inside of the test piece B from the gap generated at the butted portion of the outer wall materials 2. On the other hand, in the test piece A, the flame did not enter the inside of the wall due to the ceramic sheet 5. As a result, the internal temperature of the specimen B and the surface temperature of the inner wall material 3 rose earlier than that of the specimen A.

Although the embodiment of the present invention has been described with reference to the drawings, the specific configuration of the present invention is not limited to this embodiment, and there are design changes and the like that do not depart from the gist of the present invention. Are also included in the present invention.

For example, the noncombustible sheet may be provided only on the surface heated by the flame. The test may be performed with the surface heated by the flame as the inner wall surface side.

[0038]

In the wall structure according to the first aspect of the present invention, the wall material is heated or shrunk or warped by a flame caused by a fire or the like, so that a gap is formed at the abutting portion between the wall materials. Even if it occurs, the flame can be prevented from entering the inside of the wall by the noncombustible material sheet. Therefore, even if a fire occurs, the rise in the temperature inside the wall can be delayed, so that the decrease in the strength of the wall base beam can be delayed. That is, the time for evacuation of the people inside the building can be lengthened. Further, since the noncombustible sheet is easy to handle, the assembling workability of the wall structure is improved, and a building excellent in fire resistance and the like can be constructed in a short time.

Further, in the wall structure according to the second aspect of the present invention, the heat insulating material is filled along the wall material, and the non-combustible material sheet straddles the base wall of the wall and is insulated on both sides of the wall base. It is in contact with the material. Therefore, even if the wall material shrinks or warps due to the heating of the wall material by a flame due to a fire or the like, and a gap is generated at the abutting portion between the wall materials, the flame is formed by the non-combustible material sheet and the heat insulating material. It can be prevented from entering the inside of the wall. Therefore, even if a fire occurs, the rise in the temperature inside the wall can be delayed, so that the decrease in the strength of the wall base beam can be delayed. That is, the time for evacuation of the people inside the building can be lengthened. . In addition, since the heat flow rate from the surface heated by the flame to the other surface can be reduced by the heat insulating material, the temperature increase on the other surface can be suppressed. That is,
Fire spread can be prevented.

In the wall structure according to the third aspect of the present invention, since the noncombustible material sheet is a ceramic sheet in which heat-resistant inorganic fibers are formed in a sheet shape, the heat-insulating property is excellent in addition to the heat resistance. Therefore, even if a gap is generated in the abutting portion of the wall materials due to a flame such as a fire, the flame does not enter the inside of the wall, and the temperature rise of the wall base beam is suppressed and the temperature inside the wall is suppressed. it can.

In the wall structure according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the wall base bar is made of wood. In other words, a non-combustible material sheet such as a ceramic sheet prevents a flame from entering the inside of the wall,
It is possible to prevent the wooden wall base bar from being carbonized or ignited. In addition, the thermal conductivity of the wooden wall foundation is small,
It is possible to reduce the heat flow from the surface heated by the flame to the other surface. That is, since the temperature rise on the other surface can be suppressed, fire spread can be prevented.

In the wall structure according to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the wall material is heated by a flame due to a fire or the like, so that the wall material can be prevented from shrinking or warping by the auxiliary base beam. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the occurrence of the gap between the butted portions of the wall materials, and it is possible to prevent the flame from entering the inside of the wall.

Further, in the wall structure according to the present invention, even if a gap is generated at the abutting portion between the wall materials, the flame can be prevented from entering the inside of the wall by the non-combustible material sheet. .

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a horizontal sectional view showing an embodiment of a wall structure according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a horizontal sectional view schematically showing a fire resistance test result of the wall structure of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a configuration of a wall structure of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a perspective view for explaining the configuration of another wall frame according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a horizontal sectional view schematically showing a result of a fire resistance test of a conventional wall structure.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1A, 1B Wall frame (wall foundation) 11 Vertical frame (wall foundation) 14A, 14B Horizontal connecting material (auxiliary foundation) 2 Outer wall material (wall material) 3 Inner wall material (wall material) 4 Lock rule (heat insulation) Material) 5 Ceramic sheet (non-combustible material sheet) 6 Flame

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. In a wall structure in which wall materials are abutted on the surface of a wall foundation and fixed to the wall foundation, a non-combustible material sheet having a width equal to or greater than the width of the wall foundation is provided. The wall structure is provided between the wall base rails against which are abutted and their wall materials. 2. A heat-insulating material is filled along the wall material, and the non-combustible material sheet straddles the wall-substrate beam and is in contact with heat-insulating materials on both sides of the wall-substrate beam. The wall structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: 3. The wall structure according to claim 1, wherein the non-combustible material sheet is a ceramic sheet in which heat-resistant inorganic fibers are formed in a sheet shape. 4. The wall structure according to claim 1, wherein said wall base bar is made of wood. 5. In a wall structure in which wall materials are abutted on the surface of a wall base bar and are fixed to the wall base bar, a plurality of the wall base bars are arranged substantially in parallel, and the wall base bar is provided. A wall structure, wherein an auxiliary base rail is provided between the auxiliary base rails, and the wall material is fixed to the auxiliary base rail. 6. A sub-base bar is provided substantially parallel to a plurality of sub-base bars, and an auxiliary sub-base bar is provided between the sub-base bars, and the wall material is fixed to the auxiliary sub-base bar. The wall structure according to claim 1, 2, 3, or 4.