JP2001287979A - Building material composition utilizing wheat bran - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a building material composition, an architectural composition for the interior and a block composition which improve living environment better than before by utilizing wheat bran to impart biodegradability, friendliness to the environment, a humidity-controlling property, etc., and to provide a building material, an interior board for construction or a block which has high flexural strength and elasticity. SOLUTION: This building material composition comprises wheat bran.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to a composition for building materials, and more particularly to a biodegradable composition using wheat bran. Further, the composition is lightweight, and
The present invention relates to a building material, a building interior board or a block having a humidity control property, a deodorant property, an electron wave shielding property, a soundproof property or a negative ion effect. Further, the present invention relates to a building material, a building interior board, or a block having high bending strength and elasticity.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As is well known, wheat flour composed of only endosperm, which usually occupies most of wheat grains, is prepared from wheat grain raw material, which is an agricultural product, and is widely distributed as a product. Wheat grains are generally about 13-15% hulls,
It consists of 2-3% germ and the remaining endosperm. However, the bran, which is the outer skin, has not been commercialized for general consumers due to poor taste and poor preservation, most of which are used for feed, and some are used for microorganism culture media. ing. Here, although a method of using a surplus portion that cannot be used in feed or the like is required, its use has not been found. In recent years, there have been various reports on recycling of waste materials in consideration of the environment, for example, a method of manufacturing building materials using a hedro (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-0).
No. 35364), a method for producing a hard material using coffee grounds and polypropylene as main raw materials (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 08-207046).
Or foamed heat insulation material and plate square material made of waste paper (Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication
8-067763) and the like. Therefore, the use of wheat bran for other value-added ones has been demanded.

On the other hand, building materials are buried in the ground when they are no longer needed, but conventional materials have no biodegradability and may pollute or destroy the natural environment. In addition, wood is often used as a building interior material such as a building panel, but an alternative board is being sought for reasons such as rising raw wood or protecting the natural environment. further,
It is natural that large buildings or facilities are constructed with steel reinforced concrete structures, but in recent years, construction using lightweight steel frame prefabricated method or two-by method has rapidly spread to houses, small stores or facilities. Accordingly, there is a need to provide a so-called new building material having multiple functions such as moisture absorption or sound absorption.

[0004]

An object of the present invention is to use wheat bran to be biodegradable and friendly to the natural environment,
Another object of the present invention is to provide a building material composition, an interior building composition, or a block composition that has a humidity controllability and improves a living environment. Another object of the present invention is to provide a building material composition, an interior building composition or a block composition having high bending strength and elasticity.

[0005]

Means for Solving the Problems The present inventors have made intensive studies to achieve the above object, and as a result, produced a composition containing wheat bran and an inorganic binder, and used the biodegradable building material and the like. New knowledge that there is. Also, the present inventors have unexpectedly found that the composition has a humidity control property and a soundproof property. Therefore, the composition according to the present invention is very useful especially for applications such as members in wall materials, and the present invention provides a novel composition which is very effective for improving living environment. Further, the building materials are lighter than conventional ones, and are very useful especially for building materials used for ceilings.

The present inventors have also obtained an unexpected new finding that adding a porous carbon material to the composition exhibits a deodorizing effect, an electromagnetic wave shielding effect and a negative ion effect. With respect to electromagnetic waves, there have been concerns about the harmful effects on the human body, and standards for regulating the intensity of electromagnetic wave emission have been established. Blocking electromagnetic waves is a very useful effect. In addition, the negative ion effect means that porous carbon material molecules decompose water in the air into hydroxyl ions and hydrogen, and the hydroxyl ions (negative ions) thus generated enter the capillaries of the lungs, weakening blood. Alkaline, deflocculates cholesterol, softens blood coagulation, lowers blood pressure, improves metabolism, growth or endocrine function, resulting in stiff shoulders, neuralgia, rheumatism, chills, back pain, rough, bruised, sprained, frost-burned or burned It is an excellent effect on treatment, recovery from fatigue, sleep, or improvement in physical constitution. Therefore, having a negative ion effect makes a great contribution to human health.

[0007] By using sawdust as the cellulosic filler, it is possible to impart antiseptic properties to building materials and the like containing the composition according to the present invention, and to impart natural wood scent to the building materials and the like. The knowledge that was obtained.

The present inventors have also found that by selecting an inorganic binder, it is possible to provide a building material or the like that is compatible with chemical sensitivity. Here, the chemical substance hypersensitivity is a disease that causes allergic symptoms such as nausea, headache or body convulsions by exposure to a trace amount of chemical substances in the environment, and has become a major social problem. Therefore, the present inventors have found that the use of silicate or plaster as the inorganic binder can suppress the release of a substance that causes chemical hypersensitivity, particularly, formaldehyde.

It has also been found that by using rock wool as an inorganic binder, it is possible to make building materials and the like flame-retardant or non-flammable and also to reduce the weight of the building materials and the like.

Further, as a result of the present inventors' investigations,
It has been surprisingly found that a composition for a building material containing wheat bran can be produced by using a heat treatment without using an inorganic binder. It is considered that the heating promotes the gelatinization of starch in wheat bran. In addition, the inventors have found that such a heat treatment can reduce the odor of grains.

Further, it was unexpectedly found that the composition for a building material containing wheat bran without using an inorganic binder and the composition for a building material using rock wool as an inorganic binder have elasticity. The building material and the like using such a composition for a building material, particularly when used as a flooring material, have good cushioning properties and reduce the burden on joints and the like, so that the present invention can provide a body-friendly building material. In addition, when used as a base material for concrete or asphalt outdoors, there is an advantage that cushioning properties are improved and noise due to, for example, high heels can be reduced.

That is, the present invention provides (1) a composition for a building material containing wheat bran, (2) a composition containing wheat bran and an inorganic binder, (3) a porous carbon material, and a cellulose filler. (1) containing at least one selected from the group consisting of antibacterial agents and insect repellents
Or (2) the composition according to (2) or (3), wherein the inorganic binder is at least one selected from the group consisting of gypsum, cement and rock wool; The composition according to the above (3) or (4), wherein the porous carbon material is at least one selected from the group consisting of charcoal, bamboo charcoal and activated carbon, and (6) the cellulosic filler is used paper, shredder paper and sawdust. The above (3) to at least one kind selected from the group consisting of powder;
(5) the composition according to (3) to (6), wherein the antibacterial agent is slaked lime, (8) (a) wheat bran, (b) gypsum or / and cement, And (c) a composition containing charcoal, (9) (a) wheat bran, (b) gypsum or / and cement, (c) charcoal,
And (d) a composition containing waste paper or / and shredder paper, (10) the composition according to the above (8) or (9), further containing slaked lime, (11) (a) wheat bran, (b) (C) a composition containing (c) sawdust, (12) a building material containing the composition described in any one of (1) to (11) above, and (13) a building material containing (1) to (1).
The present invention relates to an interior building board containing the composition described in any one of (11) and (14) a block containing the composition described in any one of the above (1) to (11).

[0013] The wheat bran used in the present invention is a residue obtained by milling wheat and collecting flour. It consists mainly of the outer skin of wheat grains, but also contains some aleurone layers, germ or endosperm close to the skin. In the milling process, large bran mainly coming out of the brake system and fine small bran remaining without being pulverized in the reduction system are obtained. As the wheat bran used in the present invention, for example, large bran,
Small bran or mixtures thereof. Further, it may be a low-grade flour containing a bran component or a mixture of the flour and the bran.

Examples of the inorganic binder used in the present invention include cement, gypsum, water glass, silicate and plaster. As long as the cement is water-hardened, for example, any of ordinary Portland cement, blast furnace cement, alumina cement, or early-strength cement may be used. Examples of the plaster include gypsum plaster, lime plaster, and dolomite plaster. Lime plaster is what is called plaster in Japan. In addition, rock wool can be used as the inorganic binder. Examples of the rock wool include those obtained by melting a basic igneous rock such as basalt or andesite and fluffing the melt by blowing it with air or air and steam.

The porous carbon material used in the present invention includes:
For example, charcoal, bamboo charcoal, activated charcoal and the like can be mentioned.

The cellulosic filler used in the present invention includes waste paper or shredder paper. Also,
Contaminants associated with the production of flour, such as dried stems, may be used. Still further, sawdust may be used. Sawdust is sawdust generated when sawing timber with a saw, and the timber may be a known timber such as cedar, pine, hinoki, hiba, beech or paulownia.

As the antibacterial agent used in the present invention, a known agent may be used, and it may be a synthetic substance or a natural substance. For example, slaked lime, creosote, a copper agent such as copper sulfate, or a plant or a processed product thereof may be used. The dosage form may be liquid or granular.

As the insect repellent used in the present invention, a known insect repellent may be used, and may be a synthetic substance or a natural substance.
For example, fenitrothion, phenytron, chlorbenzylate, diazinon, or a plant such as pyrethrum or a processed product thereof may be used. The dosage form may be liquid or granular.

[0019]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Building materials (materials for civil engineering and building structures) containing the composition of the present invention can be made into building interior boards or blocks by changing dimensions. In addition, the building material in the present invention,
It includes not only those used indoors, such as finishing materials for walls, floors or ceilings, and base materials, but also those used outdoors, such as road outer walls or pavements.

[0020] The architectural interior board containing the composition of the present invention may be a base material for painting, spraying or wallpapering, a base material for floor or ceiling, or a wall or floor with a colored or stamped pattern on the surface. And a case of using it as a finishing material for ceilings. In addition, by performing a waterproofing process, it can be used as an interior of a watering place or a base material of a tile. As the waterproofing process, a method of coating a sheet impregnated with asphalt or the like with a nonwoven fabric, a porous sheet having fine pores obtained by stretching a sheet made of an olefin resin or the like with a filler added thereto, or a nonwoven fabric or the like And the like.

The building material containing the composition according to the present invention comprises:
By forming a composite panel in combination with a building material having other different properties, it can be used as a building material for an outer wall or a building material used for a roof. For example, it is possible to provide an outer wall material having enhanced fire protection performance by combining with a metal plate, or an outer wall material having increased water resistance by attaching a lightweight cellular concrete panel.

The block containing the composition according to the present invention may be a hollow block or a form block. When manufacturing the block, it is preferable to use cement as a binder in order to secure strength.

[0023] The composition of the present invention has another use as unreinforced concrete used in soil or the like by using cement as an inorganic binder.
Further, it can be used for an outer wall of a road or an arrow feather for mountain retaining. Further, it can be used for pavement of roads and the like.

The building materials, interior building boards or blocks containing the composition according to the present invention have flame retardancy or non-flammability when gypsum is used as the inorganic binder, but also have known flame retardancy such as rock wool. Flame retardants or non-flammable agents can be included. Furthermore, even when other inorganic binders are used, flame retardancy or nonflammability can be imparted by blending a known flame retardant or nonflammable agent such as rock wool.

The building material, interior building board or block or the like containing the composition of the present invention can be produced, for example, by the following steps. First, the wheat bran and, if desired, other materials such as a porous carbon material, a cellulose-based filler, an antibacterial agent or an insect repellent, are thoroughly stirred, and an inorganic binder is added. Stir well until complete. At this time, if not sufficiently stirred, the inorganic binder may be partially cured.
Next, it is molded by pressing it into a mold and applying pressure.
Remove it from the mold and dry. Further, molding and drying may be performed simultaneously. Furthermore, when the inorganic binder is cement, curing may be performed to obtain sufficient strength. Here, a heat treatment may be performed before molding by a pressure treatment. As the heat treatment, for example, a known method such as a treatment by directly heating water to which a mixture containing wheat bran is added, or a treatment by indirect heating in a thermostat or the like may be used. Preferably, it is directly heated. The heating temperature is about 40 to 250C, preferably about 60 to 180C. More preferably,
It is about 60-100 ° C.

As the stirring method, a known method such as a preform method, a premix form method or a mix form method may be used. As the stirrer, various commercially available stirrers such as an omni mixer, a Henschel mixer or a high-speed mixer can be used.

As the drying method, known drying methods such as ventilation drying at normal temperature (normal temperature means about 10 to 35 ° C.), drying by heating or drying under reduced pressure may be used. In the case of drying by heating, the heating temperature is about 40 to 25.
It is about 0 ° C, preferably about 80 to 200 ° C.

Examples of the molding method include a method of molding by placing the composition in a mold and pressing it down, and a method of continuously extruding the composition according to the present invention by pressing the composition according to the present invention with a press molding machine to obtain a molded article. There is also. In the case of molding by a pressure treatment, the pressure is about ² to 80 kg / cm ² , preferably about 3 to 60 kg / cm ² , more preferably about 10 to 5 kg / cm ^2.
It is about 0 kg / cm ² .

For the above curing, wet curing and temperature curing are important. In the wet curing, after the building material is driven, it is covered with a curing mat or sheet, or is kept in a wet state by spraying or spraying. In the case of an interior building board, autocure curing may be performed. When the temperature is low, heat curing, adiabatic curing, or coating curing is performed to protect building materials from low temperatures.

Further, a composition for a building material containing wheat bran can be produced without using an inorganic binder. First,
Water is added to a mixture of the wheat bran and, if desired, other materials such as a hard carbon material, a cellulosic filler, an antibacterial agent or an insect repellent, and the mixture is stirred well. Next, it is molded by placing it in a mold and pressing it with pressure. Remove it from the mold and dry. Further, molding and drying may be performed simultaneously. Here, it is preferable to perform a heat treatment before molding by a pressure treatment. As the heat treatment, for example, a known method such as a treatment by directly heating water to which a mixture containing wheat bran is added, or a treatment by indirect heating in a thermostat or the like may be used. Preferably, it is directly heated. The heating temperature is about 40 to 250C, preferably about 60 to 180C. More preferably, it is about 60 to 100 ° C.

The composition of the present invention may contain other necessary materials depending on the application. For example, when cement is used as the inorganic binder and concrete is used, it is preferable to add an aggregate. In this case, an admixture may be further added. Aggregate determines the strength and properties of concrete.For example, gravel taken from natural rock, crushed stone or sand made by crushing sand and rock, crushed residue from blast furnaces, etc. Examples include crushed slag, slag sand, ore and iron scrap.
As an admixture, a binder to increase the strength of concrete, a chemical admixture to improve concrete quality, and rust prevention to prevent rebar from rusting when using aggregates containing salt And a swelling agent for suppressing drying shrinkage. Examples of the binder include silica stone, fly ash or silica foam. Examples of the chemical admixture include an AE agent and a water reducing agent. Also, when using gypsum and cement as the inorganic binder, for example, silica powder, silicic acid raw materials such as fly ash or silica sand, perlite,
An admixture such as zeolite, vermiculite or calcium carbonate or magnesium carbonate may be added.

The proportion of each component in the composition of the present invention is such that wheat bran is 10% to 90% by weight, preferably 20% to 50% by weight, and inorganic binder is 10% to 60% by weight, preferably Is 20% to 50% by weight,
1% to 50% by weight, preferably 1% by weight of the porous carbon material
0% to 30% by weight, 0% to 50% by weight of cellulosic filler, preferably 10% to 40% by weight,
The antibacterial agent and / or insect repellent is 0% to 5% by weight, preferably 0% to 1% by weight.

[0033]

EXAMPLES Example 1 Materials other than gypsum were sufficiently mixed at the ratios shown in Table 1. A portion of the water used only when the shredder paper was used was included in the shredder paper to reduce the bulk and then mixed. Next, gypsum was added and mixed well until uniform. After that, water was gradually added. Put this mixture in a mold so that it has a uniform thickness,
It was pressed at a pressure of 3 kg / cm ² . I put another board and hit it with a hammer. The surface was flattened and left in the mold for 30 minutes. When the gypsum set, it was removed from the mold while applying vibration with a hammer, and dried for 2 to 3 days. In this way, moldings 1 to 8 used for interior building boards or blocks were produced.

[0034]

[Table 1]

Comparative Example A comparative molded article was prepared in the same manner as in the example using 100 g of charcoal, 100 g of waste paper, and 150 g of gypsum.

Test Example 1 A 1 m ³ sealed space was set so that the initial humidity was 90%, and a space in which one molded product 1 (500 g) was placed therein was formed. The internal humidity was measured over time in a space in which one object 5 (200 g) was placed. Also, the initial humidity is set to be 10%, and one molded article 1 (or 500
g) The internal humidity was measured over time in the inserted space.

From FIG. 1, it can be seen that the composition of the present invention absorbs moisture in the air to reduce the humidity when the humidity is high, and releases the moisture to increase the humidity when the humidity is low. I understand.

[Test Example 2] A 5 L plastic bag was filled with ammonia having an initial concentration of 1.0 ppm.
Each of the molded articles 3, 5, 7 and the comparative example was placed one by one and sealed. Every hour, the internal ammonia concentration change was measured by gas chromatography.

FIG. 2 shows that the composition of the present invention has an ammonia-adsorbing property and exhibits a deodorizing effect.

Test Example 3 Molded product 1 was obtained by the KEC method using a spectrum analyzer (manufactured by Advantest Co., Ltd.) and a shield material evaluation machine (manufactured by Anritsu Corporation).
The electromagnetic wave shielding effect of was investigated.

As shown in FIG.
The absorption in the vicinity of dB was shown, and it was found that the composition of the present invention exhibited an electromagnetic wave shielding effect.

Example 2 Materials other than gypsum were sufficiently mixed at the ratios shown in Table 2. Next, plaster was put into the molded product 10 and mixed well until it became uniform. Thereafter, water was gradually added, followed by further stirring. This mixture is placed in a mold (1
00 mm × 150 mm × height 50 mm) and a pressure of 20 kg / cm ² so as to have a uniform thickness, and then 5
It was pressed at a pressure of 0 kg / cm ² and left standing for 30 minutes in the mold. Then, it was removed from the mold while giving vibrations with a hammer, and air-dried at room temperature for 2 days. In this way,
Moldings 9 used for interior building boards or blocks
And 10 were made.

Table 2 shows the weight, specific gravity and thickness of the molded products 9 and 10.

[Table 2] According to Table 2, if rock wool is used as the inorganic binder, the weight can be reduced.

Example 3 Materials other than gypsum were sufficiently mixed at the ratios shown in Table 3. Next, plaster was put into the molded product 12 and mixed well until it became uniform. Thereafter, water was gradually added, followed by further stirring. The mixture was heated. The internal temperature at this time was 80 ° C. Then
This heat-treated mixture is placed in a mold (100 mm × 150 m
mx height 50mm).
It was pressed at a pressure of 0 kg / cm ² and then at a pressure of 50 kg / cm ² , and was left as it was for 30 minutes in a mold. Then, it was removed from the mold while giving vibrations with a hammer, and air-dried at room temperature for 2 days. In this way, moldings 11, 12 and 13 used for interior building boards or blocks were produced.

[Test Example 4] Molded articles 11, 12 and 13
The flexural strength and elasticity (compression flexibility) of the sample were measured. Table 3 shows the results.

[Table 3] Table 3 shows that the molded article 13 can be obtained without using an inorganic binder.
Could be manufactured. The molded article had both bending strength and elasticity. It was also found that the use of rock wool as an inorganic bander improved the elasticity.

[0046]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION By using the composition of the present invention, surplus wheat bran can be recycled, and it is biodegradable and natural environment-friendly building material composition, interior building composition, and block. A composition can be provided. Further, by using the composition of the present invention, the weight of the product can be reduced.

The building materials, interior building boards, and blocks using the composition of the present invention have a humidity control property, a deodorant property, a soundproof property, an electromagnetic wave shielding property or a negative ion effect, and can improve a living environment. Give me Moreover, since the building material, the interior building board, and the block using the composition of the present invention have cushioning properties and can reduce the burden on joints and the like, the present invention can provide a body-friendly building material.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 shows the results of a humidity control test.

FIG. 2 shows the results of an ammonia adsorption test.

FIG. 3 shows the results of an electromagnetic wave blocking test.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1-8 molded product 1-8 9 comparative example molded product

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) E04C 2/26 (C04B 28/02 // (C04B 28/02 18:24 Z 18:24 14:46 14 : 46 18:10 B 18:10 18:26 18:26 22:06) Z 22:06) 111: 40 111: 40 E04C 1/04 Z F term (reference) 2E001 DF06 DH01 DH12 DH13 DH21 FA06 FA14 GA12 HA01 HA03 HA32 HC00 HC05 JA01 JA02 JA25 JC03 JC05 JC09 2E162 CA01 CA04 CC00 FA01 FA02 FA16 FC02 FC05 FC06 4G012 MA00 PA25 PA33 PB03 PB11 PC11 PC12 PC13

Claims (14)

[Claims] 1. A composition for a building material containing wheat bran. 2. A composition containing wheat bran and an inorganic binder. 3. The composition according to claim 1, further comprising at least one selected from the group consisting of a porous carbon material, a cellulosic filler, an antibacterial agent and an insect repellent. 4. The composition according to claim 2, wherein the inorganic binder is at least one selected from the group consisting of gypsum, cement and rock wool. 5. The composition according to claim 3, wherein the porous carbon material is at least one selected from the group consisting of charcoal, bamboo charcoal and activated carbon. 6. The cellulosic filler is at least selected from the group consisting of waste paper, shredder paper and sawdust.
The composition according to any one of claims 3 to 5, which is one kind. 7. The composition according to claim 3, wherein the antibacterial agent is slaked lime. 8. (a) wheat bran, (b) gypsum or /
And a cement, and (c) charcoal. 9. (a) wheat bran, (b) gypsum or /
And (c) charcoal, and (d) waste paper or / and shredder paper. 10. The composition according to claim 8, further comprising slaked lime. 11. A composition comprising (a) wheat bran, (b) rock wool, and (c) sawdust. A building material containing the composition according to any one of claims 1 to 11. 13. An interior building board containing the composition according to claim 1. Description: 14. A block containing the composition according to claim 1.