JP2001286117A - Monopolar generator - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] The present invention facilitates maintenance and inspection by eliminating the need for frequent replacement of brushes in the outer peripheral current collector.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a monopolar generator in which friction loss at a current collector on the outer periphery is eliminated. The present invention relates to a unipolar generator having a structure in which two conductor disks are used to contact the conductor disks so that there is no difference in peripheral speed, and a brush is not used for a current collecting portion on the outer periphery. It is.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a unipolar generator which does not use a brush for a current collector on the outer periphery.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A conventional unipolar generator generates electric power according to the principle shown in FIG. 4 (for example, see "High Current Engineering Handbook" (1992), p. 154, published by Corona). The conductor disk 10 to which the magnetic flux density B is added in the axial direction is rotated around the axis. The magnetic flux density B is generated by an external coil not shown in FIG. As a material of the conductor disk 10, a ferromagnetic material such as iron may be used, or a nonmagnetic material such as copper, beryllium copper, or aluminum may be used. The conductor disk 10 is brought into contact with the outer current collector 30 and the inner current collector 20. A brush made of a conductor having a high melting point is used for the outer power collection unit 30. A brush or a slip ring is used for the inner current collecting portion 20, and the material is a conductor in each case. Magnetic flux density B
Is uniformly applied in the conductor disk 10, a DC voltage e given by the following equation is generated between the outer current collector 30 and the inner current collector 20.

E = a ² ωB / 2 where a is the radius from the center of rotation to the outer peripheral current collector, ω
Is the angular velocity of rotation. When a load is connected here, a large direct current can be supplied. In other generators other than the monopolar generator, a thin conductor is wound many times to form a coil, so the internal electric resistance is large. Since the resistance is very small, the entire internal electric resistance is almost only the contact resistance between the outer peripheral part and the inner current collecting part, and has a characteristic of being extremely small.

However, since the conductor disk 10 of the unipolar generator rotates at a high speed, the peripheral speed of the current collecting portion 30 on the outer periphery is very high.・ It melts. Therefore, the brush must be changed frequently. Further, there is a problem that the contact resistance loss and the friction loss of the current collecting portion 30 on the outer periphery are large, and occupy most of the loss of the machine.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems and simplifies maintenance and inspection by eliminating the need for frequent replacement of the outer peripheral current collector. It is an object of the present invention to provide a monopolar generator which eliminates frictional loss in the current collector.

[0006]

According to the present invention, in a monopolar generator, by using a plurality of conductor disks, the conductor disks are brought into contact with each other so that there is no difference in peripheral speed, and a brush is attached to a current collecting portion on the outer periphery. The structure is not used.

In the monopolar generator according to the present invention, since the brush which needs to be replaced frequently is not used in the current collecting portion on the outer periphery, maintenance and inspection are facilitated. Further, it is possible to eliminate friction loss at the current collecting portion on the outer periphery. Furthermore, since the contact pressure can be increased as compared with the case where a brush is used, the electrical contact resistance of the contact portion can be reduced.

In the present invention, as the material of the conductor disk, a ferromagnetic material such as iron may be used as in the case of the conductor disk of the conventional monopolar generator, or a non-magnetic material such as copper, beryllium copper or aluminum may be used. In some cases, a magnetic material is used. Also,
An arbitrary surface treatment such as chrome plating is applied to the contact portion to reduce the contact resistance.

[0009]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. (Embodiment 1) FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of a monopolar generator according to the present invention. A monopolar generator in which two conductor disks are parallel to each other in rotation and their outer peripheral portions are in contact at one location. FIG. Reference numerals 11 and 12 denote conductor disks that rotate in opposite directions. When the radius of the conductor disk 11 is a ₁ , the rotation angular velocity is ω _1, and the radius of the conductor disk 12 is a ₂ and the rotation angular velocity is ω ₂ , the conductor disk 11 is rotated so that a ₁ ω ₁ = a ₂ ω _2. To make the peripheral speeds of the outer circumferences of the two conductor disks equal. In consideration of the simplicity of the device configuration, it is desirable that this condition be satisfied as a ₁ = a ₂ and ω ₁ = ω ₂ . On the conductor disks 11 and 12,
A magnetic flux density B is applied by an external coil in parallel with the rotation axis.
Between the inner current collectors 21 and 22 of the two rotating shafts, a voltage e =
(a ₁ ² ω ₁ + a ₂ ² ω ₂ ) B / 2 is generated. Inner current collector 21, 2
By connecting the load 40 between the two, a large current can be supplied to the load 40.

The external coil is a solenoid coil,
It is installed to apply a magnetic field to the conductor disk parallel to its rotation axis. The inner current collector is located at a position smaller than the outer peripheral current collector with respect to the radius of the conductor disk. The structure is a current collecting mechanism using a slip ring or a brush. Since the peripheral speed of the conductor disk is lower than that of the outer peripheral current collector, the problem due to friction as in the outer peripheral current collector does not occur. Regarding the axial thickness of the conductive disk 11 and the conductive disk 12, increasing the thickness is advantageous in increasing the contact area and reducing the contact resistance. If the contact resistance is large, the value of the current that can flow through the load 40 decreases.

However, when the conductor disk is made of a magnetic material,
The conductor disk itself becomes a part of the magnetic path that can easily generate magnetic flux, so it is possible to make the conductor disk thicker, but if it is made of a non-magnetic material, a magnetic field is generated in the conductor disk It is necessary to increase the capacity of the external coil to be made as the thickness of the conductor disk increases. Therefore, the thickness of the conductor disk is determined in consideration of the contact resistance, ease of generating a magnetic field, and the like.

(Embodiment 2) FIG. 2 shows a unipolar generator according to the present invention.
Two conductor disks 11, showing a second embodiment of the electric machine,
12 are arranged coaxially one above the other, while the axis of rotation is
A single pole with a plurality of vertical conducting current collector disks 50, 51
It is a schematic diagram of a generator. Multiple rotation centers perpendicular to them
In FIG. 2, there are two current collecting conductor disks, but this number is large.
The contact resistance can be greatly reduced. Two conductor disks
11 and 12 are angular frequencies ω in directions opposite to each other.₁Rotate with
You. Preferably, as illustrated in FIG.
The machine is vertically symmetric. FIG. 3 shows the unipolar generator of FIG.
FIG. Current collecting conductor disks 50 and 51 have the same shape
And the radius of the disk depends on the position in the thickness direction.
It is different. Conductor disks 11 and 12
A portion in contact with the current-collecting conductor disks 50 and 51 on the opposite side
Has a shape corresponding to the side surfaces of the current-collecting conductor disks 50 and 51.
It has been resected to be. This disk 11, 12, 5
When the radius of each part of 0 and 51 is represented as shown in the figure, R_Two/ R
₁= r_Two/ r₁And then R_Twoω₁= r_Twoω_FiveRotate with
In all of the conductor disks 11, 12, 50
In part, the peripheral speed difference can be made zero. That is, the conductor circle
Boards 11 and 50, 12 and 50, 11 and 51, 12 and 51
The peripheral speed difference becomes zero. Upper conductor disk 11 and lower conductor circle
An insulating material 60 is disposed between the panel 12 and the inner current collector 21.
And 22 are prevented from being electrically short-circuited. Guidance
Body disks 11 and 12 are parallel to the rotation axis by external coils
To the magnetic flux density B. At this time, the conductor disks 11 and 12
In each R ₁ ^Twoω₁A voltage of B / 2 is generated. Conductor disk 1
1 and 12 are connected in series by current collector conductor disks 50 and 51 for current collection
Occurs between the inner current collectors 21 and 22 because they are connected
The voltage is R₁ ^Twoω₁B. Between the inner current collectors 21 and 22
By connecting the load 40, a large current is supplied to the load 40.
Can be paid.

[0013]

According to the monopolar generator of the present invention, it is not necessary to use a brush for the high-speed current collector on the outer periphery, so that maintenance and inspection become easy and friction loss is drastically reduced. Further, the contact pressure can be increased, and the contact resistance loss can be reduced. As described above, an industrially significant effect is achieved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a first embodiment of a monopolar generator according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a second embodiment of the unipolar generator according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing a second embodiment of the monopolar generator according to the present invention.

FIG. 4

[Explanation of symbols]

 10 ... Conductor disk 11 ... Conductor disk 12 ... Conductor disk 20 ... Inner current collector 21 ... Inner current collector 22 ... Inner current collector 30 ... Outer periphery Current collecting part 40 ・ ・ ・ Load 50 ・ ・ ・ Current collecting conductor disk 51 ・ ・ ・ Current collecting conductor disk 60 ・ ・ ・ Insulation material

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Kazuaki Arai 1-1-4 Umezono, Tsukuba, Ibaraki Pref. Electronic Technology Research Institute (72) Inventor Seiichi Umeda 1-1, Umezono, Tsukuba, Ibaraki No. 4 Within the Institute of Technology, Electronic Technology Research Institute (72) Inventor Ko Kozuma 1-4-1, Umezono, Tsukuba, Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan

Claims (3)

[Claims] A conductor disk fixed to a rotation shaft and rotated about the rotation shaft; and a means for applying a magnetic flux to the conductor disk in an axial direction, the conductor disk having an outer periphery and an inner periphery. In a monopolar generator for extracting a DC voltage generated between the two conductor disks, the two conductor disks are provided, and the outer circumferences of the two conductor disks are brought into direct or indirect contact with each other so that there is no peripheral speed difference. A monopolar generator wherein a total of voltages generated in a conductor disk is extracted from two rotating shafts to which the two conductor disks are fixed. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein two rotating shafts to which the two conductor disks are fixed are made parallel to each other, and one part of an outer peripheral portion is brought into contact while rotating the two conductor disks in directions opposite to each other. A monopolar generator as described. 3. A rotating shaft to which the two conductor disks are fixed is coaxially arranged, the two conductor disks are rotated in opposite directions to each other, and an outer peripheral portion of the two conductor disks is electrically driven. Contact between the outer peripheral portion to join together,
The monopolar generator according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of conductor disks having a rotation center that rotates perpendicular to the two rotation axes are arranged.