JP2001283049A - Competitive trading system that is difficult to make a bid for with an unreasonable bid price, control method thereof, and recording medium recording the control program - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Problem] To propose a competitive trading system that avoids unnatural bidding prices and monopoly of resources, stabilizes contract prices, and provides an environment where participants can easily bid. A first step in which a server publishes a trade target and its successful bid evaluation function to a plurality of clients, and the client determines a trade target and its bid price using a successful bid evaluation function to a participant. And a third stage in which the server awardes the participant showing the highest evaluation value based on the successful bid evaluation function from all the bid prices notified by the client. And The successful bid evaluation function is based on the past bid price per unit amount and the utilization efficiency of the previously successful resource. Further, the successful bid evaluation function is further based on the resource occupancy in the current bidding.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a competitive trading system, a control method therefor, and a recording medium recording a control program therefor.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a conventional competitive trading system, an upper limit or a lower limit is set for a bid price as a method of avoiding an unnatural bid price or monopoly of resources. However, if the upper or lower limit is announced to the participants, the bid price may concentrate on the upper or lower limit, and the successful bidder may not be specified. Usually, we do not publish an upper or lower bid limit to avoid such situations. Therefore, in this case, it is necessary for the participant to estimate the upper limit or the lower limit, and it is difficult for a participant who does not have know-how to make a successful bid.

[0003]

Originally, prices should be formed through fair and free competition of participants.
However, if some bad participants monopolize resources and consequently exclude other participants, their fair and free environment may be lost. In addition, a defective participant who intends to monopolize resources seeks to exclude other participants by presenting an unnatural bid price, so that the winning bid price may become unstable.

Accordingly, the present invention proposes a competitive trading system that avoids such unnatural bidding prices and monopoly of resources, stabilizes the winning bid price, and provides an environment where participants can easily bid.

[0005]

A competitive trading system according to the present invention comprises a first step in which a server discloses a trading object and its successful bid evaluation function to a plurality of clients; A second step of determining a trading target and its bid price using the function, and notifying the server of the decision;
And a third stage in which the server bids the participant having the highest evaluation value based on the successful bid evaluation function from all the bid prices notified by the client.
This successful bid evaluation function can be determined by the orderer in consideration of various conditions, so that it is not necessary to determine the successful bidder simply based on the bid price alone. Also, from aspects other than the bid price,
The effect of increasing the profit of the orderer can be expected. Furthermore, since this successful bid evaluation function is made public, the evaluation value can be calculated by the participant himself, and a bid price or the like can be determined so as to have a higher evaluation value. Specifically, in the present invention, it is possible to set a function such that a good participant has an advantage in a successful bid and a bad participant expecting an unnatural bidding price or resource monopoly is excluded.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, the successful bid evaluation function is preferably based on the past bid price per unit amount and the utilization efficiency of the previously won resources. Also,
The successful bid evaluation function may be a function that multiplies the past bid price per unit amount and the utilization efficiency of the previously successful resource. As a result, a person who tries to participate in the current bid at a price that is extremely different from the past bid price, or attempts to participate in the current bid even though the resources that have been bidding in the past are not sufficiently used A person or the like can be made to be unable to make a successful bid unless a bid is made at a higher bid price. As the former, for example, there are those who try to bid at a high price for the purpose of monopolizing resources, although the past bid price was low. As the latter, for example, there is a person who has made a bid for a certain communication resource in the past, but has not sufficiently used the band.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, the successful bid evaluation function is preferably further based on the resource occupancy in the current bidding. Accordingly, a person or the like who wants to monopolize resources can be prevented from making a successful bid unless they bid at a higher bid price. Also, the successful bid evaluation function is
It may be a function that divides the resource occupancy in the current bid from the above-described multiplication value.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, the present invention can be applied to both the simultaneous bidding method and the competitive bidding method.

Further, according to the competitive trading system of the present invention, the first means for disclosing the trading object and its successful bid evaluation function to a plurality of clients, and from among all the bid prices notified from the clients, A server having third means for bidding on the participant showing the highest evaluation value based on the bidding evaluation function, and allowing the participant to determine the trading object and its bid price using the bidding evaluation function. And a client having second means for notifying the server.

Further, according to the recording medium in which the control program of the competitive trading system of the present invention is recorded, a first control program for disclosing a trade object and its successful bid evaluation function to a plurality of clients, and a notification from the client. Out of all bid prices, a server-side program having a third control program for bidding on the participant showing the highest evaluation value based on the bidding evaluation function, and using the bidding evaluation function for the participant. And a client-side program having a second control program for determining the trading target and its bid price and notifying the server.

[0011]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS First, each term will be defined. “Bid” refers to a system in which, from among bidders, those who bid at the highest or lowest price within the range of the planned price set by the ordering party are the counterparty of the contract, and the bid price is used as the contract price. Say. The bidding method cannot refer to the bidding price of other bidding participants, and it is possible to open a bid with only one bidding participant's bid, or to refer to the bidding price of another bidding participant. There is a "competitive bidding" that allows the bid price to be changed sequentially. The proposed method can be used with either bidding method.

[0012] The "orderer" refers to one entity that presents bid objects and recruits bid participants. A set price is set, and the bid target is sold to a bid participant who offers the highest or lowest bid price within the range, and the profit is obtained. The higher or lower the sale amount, the higher the profit.

"Bid participant" (hereinafter referred to as "participant")
Means a plurality of entities that make a bid for the purpose of making a bid for the resource to be bid presented by the orderer. Participants exchange information on bid price information, or trade associations made up of those participants,
It shall not be collected, provided, or facilitate the exchange of information between those participants.

The "bid object" refers to a product or service that is presented by the orderer and for which the participant bids for the purpose of winning the resource. The following two cases can be considered. (1) A single inseparable product or service: The only successful bidder is the one with the highest bid price. For example, there are paintings and antiques. (2) Commodities or services having resources that can be distributed to a plurality: Successful bidders may have a plurality of items with higher bid prices. The ordering party
Avoid the situation where one specific participant monopolizes the resources to be bid, and aim to distribute resources to as many participants as possible. This is because a larger number of successful bidders can expect an increase in long-term participants and an increase in profit. For example,
There are network bands and the like.

"Good participant" means a participant who bids at a reasonable price in each bidding. If the bid target has resources that can be distributed to a plurality of participants, the bidder is a participant who bids for a part of the resources.

"Newcomers" are those who have never participated in the past bidding.

The "bad participant" refers to a participant who bids at an irrational high price in view of past bidding results. If the bid target has multiple distributable resources, it refers to the participant whose purpose is to monopolize the resources.

The "result weight evaluation function", that is, the "successful bid evaluation function" refers to the ordering of each participant with respect to the current bidding content in consideration of the past bidding content and the use status of the bidding resource. Function to calculate the evaluation value of the person. It is assumed that this is set by the orderer and presented to the participants in advance.

FIG. 1 is a control sequence diagram of the competitive trading system of the present invention. This is constituted by the following three stages of processing. (1) The server discloses the trading target and the successful bid evaluation function to a plurality of clients. (2) The client causes the participant to determine the trading object and the contract price, and notifies the server. (3) The server selects the participant having the highest contract price from all the contract prices notified by the client based on the successful bid evaluation function.

Here, the successful bid evaluation function, that is, the actual weight evaluation function will be described. This function learns from the past bidding results of each participant and the usage status of the winning resource, and estimates the possible bidding price for that participant this time. As a criterion for estimation, the orderer sets a performance weight evaluation function, and discloses the function to the participants in advance.

The following parameters are used. n: bid times. It is assumed that the previous bid is the previous bid (n = 1), and the current bid is the previous bid (n = 0). B _n : Bid price in the bid before n times. W _n : Resource amount of the bidding object in the bidding n times ago. R _n : utilization efficiency of the resource that has been awarded in the nth previous bid (0.0 ≦ R ₀ ≦ 1.0). R ₀ if not successful
= 0.0. N: Number of past bid participations. If the number of bid participations is too large, the number of bids may be limited from the bid N times before to the current bid, and the bids N = 1 times or less may be ignored. M: Resource occupancy in this bidding. If the bid target is a single inseparable product or service, M = 1.0. E: Evaluation value for each participant.

Next, an embodiment of the successful bid evaluation function will be described. In any of the examples, the upper limit of the bid price is determined, and the higher bid price is out of the range, and can be excluded without calculating the evaluation value.

The following formula is an example of the simplest successful bid evaluation function.

[0024]

(Equation 1)

This successful bid evaluation function is the past (including this time)
Is multiplied by the utilization efficiency (1 + R _n ) of the resource that has been bidding in the past, and the evaluation value per one past bidding is obtained by multiplying the bidding price per unit amount of (B _n / W _n ) It is divided by the resource occupancy (M) in the current bid.
Even if a participant who had only a small bid in the past makes a large bid to exclude other participants, the evaluation value will be low. Even if a higher bid price is set in order to increase the evaluation value, it is excluded because there is an upper limit of the bid price. Further, the number of successful bids is doubled in accordance with the usage rate of the winning resource, so that the higher the percentage of successful bids in the past, the higher the evaluation value.

Further, when this successful bid evaluation function is used, Sakura aimed at raising a bid price is disadvantageous because the number of past successful bids is small. This benefits participants, in that they cannot raise bids more than necessary.

In order to give newcomers an advantage,
R ₀ = 0 in the above equation can be set. This is an evaluation function obtained by improving the evaluation function of the first example so that newcomers can gain an advantage. This has the effect of increasing the number of participants, and in the long run it will benefit the orderer.

Next, there is the following formula as an example of a successful bid evaluation function having a tendency to maintain prices.

[0029]

(Equation 2)

This successful bid evaluation function is an evaluation function in which a participant who has bid at a high price in the past, once the bid price is lowered, the evaluation value is greatly reduced in the next time. High-priced bidders tend to continue high-priced bids in order to maintain the evaluation value in subsequent bids, which leads to an increase in the profit of the orderer.

Next, the determination of the winning bidder will be described. The ordering party opens a bid in the presence of a participant on the network. After the bid is opened, the bid price of the participant is made public and reflected in the bid evaluation function of the next bid. The bid price of each participant is input to the successful bid evaluation function to obtain an evaluation value.

In the case of the simultaneous bidding, the orderer sets the person having the highest evaluation value as the contract partner and sets the bid price as the contract price.

In the case of competitive bidding, the orderer presents the highest evaluation value at that time, and the participant also calculates the evaluation value from his / her own bid price and bids to exceed the highest evaluation value at that time. You have to decide on the price or else get off.

It is assumed that the participant can check the evaluation value used by the orderer based on the published price and confirm whether there is no problem in the successful bid result.

An embodiment of the above-mentioned competitive trading system will be described. It is assumed that the trading target is the bandwidth of the network, the ordering party is a communication carrier that owns the network, and the participant intends to purchase the network and use it for providing a service. If one participant makes a successful bid for the entire band of the bid target network, only that participant can provide the service and monopolize the profit. In this way, the poor participant presents an unnaturally high bid price for the purpose of winning the entire band. According to the present invention, a communication carrier sets a successful bid evaluation function and announces it to participants. Each participant can examine the evaluation value obtained by giving the bid price to the successful bid evaluation function. After the bid opening, the communication carrier calculates the evaluation value of each participant from the current bid price of each participant, the past bid price, and the usage status of the successful bid band. The ordering party makes the participant with the highest evaluation value the successful bidder and contracts with that participant.

In the above-described various embodiments of the present invention, those skilled in the art can easily make various changes, modifications and omissions of the technical idea and scope of the present invention. The foregoing description is merely an example, and is not intended to be limiting. The invention is limited only as defined by the following claims and equivalents thereof.

[0037]

As described above in detail, according to the competitive trading system of the present invention, the control method thereof, and the recording medium on which the control program is recorded, the past bid history of each bidder is considered. Then, by correcting the current bid price, it is possible to avoid an unnatural bid price and monopoly of resources, stabilize a contract price, and provide an environment where participants can easily bid.

As a profit of the orderer, by setting an appropriate successful bid evaluation function, it is possible to realize a situation where a good participant is more advantageous in a successful bid than a bad participant. As a result, bad participants who bid at unnaturally high prices can be eliminated, and resource monopolization by specific participants can be avoided.
In addition, the participant usually sets a high bid price in order to make future successful bids even more advantageous. As a result, the profit of the orderer increases.

On the other hand, as a participant's benefit, an unnaturally expensive bid is less likely to be made by eliminating defective participants. As a result, the bidding price can be stabilized, and an environment in which participants can easily bid can be prepared.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a control sequence diagram of a competitive trading system of the present invention.

Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Gen Nakamura 2-1-1-15 Ohara, Kamifukuoka-shi, Saitama F-term in Kaididi Laboratory Co., Ltd. (Reference) 5B049 AA05 BB36 EE03 GG02

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. A first step in which a server publishes a trade object and its successful bid evaluation function to a plurality of clients, and the client gives a participant to the participant using the successful bid evaluation function and the bid object. A second step of determining a price and notifying the server; and a step in which the server indicates the highest evaluation value based on the successful bid evaluation function among all bid prices notified by the client. And a third step of bidding on the bidder. 3. A method of controlling a competitive buying and selling system, which makes it difficult to make a successful bid at an improper bid price. 2. The competitive trading system according to claim 1, wherein the successful bid evaluation function is based on a past bidding price per unit amount and a utilization efficiency of a resource that has been bidding in the past. Control method. 3. The control method according to claim 2, wherein the successful bid evaluation function is further based on a resource occupancy in a current bidding. 4. The competition according to claim 2, wherein the successful bid evaluation function is a function for multiplying the past bid price per unit amount by the utilization efficiency of the previously won resource. How to control the trading system. 5. The control method according to claim 4, wherein the successful bid evaluation function is a function for dividing the resource occupancy in the current bidding from the multiplied value. 6. The control method for a competitive trading system according to claim 1, wherein the control method is applicable to a simultaneous bidding method and a competitive bidding method. 7. A first means for disclosing a trading object and its successful bid evaluation function to a plurality of clients, and a highest evaluation value based on the successful bid evaluation function among all bid prices notified from the client. 3rd to win the participant who showed
And a client having second means for allowing a participant to determine the trading target and its bid price using the successful bid evaluation function and to notify the server. Competitive trading system. 8. A first control program for publishing a trading object and its successful bid evaluation function to a plurality of clients, and a highest evaluation based on a successful bid evaluation function among all bid prices notified from the client. A server program of a competitive trading system characterized by having a third control program for making a bid for a participant who has indicated a value; and for the participant, And a client-side program of a competitive trading system, characterized by having a second control program for making a server determine the above.