JP2001263855A - Car air conditioner - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To ensure sufficient heating even for an automobile of low waste heat rate. SOLUTION: First and second refrigerant outboard heat exchangers 12, 13 are disposed, respectively, on the windward side and leeward side of a cooling water outboard heat exchanger 21, so called a radiator. Circulation routers 17, 18 circulate refrigerant through the first refrigerant outboard heat exchanger 12 when a refrigeration cycle is operated and circulate refrigerant through the second refrigerant outboard heat exchanger 13 when a heat pump cycle is operated. Heating capacity is enhanced by exchanging heat between traveling wind heated by the cooling water outboard heat exchanger 21 and refrigerant through the second refrigerant outboard heat exchanger 13 when the outdoor air temperature is low thereby evaporating refrigerant efficiently.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an on-vehicle air conditioner used for an automobile having little waste heat.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Today, automobiles have become a daily necessity and are used in various fields. A typical automobile runs with power from an internal heat engine using gasoline as fuel, and cooling and heating are performed as follows.

[0003] That is, such an automobile is equipped with a refrigeration circuit, and when cooling, the refrigerant is evaporated by an evaporator, and the evaporation heat at this time is taken from the vehicle interior air to perform cooling. I have.

[0004] Heating is performed by heating the air in the vehicle with the heat of cooling water for cooling the engine.

However, in order to obtain driving force by burning gasoline or the like in such automobiles, it has been strongly desired to suppress or regulate harmful substances contained in the exhaust gas.

[0006] Therefore, a hybrid car using only electricity and gasoline as an energy source, a battery car using only electricity as an energy source, and the like have been proposed, and some of them have been practically used.

[0007]

However, such an automobile has a problem that the amount of waste heat is small and sufficient heating cannot be performed.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide an on-vehicle air conditioner capable of sufficiently cooling and heating even an automobile having a small amount of waste heat.

[0009]

Means for Solving the Problems To solve the above problems, the invention according to claim 1 is provided with a heat exchanger outside a cooling water vehicle, which is provided to receive a traveling wind and circulates cooling water for an engine, and an air inside the vehicle. A cooling water circuit provided with a cooling water wheel heat exchanger provided so as to exchange heat with cooling water,
When operating a refrigeration cycle, a first refrigerant external heat exchanger provided on the windward side of the cooling water external heat exchanger, a second refrigerant external heat exchanger provided on the leeward side of the cooling water external heat exchanger Circulates the refrigerant through the first refrigerant external heat exchanger, and circulates the refrigerant through the second refrigerant external heat exchanger when operating the heat pump cycle, and exchanges heat between the refrigerant and the air inside the vehicle. A refrigeration circuit including a refrigerant vehicle heat exchanger, and a damper device that controls an air path whether or not vehicle air that has passed through the refrigerant vehicle heat exchanger passes through the cooling water vehicle heat exchanger, During the heating operation, the damper device is controlled so that the vehicle air heated by the refrigerant vehicle heat exchanger is further heated by the cooling water vehicle heat exchanger, so that sufficient cooling and heating can be performed even in a vehicle having a small amount of waste heat. It is characterized by the following.

[0010] The invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that the second refrigerant external heat exchanger is provided so as to exchange heat between the traveling wind heated by the cooling water external heat exchanger and the refrigerant. .

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a heat exchanger outside the cooling water vehicle provided to receive the traveling wind and circulates cooling water for the engine, and provided to exchange heat with the air inside the vehicle. A cooling water circuit provided with a cooling water wheel heat exchanger, a refrigerant outside heat exchanger provided on the windward side of the cooling water wheel heat exchanger and circulating refrigerant and cooling water, and heat the refrigerant and vehicle air. A refrigeration circuit including a refrigerant vehicle heat exchanger to be exchanged, and cooling for circulating cooling water to the refrigerant external heat exchanger during heating operation and for preventing cooling water from circulating to the refrigerant external heat exchanger during cooling operation. An automobile having a small amount of waste heat is provided with a moisture flow controller and a damper device for controlling an air path whether or not the air inside the vehicle passing through the heat exchanger inside the refrigerant vehicle passes through the heat exchanger inside the cooling water vehicle. To be able to do enough cooling and heating It is characterized in.

The invention according to claim 4 is characterized in that the refrigerant heat exchanger outside the vehicle is formed in a double pipe structure so that the refrigerant and the cooling water circulate.

[0013]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a configuration of an on-vehicle air conditioner according to the present embodiment, which mainly includes a refrigeration circuit 10, a cooling water circuit 20, and a damper device 30 for controlling the flow of air in the vehicle.

The cooling water circuit 20 is provided with a cooling water outside heat exchanger 21 called a radiator in which cooling water is circulated for cooling an engine (not shown) such as an internal heat engine. A cooling water wheel heat exchanger 22 for exchanging heat between air and cooling water, a pump 23 for circulating cooling water therebetween, and the like are provided.

In the following description, it is assumed that the cooling water cools the engine described above. However, the present invention is not limited to this. It may be a target.

The refrigeration circuit 10 includes a compressor 1 for compressing a refrigerant.
1. A first refrigerant is provided to exchange heat with air outside the vehicle.
A refrigerant external heat exchanger 12 and a second refrigerant external heat exchanger 13,
A decompression device 14 for decompressing or restricting the refrigerant, a refrigerant heat exchanger 15 provided so that the refrigerant exchanges heat with air in the vehicle, a four-way valve 16 for switching a circulation path of the refrigerant, and a first refrigerant for cooling.
It has circulation path designators 17 and 18 such as check valves that circulate through the refrigerant outside heat exchanger 12 and circulate refrigerant through the second refrigerant outside heat exchanger 13 during heating.

The first refrigerant outside heat exchanger 12 and the second refrigerant
The refrigerant external heat exchanger 13 is provided such that the cooling water external heat exchanger 21 is sandwiched therebetween and the first refrigerant external heat exchanger 12 is located on the windward side.

With such a configuration, the refrigeration circuit 10 is used for cooling, and the cooling water circuit 20 is used for heating.
And a refrigeration circuit 10.

That is, during the cooling operation, the refrigerant is supplied to the compressor 1
1. The four-way valve 16 is switched so that the first refrigerant heat exchanger 12, the pressure reducing device 14, and the refrigerant heat exchanger 15 are sequentially circulated, and the damper device 30 is positioned at the solid line.

As a result, the refrigerant compressed by the compressor 11 is condensed by exchanging heat with the traveling air in the first refrigerant heat exchanger 12, and is decompressed or throttled by the pressure reducing device 14 to be condensed. Supplied to

At this time, since the first heat exchanger 12 outside the vehicle is provided on the windward side of the heat exchanger 21 outside the cooling water wheel, the temperature of the refrigerant before being heated by the heat exchanger 21 outside the cooling water wheel is added to the refrigerant. Low traveling air is blown, and the refrigerant is efficiently condensed.

The air inside the vehicle is blown to the refrigerant heat exchanger 15 by a fan (not shown), whereby the refrigerant exchanges heat with the air inside the vehicle, evaporates, and returns to the compressor 11.

Since the heat when the refrigerant evaporates is given from the air inside the vehicle, the temperature of the air inside the vehicle decreases accordingly, and the inside of the vehicle is cooled.

At this time, if the in-vehicle air that has exchanged heat with the refrigerant in-vehicle heat exchanger 15 is blown to the cooling water in-vehicle heat exchanger 22, the temperature of the in-vehicle air that has been cooled is increased.
The damper device 30 prevents the air inside the vehicle from being blown to the heat exchanger 22 inside the cooling water vehicle.

On the other hand, during the heating operation, heating by the cooling water circuit 20 and heating by the refrigeration circuit 10 are performed.

Heating by the cooling water circuit 20 is performed by setting the damper device 30 at a dotted line position. That is, the pump 23 is driven at the same time that the internal heat engine is operating, and the cooling water circulates through the heat exchanger 21 outside the cooling water wheel and the heat exchanger 22 inside the cooling water wheel.

At this time, since the damper device 30 is located at the position indicated by the dotted line, the air in the vehicle is cooled by the heat exchanger 2 in the cooling water vehicle.
The air inside the vehicle is heated by the heat of the cooling water to become hot air and is blown into the vehicle at this time.

However, the heating by the cooling water requires that the temperature of the cooling water be sufficiently high or that the cooling water has a sufficient amount of heat. It becomes difficult.

Therefore, in the present invention, in such a case, heating is performed by operating the refrigeration circuit 10 and using it as a heat pump for pumping heat from the outside air.

That is, in this case, the refrigerant flows into the compressor 11,
The four-way valve 16 is switched so that the refrigerant vehicle heat exchanger 15, the pressure reducing device 14, and the second refrigerant vehicle heat exchanger 13 are sequentially circulated, and the damper device 30 is positioned at a dotted line.

Thus, the refrigerant compressed by the compressor 11 exchanges heat with the air in the vehicle in the refrigerant heat exchanger 15. The refrigerant is condensed by the heat exchange, and the air inside the vehicle is heated by the heat of condensation at that time.

The refrigerant condensed in this way is supplied to the decompression device 1
The refrigerant is decompressed or throttled in 4 and exchanges heat with the outside air in the heat exchanger outside the vehicle, evaporates, and returns to the compressor 11.

Generally, heating is performed when the outside air temperature is low, such as in winter. In such a case, the temperature of the traveling wind for exchanging heat with the refrigerant heat exchanger outside the vehicle is low, so that the refrigerant cannot sufficiently evaporate. Heating efficiency decreases.

Therefore, in the present invention, the second refrigerant heat exchanger 13 outside the cooling water wheel is disposed on the lee side of the heat exchanger 21 outside the cooling water wheel. By exchanging heat between the rising running wind and the refrigerant,
The refrigerant is efficiently evaporated to improve the heating efficiency.

The air inside the vehicle, which has been heated by exchanging heat in the refrigerant vehicle heat exchanger 15, has its air path changed by the damper device 30, passes through the cooling water vehicle heat exchanger 22, and is blown into the vehicle. Become.

Therefore, the vehicle air heated by the refrigerant vehicle heat exchanger 15 is further heated by the cooling water vehicle heat exchanger 22 and sufficient heating can be performed.

Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of the on-vehicle air conditioner according to the present embodiment, which mainly includes a refrigeration circuit 10, a cooling water circuit 20, and a damper device 30.

The cooling water circuit 20 is a cooling water outside heat exchanger 24 called a radiator through which cooling water circulates to cool an engine (not shown) such as an internal heat engine, and is provided inside the vehicle and is provided inside the vehicle. A cooling water wheel heat exchanger 22 for exchanging heat between air and cooling water, a pump 23 for circulating cooling water therebetween, and the like are provided.

The refrigeration circuit 10 includes a compressor 1 for compressing a refrigerant.
1, a refrigerant vehicle heat exchanger 19 provided to exchange heat with traveling wind, a decompression device 14 for decompressing or throttling refrigerant, a refrigerant vehicle heat exchanger 15 provided to exchange heat with vehicle air,
It has a four-way valve 16 for switching the circulation path of the refrigerant.

The refrigerant vehicle heat exchanger 19 is formed by fitting a large number of fins such as aluminum plates at predetermined intervals to an aluminum pipe formed in a double pipe structure.
Cooling water circulates in the inner passage of the pipe, and refrigerant circulates in the outer passage.

This pipe is divided into two pipes outside the refrigerant heat exchanger 19, and the cooling water is connected to the piping of the cooling water heat exchanger 24, and the cooling water joins and circulates. .

At this time, a cooling water flow controller 25 such as an electromagnetic valve is provided to control whether or not the cooling water flows into the refrigerant heat exchanger 19 outside the vehicle. This cooling water flow controller 2
5 is to prevent the cooling water from flowing to the refrigerant heat exchanger 19 during cooling, and to supply the cooling water to the refrigerant heat exchanger 1 during heating.
9 so as to flow.

With such a configuration, the refrigeration circuit 10 is used for cooling, and the cooling water circuit 20 is used for heating.
And the refrigeration circuit 10 is also used.

That is, during the cooling operation, the refrigerant is supplied to the compressor 1
1. The four-way valve 16 is switched so that the refrigerant outside heat exchanger 19, the pressure reducing device 14, and the refrigerant inside heat exchanger 15 are sequentially circulated,
While setting the damper device 30 to the position indicated by the solid line,
The cooling water flow controller 25 is closed so that the cooling water does not flow into the refrigerant heat exchanger 19 outside the vehicle.

Thus, the refrigerant compressed by the compressor 11 exchanges heat with the traveling wind in the refrigerant heat exchanger 19 and condenses.

At this time, since the cooling water is not circulating in the heat exchanger 19 outside the coolant and is provided on the windward side of the heat exchanger 24 outside the coolant water, the refrigerant can be efficiently condensed. It becomes possible.

Thereafter, the refrigerant is decompressed or throttled by the decompression device 14, supplied to the refrigerant heat exchanger 15, exchanges heat with the air inside the vehicle, evaporates, and returns to the compressor 11.

Since the heat when the refrigerant evaporates is given from the air inside the vehicle, the temperature of the air inside the vehicle decreases accordingly, and the inside of the vehicle is cooled.

At this time, if the in-vehicle air that has exchanged heat with the refrigerant in-vehicle heat exchanger 15 is blown to the cooling water in-vehicle heat exchanger 22, the temperature of the in-vehicle air that has been angle-cooled rises. The air inside the vehicle is not blown to the heat exchanger 22 inside the cooling water vehicle.

On the other hand, during the heating operation, heating by the cooling water circuit 20 and heating by the refrigeration circuit 10 are performed. In this case, the damper device 30 is set to the dotted line position, and the cooling water flow controller 25 is opened. Thus, the cooling water is diverted and circulated to both the cooling water vehicle heat exchanger 24 and the refrigerant vehicle heat exchanger 19.

When the refrigeration circuit 10 is operated for heating (heat pump operation), the refrigerant sequentially circulates through the compressor 11, the refrigerant vehicle heat exchanger 15, the pressure reducing device 14, and the refrigerant vehicle heat exchanger 19.

As a result, the refrigerant compressed by the compressor 11 exchanges heat with the air inside the vehicle in the refrigerant heat exchanger 15, and the air inside the vehicle is heated by the heat of condensation at that time.

The air path of the vehicle air heated by the refrigerant vehicle heat exchanger 15 is switched by the damper device 30 so as to pass through the cooling water vehicle heat exchanger 22. Accordingly, it is possible to comfortably heat even an automobile which is further heated and has little waste heat such as a hybrid car.

The refrigerant condensed in the refrigerant vehicle heat exchanger 15 in this way is decompressed or throttled by the decompression device 14 and exchanges heat with the running air in the refrigerant vehicle heat exchanger 19 to evaporate.
Return to 1.

In general, heating is performed when the outside air temperature is low as in winter. In such a case, the temperature of the traveling wind for exchanging heat in the heat exchanger 19 outside the vehicle is low, so that the refrigerant can sufficiently evaporate. Heating efficiency will be reduced.

Therefore, in the present invention, the cooling water flow controller 2
5, the cooling water is circulated through the refrigerant heat exchanger 19 outside the vehicle. As described above, the refrigerant outside heat exchanger 19 has a double-pipe structure, in which the cooling water circulates through the inner passage and the refrigerant circulates through the outer passage. Is heated by the heat of the liquid to evaporate efficiently.

Accordingly, in such a configuration, heating can be performed by pumping heat from the traveling wind and the cooling water, and efficient heating can be performed.

[0058]

As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the heat exchanger is provided to receive the traveling wind and circulates the cooling water for the engine, and exchanges heat with the vehicle interior air. Cooling water circuit provided with a heat exchanger inside the cooling water wheel in which the cooling water circulates, a first heat exchanger outside the cooling water vehicle provided on the windward side of the heat exchanger outside the cooling water wheel, A refrigerant is circulated through a second refrigerant external heat exchanger provided downstream of the heat exchanger and the first refrigerant external heat exchanger when operating the refrigeration cycle, and the second refrigerant is operated when operating the heat pump cycle. A circulation path designator that circulates the refrigerant to the refrigerant exterior heat exchanger, a refrigeration circuit including a refrigerant interior heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the refrigerant and the interior air, and an interior air that has passed through the refrigerant interior heat exchanger, The air path to determine whether to pass through the heat exchanger Gosuru since there is provided a damper device,
During the heating operation, the damper device is controlled so that the vehicle air heated by the refrigerant vehicle heat exchanger is further heated by the cooling water vehicle heat exchanger, so that sufficient cooling and heating can be performed even in a vehicle having a small amount of waste heat. become.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the second refrigerant heat exchanger is provided so as to exchange heat between the traveling wind heated by the cooling water vehicle heat exchanger and the refrigerant. By controlling the damper device so that the air inside the vehicle heated by the heat exchanger inside the refrigerant vehicle is further heated by the heat exchanger inside the cooling water vehicle, sufficient cooling and heating can be performed even in an automobile having a small amount of waste heat.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, a cooling water external heat exchanger is provided to receive the traveling wind and circulates the engine cooling water, and the cooling water is provided to exchange heat with the air inside the vehicle. A cooling water circuit provided with a cooling water wheel heat exchanger that circulates, a refrigerant outside heat exchanger that is provided on the windward side of the cooling water wheel outside heat exchanger and circulates refrigerant and cooling water, and refrigerant and vehicle air. A refrigeration circuit having a refrigerant vehicle heat exchanger for exchanging heat, and cooling water circulates through the refrigerant vehicle heat exchanger during heating operation, and prevents cooling water from circulating through the refrigerant vehicle heat exchanger during cooling operation. The cooling water flow controller that performs the cooling and the damper device that controls the air path that determines whether or not the vehicle air that has passed through the refrigerant vehicle heat exchanger passes through the cooling water vehicle heat exchanger have a small amount of waste heat. Cars can heat and cool enough So as to.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, since the refrigerant heat exchanger outside the vehicle is formed in a double pipe structure so that the refrigerant and the cooling water circulate, the refrigerant evaporates even when the outside air temperature is low. Can be efficiently performed, and sufficient cooling and heating can be performed even in an automobile having a small amount of waste heat.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a vehicle-mounted air conditioner applied to the description of a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of a vehicle-mounted air conditioner applied to the description of a second embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Refrigeration circuit 11 Compressor 12 1st refrigerant exterior heat exchanger 13 2nd refrigerant exterior heat exchanger 14 Pressure reducing device 15 Refrigerant interior heat exchanger 17, 18 Circulation path designator 19 Refrigerant exterior heat exchanger 20 Cooling water circuit 21, 24 Heat exchanger outside cooling water wheel 22 Heat exchanger inside cooling water wheel 25 Cooling water flow controller 30 Damper device

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A heat exchanger outside a cooling water wheel provided to receive a traveling wind and circulating cooling water for an engine, and a heat exchanger inside a cooling water wheel provided to exchange heat with air inside the vehicle and circulating the cooling water. A cooling water circuit including a heat exchanger; a first refrigerant heat exchanger outside the heat exchanger outside the cooling water wheel; and a second heat exchanger downstream from the heat exchanger outside the cooling water wheel. When operating the refrigerant outside heat exchanger and the refrigeration cycle, the refrigerant is circulated through the first refrigerant outside heat exchanger, and when operating the heat pump cycle, the second refrigerant is used.
A circulation path designator for circulating the refrigerant to the refrigerant outside heat exchanger;
A refrigeration circuit including a refrigerant heat exchanger for exchanging heat between the refrigerant and the vehicle air; and a wind for determining whether or not the vehicle air that has passed through the refrigerant heat exchanger passes through the cooling water vehicle heat exchanger. And a damper device for controlling a road, wherein during the heating operation, the damper device is controlled such that the vehicle air heated by the refrigerant vehicle heat exchanger is further heated by the cooling water vehicle heat exchanger. On-board air conditioner. 2. The heat exchanger outside the second refrigerant vehicle is provided so as to exchange heat between the traveling wind heated by the heat exchanger outside the cooling water vehicle and the refrigerant. In-vehicle air conditioner. 3. A heat exchanger outside the cooling water wheel provided to receive the traveling wind and circulating cooling water for the engine, and heat inside the cooling water wheel provided to exchange heat with the air inside the vehicle and circulating the cooling water. A cooling water circuit comprising a heat exchanger, a cooling water outside heat exchanger provided on the windward side of the cooling water wheel outside heat exchanger and circulating a refrigerant and the cooling water, and a refrigerant for exchanging heat between the refrigerant and vehicle air. A refrigeration circuit including an in-vehicle heat exchanger, wherein the cooling water circulates through the refrigerant outside heat exchanger during heating operation, and the circulating water does not circulate through the refrigerant outside heat exchanger during cooling operation. A cooling water flow controller; and a damper device that controls an air path as to whether or not the vehicle air passing through the refrigerant vehicle heat exchanger passes through the cooling water vehicle heat exchanger. In-vehicle air conditioner. 4. The on-vehicle air conditioner according to claim 3, wherein the refrigerant external heat exchanger is formed in a double-pipe structure so that the refrigerant and the cooling water circulate.