JP2001132399A - Backfilling method for small-diameter tunnel - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To save the labor and shorten the work period by mechanical construction, backfilling at low cost by a construction machine of a relatively simple constitution, and solving problems such as exhaust gas, noise, and operativity in a tunnel when backfilling an old underground gallery. SOLUTION: In a method for backfilling a gallery A with fluidized materials after laying crushed stones B on a ground (a) in the gallery A, a concrete pavement 2 is constructed on the ground (a) of the gallery A, an electric forklift 3 with a bucket 4 is made to travel on the concrete pavement 2 to carry the crushed stones B, and the crushed stones B carried by the bucket 4 are laid on the ground (a).

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for backfilling a small tunnel such as an underground old tunnel.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art When building a high-rise building or the like on the ground where an old tunnel (small section tunnel) for excavating, for example, silica sand is excavated vertically and horizontally, it is necessary to backfill the tunnel. After pavement material such as crushed stone is laid on the bottom of the inside, a construction method of filling the tunnel with fluidization material (soil + cement, etc.) is adopted.

[0003] As a conventional method of transporting and spreading crushed stones on the ground in a tunnel, materials are loaded on a unicycle or a trolley truck capable of handling crushed stones manually, and each time the crushed stones are moved forward from a shaft to a working position, and each time a step is carried out. Method of constructing a work scaffold by dropping and unwinding crushed stones, a method of continuously installing a general simple belt conveyor and continuously transporting it from the shaft to the work position, or air blowing crushed stones inside the pipe There is a method of pneumatic transportation for transportation.

[0004]

However, the conventional transportation method as described above has the following problems. (1) With a unicycle or trolley truck, the longer the distance and the larger the capacity, the greater the fatigue of the workers and the longer the construction period. When performing mechanized construction to solve this,
Special vehicles need to be planned, which requires excessive capital investment costs, and the production effect on costs is poor.

(2) The method using a general simple belt conveyor is not suitable because it often breaks down due to continuous operation and an increase in the weight of the conveyed material. Building sufficient new belt conveyors is not feasible, as it requires excessive capital expenditures and poor production effects on costs.

(3) The pneumatic transportation method is not suitable because it causes problems such as noise, temperature change, large-scale mechanical equipment, etc., and a lot of pollution occurs in neighboring houses.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and an object of the present invention is to reduce labor and shorten the construction period by mechanized construction. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for backfilling a small-section tunnel which can be carried out at a low cost and can solve the problems of exhaust gas, noise and maneuverability in the tunnel.

[0008]

According to the backfill method of a small-section tunnel according to the present invention, a small-section tunnel (such as an old tunnel used for mining) is laid on a ground in a small-section tunnel. It is a method of backfilling, applying concrete pavement on the ground in the small section tunnel, running an electric forklift with a bucket on the concrete pavement, transporting the crushed stone, and crushing the stone in the small section tunnel. It is characterized by spreading. In the electric forklift, a bucket is mounted on a forklift body by partially improving an existing electric forklift. When the crushed stone has been spread, the inside of the small-section tunnel is backfilled with a fluidizing material (such as soil and cement).

[0009] In the above-described configuration, since the crushed stone is transported and spread by an electric forklift with a bucket running on the concrete pavement, labor saving and shortening of the construction period can be achieved by mechanized construction. In addition, since it is only necessary to attach a specially made bucket to the existing electric forklift body, construction can be performed at low cost with a construction machine having a relatively simple configuration. Furthermore, since it is an electric type, problems of exhaust gas, noise, and maneuverability in a tunnel can be solved. Also, by transporting on concrete pavement and transporting by bucket, material separation phenomenon, diffusion scattering, vibration, etc. can be eliminated,
It is possible to lay crushed stones with good grain size balance, improve the working environment, and improve safety.

[0010]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below based on an embodiment shown in the drawings. This embodiment is an example applied to a case where many old tunnels excavated in a substantially lattice shape in a plan view at a depth of about 50 m underground are backfilled. FIG. 1 shows an example of the method of loading and laying crushed stone material according to the present invention. Figure 2
FIG. 3 shows an example of an electric forklift used in the method for laying crushed stones according to the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1, a shaft 1 having a diameter of about 5 m is constructed from the ground to a position where many old tunnels A are located, and the lower part of the shaft 1 and the ends of the many tunnels A are connected by a horizontal shaft 11. ,
Concrete pavement 2 (width 1.5 ~) on the ground a in each tunnel A
1.7 m, 15 cm in thickness), an electric forklift 3 with a bucket is run on the concrete pavement 2 to transport the crushed stone B, and the crushed stone B is laid on the ground a (concrete pavement 2) at a predetermined thickness. Lay down.

The electric forklift 3 is an existing electric forklift partially modified and used. The forklift has a small and simple structure suitable for a small-section tunnel, and is electrically driven, so that problems of exhaust gas, noise, and maneuverability in the small-section tunnel can be solved. Further, since the footbed of the tunnel A is uneven and the soil is wet, the electric forklift 3 can run smoothly by applying the concrete pavement 2.
The concrete pavement 2 can be easily constructed by a conventional general technique of pumping concrete by a concrete supply pipe provided from a concrete pump truck on the ground through the shaft 1.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the electric forklift 3 is constructed by mounting a specially made bucket 4 on a forklift main body 3a. The bucket 4 is composed of a main body 4a reinforced with ribs in a box shape having an open top and front surface, and a door 4b attached to the front surface so as to be openable and closable. For example, the bucket 4 is provided at a lower corner of the main body 4a on the forklift side. A pair of mounting plates 4c are mounted on a mounting member 3b on the front surface of the forklift main body 3a via a shaft so that the bucket 4 can rotate in the vertical direction, and both ends are connected to the bucket 4 and the forklift main body 3a via pins, respectively. The tilt cylinder 5 can be tilted up and down. The hydraulic system mounted on the forklift can be used for the operation of the tilt cylinder 5.

When loading crushed stones, crushed stones are loaded from the upper opening with the door 4b closed, transported to a predetermined position with the front part of the bucket 4 slightly raised by the tilt cylinder 5, and moved to a predetermined position. , The door 4b is opened, and the front part of the bucket 4 is lowered by the tilt cylinder 5 to lower the crushed stone. For example, as shown in FIG. 3, the door 4 b has a handle 6 attached to the front surface, can be horizontally turned by a shaft attachment portion 7, and can be fixed by a fixing portion 8. The shaft attachment portion 7 is configured by attaching a pipe member 7a to the bucket body 4a and attaching a bar member 7b removably inserted into the pipe member 7a to the door 4b. The fixing portion 8 has a notch 8a having a notch for locking at the lower end of the front end of the door 4b so as to be rotatable in the vertical direction, and has a notch at the upper end of the front end where the notch is locked from above. The receiving bracket 8b is fixed to the bucket body 4a.

As shown in FIG. 1, the crushed stone can be charged into the bottom of the shaft 1 by using a charging pipe 9.
The bottom end of the shaft 1 is positioned about 1.5 m above the ground surface 1 a of the shaft 1, and the crushed stone B input from the hopper device 10 on the ground is deposited on the ground surface 1 a of the shaft 1 in a stable conical shape with a stable repose angle. Mountains are formed and are also stocked in the lower part of the input pipe 9. In addition, this shaft 1
The input of the crushed stone in the inside is not limited to this and other methods may be used.

In the above-mentioned configuration, the work of laying crushed stone and the work of backfilling the mine tunnel are performed in the following procedure. (1) The concrete pavement 2 is constructed on the ground a in the tunnel A using the concrete supply pipe arranged from the ground through the shaft 1 to each of the tunnels A. Electric forklift 3
And the like are carried into the bottom of the shaft 1.

(2) On the ground, crushed stones are put into the hopper device 10 by the backhoe and dropped in the charging pipe 9 to form a cone-shaped pile with a stable repose angle on the ground surface 1a of the shaft 1. At the same time, a predetermined height is deposited in the lower part of the charging pipe 9.

(3) The crushed stone B is loaded into the bucket 4 of the electric forklift 3 from the conical crushed stone pile using a mini backhoe disposed on the ground surface 1a of the shaft 1. The crushed stones B are quickly discharged from the lower end face of the charging pipe 9 to be replenished and replenished by an amount corresponding to the amount consumed by the mini-backhoe, and a stable cone-shaped crushed stone pile is formed. The amount carried out by the mini backhoe is charged and replenished from the ground,
Alternatively, when the stock in the lower part of the input pipe 9 decreases by a predetermined amount, the replenishment is performed from the ground so that the crushed stone B is always deposited in the lower part of the input pipe 9. Such a series of smooth crushed stone fall and stock effect at the bottom of the basement improves the working efficiency. In addition, the crushed stone input work by the backhoe on the ground part is to replenish while measuring the appropriate amount of crushed stone stock in the input pipe, the amount consumed and transported underground by the crushed stone stock in the input pipe and the time of crushed stone input on the ground In this way, there is a "clearance" on the input side, which does not require much time chaining, and the utility of safely descending and transporting crushed stone can be obtained.

(4) Crushed stone B transferred by mini backhoe
Is smoothly transported to a predetermined position in each tunnel A by an electric forklift 3 traveling on concrete pavement 2,
It is spread on the concrete pavement 2 in the tunnel A with a thickness of about 15 to 30 cm.

(5) When the work of spreading the crushed stone B is completed,
The crushed stone B is filled with a fluidized material of soil and cement by appropriate means to backfill the tunnel, and the solidification of the cement restores the ground strength.

[0021]

Since the present invention has the above-described configuration, the following effects can be obtained. (1) Since the crushed stone is transported and spread by an electric forklift with a bucket running on concrete pavement, labor saving and shortening of construction period can be achieved by mechanized construction. (2) Since it is only necessary to attach a special bucket to the existing electric forklift body, construction can be performed at a low cost with a construction machine having a relatively simple configuration. (3) Since it is electrically driven, there is no contamination of air due to exhaust gas in the tunnel, and noise and maneuverability problems can be solved. (4) By transporting concrete pavement and transporting it by bucket, material separation phenomena, diffusion scattering, vibration, etc. can be eliminated, crushed stone laying with good particle size balance, work environment improvement, safety Improvement can be achieved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing one example of a method for loading and laying crushed stone material of the present invention.

FIG. 2 shows an example of an electric forklift with a bucket used in the method for laying crushed stones according to the present invention;
(a) is a side view of the bucket, (b) is a rear view of the bucket,
(c) is a side view showing the state where the bucket was attached.

FIG. 3 shows the door of the bucket of FIG. 2;
Is a perspective view of a bucket, (b) is an exploded perspective view showing a fixing portion of the door, and (c) is an exploded perspective view showing a shaft attachment portion of the door.

[Explanation of symbols]

 A: Tunnel (small section tunnel), a: Ground of the tunnel B: Crushed stone 1: Vertical shaft, 1a: Ground floor 2: Concrete pavement 3: Electric forklift 3a: Forklift body, 3b: Mounting member 4 … Bucket 4a… bucket body, 4b… door 4c… mounting plate 5… tilt cylinder…… handle 7… shaft attaching part 7a… pipe material, 7b… rod material 8… fixed part 8a… 8b: receiving bracket 9: crushed stone input pipe 10: hopper device 11: horizontal shaft

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A method in which crushed stone is laid on the ground in a small-section tunnel, and then the small-section tunnel is backfilled. Concrete pavement is applied on the ground in the small-section tunnel, and an electric forklift with a bucket is used. A method for backfilling a small-section tunnel, wherein the crushed stone is transported on the concrete pavement, and the crushed stone is laid on the ground in the small-section tunnel.