JP2001116500A - Electrical fuse - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Problem] A fuze can be mounted in an ammunition, the fuze is safely released by the gas pressure and acceleration of the firing, and the piezoelectric element is generated by the gas pressure to generate power.
A small, lightweight, highly safe and reliable electric fuse with a structure that is not affected by the propellant gas and that operates even at a low angle of impact. SOLUTION: The gas pressure of the launch is received at a gas pressure inlet 19,
Electric power is generated by the piezoelectric element 16, stored in the capacitor in the electronic circuit section 20, the gas pressure pin 29 is pushed up by the trigger mechanism 6 with the gas pressure in the gas receiving groove 32, and the ball that stops the rotor 11 is removed. The retreat pin mechanism 13 operates to remove the ball 14. After a predetermined time by the clock mechanism 5, the rotor rotates, the ball 22 moves at the reduced acceleration of the impact, and the impact switch 21 operates. As a result, the electric charge of the capacitor is supplied to the electric squib via the electric circuit passing through the pin terminal 27 of the contact pin 26 from the elastic switch, and the squib is detonated. If an electric circuit is not formed due to external factors, the self-destruct mechanism operates by the operation of the trigger mechanism,
Detonate an electric detonator.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an electric fuse, and more particularly, to an electric fuse which is mounted inside a small-sized bullet having a relatively small firing acceleration, such as a shell, a rocket, a bomb, a missile warhead or a shot.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, electric fuses used for shells, rockets, bombs, missile warheads and the like use a method of compressing a piezoelectric body by using the acceleration of firing and storing the generated electric energy in a capacitor, There has been a method in which a piezoelectric body is attached to the tip of the device, and the piezoelectric body is compressed by an impact at the time of impact to obtain an electromotive force. The former is used as a power generation mechanism for field gun fuze where the acceleration when firing ammunition reaches tens of thousands of G, and the latter is used for ammunition for tank guns, but the acceleration when firing is as small as several thousand G It is difficult to obtain the power required for detonation, and when the angle of impact of the ammunition is small, the component of the impact force generated by the impact at the time of impact is small, making it difficult to obtain the electromotive force required for detonation However, there is a disadvantage that misfiring easily occurs. Also, MIL-STD-1316E stipulates that two different physical quantities are used as a means of releasing the safety of the fuze, but an algorithm for how to use these physical quantities well and release them safely is described. Construction and
The design of the mechanism has been an important issue. For example, when gas pressure is used for safety release, new methods such as a method of using gas or a method of designing a mechanism, or a method of preventing gas pressure from entering a movable part such as a rotor or a structure such as an electronic circuit unit, etc. We needed to find a solution. In addition, when the angle at the time of impact and impact impact are small, there is a problem that there is a physical quantity that can be used, but it is too small and it is difficult to use it.
It has been difficult to design a fuse that has good operability, is lightweight and has a good weight balance as a whole.

[0003]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the foregoing, the present invention can be mounted inside an ammunition, and releases the safety of the fuse by using two physical quantities, the gas pressure of the firing and the acceleration of the firing. The piezoelectric element is compressed by the gas pressure of the firing, the generated electric energy is stored in the capacitor, and the structure is not affected by the firing gas, and while maintaining safety during flight, even if the impact angle is small, An object of the present invention is to obtain a small, lightweight, highly safe and reliable electric fuse that can be operated.

[0004]

In order to achieve the above object, the electric fuse of the present invention comprises a rotor and an electric squib, and rotates the rotor to a position where the squib terminal of the electric squib contacts the contact pin. A rotor mechanism, a trigger mechanism that operates with gunpowder combustion gas pressure when firing ammunition, pushes up the gas pressure pin, releases the safety of the rotor and enables rotation, and a trigger mechanism that operates with acceleration at the time of firing ammunition to release the safety of the rotor A retractable pin mechanism that enables rotation and a trigger mechanism and a retractable pin mechanism that operate to release the rotor safely by operating the same, a clock mechanism that has a speed adjusting function in cooperation with the rotor and measures a predetermined time,
An ammunition switch which operates to ammunition of an ammunition, a gas pressure power generation mechanism for generating electric power by an explosive combustion gas pressure at the time of firing the ammunition, an electronic circuit unit for storing electric energy from the gas pressure power generation mechanism in a capacitor, A self-destruct mechanism for detonating the electric detonator after a predetermined time by the operation of the trigger mechanism,
Forming a contact circuit by the rotation of the rotor, and forming an electric circuit for supplying electric energy from the capacitor to the electric squib via the contact pin and the squib terminal by the operation of the elastic switch; The detonator is detonated, and if an electric circuit is not formed due to external factors, the electric detonator is detonated by a self-destruct mechanism.

The trigger mechanism includes a gas receiving groove for receiving an explosive combustion gas pressure, a trigger main body that is raised when a safety claw is subjected to a predetermined gas pressure or more in the gas receiving groove, and a trigger main body. And a firing pin for initiating the self-destruct mechanism by ascending.

The self-detonating mechanism comprises a stab detonator which is pierced and detonated by a firing pin provided in a trigger mechanism, a postponed drug which burns for a predetermined time due to the detonation of the stab detonator, and an output which ignites and burns after the postponed drug is burned. Consisting of a drug, drilled in the rotor,
The detonation wave of the output medicine is guided to the electric detonator through a hole that is in communication with the self-destruct mechanism by the rotation of the rotor, and the electric detonator is detonated.

The impact switch includes a ball that moves due to an impact acceleration, a mover for transmitting movement of the ball in all directions, a spring for transmitting the movement of the mover, the ball and the mover. And a case surrounding the spring,
The spring is coupled to a Y-shaped terminal coupled to an electronic circuit portion, and a contact terminal of the mover is brought into contact with a contact terminal provided in the electronic circuit portion by elastic acceleration to form an electric circuit for firing; It is configured to detonate an electric detonator.

In the rotor, the operation of the gas pressure pin and the operation of the retreat pin mechanism at the time of firing the ammunition act substantially simultaneously, so that the safety is released and the rotor becomes rotatable.

The gas pressure generating mechanism comprises a piezoelectric element for generating electric energy, an upper electrode plate mounted on the upper surface of the piezoelectric element, and a lower electrode plate mounted on the lower surface of the piezoelectric element. In addition, the lower electrode plate is formed of a thin plate to reduce the weight and suppress generation of electric energy due to vibration or impact during transportation or handling.

The electronic circuit section is provided with a discharge circuit for discharging electric energy stored in a capacitor for a predetermined time, and when the electric detonator does not detonate when an ammunition is loaded,
After a predetermined time, electric energy is discharged in the discharge circuit,
It should be less than the misfire energy. The time required for discharging the electric energy may be set to about 30 minutes.

The electric fuse is composed of an upper fuse comprising a rotor mechanism, a retreat pin mechanism, a clock mechanism, a contact pin, a gas pressure pin and a self-destruct mechanism, a trigger mechanism, an impact switch, a gas pressure generating mechanism and an electronic circuit. The fuse is divided into a lower fuze body to facilitate the assembly and disassembly of the electric fuze and to facilitate the inspection of the electrical contact points connected to the squib terminal of the squib of the rotor mechanism.

A cap for covering the upper fuse body is provided, and the electronic circuit portion is filled with a filler having an insulating property. The electric circuit and the electronic circuit portion are exposed to an atmosphere ionized by explosive combustion gas. In addition to preventing the electric energy generated by the gas pressure power generation mechanism from discharging and dissipating into the atmosphere, the cap allows moisture or soot generated by the combustion of the explosive to enter the respective mechanisms of the upper fuse and operate. To prevent failures.

[0013]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of the present invention will be described based on embodiments with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an external perspective view of a main part of an electric fuse according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIGS. 2 to 4 are structural views of a main part, and FIG. In FIG. 1, 1 is an upper fuse, 2 is a lower fuse, 3 is a cap covering the upper fuse 1, 4 is a rotor mechanism, 5 is a clock mechanism, and 6 is a trigger mechanism.

In FIG. 2, reference numeral 11 denotes a rotor, and 12 denotes an electric squib. The rotor 11 and the electric squib 12 constitute a rotor mechanism 4. 13 is a retractable pin mechanism that operates with the acceleration of ammunition firing,
Reference numeral 14 denotes a rotor stop ball which comes out of the recess of the rotor 11 by the operation of the retreat pin mechanism 13, and reference numeral 15 denotes a gas pressure power generation mechanism, which includes a piezoelectric element 16, an upper electrode plate 17 and a lower electrode plate 18, and The piezoelectric element 16 is compressed by the flowing gas pressure to generate electric energy. Reference numeral 20 denotes an electronic circuit for storing electric energy from the gas pressure generating mechanism 15 in a capacitor. Reference numeral 21 denotes an elastic switch, which includes a ball 22, a mover 23, a spring 24, and a case 25. 26 is a contact pin, 27 is a pin terminal of the contact pin 26, and 28 is a spring. Reference numeral 29 denotes a gas pressure pin pushed up by the operation of the trigger mechanism 6.

Reference numerals 31 to 34 in FIG. 3 constitute the trigger mechanism 6, 31 is a trigger main body, 32 is a gas receiving groove, 33 is a safety claw, and 34 is a firing pin. Reference numeral 35 denotes a self-destruct mechanism, which comprises a stab primer 36, a postponing medicine 37 and an output medicine 38. Reference numeral 39 denotes a hole formed in the rotor 14. Reference numeral 41 in FIG. 4 denotes a rotor stop ball which is disengaged from the recess of the rotor 11 by the operation of the gas pressure pin 29, and moves the rotor stop balls 41 and 14 to release the safety of the rotor 11 and make it rotatable. In FIG. 5, 51 is a mover contact terminal,
52 is a Y-shaped terminal and 53 is a contact terminal (half black circle in the figure), which operates in conjunction with the operation of the elastic switch 21. 54 is an electric detonator
There are 12 detonating cylinder terminals.

The upper fuse 1 includes a rotor mechanism 4, a clock mechanism 5, a retreat pin mechanism 13, a contact pin 26, a gas pressure pin 29, a self-destruct mechanism 35, and the like. It comprises an arrival switch 21, a gas pressure power generation mechanism 15, an electronic circuit section 20, and the like. As described above, the electric fuse is divided into the upper fuse 1 and the lower fuse 2, so that the electric fuse is easy to assemble and disassemble, and the electric contact portion connected to the squib terminal 54 of the squib 12 can be inspected. Becomes easier. Further, the upper fuse 1 is covered with a cap 3 (formed of, for example, aluminum), and the gap is filled with a filler.
Is filled with an insulating filler, whereby the electric circuit and the electronic circuit section 20 are exposed to the atmosphere ionized by the explosive combustion gas, and the electric energy generated by the gas pressure power generation mechanism 15 is discharged into the atmosphere. In addition, it prevents water or soot and the like generated by the combustion of the explosive from invading the respective mechanisms of the upper fuze 1 and preventing operation from being disturbed. Most of the mechanisms (about 90% or more of the entire mechanism) except the cap 3, the rotor mechanism 4 and the timepiece mechanism 5 are made of synthetic resin to reduce the size and weight.

Next, the operation of the electric fuse according to the present invention will be described. The electric fuse is mounted at a substantially central portion of the ammunition, and the combustion gas generated by the firing of the ammunition is guided from below in the figure through the gas inlet hole. This combustion gas reaches the gas pressure inlet 19 shown in FIG. 2 and passes through the lower electrode plate 18 of the gas pressure generator 15 to the piezoelectric element.
Compress 16 to generate electrical energy. The electric energy generated by the piezoelectric element 16 is transferred to the upper electrode plate 17 and the lower electrode plate.
It is taken out via 18 and guided to the electronic circuit section 20 by a lead wire, and stored in a capacitor. The upper electrode plate 17 and the lower electrode plate 18 are formed of thin plates to reduce the weight so that electric energy is not easily generated by small vibrations and shocks during transportation and handling of the ammunition and the electric fuse.

The combustion gas from the firing of the ammunition is simultaneously
And reaches the gas receiving groove 32 of the trigger mechanism 6 shown in FIG.
When the gas pressure received in the gas receiving groove 32 is equal to or higher than a predetermined value, the safety claw 33 is sheared, the trigger main body 32 is pushed up, and the gas pressure pin 29 is pushed up. By the operation of the gas pressure pin 29, the rotor stop ball 41 shown in FIG. On the other hand, the retracting pin mechanism 13 shown in FIG. 2 is actuated by the firing acceleration of the ammunition, and the rotor stopping ball 14 comes out of the recess of the rotor 11. The rotor 11 has these two rotor stopper balls
When 41 and 14 come off substantially simultaneously, the safety is released, and in synchronization with the release of the safety, the clock mechanism 5 shown in FIG. 1 starts measuring time. Then, when a predetermined time is measured and the time is up, the rotor 11 linked therewith by the built-in spring is
Rotate 270 °. As a result, the squib terminal 54 (see FIG. 5) of the electric squib 12 comes into contact with the pin terminal 27 of the contact pin 26, and the squib 12 is detonated when the elastic switch 21 is operated.

As shown in FIG. 5, the elastic switch 21 has an integral structure in which a Y-shaped terminal 52 is connected to the electronic circuit section 20, and the spring 24 is connected to the Y-shaped terminal 52. When the ammunition hits the target, the impact switch 21 operates at the deceleration during impact (impact acceleration). That is, the ball 22 moves upward with the deceleration, pushes up the mover 23, and the mover contact terminal 51 comes into contact with the contact terminal 53 of the electronic circuit section 20. As a result, the contact terminal 53, the mover contact terminal 51, the mover 23, the spring 24, the Y-shaped terminal 52, and the pin terminal 27 of the contact pin 26 are connected to form an electric circuit for firing the ammunition. The electric energy stored in the capacitor of the unit 20 flows to the squib terminal 54 in contact with the pin terminal 27 by the rotation of the rotor 11, and the squib 12 is detonated. It should be noted that the bottom of the mover 23 is formed in a conical shape with an angle, so that even if the ammunition hits at a low angle, that is, when the ammunition hits at a rubbing state (for example, about 5 °),
Make 22 move easily. Also, the shape of the pin terminal 27 and the Y-shaped terminal 52 of the contact pin 26 is vertically asymmetric,
Make sure that you can't assemble it if you turn it wrong.

As described above, the rotor 11 is released from safety during rotation of the ammunition by the gas pressure and acceleration of the ammunition firing, and rotates.
An electric circuit is formed by impact, electric energy is supplied from a capacitor of the electronic circuit unit 20, and the electric squib 12 is detonated.However, there are cases where the electric circuit is not formed due to some external factor. is there. The self-destruct mechanism 35 is provided for this purpose, and the electric detonating cylinder 12 is detonated in a sequence different from the sequence of detonation by the electric circuit. That is, the trigger main body 32 is pushed up by the gas pressure of the combustion gas by the firing of the ammunition, whereby the firing pin 34 provided in the trigger main body 32 shown in FIG. The stab is detonated, detonated, and the detonating medicine 37 is ignited by detonation of the stab detonator 36. The postponed medicine 37 gradually burns from below, and after burning for a predetermined time, the output medicine 38 is ignited. When the self-destruct mechanism 35 is activated, the rotor 11 has already been rotated by 270 ° (clockwise rotation in the figure), and a hole 39 formed in the rotor 11 is in communication with the self-destruct mechanism 35. As a result, the detonation wave reaches the electric squib 12 through the hole 39 due to the combustion of the output medicine 38, and the electric squib 12 is detonated.

As described above, this electric fuse is highly reliable in that it operates in two sequences. However, even when the series of operations from launch to impact is normal, the impact switch 21 does not operate. Or the self-destruct mechanism 35 does not work,
Various malfunctions may occur. In this case, the ammunition remains as an unexploded bomb, and there is a possibility that the ammunition may be detonated at an unexpected time by the electric energy stored in the capacitor of the electronic circuit unit 20. For this reason, a discharge circuit for discharging the electric energy stored in the capacitor for a predetermined time (for example, about 30 minutes) is provided in the electronic circuit unit 20, and the stored energy is discharged by the discharge circuit when the above-described electric circuit is not formed. So that it is lower than the misfiring energy.

[0022]

As described above, according to the electric fuse of the present invention, the retreat pin mechanism of the rotor operates with the acceleration of the ammunition firing, and the gas pressure pin operates with the combustion gas pressure of the ammunition firing. As a result, the safety is released and the motor can be rotated. Then, an electric circuit is formed by the rotation of the rotor and the operation of the impact switch due to the deceleration at the time of impact. It operates even at a low angle of about 5 °), whereby the electric energy generated by the gas pressure power generation mechanism and stored in the capacitor of the electronic circuit section is supplied to the electric squib via the electric circuit and detonated. It detonates when the two operation sequences operate normally, and furthermore, when an electric circuit is not formed due to some external factor, the self-destruct mechanism operates and detonates the electric detonator. Those with high reliability. Since the electric fuse is divided into an upper fuse and a lower fuse, it is easy to assemble and disassemble, and it is easy to check the electrical contacts of the electric detonator.
90% or more is made of synthetic resin, so it is smaller and lighter than most of the conventional mechanisms made of metal. Also, the upper fuse is covered with a cap, and the gap with the cap is filled with filler. Since the electronic circuit part is also filled with an insulating filler, the electric circuit and the electronic circuit part are exposed to an atmosphere ionized by the explosive combustion gas, and electric energy is discharged and dissipated in this atmosphere. In addition, it is highly reliable that moisture, soot and the like generated by the burning of the explosive do not enter into each mechanism of the upper fuze body and do not cause any trouble in operation.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an external perspective view of a main part of an electric fuse according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a structural view of an electric fuse according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a structural view of an electric fuse according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a structural view of an electric fuse according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an operation explanatory view of an elastic switch and a contact pin mechanism.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Upper fuse body 2 Lower fuse body 3 Cap 4 Rotor mechanism 5 Clock mechanism 6 Trigger mechanism 11 Rotor 12 Electric blast cylinder 13 Retraction pin mechanism 14, 41 Rotor stop ball 15 Gas pressure power generation mechanism 16 Piezoelectric element 17 Upper electrode plate 18 Lower electrode Plate 19 Gas pressure inlet 20 Electronic circuit 21 Ammunition switch 22 Ball 23 Mover 24, 28 Spring 25 Case 26 Contact pin 27 Pin terminal 29 Gas pressure pin 31 Trigger body 32 Gas receiving groove 33 Safety claw 34 Shooting pin 35 Self-destruct Mechanism 36 Detonating primer 37 Deferred drug 38 Output drug 39 Hole 51 Mover contact terminal 52 Y-shaped terminal 53 Contact terminal 54 Detonator terminal

Claims (10)

[Claims] 1. A rotor mechanism comprising a rotor and an electric squib, the rotor mechanism rotating the rotor to a position where a squib terminal of the electric squib contacts a contact pin, and a gas pressure operated by an explosive combustion gas pressure at the time of firing an ammunition. A trigger mechanism that pushes up a pin to release the rotor safety and makes it rotatable; a retreat pin mechanism that operates at an acceleration at the time of firing an ammunition to release the safety of the rotor and makes it rotatable; When the mechanism operates, the rotor is released safely, has a speed control function in cooperation with the rotor, has a clock mechanism that measures a predetermined time, an ammunition switch that operates when an ammunition is loaded, and a A gas pressure power generation mechanism for generating power by the explosive combustion gas pressure, an electronic circuit unit for storing electric energy from the gas pressure power generation mechanism in a capacitor, and the electric squib after a predetermined time by the operation of the trigger mechanism. A self-explosion mechanism for initiating an explosion, forming a contact circuit by rotation of the rotor, and actuating an impact switch to transfer electric energy from the capacitor to the electric detonator via the contact pin and the detonator terminal. An electric fuse for forming an electric circuit for supplying, detonating an electric detonator, and detonating the electric detonator by the self-destruct mechanism when the electric circuit is not formed due to an external factor. 2. The trigger mechanism includes: a gas receiving groove for receiving an explosive combustion gas pressure; a trigger main body that is raised when a safety claw is sheared when a gas pressure greater than a predetermined value is received in the gas receiving groove; 2. An electric fuse according to claim 1, further comprising: a firing pin provided on the trigger main body for raising the self-destruct mechanism by ascending. 3. The self-destruct mechanism includes a stab primer that is pierced and detonated by a firing pin provided in the trigger mechanism, a postponed drug that burns for a predetermined time due to the detonation of the stab primer, and an ignition port after the postponed drug is burned. It comprises a combustible output medicine, and guides the detonation wave of the output medicine to an electric detonator through a hole which is formed in the rotor and is in communication with the self-destruct mechanism by rotation of the rotor, thereby detonating the electric detonator. 3. An electric fuse according to claim 1, comprising: 4. The ballistic switch includes a ball that moves by a ballistic acceleration, a mover for transmitting movement of the ball in all directions, and a spring for transmitting movement of the mover.
The ball, the mover, and a case surrounding the spring, wherein the spring is coupled to a Y-shaped terminal coupled to the electronic circuit portion, and the movable element is connected to a contact terminal provided in the electronic circuit portion by elastic acceleration. 2. An electric fuse as claimed in claim 1, wherein said electric contacts are contacted to form an electric circuit for firing, and the electric squib is detonated. 5. The apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the operation of the gas pressure pin and the operation of the retreat pin mechanism at the time of firing the ammunition act substantially simultaneously,
The electrical fuse according to claim 1, wherein the electrical fuse is made rotatable by releasing safety. 6. The gas pressure power generation mechanism includes a piezoelectric element for generating electric energy, an upper electrode plate attached to an upper surface of the piezoelectric element, and a lower electrode plate attached to a lower surface of the piezoelectric element. 2. An electric fuse according to claim 1, wherein the upper electrode plate and the lower electrode plate are formed of thin plates to reduce weight and suppress generation of electric energy due to vibration or impact during transportation or handling. 7. A discharge circuit for discharging electric energy stored in a capacitor for a predetermined time in said electronic circuit portion,
If the electric squib does not detonate when the ammunition is loaded, the electric energy is discharged to the discharge circuit after a predetermined time,
2. An electric fuse according to claim 1, wherein the electric energy is equal to or less than a misfiring energy. 8. The electric fuse according to claim 7, wherein a time required for discharging the electric energy stored in the capacitor is set to about 30 minutes. 9. An electric fuse, comprising: an upper fuse comprising the rotor mechanism, a retreat pin mechanism, a clock mechanism, a contact pin, a gas pressure pin, and a self-destruct mechanism; the trigger mechanism; It is divided into a lower fuze body composed of an electronic circuit part, so that the electric fuze can be easily assembled and disassembled, and the electrical contact portion connected to the squib terminal of the electric squib of the rotor mechanism can be easily inspected. 2. An electric fuse according to claim 1, wherein: 10. A cap for covering said upper fuse body, and said electronic circuit portion is filled with a filler having an insulating property, and said electric circuit and said electronic circuit portion are exposed to an atmosphere ionized by explosive combustion gas. The electric energy generated by the gas pressure power generation mechanism is prevented from being discharged and dissipated into the atmosphere, and the cap causes moisture or soot generated by the combustion of the explosive to enter the respective mechanisms of the upper fuse body. 10. An electric fuse according to claim 9, wherein an operation is prevented from being disturbed.