JP2001113462A - Grinder - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Problem] To perform both continuous dressing grinding and normal grinding other than continuous dressing grinding with a single grinder. SOLUTION: A main shaft 6 on which a grindstone tool 80 for grinding a workpiece 7 is detachably mounted, the main shaft is rotatably supported, and is relatively movable in three orthogonal directions with respect to the workpiece. A spindle head 5, a dressing device main body 11 which is relatively movable in the W-axis direction parallel to the spindle axis direction with respect to the spindle head, and is provided so as to be relatively movable with respect to the dressing device main body, and dresses the grindstone 8. Supporter 45 that rotatably supports the dresser 12 for rotation. During continuous dressing grinding, the dressing device body 11 is moved to the dressing position,
During normal grinding other than continuous dressing grinding, the dressing apparatus main body is moved to a retreat position where the workpiece does not interfere with at least the dresser.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a grinding machine for performing continuous dressing grinding of a workpiece with a rotating grindstone (grinding grindstone) and other usual grinding work.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A continuous dressing grinding process in which a dressing device is provided on a grinding machine or a grinding center and the dressing device simultaneously performs an operation of dressing a grindstone and an operation of the grindstone grinding a workpiece is called "machining". Machine Series Advanced Grinding Technology "(Issued by Okawa Publishing Co., Ltd., issued on September 20, 1985), No. 55
It is a known technique described in "Continuous Dressing Creep Feed Grinding" on page 60. Further, Japanese Patent Publication No. 3-27342 discloses a grinding machine provided with a dressing device and having two grinding spindles.

[0003]

However, the grinding machine described in Japanese Patent Publication No. Hei 3-27342 discloses a grinder.
The grinding spindle carrier moves up and down with respect to the column, and the dressing device moves up and down with respect to the grinding spindle carrier. for that reason,
Only the grinding head carried by the grinding spindle supported by the grinding spindle carrier cannot be moved, and as a result, only the grinding wheel tool of the grinding head cannot be moved. Therefore, the dressing tool and the grinding tool cannot be largely separated so that the workpiece does not interfere with the dressing tool of the dressing device (corresponding to a dresser), and the grinding wheel of the grinding tool is moved around the workpiece to perform grinding. It was difficult to process.

[0004] When the amount of movement of the dressing device relative to the grinding spindle carrier is increased in order to largely separate the dressing tool and the grindstone tool, the size of the grinding spindle carrier, the column, the motor, the spindle drive unit and the like increases. In addition, the cost increases due to factors such as increasing the energy consumption for moving each of the larger components. Further, this grinding machine is provided with two grinding spindle supports for supporting the grinding spindles, and each grinding spindle carries a grinding head having a plurality of grinding wheel tools. With this grinding head, one work (workpiece) is processed. At the same time, it has a complicated structure that can be ground from the opposite side. While this configuration may be suitable for grinding certain types of turbine blades, it is not necessarily suitable for grinding various workpieces other than the turbine blades. That is, there has been a problem that versatility is lacking.

Further, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 62-199359 and Japanese Patent Publication No. 6-37031 disclose techniques for performing continuous dressing grinding with a grinding machine. However, this prior art also has a configuration in which a dresser and a dresser drive unit are provided on a grinding wheel head, and the grinding wheel is moved around the workpiece by performing a large separation between the grinding wheel tool and the dresser to perform grinding. Can not.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve such problems, and a single grinder can perform both continuous dressing grinding and normal grinding other than continuous dressing grinding. An object of the present invention is to provide a grinding machine capable of freely retracting a continuous dressing device during normal grinding to freely perform grinding or the like over the entire circumference of a workpiece.

[0007]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, a grinding machine according to the present invention comprises a main spindle on which a grindstone tool for grinding a workpiece is detachably mounted, and the main spindle is rotatable. And a spindle head that is relatively movable with respect to the workpiece in three orthogonal directions including a direction parallel to the axis direction of the spindle, and a direction parallel to the spindle axis direction with respect to the spindle head. A dressing device main body that is relatively movable, and a dresser that is provided in the dressing device main body so as to be relatively movable with respect to the dressing device main body in a direction orthogonal to the main shaft axis direction and rotates a dressing wheel of the grindstone tool. And a dresser support that supports the dresser, wherein the dresser simultaneously performs an operation of dressing the grindstone and an operation of the grindstone grinding the workpiece. At the time of the continuous dressing grinding,
The dressing device main body is moved to a dressing position where the dressing stone can be dressed by the dresser, and at the time of normal grinding other than the continuous dressing grinding, the dressing device is at a retracted position where the workpiece and at least the dresser do not interfere with each other. The main body is moved. It is preferable that the dressing device main body is provided on the spindle head via a guide means so as to be relatively movable. A driving device for relatively moving the dressing device main body relative to the spindle head in a direction parallel to the main shaft axis direction includes a drive motor. It is preferable that the dresser is positioned at a desired position in accordance with the position of the outer peripheral grinding surface of the grindstone by controlling the movement of the main body in a direction parallel to the main shaft axis direction. The dresser support preferably includes a dresser support portion rotatably supporting the plurality of dressers, and an indexing mechanism for indexing the dresser by indexing and rotating the dresser support portion. . The spindle head is provided so as to be movable in at least one axial direction among two axial directions orthogonal to the spindle axial direction, the dressing device main body is provided separately from the spindle head, and the dressing device main body is provided. The driving device that moves in the one axis direction may move the dressing device main body in synchronization with the movement of the spindle head in the one axis direction during the continuous dressing grinding. In addition, the dresser includes at least two or more different outer peripheral surface portions so as to respectively correspond to the different outer peripheral grinding surfaces of the whetstones of the plurality of whetstone tools that are detachably mounted on the main spindle. Is preferred.

[0008]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. (First Embodiment) FIGS. 1 to 5 are views for explaining a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a grinding machine according to the first embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a right side view showing a schematic configuration of a main part of the grinding machine, showing a state where continuous dressing grinding is being performed. Is a right side view of the grinding machine, showing a state in which normal grinding other than continuous dressing grinding is being performed. FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing the operation of the grinding machine. FIG. 4A shows a state of continuous dressing grinding, and FIG. 4B shows a state of normal grinding.

First, the grinding machine will be described. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, in the grinding machine 1, a column 4 is erected on a bed 3 so as to be movable in a horizontal direction, and a spindle head 5 is provided on the column 4 so as to be movable in a vertical direction. Is provided. A spindle 6 is rotatably supported on the spindle head 5. A direction parallel to the axis of the main shaft 6 is defined as a Z-axis direction, and each axis direction orthogonal to the Z-axis and forming a rectangular coordinate system is defined as X-axis.
An axis (the axis in the horizontal direction) direction and a Y axis (the axis in the vertical direction) direction. The spindle 6 is driven to rotate by a spindle motor (not shown). A grindstone tool 80 is provided at the front end of the spindle 6.
Is detachably mounted. A grindstone (grinding grindstone) 8 for grinding the workpiece 7 is attached to the grindstone tool 80. The spindle 6 is provided with a known tool clamp / unclamp mechanism for detachably mounting a tool such as a tool having a BT tool shank, a two-sided restraint tool such as an HSK tool, at the spindle end. The grinding wheel tool 80 is clamped and unclamped on the main shaft 6 by this tool clamp / unclamp mechanism. A pair of guide rails 25 are mounted on the upper surface of the bed 3 in parallel in the X-axis direction. The column 4 is disposed on the two guide rails 25 so as to be movable in the X-axis direction. Column 4 is a guide rail 25
Through an X-axis ball screw (not shown).
The shaft servomotor reciprocates on the bed 3 in the X-axis direction. The guide surface that guides column 4 is a rolling guide,
It may be a sliding guide or the like.

The spindle head 5 has a head body 30 movably supported by the column 4 and a head body 30 from the head body 30.
And a nose portion 31 protruding forward in the axial direction.
A pair of parallel guide rails 32 are attached to the column 4 in the Y-axis direction. The head body part 30
It is guided by the guide rail 32 and reciprocates in the Y-axis direction. A guide surface for guiding the head body portion 30 of the spindle head 5 may be a rolling guide, a sliding guide, or the like. In parallel with the guide rail 32, the screw shaft 33 of the Y-axis ball screw
Are arranged in the Y-axis direction. A nut (not shown) fixed to the head body 30 is screwed into the screw shaft 33. The screw shaft 33 is rotationally driven in the forward and reverse directions by a Y-axis servomotor 35 mounted on the upper part of the column 4. When the screw shaft 33 rotates by being driven by the Y-axis servomotor 35, the spindle head 5 is guided by the guide rail 32 and reciprocates in the Y-axis direction via a nut.

A pair of guide rails 26 are mounted on the upper surface of the bed 3 in parallel in the Z-axis direction. The table device 13 is disposed on the two guide rails 26 so as to be movable in the Z-axis direction. The guide surface for guiding the table device 13 may be a rolling guide, a sliding guide, or the like.
When a Z-axis servo motor (not shown) is driven, the table device 13 is guided by the guide rail 26 and reciprocates in the Z-axis direction via a ball screw (not shown). The table device 13 has a table 13a. The table 13a is provided so as to be rotatable and indexable in a B-axis direction (direction around the Y-axis), and can rotate the workpiece 7 around the B-axis to index. An indexing table 27 is provided on the upper surface of the table 13a so as to be rotatable and indexable in the A-axis direction (around the horizontal axis orthogonal to the B-axis).
The indexing table 27 detachably supports the workpiece 7 via the fixture 28 and can rotate the workpiece 7 in the A-axis direction to index.

On the side of the bed 3, a tool magazine 15 accommodating one or more grindstone tools 80 is provided. The main body of the tool magazine 15 is provided with an automatic tool changer (hereinafter referred to as ATC) 14 for automatically changing the grindstone tool 80. The ATC 14 has a tool exchange arm 16 of a twin arm type. The tool change operation is performed between the spindle 6 and the tool magazine 15 by the tool change arm 16. The tool change arm 16 holds the grindstone tool 8 with one gripper 17 and the other gripper 18 respectively.
0 is detachably gripped. Then, the grippers 17, 18
Performs a turning operation about the turning axis (not shown) of the tool changing arm 16 and an advancing and retreating operation in the axial direction of the turning axis, so that the storage pot and the main spindle 6 of the tool magazine 15 are moved.
The replacement operation of the grinding wheel tool 80 is performed. The grindstone 8 of the grindstone tool 80 mounted on the main shaft 6 by the ATC 14 and the workpiece 7 on the table 13a are moved in the direction parallel to the center axis line of the main shaft 6 (hereinafter referred to as the main shaft axis line) CL direction (Z axis direction). The workpiece 7 is relatively moved in the three orthogonal axes directions including A and B axes, and the main shaft 6 is driven to rotate, thereby performing the grinding of the workpiece 7 with the rotating grindstone 8. . The movement in the X-axis direction is described as the movement of the column 4, the movement in the Y-axis direction is described as the movement of the spindle head 5, and the movement in the Z-axis direction is described as the movement of the table device 13. It is not limited to. That is, while rotating the grindstone 8 of the grindstone tool 80 mounted on the main spindle 6, the workpiece 7 and the grindstone 8 are relatively moved in at least three orthogonal directions including a direction parallel to the central axis direction of the main spindle 6. Any grinding machine that grinds the workpiece 7 may be used.

A coolant supply unit 22 is provided near the body of the grinding machine 1. The coolant supply unit 22 includes:
A tank for storing a coolant (such as a cutting fluid or a grinding fluid) La, a pump for sending the coolant La at a predetermined pressure and a predetermined flow rate, and other devices are provided.
A nozzle support device 21 having a coolant nozzle 20 is attached to the spindle head 5. The nozzle support device 21 pivots around the main axis CL. The coolant La is supplied to a desired position by moving the coolant nozzle 20 around the main axis CL and in a direction parallel to the main axis CL with the nozzle support device 21.
The coolant supply unit 22 applies a coolant La having a predetermined pressure to a coolant nozzle 20 at a grinding point (grinding position) 23 where the grindstone 8 grinds the workpiece 7 and an outer peripheral grinding surface 9 of the grindstone 8 during grinding. To cool and remove chips (grinding) and the like (see FIG. 4).

Next, the continuous dressing device 1 of the grinding machine 1
0 will be described. In the grinding machine 1, the direction of the grindstone 8 with respect to the direction of the spindle axis CL (that is, the left side in FIG. 2) will be described as the front. A continuous dressing device 10 for continuously dressing the grindstone 8 during grinding is movably provided on the spindle head 5. The dressing device main body 11 of the continuous dressing device 10 can reciprocate with respect to the spindle head 5 in a direction parallel to the direction of the spindle axis CL (the W-axis direction parallel to the Z-axis direction).
The dressing apparatus main body 11 is provided so as to be relatively movable on the spindle head 5 (here, the head body 30 of the spindle head 5) via the guide means 62.

A pair of parallel guide rails 65 are attached to the head body 30 in the W-axis direction.
Slide body 6 fixed to dressing device body 11
6 is movably engaged with the guide rail 65. The guide means 6 is formed by the guide rail 65 and the slide body 66.
2 are configured. The dressing apparatus main body 11 is guided by the guide rail 65 and reciprocates in the W-axis direction.
The guide surface of the guide means 62 for guiding the dressing apparatus body 11 may be a rolling guide, a sliding guide, or the like.
The head body 30 may be provided with a slide body, and the dressing device body 11 may be provided with a guide rail. In parallel with the guide rail 65, a screw shaft 67 as a feed screw of the W-axis ball screw is arranged in the W-axis direction. The dressing device main body 11 is
A nut (not shown) fixed to is screwed.
The drive device for relatively moving the dressing device main body 11 in the W-axis direction with respect to the spindle head 5 includes a W-axis servomotor 68 as a drive motor. The W-axis servo motor 68 is provided on the spindle head 5. The W-axis servo motor 68 is mounted on the head body portion 30 of the spindle head 5 via a support member 69. Screw shaft 6
7 is rotationally driven in the forward and reverse directions by a W-axis servo motor 68. When the screw shaft 67 rotates by being driven by the W-axis servomotor 68, the dressing device main body 11 is guided by the guide rail 65 and reciprocates in the W-axis direction within a predetermined stroke range via a nut.

The dresser support 45 is provided so as to move relatively to the dressing apparatus main body 11 in the V-axis direction parallel to the Y-axis direction. This dresser support 4
By rotating the dresser 12 rotatably supported by 5,
The grindstone 8 is dressed. During continuous dressing grinding, the operation of the dresser 12 dressing the grindstone 8 and the operation of the grindstone 8 grinding the workpiece 7 are performed simultaneously. During the continuous dressing grinding, the dressing apparatus main body 11 is moved to a dressing position where the dresser 12 can dress the grindstone 8. As a result, the workpiece 7 is ground by the grindstone 8 while dressing the grindstone 8 by the dresser 12. On the other hand, when performing a normal grinding process other than the continuous dressing grinding process, the dressing device main body 11 is moved to the retreat position (that is, the retreat position) where the workpiece 7 and at least the dresser 12 (here, the continuous dressing device 10) do not interfere. And actively separate it from the spindle head 5. Then, the grindstone 8 is freely moved relatively around the work 7, and the work 7 is ground by the grindstone 8.

A dresser support 4 reciprocally movable by a V-axis servomotor 47 is provided on the dressing device body 11.
5 are provided. A pair of parallel guide rails 44 is attached to a front portion of the dressing device main body 11 in a V-axis direction parallel to the Y-axis direction. Dresser support 45
Are guided by two guide rails 44 and reciprocate in the V-axis direction. Between the two guide rails 44, a screw shaft 46 of a V-axis ball screw is arranged in parallel with the guide rails 44. A nut (not shown) fixed to the dresser support 45 is screwed into the screw shaft 46. The screw shaft 46 is rotationally driven in the forward and reverse directions by a V-axis servomotor 47 mounted on the upper part of the dressing device main body 11. When the screw shaft 46 rotates by being driven by the V-axis servo motor 47, the dresser support 45 reciprocates in the V-axis direction via a nut while being guided by the guide rail 44. Since the dresser support 45 is driven by the V-axis servomotor 47 and moves in the V-axis direction with respect to the spindle head 5 (the dressing device main body 11), the dresser 12
Can be moved by a predetermined amount to dress the whetstone 8.

A dresser rotation driving motor 48 is built in the dresser support 45. The dresser 12 has a center axis CL1 in a direction parallel to the main axis CL. In order to rotatably support the dresser 12 on the dresser support 45, shaft portions at both ends of the dresser 12 are rotatably supported by bearing devices 49 and 50 having a built-in bearing. The dresser 12 is driven to rotate by a dresser rotation driving motor 48 via pulleys 51 and 52 and a belt 53. Screw shaft 67 with servo motor 68 for W axis
Is rotated to control the movement of the dressing apparatus main body 11 in the W-axis direction, whereby the W of the outer peripheral grinding surface 9 of the grindstone 8 is controlled.
The dresser 12 is positioned at a desired position in the W-axis direction according to the position in the axial direction. Therefore, the grinding wheel tool 80
Even if the tool length H, the thickness T of the grinding wheel 8 (dimension in the axial direction), the shape of the grinding wheel outer peripheral surface, etc. are different depending on the grinding tool 80,
The outer peripheral surface of the dresser 12 can be positioned at a desired position corresponding to the outer peripheral grinding surface 9 of the grindstone 8.

The dressing apparatus main body 11 is provided with a first detected part 41, and the head body part 30 of the spindle head 5 is provided with a first detector S1. When the first detector S1 detects the first detected portion 41, it is confirmed that the dressing apparatus main body 11 has moved to the retreat position and is retreating. As shown in FIG.
The second detected part 42 is attached to 0. The second detected portion 42 can be detected by the second and third detectors S2 and S3 attached to the column 4. Second
Detector S2 detects that the spindle head 5 has moved to the upper limit position, and the third detector S3 detects that the spindle head 5 has moved to the lower limit position.

Next, the operation of the grinding machine 1 will be described.
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, as a result of the tool exchange between the tool magazine 15 and the spindle 6 by the operation of the tool exchange arm 16 of the ATC 14, the grindstone tool 80 having the desired grindstone 8 is attached to the spindle 6. Attached, dressing device body 11
However, as shown in FIG. When performing a continuous dressing grinding process in which the dresser 12 is continuously dressing the grindstone 8 during the grinding process with the grindstone 8, it is necessary to relatively advance the dressing device main body 11 from the retracted position with respect to the spindle head 5. There is. For this purpose, first, the W-axis servomotor 68 is driven, and the dresser 12
The dressing device main body 11 is advanced in the W-axis direction so as to move to a desired position in the axial direction. Then, the continuous dressing apparatus 10 is positioned such that desired outer peripheral surfaces 19a and 19b (FIG. 5) of the dresser 12 are located above the outer peripheral grinding surface 9 of the grindstone 8 of the grindstone tool 80.

Next, when the V-axis servo motor 47 is driven, the dresser support 45 moves in the V-axis direction via the ball screw, and the dresser 12 can be brought into contact with or separated from the grindstone 8. The dressing of the grindstone 8 can be performed by bringing the outer peripheral surface of the dresser 12 that is rotationally driven by the dresser rotational drive motor 48 into contact with the outer peripheral grinding surface 9 of the grindstone 8. Since both ends of the dresser 12 are supported at both ends by the dresser support 45,
The dresser 12 does not escape from the grindstone 8 due to the load during dressing. In this state, if the drive of the Y-axis servomotor 35 is controlled, the spindle head 5 and the dressing apparatus main body 11 move integrally in the Y-axis direction. In this way, the movement of the spindle head 5 and the dressing apparatus body 11 is integrally controlled in the Y-axis direction, and the movement of the column 4 and the table 13a are controlled in the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction. Further, by the table 13a and the indexing table 27,
The workpiece 7 is rotated around the B-axis and the A-axis for indexing, and the main shaft 6 is driven to rotate. As a result, FIGS.
As shown in (A), the workpiece 7 can be ground by the grindstone 8 while the dresser 12 continuously dresses the grindstone 8. When the continuous dressing grinding is continued, the diameter of the grindstone 8 gradually decreases due to wear. Therefore, if the V-axis servomotor 47 is driven and controlled in accordance with the change in the diameter of the whetstone 8 and the dresser support 45 is moved in the V-axis direction and toward the spindle head 5, the dresser 12 is continuously operated. The grinding wheel 8 can be dressed.

Next, a description will be given of an operation in a case where, after the above-mentioned continuous dressing grinding processing, the processing is shifted to normal grinding processing and executed. For that purpose, the dressing device main body 11 is retracted to the retracted position with respect to the spindle head 5. First, the V-axis servo motor 47 is driven to move the dresser support 45 up to a predetermined height position in the Y-axis direction. At the time of this raising operation, the outer peripheral grinding surface 9 of the grindstone 8, the spindle head 5, etc. are raised to a position where the dresser 12 and the dresser support 45 do not interfere with each other. Next, the drive control of the W-axis servomotor 68 is performed to move the dressing apparatus body 11 backward in the W-axis direction to the retreat position. The retreat of the dressing device body 11 to the retreat position indicates that the first detector S that detects the first detected portion 41
Confirmed by signal 1. Since the dressing apparatus main body 11 is actively retracted to the rear retract position in this manner, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4B, the grindstone 8 is freely moved relative to the periphery of the workpiece 7 and The object 7 can be ground. Since the dressing device main body 11 is retracted to the retracted position at the rear, the grinding tool 80 and the work 7
However, there is no possibility of interference with the dresser 12, the dresser support 45, and the like, and the grinding can be freely performed over the entire circumference of the workpiece 7 by the grindstone 8.

In the above-mentioned continuous dressing grinding process and normal grinding process, the coolant La is supplied from the coolant supply unit 22 to the grinding position 23, so that heat generation during the grinding process can be prevented, and Discharge can also be performed smoothly. In addition, during continuous dressing grinding, coolant La is supplied to the outer peripheral grinding surface 9 of the grindstone 8 from its normal direction, so that shavings of the grindstone 8 generated at the dressing position 24 are blown off,
Clogging of the outer peripheral grinding surface 9 can be prevented, and the grinding stone 8
Good sharpness can always be maintained. Therefore, it is possible to favorably grind a turbine blade (workpiece) or the like that requires particularly sharp grinding at all times. In addition, the dressing device main body 11 is located forward,
Even if the grindstone 8 is freely moved relative to the work 7 with the dresser 12 raised, the grindstone tool 80 or the work 7
In the case of grinding that does not interfere with the dresser 12, the dresser support 45, etc., the dressing device body 11
Need not be moved backward to the retracted position.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing the positional relationship between the grindstone and the dresser. As shown in FIGS. 2, 3, and 5, when the grinding wheel tool 80 is mounted on the spindle 6, the length H from the reference position h 1 of the spindle 6 to the tip position h 2 of the grinding wheel 8 is a tool of the grinding wheel tool 80. Long. When grinding the workpiece 7 with the grindstone 8, the tool length H of the grinding wheel tool 80, the shape of the outer peripheral grinding surface 9, and the like are determined according to the shape of the workpiece and the conditions of the grinding processing. For example, in a grinding process for performing a high-load grinding, a high rigidity is required for the grinding wheel tool 80, and therefore, it is preferable to perform the grinding process with the grinding wheel tool 80 having a short tool length H. Further, depending on the shape of the workpiece, it may be necessary to use the grinding tool 80 having a long tool length H so that the grinding tool 80 does not interfere with the workpiece 7. In some cases, the outer peripheral grinding surface 9 of the grindstone 8 is formed in a predetermined shape (for example, an uneven shape) corresponding to a shape (for example, an uneven shape) of the workpiece 7 to be ground. At this time, the outer peripheral surface of the dresser 12 needs to be formed in a shape corresponding to the shape of the workpiece 7 to be ground. As described above, if the conditions of the grinding process, the shape of the workpiece 7 and the like are changed, it is necessary to use the grindstone tool 80 and the dresser 12 properly in accordance with the grinding process.

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 5, each of the grinding wheels 8a of the plurality of grinding wheel tools 80a to 80c is formed by one dresser 12a.
The dresser 12a has at least two or more different shapes such as a first shape outer surface portion 19a and a second shape outer surface portion 19b so as to correspond to the outer peripheral grinding surfaces 9a and 9b of different shapes, respectively. Conveniently, the outer peripheral surface portion is provided. In addition, although the case where the dresser 12a is provided with the outer peripheral surface portions 19a and 19b of two kinds of shapes is shown, the outer peripheral surface portions of three or more shapes may be provided. By doing so, the outer peripheral grinding surface 9a of the grindstone can be dressed on the outer peripheral surface portion 19a of the first shape of the dresser 12a, and the outer peripheral grinding surface 9b of another grindstone can be dressed on the outer peripheral surface portion 19b of the second shape. it can.

However, the dresser support 45 is not
Moves only in the V-axis direction, but cannot move relative to the W-axis direction, the position of the dresser 12a in the W-axis direction cannot be changed. Therefore, the grinding stones 8a, 8b
Position of the outer peripheral grinding surfaces 9a and 9b of the dresser 12
The tool lengths Ha, Hb of the grindstone tools 80a, 80b, 80c need to be determined dependently so as to match the position of the shape of the outer peripheral surface portion 19a of the first shape or the outer peripheral surface portion 19b of the second shape. . As a result, the selection of the tool length is limited, and it is difficult to use a grindstone tool having an optimum tool length for grinding the workpiece.

On the other hand, in the present invention, the dresser can be controlled to move in the W-axis direction as described above.
There is no restriction on the choice of tool length. That is, FIG.
As shown in (B) and (C), the tool lengths Ha, Hb, Hc and the outer peripheral ground surface 9a having a predetermined shape, which are optimal for the grinding conditions, are obtained.
The grindstones 8a, 8b and 8c having 9b can be freely selected. Then, the W-axis servo motor 68 is drive-controlled to move the dresser 12a (dresser support 45) in the W-axis direction, select the desired outer peripheral surface portion 19a or 19b of the dresser 12a, and select the grindstone 8a, What is necessary is just to match with the position of the outer peripheral grinding surface 9a or 9b of 8b or 8c. The dresser 12a is easily and accurately positioned in the W-axis direction by the W-axis servo motor 68. As a result, for example, as shown in FIG. 5 (A), when it is desired to use a highly rigid grinding wheel tool, a grinding wheel tool 80a having a short tool length Ha can be used. FIG.
As shown in (C), in the case of a grinding process in which there is a possibility of interference between the grinding tool and the workpiece 7, a grinding tool 80c having a long tool length Hc may be used. Thus, in the present invention, since there is flexibility regarding the selection of the grinding wheel and the tool length,
A grindstone tool having a tool length suitable for the grinding of the workpiece can be selected, and the grinding wheel or the continuous dressing grinding can be favorably performed with the grindstone. Further, when grinding a workpiece having a complicated shape (for example, a turbine blade), it is necessary to perform grinding with a plurality of types of outer peripheral surface grinding wheels on one workpiece, but different types of shapes are required. Dressing or dressing during continuous dressing grinding can be easily performed by freely selecting the grindstone tools in sequence.

(Second Embodiment) FIGS. 6 and 7 show a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a front view showing a part of the continuous dressing device 10a provided in the grinding machine. FIG. 7A is a right side view of FIG. FIG. 7B is a sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. 7A. The same or corresponding parts as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted. Only different parts will be described. As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7A, the dresser support 45a moves relatively to the dressing device main body 11 in the V-axis direction parallel to the Y-axis direction.
It is provided at the front of the dressing device main body 11. A plurality of (for example, two) dressers 12b and 12c are supported by the dresser support 45a so as to be indexable and rotatable. A dresser rotation drive motor 48a is attached to the dresser support 45a. Dresser 12b, 12
c is the central axis CL1 in a direction parallel to the main axis CL.
have. The dresser support 45a supports the dresser 12
Dresser support 75 for rotatably supporting b, 12c
And by rotating the dresser support 75 as shown by arrow E and moving it as shown by arrow F,
An indexing mechanism 76 for indexing the dresser 12b or 12c. The two dressers 12b and 12c are mounted 180 degrees apart radially outward of the dresser support 75. The dresser rotation drive motor 48a and each dresser 12b or 12c can be engaged and disengaged by a joint member 77. When the dresser rotation driving motor 48a and one of the dressers 12b (or the dresser 12c) are directly connected by the joint member 77,
The dresser 12b is driven by the dresser rotation drive motor 48a.
Is driven to rotate, and the grinding wheel 8 can be dressed.

The dresser support 75 has an indexing shaft 74
Are integrally formed to project rearward. Indexing shaft part 74
Has the same central axis CL2 as the dresser support 75.
, A piston 78 disposed on the rear side and a gear 79 disposed on the rear side of the piston 78 are attached. The dresser support portion 75 is supported by the main body 89 of the dresser support 45a so as to be indexable and slidable in the direction of the center axis CL2. The piston 78 is slidably fitted in a cylinder chamber 81 formed in the dresser support main body 89. When a pressure fluid 82 such as pressure oil or compressed air is supplied to one pressure chamber 84 or the other pressure chamber 85 of the cylinder chamber 81 via the electromagnetic switching valve 83, the piston 78 moves to the center as shown by the arrow F. Axis line CL
Move forward and backward in two directions. The dresser support 75 and the gear 79 also move forward and backward integrally with the piston 78. Gear 7
9 meshes with a gear 87 on the output side of the indexing motor 86 attached to the dresser support main body 89. The dresser support 75 can be connected to and disconnected from the dresser support main body 89 by a clutch mechanism 88 that engages and disengages clutch teeth. That is,
As shown in FIG. 7B, the clutch mechanism 88 includes clutch teeth (fixed-side clutch teeth) on the dresser support main body 89 side.
The clutch teeth (rotating clutch teeth) 88b on the dresser support portion 75 side engage with 88a to enter a connected state, and the disengagement of both clutch teeth 88a, 88b results in a non-connected state.

When the piston 78 slides in the direction of the center axis line CL2 and the dresser support 75 moves forward to the left in FIG. 7, the clutch mechanism 88 and the joint member 77 are disengaged. In this disconnected state, if the indexing motor 86 is driven to rotate the gear 79 through the output gear 87 by 180 degrees, the piston 78 and the dresser support 75 rotate by 180 degrees as shown by the arrow E. And the other dresser 1
2c (or dresser 12b) is indexed at a position facing the dresser rotation driving motor 48a. In this state, if the electromagnetic switching valve 83 is switched to supply the pressure fluid 82 to one of the pressure chambers 84 and the piston 78 and the dresser support 75 are retracted, the clutch mechanism 88 and the joint member 77 are connected. . As a result, the dresser support 75 is engaged with the dresser support main body 89 by the clutch mechanism 88 and is positioned and held in a non-rotating state. When the dresser rotation drive motor 48a is driven,
Since the indexed dresser 12c rotates through the joint member 77, another dressing stone can be dressed. The two dressers 12 are attached to the dresser support 75.
Although the case where b and 12c are provided is shown, the number of dressers is three.
Or more (for example, three or four).
Further, the outer peripheral surfaces of the dressers 12b and 12c may have a shape shown in FIG. As described above, in the present embodiment, since the dressers 12b and 12c are indexed by the indexing mechanism 76, the desired dresser 1 is set in accordance with the type of the grindstone.
It can be exchanged for 2b or 12c. As a result, at least two types of grinding stones are dressed by the dressers 12b and 12c.
, Automatic dressing or continuous dressing can be performed, and continuous dressing grinding can be performed under various grinding conditions. For example, it is also effective for grinding the turbine blade.

(Third Embodiment) FIG. 8 shows a third embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a right side view showing a schematic configuration of a main part of a grinding machine 90 according to the embodiment, and is a diagram corresponding to FIG. 2. The same or corresponding parts as in the above embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted. Only different parts will be described. As shown in FIG.
In the grinding machine 90 having the continuous dressing device 10b of the present embodiment, the spindle head 5 is provided so as to be movable in at least one axis direction (Y-axis direction) among two axis directions orthogonal to the spindle axis CL direction. The dressing device main body 11 of the continuous dressing device 10b is provided on the lift 93 separately from the spindle head 5. The elevating table 93 is movably supported by the column 4 and reciprocates in the Y-axis direction while being guided by the guide rail 32. Dressing device body 1
A servomotor 91 for following the continuous dressing device is mounted on the upper portion of the column 4 as a drive device for moving the motor 1 in the one-axis direction (Y-axis direction). Servo motor for Y axis 3
5 and the servo motor 91 for following the continuous dressing device,
It is controlled by the control device 92.

The dressing device main body 11 is supported by a lift 93 via a guide means 62 having a guide rail 65 and a slide body 66, and is guided by the guide means 62 so as to be movable in the W-axis direction. I have. Elevator 9
3, a W-axis servomotor 68 is mounted via a support member 69. The driving force of the servo motor 91 for following the continuous dressing device is controlled by a screw shaft 94 of a ball screw that is driven to rotate in the forward and reverse directions, and a nut (not shown) attached to the elevating table 93 and screwed into the screw shaft 94. And the dressing device main body 11 together with the lift 93
Is reciprocated in the Y-axis direction. The elevating table 93 is moved by the servomotor 91 for following the continuous dressing device to the spindle head 5.
And always moves in the Y-axis direction. Therefore, the servomotor 91 for following the continuous dressing device is controlled to follow the moving of the dressing device body 11 in synchronization with the movement of the spindle head 5 in the Y-axis direction during the continuous dressing grinding. By doing so, the spindle head 5
Because the weight of the continuous dressing device 10 does not
The load on the Y-axis servomotor 35 can be reduced. Note that the second and third embodiments also have the same functions and effects as the first embodiment.

As in the first to third embodiments, if the dressing apparatus main body 11 is advanced and the dresser 12, 12a, 12b or 12c is arranged near the grindstone, continuous dressing grinding can be performed. . Further, only dressing can be performed. At the time of normal grinding other than continuous dressing grinding, if the dressing apparatus body 11 is retracted and the dresser is actively separated from the grindstone and retracted, the grindstone can be freely moved around the workpiece 7. Can be. As a result, a single grinder can freely perform both continuous dressing grinding and normal grinding over the entire circumference of the workpiece 7 without performing continuous dressing. Since the dressing device main body 11 and the dresser supports 45 and 45a can be positively and greatly separated from the periphery of the grindstone and evacuated, during normal grinding, the continuous dressing device 10,
Interference between the workpieces 10a and 10b and the workpiece 7 can be prevented. As a result, the operator can create the NC machining program without worrying about the presence or absence of the interference.

In each of the above embodiments, the case where the W-axis servomotor 68 is used as the driving device for moving the dressing device main body 11 relative to the spindle head 5 in the W-axis direction has been described. As an example, a cylinder device is provided in place of the W-axis servo motor 68, and the dressing device main body 11 is moved by a predetermined distance between the front dressing position and the rear retract position (that is, between the two positions). It may be a case of reciprocating with a stroke of. As another modified example, a dressing device main body 11 may be roughly moved by a cylinder device using a drive device combining a cylinder device and a servomotor, and then a small amount of movement control may be performed by a servomotor. By doing so, the length of the ball screw can be reduced. In the drawings, the same reference numerals indicate the same or corresponding parts.

[0035]

Since the present invention is constructed as described above, a single grinding machine can perform both continuous dressing grinding and ordinary grinding other than continuous dressing grinding. At times, the continuous dressing device is positively retracted, so that grinding or the like over the entire circumference of the workpiece can be freely performed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 to FIG. 5 are views showing a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a grinding machine.

FIG. 2 is a right side view showing a schematic configuration of a main part of the grinding machine.

FIG. 3 is a right side view of the grinding machine.

4A and 4B are explanatory diagrams showing the operation of the grinding machine. FIG. 4A shows a state of continuous dressing grinding, and FIG. 4B shows a state of normal grinding other than continuous dressing grinding. I have.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing a positional relationship between a grindstone and a dresser.

FIG. 6 is a front view showing a part of a continuous dressing apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

7 (A) is a right side view of FIG. 6, partially showing a cross section, and FIG. 7 (B) is a cross sectional view taken along line BB of FIG. 7 (A).

FIG. 8 is a right side view showing a schematic configuration of a main part of a grinding machine according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1,90 grinder 5 spindle head 6 spindle 7 workpiece 8,8a to 8c grinding stone 9,9a, 9b outer peripheral grinding surface 11 dressing device main body 12,12a, 12b, 12c dresser 19a outer peripheral surface of first shape (outer peripheral surface) 19b Outer peripheral surface (outer peripheral surface) of second shape 45, 45a Dresser support 62 Guide means 67 Screw shaft (feed screw) 68 Servo motor (drive motor) for W shaft 75 Dresser support 76 Indexing mechanism 80, 80a 80c Grinding wheel tool 91 Servo motor (drive unit) for following the continuous dressing device CL Axis of main shaft

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A spindle on which a grindstone tool for grinding a workpiece is detachably mounted, and a direction parallel to an axial direction of the spindle with respect to the workpiece while rotatably supporting the spindle. A spindle head relatively movable in three orthogonal directions including: a dressing device main body relatively movable with respect to the spindle head in a direction parallel to the main axis direction; and a main shaft axis direction with respect to the dressing device main body. A dresser supporting body provided on the dressing device main body so as to be relatively movable in a direction perpendicular to the direction, and rotatably supporting a dresser for dressing a grindstone of the grindstone tool, wherein the dresser dresses the grindstone. During the continuous dressing grinding process in which the grinding operation is performed simultaneously with the grinding operation of the workpiece by the grinding wheel, the dresser is used to dress the grinding wheel. Moving the dressing device main body to a dressing position capable of sizing, and moving the dressing device main body to a retreat position where the workpiece and at least the dresser do not interfere with each other during normal grinding other than the continuous dressing grinding. Grinding machine characterized by doing. 2. The grinding machine according to claim 1, wherein the dressing device main body is provided on the spindle head via a guide means so as to be relatively movable. 3. A drive device for relatively moving the dressing device body relative to the spindle head in a direction parallel to the axis direction of the spindle includes a drive motor, and the drive motor drives a feed screw to rotate. The dresser is positioned at a desired position in accordance with the position of the outer peripheral grinding surface of the grinding wheel by controlling the movement of the dressing device main body in a direction parallel to the main shaft axis direction. Grinding machine according to 1. 4. The dresser support includes a dresser support for rotatably supporting the plurality of dressers, and an indexing mechanism for indexing the dresser by indexing and rotating the dresser support. The grinding machine according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein: 5. The spindle head is provided so as to be movable in at least one of two axial directions orthogonal to the spindle axis direction, the dressing device main body is provided separately from the spindle head, and the dressing is provided. The drive device for moving the device body in the one-axis direction is characterized in that the driving device moves the dressing device body in synchronization with the one-axis direction movement operation of the spindle head during the continuous dressing grinding. The grinding machine according to claim 1, wherein the grinding machine is used. 6. The dresser has at least two or more differently shaped outer peripheral surfaces so as to respectively correspond to the differently shaped outer peripheral grinding surfaces of the grindstones of the plurality of grindstone tools removably mounted on the main spindle. The grinding machine according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising a surface portion.