JP2001178390A - How to process Xianfeng - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for processing Spanish needle (Bidens pilosa L.) to a state comfortably eatable without difficulty and exhibiting sufficient drug action. SOLUTION: The whole grass of Spanish needle is collected, washed, cut to a proper length and boiled. The stalk of the boiled grass is loosened under crushing and dried at a temp. of 50-90 deg.C with hot air flow.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

[Industrial application field] Bidens pilo
sa L. ) Is a plant of the genus Asteraceae belonging to the genus Asteraceae, which is referred to in Japan as Kosendangusa, Koshironosendangusa, Shirobananasendensa or simply Sendangusa. There are many varieties in Xianfeng, Bidens p
ilosa L. var. minor (Bl.) Sh
erff, Bidens pilosa L .; var.
radiata Sch. Bip. Some of them are called and cross each other. In China, it is even more nicknamed: Doujiraku, Oni-Kusa, Miba-Isa-Kusa, Mitsuha-Sashi-Koshi, Sashi-Kashi-Goshi, Baba-Kashi-Goshi, Shiraka-Baba-Gaku-Suri, Ega-Gus-Goshi, Saku-in-Gus, Sin-in-Goshi, and Seki-Sen. certain,
There are names such as Kanan silver disc, wind-weed, south wind-weed, shrimp shears, and a certain child. Japanese name Kobanosendangsa ( Bidens b
ipinnata L .; ) And Sendangsa ( Biden )
s bitternata or Bidens bit
ernata (Lour.) Merrill et S
herff), Hosovanosendangusa ( Bidens)
parviflora Willd) also belongs to the genus Sendangsa and is used almost similarly. In addition, a naturalized plant native to North America, the American Sendangsa ( Bidens frnd)
osa L. ) Is commonly used by beekeepers. Confusion has been seen in botany, and the correspondence between Japanese names, Chinese names, and scientific names has been mixed. Xianfeng grass used in the present invention includes these.

[0002] Flowers are peculiar to the Asteraceae family, with 5 to 8 tongue-like flowers, such as white or yellow round petals, and several tens of tan tubular flowers in the center. The stem has square, light purple colored nodes. The leaves, which are divided into three or five wings, have a handle, and the edges are jagged to counteract.

[0003] In Japan, it is found south of the warm region of Honshu, Taiwan,
Plant height 25-85c distributed throughout China and the tropics of the world
m annual grass. Blessed with warm climate conditions, flowers bloom one after another. There are needles with barbs on the top of the black-brown seeds that are carried on the clothes of animals and humans, and in China they are called Oni-kusa.

The taste in Chinese medicine is slightly cold to flat, sweet to bitter and non-toxic. Traditionally, sprout, young leaves and young stalks are eaten raw, fried or boiled and soaked for food. Juice that has been thoroughly washed and excluding twigs and leaves has been popular as a soft drink. It does not act on colon bacilli but is resistant to pathogenic bacteria and is known to inhibit S. aureus in in vitro tests.

[0005] Xianfeng is a herb that has been around for a long time,
Drying and decocting the above ground as a folk herb, antipyretic, detoxifying, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antidiarrheal, diuretic, hepatitis, nephritis, cephalititis, diabetes, cystitis, urethritis, rheumatic arthritis, bronchitis,
It has been used internally for swelling, gastrointestinal diseases, diarrhea, indigestion, etc., and has been used externally for swelling and pain in the throat and bruises. In general, if it is fresh, 10-15 g of water is decocted in 400 ml of water, boiled down to half and drink. In particular, for severe cecal inflammation with adhesions, drink decoction or eat sprout as it is,
Alternatively, if you grind about 60 g and drink the juice (you can add a little nectar or salt), the inflammation and pain will stop. Swollen sore throat pain should be gargled as soon as it is drunk, and has some bactericidal and bacteriostatic action. It has been used for trauma such as bruises, and for washing and topically applying to swollen areas.

[0006] In Taiwan, there are many people who use wild folk medicines such as prickles and genoshoko in Japan as household folk medicines. It is said that flowers have a yellow color but have a weak effect and are good for medicinal purposes. Also a Chinese medicine doctor
You can get Xianfeng soybean extract powder at the drugstore you use.

[0007] As described above, despite the fact that Xianfeng has been widely used in China or Taiwan for a long time, its usefulness is little known in Japan, as it is used in a part of Okinawa Prefecture. Compared to the days when modern people lived together with nature, as well as nature, the spread of air pollution and the spread of chlorinated waterworks and air conditioners, as well as the development of lighting, led to an increase in sleep time. Insufficient and irregular food and beverages, such as low-temperature beverages due to the spread and development of refrigerators and cold chains, and the consumption of foods that are not always safe and contain food additives and environmentally-derived chemicals. Therefore, the tendency to avoid genetically modified foods and to welcome organically grown vegetables is increasing year by year.

In view of these trends, mild medicinal plants, such as Xianfeng grass, which have been given from the natural world, can recover the healthy life of the past in the sense of returning to nature for modern humans poisoned by civilization. Is considered to be a noteworthy material.

The present inventors have paid attention to the usefulness of Xianfeng so
As a result of in vitro or in vivo tests, it was suggested that the active oxygen scavenging action, the glucose tolerance improving action, the anti-inflammatory action and the like were suggested.

[0010]

2. Description of the Related Art A herb used as a needle-piercing herb is mainly composed of B. americana Bidens pilosa L .; Alternatively, Kobanosendangsa (= Bidens bipi
nnata L. et al . ) Whole grass (dried above ground in autumn)
Is sun-dried. It is also used as an extract like general crude drugs. In addition, as described above, it may be used raw, and as a beverage such as tea, only a sun-dried beverage is used.

[0011]

Despite being a useful medicinal herb as described above, Xianfeng herbs have a unique smell and a slight throat as well as a unique aroma and subtle sweetness when infused and drunk. It has a stinging irritability, and some people are quite resistant to drinking. In addition, in the case of decoction of raw Xianfeng soup and the decoction of commercially available dried material, the latter is lighter in color and taste, and considering that it was originally decocted and used in sunlight, It is considered that the extract is difficult to extract even when decocted.

The present invention is intended to eliminate such disadvantages and to provide a processing method which makes Xianfeng herbs delicious, without resistance, and can exert a sufficient medicinal effect.

[0013]

The herbal composition is usually dried and prepared by sun drying or shading. Rarely, some ginseng, like red ginseng, is dried through a process such as passing steam or hot water, but it seems to be meaningful to extract the components of the aged hard rhizome.

In the case of the above-ground part containing the soft leaves of herbaceous plants, such a need is not usually required and the practice is not carried out. In Taiwan, Xianfeng herbs are sun-dried and chopped and sold to crude drug stores. However, if the inventors add processes such as steaming, crushing the stem, and crushing the Xianfeng soybean before drying, the above-mentioned "specific smell and the irritability of a little throat" will be eliminated. However, he thought that it might produce an unexpected effect, so he tried to dry the grass through washing, crushing and crushing after the fresh grass was washed and cut. As a result, as expected, "specific smell and the irritability of a bit of a throat" could be reduced to almost a practical level, and those further treated by the method of the present invention, during steaming Although a large amount of brown juice dripped and it seemed that there was considerable loss of extract, it was found that the elution rate to the decoction when decocted as medicinal water was higher than that simply dried in the sun .

It is said that the flower of Hampeng blooms in the fall, but if the environmental conditions are good, it grows up to about 50 cm in about 3 months after sowing and the flower blooms, so it seems that it blooms all year round. The best time to harvest is when the plants have grown sufficiently and have begun to flower. Harvesting leaves a little roots, cuts off, removes foreign matter and dead leaves, and rinses with running water. After washing, it is easy to handle the cut to about 5 cm or less, but it is not necessarily limited.

[0016] The best method is to steam the cut Xianfeng soybeans while making them flow, but it is also possible to put them in a container leaking water and steam them in a steamer as they are. A steaming time of about 30 minutes is sufficient, but it depends on the relationship between the amount handled and the capacity of the steamer. In some cases, it is necessary to stir the mixture to improve the flow of steam.

After the steaming, the stem is immediately put into a clean kneading machine, and the stem is crushed for about 10 to 30 minutes to be kneaded. The time is not necessarily limited because this process also depends on the performance of the machine. In essence, the purpose is to crush and crush the hard part of the stem.

Immediately after steaming, crushing and crushing are completed, they are spread on a drying shelf and dried with hot air. If the drying temperature is too low, it takes too much time, and there is a risk that bacteria falling from the air may propagate and may be deteriorated, and the limit value is 50.
° C or higher. Conversely, if the drying temperature is too high, there is a risk of destruction or deterioration of useful components, and there is a disadvantage that the surface hardens rapidly, making it difficult to dry inside. High temperature limit is 90
° C. Preferably, it is 60 ° C. or more and 80 ° C. or less. The drying time is about 10 to 20 hours, and it is preferable to dry the stem until it snaps and snaps.
Since these conditions also depend on the amount of crushed and processed Xianfeng soybeans to be spread on the drying rack and the capacity of the ventilation dryer, the temperature and time must be appropriately determined according to the actual situation.

Although the plants are adhering to bacteria in the natural world, the degree of cleanliness is increased following the steps of washing, steaming, crushing, crushing, and drying. As in general food processing, it is necessary to control the process to eliminate conditions where microorganisms may proliferate, such as an increase in waiting time on the way.

[0020]

Test Example 1 Hereinafter, a specific description will be given with reference to test examples. (Effect of flavor improvement) 36 kg of Xianfeng grass, which was cut about 10 cm from the root to remove foreign substances, was washed with running water, half (Sample B) was dried in the sun as it was, and half (Sample A) was chopped and large-sized steamed Immediately after steaming for about 30 minutes while stirring with a vessel, the stem was crushed and crushed in a kneading machine for about 20 minutes, followed by air drying at 70 ° C. overnight. 3g each
After adding 1L of water to the mixture and decocting for 5 minutes, letting each of the five men and women drink it and comparing the flavor, all of the decoction of sample B was "a peculiar smell and a little bit of stuffy throat. "
The decoction of sample A stated that it was barely noticeable.

[0021]

[Test Example 2] (Mineral profile) As a result of X-ray fluorescence analysis of A in Test Example 1, K, Ca,
Mg, Cl, and Fe were detected as minor elements, and P, S, Mn, Cu, and Zn were detected as trace elements.

[0022]

Test Example 3 (Improvement Effect of Extract Extraction Rate) Samples A and B of Test Example 1 and a sample C containing wind-weed (known as Xianfeng soybean) commercially available in Taiwan were compared. Preliminarily dry with hot air at 80 ° C. for 5 hours to equalize the loss on drying, add 1 L of tap water to each 50 g, gently incubate for 1 hour over low heat, return to room temperature, collect the supernatant with a centrifuge, and wash the residue with boiling water. And adjusted to 1 L according to the supernatant. As a result, as shown in Table 1, the extractability of A was clearly higher than that of B. Although the ash content in the extract was higher in B than in sample A, it is considered that this was the result of the outflow into the cooking liquor. There was little difference in pH. The lower extract and ash content of Sample C than Samples A and B may be due to differences in grown soil.

[0023]

[Table 1]

[0024]

Test Example 4 (Examination of Reasons for Improving Flavor) Regarding Samples A and B of Test Example 1, it was found that the difference in the treatment method greatly affected the flavor. We thought that the loss of minerals and tannins in the liquid might have eliminated the "unique smell and the irritability of a slight throat" and analyzed the contents of minerals and tannins. Table 2 shows the results. As a result, surprisingly, these minerals and tannins were higher in sample A except for potassium, and the "specific smell and non-throatiness" was not due to these minerals and tannins. I knew it wasn't. Moreover, although it was considered that a considerable amount of components had flowed out into the supernatant, the tannin content (a value of 3.37 was obtained in another lot) was rather increased.

[0025]

[Table 2]

[0026]

Test Example 5 (Examination of Distilled Distillate) When Sample A was prepared, the distilled distillate was about 70 L for 108 kg of raw Xianfeng soybean, and the dry product yield at this time was 13.5 kg. The analytical values are as shown in Table 3.

[0027]

[Table 3]

The apparent loss rate (%) from the analysis values in Table 3 and the value of Sample A in Test Example 4 is as shown in Table 4.

[0029]

[Table 4]

In other words, despite the fact that there was almost no loss of minerals due to the steaming process and that one third of tannin had flowed out, the analytical value of the product according to the present invention was, as shown in Test Example 4, the sun-dried value. It was higher than the one. This is considered to be due to the fact that when the tannin was dried in the sun, it was polymerized due to air and light and became hard and hardly extracted, resulting in a low value measured. Considering this, the extraction rate of the extract of Test Example 3 was high not only because the tissue was softened and loosened by crushing and crushing, but also because the tannin that was easily polymerized was removed. It can be understood that the extraction of the components is facilitated at the time. The reason why the burning residue was lower in A than in B was considered that water-soluble minerals first flowed out during the steaming.

As mentioned at the outset, there is a description that Hamfeng is used as a folk medicine for external use, such as for washing local areas of bruises or trauma, and also for gargle. When the wound was washed with this solution, the bleeding stopped immediately, and the wound was not so spotted that the next day the wound was so clear. Next test example 6
As noted above, Xianfeng herbs have been shown to have anti-inflammatory effects, and may also have tannins' astringent and bacteriostatic or bactericidal effects. It is thought that there is also an effect. In addition, this pooled liquid has a faint flavor when diluted and drinkable, and may be used as a soft drink.

[0032]

Test Example 6 (Anti-inflammatory action) 9 L of 4 kg of the product of the present invention
And the residue was further extracted with 9 L of methanol, and the solvent was evaporated to prepare an extract. Three groups of 6-week-old male mice preliminarily reared for 1 week were divided into 3 mice, and a total of 1 mg / 20 μL of each extract was applied to the inside and outside of the right auricle of the mouse, 20 μL of acetone was used for the control group, and 0 indomethacin was used for the positive control group. 0.5 mg / 20 μL was applied. 30
Minutes later TPA (12-O-Tetradecanoylp
horbol-13-acetate) 0.5 mg / 2
0 μL was applied to the same site of all mice to cause artificial inflammation, and the thickness of the pinna was measured 5 hours later. as a result,
Compared to the control group, inflammation inhibitory effect of indomethacin, a medical anti-inflammatory agent, is 79.4%, ethyl acetate extract of the present invention shows 53.3%, and methanol extract shows 79.1% inhibition rate, especially Methanol extract showed an anti-inflammatory effect comparable to indomethacin.

[0033]

Test Example 7 (Suppressing action of carcinogenesis promoter) The inhibitory effect of azoxymethane-induced murine large intestinal crypt crypt used for short-term screening of colorectal cancer suppression was tested. That is, 6-week-old male mice preliminarily reared for 1 week were grouped into 6 mice, and 10 mg of azoxymethane per kg of body weight.
Was administered subcutaneously to the right lower limb of the mouse, and one week later, a second administration was similarly performed. From the day before the first administration, each group was allowed to freely take drinking water with a sample concentration of 73 ppm. The positive control group was given free access to drinking water containing 15 ppm of the anti-inflammatory agent piroxicam, which had an inhibitory effect in this system. The body weight was measured once a week, the colon was removed 4 weeks after the first administration of azoxymethane, and after fixing with formalin, the number of abnormal colon crypts stained with methylene blue was measured under a microscope. During this time, there was no decrease in body weight, there was no difference in water intake between the groups, and no toxicity by the sample was observed. In the sample administration group, both the ethyl acetate extract and the methanol extract significantly reduced the number of lesions per colon, but the number of abnormal crypts per lesion was not so different from that of the control group. That is, it is considered that the formation of a lesion is mainly suppressed rather than the progression of the lesion, and thus the inhibitory effect of a tumor promoter is suggested.

[0034]

[Test Example 8] (Anti-diabetic action) Four-week-old male C3H mice were subjected to control group (6), STZ group (9) and test group (11).
The STZ group and the test group were intraperitoneally injected with streptozotocin 150 mg / kg body weight on the first day and the next day. The control group and the STZ group consisted of Nippon Clea standard feed CE-
2 was used as the test group in the standard feed CE-2.
They were allowed to freely ingest feed containing 25%. Two weeks later,
The blood glucose, blood cholesterol, and GPT of each group were measured, and the results shown in Table 5 below were obtained.

[0035]

[Table 5]

With regard to blood glucose, the blood glucose level was significantly increased (risk rate: 0.1%) in the STZ group as compared with the control group, and this was significantly increased in the test group.
(Risk rate 5%). The cholesterol and GPT measured at the same time significantly increased (risk ratio 1%) in the STZ group as compared to the control group, and the test group showed a tendency to suppress this. That is, there was an inhibitory effect on artificial hyperglycemia and liver damage induced by streptozotocin.

Alternatively, a 4-week-old male S. D. Rats were divided into three groups: a control group (8), a CPH group (8), and a test group (7).
The test group and the CPH group consisted of standard feed C made by CLEA Japan
The test group was allowed to freely ingest the diet containing 0.25% of the powder of the present invention in the standard diet CE-2. CPH
45m / kg body weight daily after 1 week for group and test group
g of cypro was orally administered butadine, and after 5 weeks, a glucose tolerance test of 40 g per kg of body weight was performed.
The progress of the blood glucose level was measured every minute up to 100 minutes. Table 6 shows the results.

[0038]

[Table 6]

That is, the CPH group showed a significant value (risk rate: 0.1%) at each time as compared to the control group, but the test group showed a significant value (risk rate was 1% at 0 minutes, and then 0.1%). 1%) and showed high sugar tolerance. Measured at the same time. The GOT and GPT measured at the same time also tended to increase in the test group. That is, an inhibitory effect on artificial pancreatic damage induced by cyproheptadine was observed, and microscopic observation of pancreatic sections also showed that tissue cavitation was suppressed.

[0040]

[Test Example 9] (Prototype production of healthy tea) The general analysis values of the product of the present invention are as shown in Table 7, and have the ability to scavenge active oxygen. Considering the results of the mineral analysis, it is suitable as a daily healthy tea. Have conditions.

[0041]

[Table 7]

Although it is possible to collect wild plants, the present inventors are concerned about contamination by unspecified substances in recent environmental conditions. Cultivated and used as Miyako Bidence Pirosa. Miyako Bidens Pirosa is characterized by a higher calcium and potassium content than other general health tea ingredients. Perhaps because of the growth of coral reef soil in Miyakojima, the calcium content reached 1.91%,
Fourth edition of Sencha (0.44%), Hojicha (0.49%), black tea (0.47%), etc. described in the Fourth Edition Japanese Food Composition Analysis Table
5 times. Potassium (2.69%) is gyokuro (2.
80%) and matcha (2.70%).
20-50% higher than black tea or oolong tea. The tannin is about one third to one seventh. Caffeine is free.

Miyako Bidence Pirosa Processed Product 5 of the Present Invention
A mixture of 0 parts, 45 parts of roasted barley and 5 parts of dried ginger, brewed for 3 minutes with 1 L of water added to 3 g, is a golden healthy tea with unique aroma and pale sweetness. Was. The components are as shown in Table 8. Among the analysis values, metals were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry, and tannins were determined by FOLIN-DENIS.

[0044]

[Table 8]

The Miyako Bidens-Pirosa processed product of the present invention was roasted at 115 ° C. for 30 minutes, and 1 g of hot water was added to 300 g of hot water.
When L was poured and drunk, it was savory, sweet and delicious without any habit.

Also, 35 parts of the processed Miyako Bidens-Pirosa product of the present invention, 30 parts of roasted barley, 30 parts of roasted barley, and 5 parts of dried ginger were mixed, and 1 g of water was added to 3 g, followed by decoction for 5 minutes. The body warmed and became a healthy tea that no one could get tired of without habit.

[0047]

[Test Example 10] (Trial production of health food) 5 parts of processed Miyako Bidence Pirosa product of the present invention, hawthorn and horsetail 2 each
Parts, ginger, and hops, 1 part each, were made into a fine powder, and a small amount of alpha starch was added as a binder to obtain granules by a conventional method. This was added to the diet to breed aged mice (4 per group) with increased triglycerides, and 0, 2, 4, 6,
When blood was collected at 8 weeks and the course of blood cholesterol (tCho) and triglyceride (TG) was measured, tCho started from 120 ± 10 mg / dL but remained almost unchanged in the control group, although there was a difference between individuals. On the other hand, the experimental group began to decrease from 4 weeks, and all four animals became 100 or less at 8 weeks.

The TG level was almost unchanged from 140 ± 10 mg / dL in the control group, while the administration group began to decrease from 4 weeks and decreased to 97 ± 6.

[Procedure amendment]

[Submission date] October 26, 2000 (2000.10.
26)

[Procedure amendment 1]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0001

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

[0001] The Xianfeng soybean used in the present invention is asteraceae
It is a group of plants of the genus Dangsa (genus Bidens).
Because they cross a wide variety of species, there are many varieties,
Physical confusion is seen, and the correspondence between scientific names, Japanese names, and Chinese names is mixed
It is extremely difficult to identify
Xianfeng herbs include those listed below.Bidens pilosa L. (COSENDANG
Sasang, white-spotted grass, Xianfeng grass)Bidens pilosa L. var.min
or(Blume) Sherff
Gusa, Shironosengusa, Koshironosengusa, Ko
Sendangusa, Xianfengso)Bidens pilosa L. var. bis
etosa Ohtani et S. et al. Suzuki
(Awayuki Sendangusa)Bidens pilosa L. f. decumb
ens SchefffBidens pilosa L. var.rad
iata Scherff (Tachiawayuki Sendang
Sa, may also include hiawa-yukisen-dangsa)Bidens pilosa L. var.rad
iata Schultz Bipontinus
(Shirono Sengusa, P. sylvestris)Bidens bitternata Lour. Mer
roll et Sheff (Sendangsa)Bidens bipinnata L. (Kobano
Sendangsa, Sendangsa)Bidens cernua L. et al. (Salix) Bidens frndosa L.A. (American sender
Ngusa, Seitakakogi) Bidens parviflora willd
Banosen dangsa) Bidens radiata Twill. va
r. pinnatifida (Turcz.) Kita
mura (Ezonotaucogi) Bidens tripartita L. (Taukogi)  This plant is mainly called Xianfeng in China and Taiwan.
There are many names, the same healing grass, oniha grass, mihahahaha, mihaha needle,
Staple needles, grandma needles, white flower grandma needles, shrimp grasses, swords, swords
Head, red census, kansan silver plate, impregnated weed, minami fengsou, shrimp shears, scout
There are names of certain offspring, etc., and which scientific name each corresponds to
Is not clear.

[Procedure amendment 2]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0002

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

[0002] Flowers are peculiar to the Asteraceae family, with several tongue-like flowers, such as white or yellow round petals, and a large number of yellow-brown tubular flowers in the center. Some lack tongue-shaped flowers. The stem has square, light purple colored nodes. The leaves, which are divided into three or five wings, have a handle, and the edges are jagged, and many of them are opposed to each other.

[Procedure amendment 3]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0003

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

[0003] In Japan, it is found south of the warm region of Honshu, Taiwan,
Distributed in tropical areas of China and the world, plant height 25 to about 1m
It is usually annual, but when it is blessed with mild climatic conditions, it overwinters and flowers bloom one after another throughout the year. There are needles with barbs at the top of the black-brown seeds that are carried on the clothes of animals and humans, and the number of needles is often inconsistent due to mating. In China, it is called Onikosa.

 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Tadashi Miyakuni 743, Nishisori, Jobe-cho, Miyako-gun, Okinawa Prefecture (72) Inventor Shoichi Izumiya 1-102 Satsukicho, Ebina-shi 10-102 F term (reference) LP06 LP08 4B017 LC03 LG15 LP01 LP03 LP04 4B018 MD61 ME03 ME06 ME09 MF04 MF06 MF07 4C088 AB26 AC05 BA07 CA02 CA11 MA43 NA14 ZA07 ZA08 ZA59 ZA66 ZA75 ZA82 ZA83 ZB15 ZB35 ZC21 ZC35

Claims (1)

[Claims] [1] After collecting and washing Hampou grass, it is cut into a suitable length, steamed, crushed while crushing the stem, and then heated to 50 ° C.
A method for processing Xianfeng soybean, characterized by drying by heating and ventilation at a temperature of up to 90 ° C.