JP2001166685A - Terrestrial glove - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a terrestrial globe which can easily and exactly simulate the positional relation between the surface of the earth and a heavenly body changing by accompanying the rotation motion and orbital motion. SOLUTION: The center of the spherical boy of a revolution expression body 10 is disposed on the central line of revolution of a revolution expression body 5 of which one turn corresponds to one year. An axis 8 of the rotation connecting its north pole and south pole is inclined from the central line of rotation of the revolution expression body 5 by an angle equal to the angle of inclination of the earth's axis and the earth expression body 10 is freely rotatably mounted at the revolution expression body 5. An annular ecliptic expression body 15 is mounted within the plane inclusive of the center of the spherical body of the earth expression body 10 and orthogonal with the central line of revolution of the revolution expression body 5, thereby, the exact simulation of the positional relation between the surface of the earth and the sun changing by accompanying the rotation motion and the orbital motion simply by assuming the sun in an arbitrary position on the outside of the ecliptic expression body 15 and rotating the revolution expression body 5 and the earth expression body 10 within the plane inclusive of the ecliptic expression body 15 is made possible.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a globe capable of simulating a positional relationship between the earth and a celestial body that changes with rotation and orbital motion.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally used globes rotate around an inclined earth axis and express only the rotation of the earth, and thus simulate changes in the positional relationship with respect to celestial bodies on the earth due to orbital movements. Can not do it.

[0003] To solve this problem, Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open Publication No. 7-14467.
The gazette discloses a globe capable of adjusting a face-to-face positional relationship between the earth and the sun, which is changed by the orbital motion. This globe has a supporting axis that is perpendicular to its rotation axis and connected at both ends to the autumn equinox and the vernal equinox of the sphere, and that the sphere has the north pole of the earth axis and the north pole of the ecliptic. A first guide groove connecting in the direction, a second guide groove connecting the south pole of the earth axis and the south pole of the ecliptic in the longitude direction,
By displacing the rotation axis along each of the guide grooves with the support axis as the rotation center, the relative inclination of the rotation axis with respect to the sun (the rotation projected on a plane orthogonal to the orbital orbit including the sun and the earth). (Tilt of the shaft) is adjusted according to the assumed position of the revolving motion.

[0004]

In the conventional globe in consideration of the above-described orbital motion, the inclination of the orbital axis is determined one by one based on the relationship between the position of the orbital motion and the relative facing inclination of the axis of rotation with respect to the sun. There is a problem that it is necessary to adjust, it takes time to set a state to be observed, and accuracy and reproducibility of the inclination of the rotation axis are not always guaranteed. In addition, since the rotation axis of the earth, whose inclination does not change in the solar system coordinates, is changed considering only the relative facing relationship with the sun, it is difficult to grasp the original movement of the earth and incorporate other celestial bodies There are no difficulties.

It is well known that natural phenomena such as weather changes and tsunamis on the earth and the movement of animals during the year are influenced by the positional relationship between the earth and celestial bodies, and the understanding of these various phenomena is deepened. A globe that can simulate the positional relationship between the earth and celestial bodies is also desired as a tool for this.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to describe the positional relationship between the earth and celestial bodies, which changes with rotation and orbital motion,
The aim is to provide a globe that can be simulated easily and accurately.

[0007]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a globe of the present invention comprises a base and one along the outer peripheral surface.
It has a cylindrical part on which the calendar for the year is displayed, with the revolving expression body rotatably attached to the base with the cylindrical central axis of this cylindrical part as the rotation center line, and a world map and at least the equator drawn on the surface The center of the sphere is arranged on the rotation center line of the orbital representation, and the center axis of the sphere connecting the north pole and the south pole is the rotation center line, and the center axis of the sphere is equal to the earth's earth tilt angle. The earth representation, which is rotatably attached to the orbital representation so as to incline with the rotation center line of the orbital representation, and the orbital representation fixed to the base and including the spherical center of the earth representation. In a plane orthogonal to the rotation center line of the body, a configuration is adopted that includes an annular ecliptic representation surrounding the earth representation.

That is, the center of the sphere of the earth representation is arranged on the rotation center line of the revolution representation where one rotation is equivalent to one year,
The center axis of the sphere as the center line of rotation connecting the north pole and the south pole is tilted with the center line of rotation of the orbital expression by an angle equal to the tilt angle of the earth's earth axis, and the earth expression is rotatably attached to the orbital expression. In addition, the ecliptic representation of the sun is included by fixing the annular ecliptic representation surrounding the terrestrial representation in a plane orthogonal to the rotation center line of the orbital representation including the spherical center of the terrestrial representation. Assuming an arbitrary position outside the ecliptic representation in the plane, simply rotating the orbital representation and the earth representation, the positional relationship between the earth and the sun that changes with the rotation and orbital movement Can be accurately simulated.

By rotating the orbital expression,
The rotation centerline of the orbital representation and the rotation centerline of the earth representation attached at an angle, that is, the relative facing inclination of the rotation axis of the earth representation with respect to the sun naturally changes, and on the earth accompanying the orbital motion The positional relationship with the sun can be accurately grasped.

[0010] A lunar expression representing the moon is disposed substantially outside the equatorial plane of the earth representation, and a lunar support shaft is rotatably mounted coaxially with the rotation center line of the earth representation. By connecting the moon representation to the moon support shaft with an arm, the positional relationship with the moon revolving around the earth can also be simulated.

[0011] At least means for rotationally driving the earth representation and the revolving representation is provided.
By setting the ratio to 65: 1, the rotation motion and the orbital motion can be automatically simulated, and can be used as an annual clock. In the case of adding the moon representation, a means for rotationally driving the moon support shaft may be provided, and the rotation speed ratio between the earth representation and the moon support shaft at this time may be approximately 27: 1.

[0012]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the globe is mounted on a hollow cylindrical base 2 that rotatably supports a vertical orbital shaft 1 and a flange 3 provided on the orbital shaft 1. A hollow cylindrical orbital representation 5 in which a calendar 4 for one year is displayed along with a hollow sphere with a world map 6 and an equator 7 drawn on the surface. The center of the sphere is on the extension of the orbital axis 1. The spherical axis connecting the north pole and the south pole, that is, the rotation axis 8 is inclined with respect to the revolution axis 1 by an angle equal to the earth's inclination angle of the earth, and can be freely rotated by the horizontal arm 9 provided at the upper end of the revolution axis 1. A spherical moon representation 13 attached to the tip of an arm 12 provided at the upper end of a moon support shaft 11 rotatably fitted on a hollow rotation shaft 8; It is attached to the base 2 with the support 14, and includes the center of the sphere of the earth representation 10. Axis 1
And a ring-shaped ecliptic representation 15 surrounding the earth representation 10 in a plane orthogonal to. In this globe, the sun is assumed in an arbitrary direction at the height position of the ecliptic representation 15.

The base 2 is also provided with a reference display bar 16 for displaying the calendar 4 and the front center position of the world map 6 at the time of observation. The reference display bar 16 displays the revolving expression 5
Along the spherical surface of the earth representation 10 from the front side of the base 2 to the back side, and a portion along the cylindrical surface of the revolving representation 5 on the front side is branched into two branches. Calendar 4 at the time of observation can be read from between. Assuming that the sun is in front of the reference display bar 16 as indicated by an arrow in FIG. 1, the positional relationship with the sun at noon can be observed.

As shown in FIG. 3, a tooth profile 17 is formed at the lower part of the cylindrical surface of the revolving expression body 5, and is engaged with a revolving motor 18 mounted on the inner surface of the base 2 and a gear 19 of a rotating shaft. I have. The revolving shaft 1 is provided with a radial bearing 20.
And a thrust bearing 21, which is supported by a support fitting 22 attached to the bottom of the base 2. Therefore, when the revolution motor 18 is driven to rotate, the revolution shaft 1 and the revolution expression body 5 are rotated.
Rotate together, and accordingly, the earth representation 10 supported by the horizontal arm 9 also rotates around the revolution axis 1. Due to the rotation about the revolution axis 1, the relative facing inclination of the rotation axis 8 of the earth representation 10 with respect to the sun changes.

The hollow rotation shaft 8 is supported at the tip of a horizontal arm 9 by a bearing 23, and the earth representation 10 is locked to the rotation shaft 8 at the north pole and the south pole. A gear 24 is attached to the lower end of the rotation shaft 8, and the rotation shaft 8 is rotated by a gear by a rotation motor 25 attached to the tip of the horizontal arm 9, and rotates. As often seen in a normal globe, an arc-shaped support member may be attached to the fixed shaft 1 instead of the horizontal arm 9, and the rotation shaft 8 may be supported at two points outside the north pole and the south pole.

The moon support shaft 11 is supported by a bearing 26 mounted inside the rotation shaft 8, like the rotation shaft 8, a gear 27 is attached to the lower end thereof, and the bottom of the revolution expression body 5. The gears are driven by a moon revolution motor 28 attached to the motor. Although the actual orbit of the moon varies in a complicated manner, here, the lunar representation 13 at the tip of the arm 12 is arranged outside the equatorial plane of the earth representation 10 so as to represent the approximate lunar position. I have.

The revolution motor 18 and the rotation motor 25
The moon revolution motor 27 is driven by a controller (not shown), and the rotation speed ratio of the revolution shaft 1, the moon support shaft 11, and the rotation shaft 8 is set to approximately 1: 13: 365. Each of these axes 1, 8, 11 can also be rotated by hand. The moon support shaft 11 may be rotated by the rotation motor 25 at a different gear ratio from the rotation shaft 8.

In this embodiment, the lunar representation revolves around the earth representation. However, the lunar representation may be omitted if only the positional relationship with the sun is to be grasped. If a transparent dome is provided to cover the whole globe and stars and constellations are displayed on the dome, the positional relationship with these celestial bodies can be grasped.

[0019]

As described above, the globe of the present invention has the following features.
The sphere center of the earth representation is placed on the rotation center line of the orbital representation equivalent to one year of rotation, and the center axis of the sphere connecting the north pole and the south pole is set to the angle equal to the inclination of the earth's earth axis. The earth elephant is attached to the orbital revolving object so that it can be rotated freely, and the ring of the ecliptic ecliptic in the plane that includes the spherical center of the earth and is orthogonal to the rotational centerline of the revolving object. Since the sun is fixed, it is assumed that the sun is located at an arbitrary position outside the ecliptic representation within the plane containing the ecliptic representation, and simply rotates the orbital and terrestrial representations to rotate and revolve. It can accurately simulate the positional relationship between the earth and the sun that changes with it, and can also be used as a tool to deepen understanding of natural phenomena on the earth and the movement of animals.

Further, a lunar representation for expressing the moon is disposed substantially outside the equatorial plane of the earth representation, and a moon support shaft is rotatably mounted coaxially with the rotation center line of the earth representation. By connecting the lunar representation to the lunar support axis with an arm, the positional relationship with the moon revolving around the earth can also be simulated.

Further, means for rotating and driving the earth representation and the orbital representation are provided, and the rotational speed ratio of these is approximately 365:
By setting it to 1, it is possible to automatically simulate the rotation motion and the revolving motion, and it can be used as an annual clock.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an external perspective view showing an embodiment of a globe.

FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of FIG.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view showing a main part of FIG. 2;

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Orbital axis 2 Base 3 Flange 4 Calendar 5 Orbital representation 6 World map 7 Equator 8 Rotation axis 9 Horizontal arm 10 Earth representation 11 Month support axis 12 Arm 13 March representation 14 Frame 15 Ecliptic representation 16 Reference display bar 17 Tooth profile 18 Motor 19 Gear 20 and 21 Bearing 22 Support bracket 23 Bearing 24 Gear 25 Motor 26 Bearing 27 Gear 28 Motor

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A base having a cylindrical portion on which a calendar for one year is displayed along an outer peripheral surface, and rotatably attached to the base with a cylindrical central axis of the cylindrical portion as a rotation center line. The orbital representation, and a sphere with a world map and at least the equator drawn on the surface, the center of the sphere is arranged on the rotation center line of the orbital representation, and the center of the sphere connecting the north pole and the south pole is the rotation center. An earth representation rotatably attached to the orbital representation so that the center axis of the sphere is inclined with respect to the rotation center line of the orbital representation by an angle equal to the inclination of the earth's earth axis as a line; And an annular ecliptic representation surrounding the earth representation in a plane that includes the spherical center of the earth representation and is orthogonal to the rotation center line of the orbital representation. 2. A lunar representation that represents the moon is disposed substantially outside the equatorial plane of the earth representation, and a moon support shaft is rotatably mounted coaxially with the rotation center line of the earth representation. The moon representation body is connected to the moon support shaft by an arm.
The globe described in. 3. The globe according to claim 2, further comprising means for rotationally driving at least the earth representation and the orbital representation, wherein the rotational speed ratio of these is approximately 365: 1.