JP2001022211A - Fixing device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enhance the transmittance in a translucent elastic layer, to prevent its deterioration and to allow the effective heat generation in a heat ray absorption layer by setting a wavelength which exhibits the maximum energy intensity of heat rays at a short wavelength side with respect to the absorption wavelength of the translucent elastic layer. SOLUTION: A heat ray fixing roller 17a as a rotating member for heat ray fixing is constituted as a soft roller provided with a cylindrical translucent substrate 171a and the translucent elastic layer 171d, heat ray absorption layer 171b and release layer 171c on its outer side, in this order. A halogen lamp 171g which emits heat rays, such as IR rays including visible light or far IR rays, depending upon light sources, is disposed in the translucent substrate 171a. The translucent elastic layer 171d is formed of a heat ray transmittable silicon rubber layer which is formed by using silicone rubber and allows the transmission of the heat rays. The maximum energy intensity distribution of the halogen lamp 171g is set at the wavelength having the absorption wavelength on the shorter wavelength side than the wavelength at which the silicone rubber layer has a large absorption wavelength.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a fixing device used for an image forming apparatus such as a copying machine, a printer, a facsimile, etc., and more particularly to a fixing device capable of quick start.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a fixing device used in an image forming apparatus such as a copying machine, a printer, a facsimile, etc., a heat roller fixing method has been used as a fixing device having high technical perfection and stability. Machine to full-color machine,
Has been widely adopted.

However, the conventional heat roller fixing type fixing device is disadvantageous in terms of energy saving because it is necessary to heat a fixing heat roller having a large heat capacity when heating a transfer material or toner. There is a problem that it takes time to warm up the fixing device during printing, and the printing time (warming-up time) becomes longer.

In order to solve this, a film (heat fixing film) is used, the heat roller is brought to the ultimate thickness of the heat fixing film to reduce the heat capacity, and a temperature-controlled heater (ceramic heater) is directly applied to the heat fixing film. A film fixing type fixing device and an image forming device using the same have been proposed, which greatly improve the heat conduction efficiency by being brought into contact with the pressure and achieve a quick start that saves energy and requires almost no warm-up time. Have been

Further, as a modification of the heat roller, a transparent substrate is used as a heat ray fixing roller (rotating member for heat ray fixing), and the toner is heated and fixed by irradiating the toner with heat rays from a halogen lamp (heat ray irradiation means) provided inside. A fixing method which does not require a warm-up time and achieves a quick start is disclosed in JP-A-52-106741, JP-A-57-82240, JP-A-57-102736, and JP-A-57-10274.
No. 1 and the like. Further, a light absorbing layer (heat ray absorbing layer) is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the light transmitting substrate to constitute a heat ray fixing roller (rotating member for heat ray fixing), and a halogen lamp (heat ray) provided inside the cylindrical light transmitting substrate. JP-A-59-65867 discloses a fixing method in which light from the irradiating means is absorbed by a light-absorbing layer provided on the outer peripheral surface of a light-transmitting substrate, and a toner image is fixed by heat of the light-absorbing layer. ing.

[0006]

The above-mentioned JP-A-52-10
The fixing device disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 6741 or the like discloses a method of irradiating a heat ray from a halogen lamp (heat ray irradiating means) through a translucent substrate to heat and fix the toner, and a method disclosed in JP-A-59-65867. In the fixing device,
A light absorbing layer (heat ray absorbing layer) is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the light transmitting substrate to constitute a heat ray fixing roller (rotating member for heat ray fixing), and heat rays from a halogen lamp (heat ray irradiating means) are passed through the light transmitting substrate. The method of irradiating the absorption layer and fixing the toner by the heat of the heat ray absorption layer aims at energy saving and quick start in which the warm-up time is shortened, but the fixing property is poor. Is provided with a light-transmitting elastic layer made of a rubber layer between a light-transmitting substrate and a light-absorbing layer (heat-ray absorbing layer) to form a heat roller fixing roller of a soft roller, enabling quick start (rapid heating). A fixing device for improving the fixability of a toner image has been proposed in Japanese Patent Application No. 10-128917.

However, a silicon rubber layer is used as the light-transmitting elastic layer of the heat ray fixing roller provided in the fixing device proposed above, but the silicon rubber layer has poor transmittance of heat rays from the halogen lamp on the long wavelength side, There is a problem that the light-transmitting elastic layer is deteriorated by heat generated inside the light-transmitting elastic layer due to absorption. Further, there is a problem that rapid heating of the heat ray absorbing layer on the surface is reduced.

The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems, increases the transmittance of a light-transmitting elastic layer using a silicon rubber layer, prevents deterioration of the light-transmitting elastic layer caused by internal heat generation due to heat ray absorption, An object of the present invention is to provide a fixing device that effectively generates heat in a heat ray absorbing layer.

[0009]

An object of the present invention is to provide a fixing device for fixing a toner image on a transfer material to the transfer material by heating and pressurizing, wherein the fixing device has a heat ray irradiating means for emitting heat rays therein. A cylindrical light-transmitting substrate having a light-transmitting property, a light-transmitting elastic layer outside the light-transmitting substrate, and a heat-ray absorbing layer absorbing the heat rays outside the light-transmitting elastic layer. To form a heat-fixing rotary member in the form of a roll, the translucent elastic layer is a silicone rubber layer, and the maximum energy intensity of the heat ray irradiating means with respect to the absorption wavelength of the translucent elastic layer. Is achieved on the shorter wavelength side by a fixing device.

[0010]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below. Note that the description in this column does not limit the technical scope of the claims and the meaning of terms. Further, the following assertive description in the embodiment of the present invention indicates the best mode, and does not limit the meaning or technical scope of the terms of the present invention.

An image forming process and each mechanism of an embodiment of an image forming apparatus using a fixing device according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional configuration view of a color image forming apparatus showing an embodiment of an image forming apparatus using a fixing device according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a side cross-sectional view of the image forming body of FIG. FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing the structure of the fixing device. FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional configuration diagram of the roll-shaped hot-wire fixing rotating member of FIG.
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a concentration distribution of a heat ray absorbing layer of the roll-shaped heat ray fixing rotating member of FIG. 3; FIG. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the thickness and FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a problem when a silicon rubber layer is used as the light-transmitting elastic layer of the heat ray fixing rotating member.

According to FIG. 1 or FIG. 2, a photosensitive drum 10, which is an image forming body, is provided on the outer periphery of a cylindrical base formed of a light-transmitting member such as glass or light-transmitting acrylic resin. It is formed by forming a photoconductive layer and a photoconductor layer of an organic photosensitive layer (OPC).

The photosensitive drum 10 is rotated clockwise as indicated by an arrow in FIG. 1 with the light-transmitting conductive layer grounded by power from a drive source (not shown).

In the present invention, the exposure beam for image exposure is
The photoconductor layer of the photoconductor drum 10, which is the image forming point, only needs to have an exposure light amount of a wavelength that can provide an appropriate contrast with respect to the light attenuation characteristic (photocarrier generation) of the photoconductor layer. . Therefore, the light transmittance of the light-transmitting substrate of the photosensitive drum in the present embodiment does not need to be 100%, and may have a characteristic of absorbing a certain amount of light when transmitting the exposure beam. . The point is that any suitable contrast can be provided. As a material of the light-transmitting substrate, an acrylic resin, particularly one obtained by polymerizing a methyl methacrylate monomer, is preferably used because of its excellent light-transmitting properties, strength, accuracy, surface properties, etc. Various translucent resins such as acryl, fluorine, polyester, polycarbonate, polyethylene terephthalate and the like used for the above can be used. Further, as long as it has a light-transmitting property with respect to the exposure light, it may be colored. As the light-transmitting conductive layer, indium tin oxide (I
TO), tin oxide, lead oxide, indium oxide, copper iodide, or a metal thin film of Au, Ag, Ni, Al, or the like that maintains light transmissivity. Reactive deposition method, various sputtering methods, various CV
D method, dip coating method, spray coating method and the like can be used.
Various organic photosensitive layers (OPC) can be used as the photoconductor layer.

The organic photosensitive layer serving as the photosensitive layer of the photoconductor layer includes a charge generation layer (CGL) mainly composed of a charge generation substance (CGM) and a charge transport layer (CTM) mainly composed of a charge transport substance (CTM). And CTL). An organic photosensitive layer having a two-layer structure has high durability as an organic photosensitive layer due to its thick CTL and is suitable for the present invention.
The organic photosensitive layer may have a single layer structure containing a charge generation material (CGM) and a charge transport material (CTM) in one layer. ,
Usually, a binder resin is contained.

A scorotron charger 11 as a charging means described below, and an exposure optical system 1 as an image writing means will be described.
2. The developing device 13 as a developing unit is prepared for an image forming process for each color of yellow (Y), magenta (M), cyan (C) and black (K), respectively. Are arranged in the order of Y, M, C, and K with respect to the rotation direction of the photosensitive drum 10 indicated by the arrow in FIG.

Scorotron charger 11 as charging means
Is mounted so as to face and be close to the photosensitive drum 10 in a direction perpendicular to the moving direction of the photosensitive drum 10 as an image forming body (the direction perpendicular to the plane of FIG. 1). A control grid (no symbol) maintained at a predetermined potential with respect to the body layer;
As a, for example, a sawtooth electrode is used, and a charging action (in this embodiment, negative charging) is performed by corona discharge having the same polarity as that of the toner, thereby giving a uniform potential to the photosensitive drum 10. As the corona discharge electrode 11a, a wire electrode or a needle electrode may be used.

The exposure optical system 12 for each color is a linear exposure element (LED) in which a plurality of LEDs (light emitting diodes) as light emitting elements of image exposure light are arranged in an array parallel to the axis of the photosensitive drum 10. (Not shown) and a selfoc lens (not shown) as an equal-magnification imaging element are configured as an exposure unit attached to a holder. Cylindrical holding member 2
At 0, the exposure optical system 12 for each color is attached and housed inside the base of the photosensitive drum 10. In addition, as the exposure element, a linear element in which a plurality of light emitting elements such as FL (phosphor emission), EL (electroluminescence), and PL (plasma discharge) are arranged in an array is used.

An exposure optical system 12 as an image writing means for each color sets an exposure position on the photosensitive drum 10 between the scorotron charger 11 and the developing unit 13 and the photosensitive unit with respect to the developing unit 13. It is arranged inside the photoconductor drum 10 in a state provided on the upstream side in the rotation direction of the drum 10.

The exposure optical system 12 performs image processing based on image data of each color sent from a separate computer (not shown) and stored in a memory, and then forms an image on a uniformly charged photosensitive drum 10. Exposure is performed to form a latent image on the photosensitive drum 10. The emission wavelength of the light-emitting element used in this embodiment is usually 6 for the toners of Y, M, and C, which have high translucency.
The wavelength in the range of 80 to 900 nm is good, but the wavelength may be shorter than this, since the color toner does not have sufficient translucency since image exposure is performed from the back surface.

The developing device 13 as a developing means for each color includes
Inside yellow (Y), magenta (M), cyan (C)
Alternatively, it contains a black (K) two-component (or one-component) developer and is formed of, for example, a cylindrical non-magnetic stainless steel or aluminum material having a thickness of 0.5 to 1 mm and an outer diameter of 15 to 25 mm, respectively. And a developing sleeve 13a as a developer carrier.

In the developing area, the developing sleeve 13a is kept out of contact with the photosensitive drum 10 with a predetermined gap, for example, 100 to 1000 μm, by abutting rollers (not shown). At the closest position, it rotates in the forward direction, and at the time of development, an AC voltage AC is superimposed on a DC voltage of the same polarity as the toner (in the present embodiment, a negative polarity) or a DC voltage with respect to the developing sleeve 13a. By applying the developing bias voltage, non-contact reversal development is performed on the exposed portion of the photosensitive drum 10. At this time, the precision of the development interval needs to be about 20 μm or less in order to prevent image unevenness.

As described above, the developing device 13 transfers the electrostatic latent image on the photosensitive drum 10 formed by the charging by the scorotron charger 11 and the image exposure by the exposure optical system 12 in a non-contact state. Reversal development is performed with toner having the same polarity as the charge polarity of No. 10 (in the present embodiment, the photosensitive drum is negatively charged, and the toner has a negative polarity).

As shown in FIG. 2, the photosensitive drum 10 and the holding member 20 are located at the rear and front ends of the apparatus.
Flange members 10A and 10B, which are support members for rotatably supporting the photosensitive drum 10, respectively, and a holding member 20
Are integrally formed with the flanges 120A and 120B for supporting by pressing means or means such as screws. The photosensitive drum 10 has a flange member 10 as a support member.
A and the flange member 10B are shafts 12 which are fixed members integrally formed with the flange 120A of the holding member 20.
1 and the flange 120B are rotatably supported via bearings B1 and B2, respectively.

The shaft 121 has a shaft portion 121A for holding the photosensitive drum 10, and a device shaft 70 on the back side is provided with a support shaft 130 as a holding means for the shaft 121 having an engagement hole 130A. I have. Engagement hole 130
A is fitted with a linear bearing B4, and the support shaft 130 is fixed to the rear device substrate 70 by screws or the like with the receiving member 130a interposed therebetween. The support shaft 130 is located at the center of the gear G2 that meshes with the drive gear G1, and rotatably supports a conductive member 131 that integrates the gear G2 via a bearing B3. On the other hand, the device substrate 70 on the front side of the device
An opening 70 </ b> A that allows the photosensitive drum 10 that integrates the exposure optical system 12 fixed to the holding member 20 to be inserted and removed is opened.

The holding member 20 inserts the shaft 121A of the shaft 121 into the linear bearing B4 provided on the support shaft 130 with respect to the device board 70 on the rear side, and
A of the engagement pin 121 of the support shaft 130
By engaging the V-shaped groove formed in 30B and restricting the angular position of the exposure optical system 12, the exposure optical system 12 is attached to the device board 70. The front cover 120D is mounted at a predetermined position by fixing the front cover 120D with the screw 52 while pressing the front cover 120D in the axial direction with the buffer material K interposed therebetween.

The coupling 10C, which is an engagement member attached to the side surface of the flange member 10A, which is a support member for supporting the photosensitive drum 10, and the driving member, which is a coupling member attached to the side surface of the transmission member 131 integrally with the gear G2. The flange member 10 is formed by the pin 131A and the set screw 51.
A coupling portion between the gear A and the gear G2 is formed, and when the photosensitive drum 10 having the holding member 20 integrated therewith is mounted, the coupling 10C attached to the side surface of the flange member 10A.
Is fitted into a drive pin 131A attached to the side surface of the conductive member 131 having the gear G2, and after engagement, the conductive member 131 having the gear G2 and the photosensitive drum 10 having the flange member 10A are aligned at the center and the outer peripheral surface. In the state
The drive pin 131A and the coupling 10C are fixed from the side of the photosensitive drum 10 using the set screw 51, and the flange member 10A and the gear G2 are connected and fixed.

When the image forming body drive motor (not shown) is started by the start of image formation, the rotational power of the drive gear G1 is transmitted to the photosensitive drum 10 via the coupling portion by the gear G2, and the photosensitive drum 10 is moved to the position shown in FIG. , And at the same time, application of a potential to the photosensitive drum 10 is started by the charging action of the Y scorotron charger 11.
After a potential is applied to the photosensitive drum 10, exposure by the first color signal, that is, an electric signal corresponding to Y image data is started in the Y exposure optical system 12, and the surface of the photosensitive drum 10 is rotated by the rotational scanning. An electrostatic latent image corresponding to the yellow (Y) image of the original image is formed on the photosensitive layer. This latent image is reversely developed in a non-contact state by the Y developing device 13, and a yellow (Y) toner image is formed on the photosensitive drum 10.

Next, the photoreceptor drum 10 places an M scorotron charger 11 on the yellow (Y) toner image.
A potential is applied by the charging action of the M exposure optical system 12
Exposure is performed using an electrical signal corresponding to the second color signal of m, i.e., magenta (M) image data.
Yellow (Y) by non-contact reversal development
A toner image of magenta (M) is formed on the toner image of FIG.

By the same process, the cyan (C) toner image corresponding to the third color signal is further processed by the C scorotron charger 11, the exposure optical system 12, and the developing device 13, and the K scorotron charger 11 , Exposure optical system 1
A black (K) toner image corresponding to the fourth color signal is sequentially superimposed and formed by the second and developing units 13, and a color toner image is formed on the peripheral surface within one rotation of the photosensitive drum 10. You.

As described above, in this embodiment, Y, M,
The exposure of the organic photosensitive layer of the photoconductor drum 10 by the C and K exposure optical systems 12 is performed through a transparent substrate from the inside of the photoconductor drum 10. Therefore, the exposure of the image corresponding to the second, third, and fourth color signals can form an electrostatic latent image without being shielded by the previously formed toner image, which is preferable. Photoconductor drum 1
0 may be exposed from outside.

On the other hand, the recording paper P as a transfer material is sent out from a paper feed cassette 15 as a transfer material storage means by a feed roller (no code), and fed by a feed roller (no code) to a timing roller. It is conveyed to 16.

The recording paper P is synchronized with the color toner image carried on the photosensitive drum 10 by the driving of the timing roller 16, and the paper charger 1 as paper charging means is synchronized.
Due to the electrification of 50, the toner is attracted to the conveyor belt 14a and fed to the transfer area. The recording paper P, which is closely transported by the transport belt 14a, is moved around the photosensitive drum 10 by a transfer unit 14c as a transfer unit to which a voltage having a polarity opposite to that of the toner (positive polarity in the present embodiment) is applied in a transfer area. The color toner images on the surface are collectively transferred to the recording paper P.

The recording paper P on which the color toner image has been transferred is
The paper is discharged by a paper separation AC neutralizer 14h as a transfer material separating unit, separated from the transport belt 14a, and transported to the fixing device 17.

The fixing device 17 includes a heat ray fixing roller 17a as an upper roll-shaped heat ray fixing rotating member (upper fixing member) for fixing a color toner image, and a pressure rubber roller 47a as a lower fixing member. Is composed of
Inside the heat ray fixing roller 17a, a halogen lamp 171g that emits heat rays such as infrared rays or far infrared rays including visible light depending on a light source is provided as a heat ray irradiation unit.

Heat ray fixing roller 17a and pressure rubber roller 4
The recording paper P is sandwiched by a nip portion N formed between the recording paper P and the color toner image on the recording paper P by applying heat and pressure. Is discharged to the tray at the top of the device.

The toner remaining on the peripheral surface of the photosensitive drum 10 after the transfer is transferred to a cleaning blade 19 provided in a cleaning device 19 as an image forming body cleaning means.
Cleaning is performed by a. The photosensitive drum 10 from which the residual toner has been removed is uniformly charged by the scorotron charger 11, and enters the next image forming cycle.

As shown in FIG. 3, the fixing device 17 includes a heat ray fixing roller 17a as a roll-shaped heat ray fixing rotating member (upper fixing member) having an upper elasticity for fixing a toner image on a transfer material. And a pressure rubber roller 47a as a lower fixing member also having elasticity, each width being formed between the heat ray fixing roller 17a having elasticity and the pressure rubber roller 47a, a width of 15 mm or less, preferably 5 mm. The recording paper P that enters the nip N and passes through the nip N is sandwiched by the wide nip N, and the toner image on the recording paper P is fixed by applying heat and pressure. The heat ray fixing roller 17a as a roll-shaped heat ray fixing rotating member (upper fixing member) provided on the upper side has a heat ray fixing roller 1 from the position of the nip portion N.
A fixing separation claw TR3, a fixing oil cleaning roller TR1, a heat equalizing roller TR4, and an oil application roller TR2 are provided in the rotation direction of 7a, and an oil-impregnated felt member is wound around a cylindrical aluminum pipe or paper tube. Oil is applied to the heat ray fixing roller 17a by the applied oil applying roller TR2. Fixing oil cleaning roller T
The oil on the peripheral surface of the heat ray fixing roller 17a is cleaned by R1. Accordingly, the heat equalizing roller TR4 and a temperature sensor TS1, which will be described later, which is a temperature detecting means for measuring the temperature of the heat ray fixing roller 17a, are provided between the fixing oil cleaning roller TR1 and the oil application roller TR2. 17a is provided on the peripheral surface. The transfer material after fixing is separated by the fixing separation claw TR3. Further, the heat generation temperature distribution on the peripheral surface of the heat ray fixing roller 17a heated by the heat ray absorbing layer 171b by the heat equalizing roller TR4 using a metal roller member having good thermal conductivity such as aluminum or stainless steel or a heat pipe using a heat pipe is uniform. Be transformed into The heat uniformizing roller TR4 equalizes the temperature unevenness of the heat ray fixing roller 17a in the vertical and horizontal directions due to the passage of the transfer material.

A heat ray fixing roller 17a as a heat ray fixing rotating member (upper fixing member) for fixing a toner image on a transfer material includes a cylindrical light-transmitting substrate 171a and a light-transmitting substrate 171a. A translucent elastic layer 171 on the outside (outer peripheral surface)
d, a heat ray absorbing layer 171b and a release layer 171c are provided in that order as a soft roller. Translucent substrate 17
A halogen lamp 171g, which is a heat ray irradiating means for emitting heat rays such as infrared rays or far infrared rays including visible light depending on the light source, is provided inside 1a. The heat ray fixing roller 17a as a heat ray fixing rotating member is configured as a highly elastic soft roller as described later. The heat ray emitted from the halogen lamp 171g is the heat ray absorbing layer 171.
Thus, a roll-shaped rotatable member for fixing heat rays, which is absorbed by b and can be rapidly heated, is formed.

The pressing rubber roller 47a as a lower fixing member is made of, for example, a core metal 471a made of aluminum.
A roller member is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the cored bar 471a by a rubber roller layer 471b made of a sponge-like thick rubber layer having a thickness of 5 to 20 mm using, for example, a silicone rubber foam material. The rubber roller layer 471b is configured as an elastic soft roller that is covered with a tube 471c of a heat-resistant fluororesin such as PFA or PTFA having releasability on the outer side (outer peripheral surface) of the rubber roller layer 471b. Further, a heat equalizing roller TR4 using a metal roller member having good thermal conductivity, such as an aluminum material or a stainless steel material, which abuts on the surface of the rubber roller 471b and is driven to rotate, is provided. The heat generation temperature distribution on the peripheral surface of the pressure rubber roller 47a is made uniform. As the heat uniformizing roller TR4, it is preferable to use a heat pipe that serves both heat storage and heat radiation.

A flat nip N is formed between the upper soft roller and the lower soft roller, and the toner image is fixed.

TS1 is a temperature sensor which is mounted on the upper heat ray fixing roller 17a and is a temperature detecting means using, for example, a contact type thermistor for controlling the temperature. TS2 is mounted on the lower pressure rubber roller 47a. A temperature sensor using, for example, a contact-type thermistor for controlling the temperature. Temperature sensors TS1, TS2
In addition to the contact type, it is also possible to use a non-contact type.

According to FIG. 4, the configuration of the heat ray fixing roller 17a is, as shown in the cross section in FIG. 4 (a), as a cylindrical light transmitting substrate 171a having a thickness of 1 to 20 mm, preferably 2 to 20 mm. A ceramic material such as Pyrex glass, sapphire (Al ₂ O ₃ ), or CaF ₂ having a thickness of 5 mm and transmitting infrared rays or far infrared rays from a halogen lamp 171 g (having a thermal conductivity of (5 to 20) × 10 ⁻³ ) J / cm ・ s ・
K, a specific heat of (0.5 to 2.0) × J / g · K, and a specific gravity of 1.5 to 3.0), and a light-transmitting resin (thermal conductivity) using polyimide, polyamide, or the like. Is (2-
4) × 10 ⁻³ J / cm · s · K, specific heat of (1-2) × J
/ G · K, specific gravity of 0.8 to 1.2) and the like can also be used. For example, the translucent substrate 1 of the heat ray fixing roller 17a
Pyrex glass having an inner diameter of 32 mm, an outer diameter of 40 mm, and a layer thickness (thickness) of 4 mm (a specific heat of 0.78
The heat capacity Q1 per A-3 size width (297 mm) of the translucent substrate 171a when J / g · K and the specific gravity are 2.32) is about 60 cal / deg. The wavelength of the heat ray passing through the translucent substrate 171a is 0.1 to 20.
μm, preferably 0.3 to 3 μm, so that a filler for adjusting hardness or thermal conductivity is added as a filler.
ITO, titanium oxide, aluminum oxide, zinc oxide having an average particle diameter of 1 μm or less, preferably 0.1 μm or less, including secondary particles, and having a heat ray transmission property (an infrared ray or a far infrared ray including visible light depending on a light source). A transparent substrate 171 in which fine particles of a metal oxide such as silicon oxide, magnesium oxide, and calcium carbonate are dispersed in a resin binder;
a may be formed. It is preferable that the average particle diameter including the primary and secondary particles in the layer is 1 μm or less, preferably 0.1 μm or less in order to prevent light scattering and reach the heat ray absorbing layer 171b. As described above, the translucent substrate 171a does not have good thermal conductivity.

The light-transmitting elastic layer 171d has a thickness of 0.5 mm or more, preferably 6 mm
It is formed of a silicon rubber layer (base layer) that transmits heat rays (infrared rays including visible light or far infrared rays depending on the light source) using the following silicone rubber. In order to cope with high-speed operation, a method for improving the thermal conductivity by blending a powder of a metal oxide such as silica, alumina, or magnesium oxide as a filler in the base layer (silicone rubber layer) for the light-transmitting elastic layer 171d is proposed. And the thermal conductivity is (1
~ 3) × 10 ^-3 J / cm · s · K, specific heat is (1-2) ×
A silicon rubber layer having J / g · K and a specific gravity of 0.9 to 1.0 is used. For example, the translucent elastic layer 1 of the heat ray fixing roller 17a
71d, a silicon rubber layer having an outer diameter of 50 mm and a layer thickness (thickness) of 5 mm (specific heat 1.1 J / g · K, specific gravity 0.
91), the heat capacity Q2 per A-3 size width (297 mm) of the translucent elastic layer 171d is about 50c.
al / deg. The silicon rubber layer is a translucent substrate using a glass member having a thermal conductivity of (5 to 20).
× 10 ⁻³ J / cm · s · K), which is an order of magnitude lower, so that it functions as a layer having heat insulating properties. When the thermal conductivity is increased, the rubber hardness generally tends to increase. For example, a rubber having a normal hardness of 40 Hs tends to have a hardness close to 60 Hs (JIS, A rubber hardness). Preferred rubber hardness is 5 Hs or more and 60 Hs or less (JIS, A rubber hardness). Most of the translucent elastic layer 171d of the heat ray fixing rotating member is occupied by the base layer, and the amount of compression during pressurization is determined by the rubber hardness of the base layer. The intermediate layer of the light-transmitting elastic layer 171d is made of an oil-resistant layer of 20 to 300 fluorine-based rubber to prevent oil swelling.
It is painted with a thickness of μm. As the silicon rubber of the top layer (surface layer) of the translucent elastic layer 171d, HTV (H
high Temperature Volcanizi
ng) RTV (Room Temp)
erasure Volcanizing) and LTV
(Low Temperature Volcaniz
ing) is coated with a thickness similar to that of the intermediate layer. The wavelength of the heat ray passing through the translucent elastic layer 171d is 0.1 to
Since the thickness is 20 μm, preferably 0.3 to 3 μm, the particle size is 1/1/1 of the wavelength of the heat ray as an agent for adjusting the hardness or the thermal conductivity.
2, preferably not more than 1/5 and having an average particle diameter of 1 μm or less, preferably 0.1 μm or less, including primary and secondary particles (transmission of infrared or far-infrared light including visible light depending on the light source) The translucent elastic layer 171d may be formed by dispersing fine particles of a metal oxide such as titanium oxide, aluminum oxide, zinc oxide, silicon oxide, magnesium oxide, and calcium carbonate in a resin binder. It is preferable that the average particle diameter including the primary and secondary particles in the layer is 1 μm or less, preferably 0.1 μm or less in order to prevent light scattering and reach the heat ray absorbing layer 171b. By providing the translucent elastic layer 171d, the heat ray fixing roller 17a as a heat ray fixing rotating member is configured as a soft elastic roller.

As the heat ray absorbing layer 171b, the remaining heat rays emitted from the halogen lamp 171g and absorbed by the light transmitting base 171a and the light transmitting elastic layer 171d are used as the heat transmitting base 171a and the light transmitting elastic layer. 90 to 100%, which is about 100% of the heat ray transmitted through 171d, preferably 9%
Carbon black, graphite, iron black (F) is used in the resin binder so that the heat ray absorbing layer 171b absorbs 5 to 100% of the heat rays to form a heat ray fixing rotating member capable of rapid heating.
e ₃ O ₄ ), various ferrites and compounds thereof, copper oxide, cobalt oxide, heat ray absorbing member mixed with powder such as red iron oxide (Fe ₂ O ₃ ), and has a thickness of 10 to 500 μm, preferably 20 to 100 μm. The heat ray absorbing member is made of a translucent elastic layer 1
It is formed on the outside (outer peripheral surface) of 71d by spraying or coating. The thermal conductivity of the heat ray absorbing layer 171b is the same as that of the silicon rubber layer of the translucent elastic layer 171d (the thermal conductivity is (1 to 3)).
× 10 ⁻³ J / cm · s · K, specific heat of (1-2) × J / g
(K, specific gravity of 0.9 to 1.0), slightly higher (3 to 10) by the addition of an absorbent such as carbon black.
× 10 ⁻³ J / cm · s · K (specific heat is (（2.0) × J /
g · K and specific gravity (（0.9) can be set. As the heat ray absorbing layer 171b, a metal roller member such as a nickel electroformed roller may be provided with a similar thickness. At this time, it is preferable that the inside (the inner peripheral surface) is subjected to black oxidation treatment in order to absorb heat rays. The heat ray absorption rate in the heat ray absorption layer 171b is lower than about 90%, for example, 20 to 80.
%, The heat rays leak, and when the heat ray fixing roller 17a as a heat ray fixing rotating member is used for monochrome image formation due to the leaked heat rays, the surface of the specific position of the heat ray fixing roller 17a is blackened by filming or the like. When the toner adheres, heat is generated from the adhering portion by the leaked heat rays, and heat is further generated by heat ray absorption in that portion to damage the heat ray absorbing layer 171b. Further, when used for forming a color image, the absorption efficiency of the color toner is generally low, and there is a difference in the absorption efficiency between the color toners, resulting in poor fixing or uneven fixing. Therefore, the halogen lamp 17
1g, the remaining heat rays absorbed by the translucent substrate 171a and the translucent elastic layer 171d are used as the translucent substrate 1
The heat ray absorbing layer 1 so that the heat ray transmitted through the light transmitting elastic layer 171d is completely absorbed by the heat ray absorbing layer 171b.
The heat ray absorptivity of 71b is approximately 100%, which is 90 to 100.
%, Preferably 95 to 100%. Thereby, the color toner, which is difficult to fix by heat rays due to different spectral characteristics, is favorably melted. Particularly, in the color image formation in FIG. 1, it is difficult to fix by heat rays due to different spectral characteristics. The superimposed color toner image on the transfer material having a thick toner layer is fused well. Also,
When the thickness of the heat ray absorbing layer 171b is less than 10 μm and thin, the heating rate due to the absorption of heat rays in the heat ray absorbing layer 171b is high, but the heat ray absorbing layer 171b due to local heating by a thin film.
If the thickness of the heat ray absorbing layer 171b exceeds 500 μm and becomes too thick, heat conduction becomes poor or the heat capacity becomes large, making rapid heating difficult. By setting the heat ray absorption rate of the heat ray absorption layer 171b to 90 to 100%, which is about 100%, preferably 95 to 100%, or setting the thickness of the heat ray absorption layer 171b to 10 to 500 μm, preferably 20 to 100 μm, Local heat generation in the absorption layer 171b is prevented, and uniform heat generation is performed. Further, the wavelength of the heat ray projected on the heat ray absorbing layer 171b is 0.1 to 20 μm, preferably 0.3 to 3 μm.
Therefore, an adjuster for hardness and thermal conductivity is added as a filler, but the average particle size including primary and secondary particles having a particle size of 、, preferably １ ／ or less of the wavelength of the heat ray is included. Is 1μ
Metals such as titanium oxide, aluminum oxide, zinc oxide, silicon oxide, magnesium oxide, calcium carbonate, etc. having a heat ray transmission of not more than m, preferably not more than 0.1 μm (depending on the light source, transmitting infrared or far infrared rays including visible light). The heat ray absorbing layer 171b may be formed by dispersing 5 to 50% by weight of oxide fine particles in a resin binder. Since the heat capacity of the heat ray absorbing layer 171b is thus reduced so that the temperature rises immediately, the temperature of the heat ray fixing roller 17a as a heat ray fixing rotating member is lowered, thereby causing the problem of uneven fixing. To prevent. Heat ray absorption layer 1
As 71b, carbon black, graphite, iron black (Fe ₃ O ₄ ), various ferrites and compounds thereof, copper oxide, cobalt oxide,
A powder mixed with powder such as red iron (Fe ₂ O ₃ ) may be used. For example, the heat ray absorbing layer 17 of the heat ray fixing roller 17a
1b (or a combined layer 171B described later) having an outer diameter of 5
On a surface (outer peripheral surface) of the light-transmitting elastic layer 171d having a thickness of 0 mm, a fluororesin having a layer thickness (thickness) of 50 μm (specific heat 2.0 J / g
-K, the specific gravity is 0.9) The heat ray absorption layer 171 when using.
b (or dual-purpose layer 171B) in the A-3 size width (297
mm) is about 1.0 cal / deg.
It is. As the heat ray absorbing layer 171b, a metal film member such as a nickel electroformed belt can be used. At this time, it is desirable that the inside (inner peripheral surface) be subjected to black oxidation treatment in order to absorb heat rays.

Further, a PFA (fluororesin) tube having a thickness of 30 to 100 μm is coated on the outer side (outer peripheral surface) of the heat ray absorbing layer 171 b separately from the heat ray absorbing layer 171 b in order to improve the releasability from the toner. Or fluorinated resin (PF
A or PTFE) Release layer 171c coated with a paint of 20 to 30 μm (having a thermal conductivity of (1 to 10) × 10 ⁻³ J / cm.
S · K, specific heat (（2.0) × J / g · K, specific gravity (〜0.9)) (separated type).

Further, as shown in the cross section in FIG. 4B, carbon black, graphite, iron black (Fe ₃ O ₄ ), various ferrites and their compounds, copper oxide, cobalt oxide, red iron (Fe ₂ O ₃ ), etc. Heat-absorbing member mixed with powder of PTFE, and a fluororesin (PFA or PT) that also serves as a binder and a release agent
FE) is mixed with a paint, and the heat ray absorbing layer 171b and the release layer 171c described above with reference to FIG.
A heat-fixing rotary member in the form of a roll having elasticity may be formed outside (outer peripheral surface) of the translucent elastic layer 171d formed outside (outer peripheral surface). The thermal conductivity of the dual-purpose layer 171B is substantially the same as the thermal conductivity of the heat ray absorbing layer 171b.
(3-10) × 10 ⁻³ J / cm · s · K (specific heat
2.0) × J / g · K, and specific gravity is (０．９0.9).
As described above, the remaining heat rays emitted from the halogen lamp 171g and absorbed by the translucent base 171a and the translucent elastic layer 171d pass through the translucent base 171a and the translucent elastic layer 171d. In order to completely absorb heat rays, the heat ray absorption rate of the dual-purpose layer 171B is set to 90 to 100%, which is about 100%, and preferably 95 to 100%. The heat ray absorptivity in the combined layer 171B is lower than about 90%,
For example, if it is about 20% to 80%, the heat ray leaks, and when the heat ray fixing rotating member is used for monochrome image formation due to the leaked heat ray, black toner is formed on the surface of the heat ray fixing rotating member at a specific position by filming or the like. When heat adheres, heat is generated from the adhering portion by the leaked heat rays, and heat is further generated by heat ray absorption at that portion, thereby damaging the dual-purpose layer 171B. Further, when used for forming a color image, the absorption efficiency of the color toner is generally low, and there is a difference in the absorption efficiency between the color toners, resulting in poor fixing or uneven fixing. Therefore, among the remaining heat rays emitted from the halogen lamp 171g and absorbed by the light-transmitting base 171a and the light-transmitting elastic layer 171d, the heat rays transmitted through the light-transmitting base 171a and the light-transmitting elastic layer 171d are fixed by heat rays. The heat ray absorptivity of the dual-purpose layer 171B is about 90% to 100%, which is about 100%, and is preferably 9 so that it is completely absorbed in the rotating member.
5 to 100%. In addition, local heat generation in the dual-purpose layer 171B is also prevented, and uniform heat generation is performed. The wavelength of the heat ray projected on the dual-purpose layer 171B is 0.1 to 20 μm.
m, preferably 0.3 to 3 μm, so that a filler for adjusting hardness or thermal conductivity is added as a filler. 2
The average particle size including the secondary particles is 1 μm or less, preferably 0.1 μm or less.
Fine particles of metal oxide such as titanium oxide, aluminum oxide, zinc oxide, silicon oxide, magnesium oxide, calcium carbonate, etc. having a heat ray transmission of 1 μm or less (infrared ray or visible ray including visible light depending on the light source) are used as resin binder. May be used to form the dual-purpose layer 171B.

According to FIG. 5, the heat ray fixing roller 17a as a roll-shaped rotating member for heat ray fixing (upper fixing member)
If the concentration distribution of the above-mentioned heat ray absorbing member is uniformly provided on the heat ray absorbing layer 171b, heat is concentrated in the heat ray absorbing layer 171b at the boundary, and the heat easily flows to the translucent elastic layer 171d side. The heat ray absorbing layer 171 may be formed by using a member having a lower thermal conductivity than the translucent substrate 171a or by providing a concentration distribution.
It is preferable to generate heat inside b from the viewpoint of dispersing the heat generation distribution. As shown in the graph (a), the concentration distribution of the heat ray absorbing layer 171b is inscribed in the translucent elastic layer 171d.
The interface on the side is made to have a low concentration and is gradually increased toward the outer peripheral surface side, and is gradually increased toward the outer peripheral surface side (2/3 to 4 from the translucent elastic layer 171d side with respect to the thickness t1 of the heat ray absorbing layer 171b). /
(At a position of about 5) so as to obtain a concentration that absorbs 100% so as to be saturated. Thereby, the heat ray absorbing layer 171
As shown in the graph (b), the heat generation distribution due to the absorption of the heat ray at b has a maximum value near the center of the heat ray absorption layer 171b and a minimum value near the interface and the outer peripheral surface of the heat ray absorption layer 171b. It is formed in a parabolic shape. Alternatively, the heat ray absorbing layer 171
It is preferable to provide a light-transmissive heat-resistant resin (polyimide, fluororesin or silicon resin) with a thickness of 10 to 500 μm, preferably 20 to 100 μm, on the interface and the outer peripheral surface of b. Further, it is preferable to suppress heat loss as a member having a lower thermal conductivity than the translucent substrate 171a. This reduces heat generation due to absorption of heat rays at the interface, prevents heat from flowing out, and prevents damage to the adhesive layer and heat ray absorbing layer 171b at the interface. In addition, before the outer peripheral surface side (the heat ray absorbing layer 171).
2/3 from the light-transmitting base 171a side with respect to the thickness t1 of b.
(About ４ of the position) so as to saturate the concentration distribution from the outer peripheral surface to the outer peripheral surface. In particular, even when the dual-purpose layer 171B is used, there is no influence even if the outer peripheral surface layer is cut off. Note that a saturated layer may be formed as shown by a dotted line. In short, if the absorption is sufficiently performed inside, the influence of the concentration on the outside disappears. There is no influence of shaving. Further, the concentration distribution is provided with the inclination, and the heat generation distribution can be adjusted by changing the inclination angle.

As shown in FIG. 6, the outer diameter φ of the cylindrical translucent substrate 171a of the heat ray fixing roller 17a as a roll-shaped heat ray fixing rotating member (upper fixing member) is 15 to 60 mm. As the thickness t, a thicker one is better in terms of strength and a thinner one is better in terms of heat capacity. However, from the relationship between strength and heat capacity, the outer diameter of the cylindrical light-transmitting base 171a is large. The relationship between φ and the thickness t is 0.02 ≦ t / φ ≦ 0.20, preferably 0.04 ≦ t / φ ≦ 0.10. When the outer diameter φ of the transparent substrate 171a is 40 mm, the thickness t of the transparent substrate 171a is 0.8 mm ≦ t ≦ 8 m.
m, preferably 1.6 mm ≦ t ≦ 4.0 mm. When t / φ is less than 0.02 in the translucent substrate 171a, the strength becomes insufficient, and when t / φ exceeds 0.20, the heat capacity increases and the heating of the heat ray fixing roller 17a is prolonged. Further, depending on the material, a light-transmitting substrate may absorb about 1 to 20% of heat rays, and it is preferable that the substrate be thin as long as the strength can be maintained.

The use of the fixing device 17 described with reference to FIG. 3 makes it possible to provide a fixing device that is resistant to deformation at the fixing portion (nip portion) and that can perform quick start (rapid heating). Due to the pressure in the soft fixing portion (nip portion) due to the elasticity of the member and the heating by the heat absorbing layer of the rotating member for fixing heat rays, the color toner which is difficult to fix by the heat rays due to different spectral characteristics. The melting is performed favorably, and quick start (rapid heating) fixing of the color toner becomes possible. Also, an energy saving effect can be obtained.

However, a silicon rubber layer is used as the translucent elastic layer 171d of the heat ray fixing roller 17a provided in the fixing device 17, but the silicon rubber layer has poor transmittance of heat rays from the halogen lamp 171g on the long wavelength side. In addition, there arises a problem that the light-transmitting elastic layer 171d is deteriorated by heat generated inside the light-transmitting elastic layer 171d due to heat ray absorption. Further, there is a problem that rapid heating of the heat ray absorbing layer 171b on the surface is reduced. That is, FIG. 7 shows the temperature distribution of each layer of the heat ray fixing roller 17a when a silicon rubber layer is used as the translucent elastic layer 171d as a conventional problem. If the absorptivity of the heat ray from the halogen lamp 171g in the 171d is large, the temperature rise near the interface close to the translucent substrate 171a mainly using a glass member is large, and the silicon rubber layer as the translucent elastic layer 171d is damaged ( deterioration)
Receive. Further, when the silicon rubber layer is thick, the heat ray is greatly absorbed by the translucent elastic layer 171d, so that the heat ray hardly reaches the heat ray absorbing layer 171b on the surface.
The heat generated by the air is not so much generated. In FIG. 7, in order to prevent deterioration due to heat generation due to heat ray absorption of the translucent elastic layer 171d using a silicon rubber layer, and to allow heat rays to reach the heat ray absorption layer 171b and cause the heat ray absorption layer 171b to appropriately generate heat. The allowable transmittance is set to 50% or more.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the transmittance of the light-transmitting elastic layer using the silicone rubber layer is increased, the deterioration of the light-transmitting elastic layer caused by internal heat generation due to heat ray absorption is prevented, and FIGS. 8 to 10 show effective heat generation.
This will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the transmittance between the light-transmitting substrate and the light-transmitting elastic layer using the silicone rubber layer, and FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the energy intensity distribution at each color temperature of the halogen lamp. FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the transmittance between the light-transmitting substrate and the silicone rubber layer under a halogen lamp.

FIGS. 8 to 10 show the transmittance (%) at each wavelength (nm) of the light-transmitting substrate 171a mainly using a glass member and the light-transmitting elastic layer 171d using a silicon rubber layer. As shown in FIG. 8, the light-transmitting substrate 171a indicated by a solid line as a glass member 1 mm (glass 1 mm) is transmitted without absorption at each wavelength, but is transmitted through the light-transmitting elastic layer 171.
d, a silicon rubber layer (Si 1 mm) having a layer thickness of 1 mm indicated by a dashed line or a layer thickness of 6 m indicated by a dotted line.
The m-silicon rubber layer (Si 6 mm) has large absorption on the long wavelength side, and the silicon rubber layer has a large absorption wavelength at a wavelength of 1200 nm or more. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 9, the energy intensity distribution at each color temperature (absolute temperature, (° K)) of the halogen lamp 171 g as a heat ray irradiating unit that emits a heat ray, the halogen lamp 171 g has the maximum energy intensity distribution. The color temperature (° K) is set to 2400 ° K, which is set to a wavelength shorter than 1200 nm.
It is preferable to use the halogen lamp 171 g described above. As shown in FIG. 8, the light-transmitting substrate 171a using a glass member (pyrex glass) has a high transmittance even on the long wavelength side, and absorption is not a problem.

Under a halogen lamp 171g, which is a means for irradiating heat rays, a light-transmitting base 171a using a glass member and a light-transmitting elastic layer 171 using a silicon rubber layer.
FIG. 10 shows the transmittance (%) at each color temperature (° K) with d, and the glass member was 1 mm (glass 1 mm) and the layer thickness was 1 m.
m silicon rubber layer (Si1 mm), silicon rubber layer (Si2 mm) having a thickness of 2 mm, silicon rubber layer (Si6 mm) having a thickness of 6 mm, and silicon rubber layer (Si8 mm) having a thickness of 8 mm. As the transmittance increases, the transmittance increases. That is, 171 g of a halogen lamp
It can be said that the higher the output (the higher the color temperature), the higher the transmittance. In particular, the silicon rubber layer has a large effect, but the color temperature of the halogen lamp 171g, which is a heat ray irradiating means, is in the preferable range of 2500 °. A preferable range determined by K or more and an allowable transmissivity of 50% or more of heat generation due to heat ray absorption of the translucent elastic layer 171d using a silicon rubber layer is a portion shown by oblique lines in FIG. The transmittance of the light elastic layer 171d is increased to prevent deterioration of the light transmissive elastic layer 171d caused by internal heat generation of the light transmissive elastic layer 171d due to heat ray absorption, and
In order to perform effective heat generation at 71b, the layer thickness is 6 mm.
The following silicone rubber layers are preferred.

As described above, the transmittance of the translucent elastic layer using the silicone rubber layer is increased, the deterioration of the translucent elastic layer caused by internal heat generation due to heat ray absorption is prevented, and the heat generation in the heat ray absorbing layer is prevented. Is effectively performed.

[0056]

According to the present invention, the transmittance of the light-transmitting elastic layer using the silicone rubber layer is increased, and the light-transmitting elastic layer is prevented from deteriorating due to internal heat generation due to heat ray absorption. Heat generation in the absorption layer is effectively performed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a color image forming apparatus showing an embodiment of an image forming apparatus using a fixing device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side sectional view of the image forming body of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a structure of a fixing device.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional configuration diagram of the roll-shaped rotating member for heat ray fixing in FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a concentration distribution of a heat ray absorbing layer of the roll-shaped heat ray fixing rotating member of FIG. 3;

6 is a view showing the outer diameter and thickness of a light-transmitting substrate of the roll-shaped heat ray fixing rotating member of FIG. 3;

FIG. 7 is a view showing a problem when a silicon rubber layer is used as a light-transmitting elastic layer of the heat ray fixing rotating member.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the transmittance of a light-transmitting substrate and a light-transmitting elastic layer using a silicone rubber layer.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an energy intensity distribution at each color temperature of a halogen lamp.

FIG. 10 is a view showing the transmittance of a light-transmitting substrate and a silicone rubber layer under a halogen lamp.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 10 photoreceptor drum 11 scorotron charger 12 exposure optical system 13 developing device 17 fixing device 17a heat ray fixing roller 47a pressure rubber roller 171a light transmitting substrate 171B combined layer 171b heat ray absorbing layer 171c release layer 171d light transmitting elastic layer 171g halogen Lamp P Recording paper

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A fixing device for fixing a toner image on a transfer material to the transfer material by heating and pressurizing, wherein the fixing device has a heat ray irradiating means for emitting heat rays therein, and has a light transmitting property with respect to the heat rays. Roll-shaped heat ray fixing by providing a cylindrical light transmissive substrate, a light transmissive elastic layer outside the light transmissive substrate, and a heat ray absorbing layer absorbing the heat rays outside the light transmissive elastic layer While forming the rotating member for, the translucent elastic layer is a silicon rubber layer, the wavelength showing the maximum energy intensity of the heat ray irradiation means to the shorter wavelength side with respect to the absorption wavelength of the translucent elastic layer. A fixing device. 2. The color temperature of the heat ray irradiation means is 2500 °.
The fixing device according to claim 1, wherein the fixing device is at least K. 3. The fixing device according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the light-transmitting elastic layer is 6 mm or less. 4. The fixing device according to claim 1, wherein the transmittance of the heat ray of the light-transmitting elastic layer is 50% or more.