JP2001003910A - Nail, and joining structure and joining method using the nail - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a nail capable of certainly being driven into a wood material and enhancing a work efficiency and a joining structure and a joining method using this nail. SOLUTION: The nail 10 comprises an end sharp portion 12 formed on a lower end portion, a head portion 13 formed on an upper end portion and a shaft portion 14 formed between the end sharp portion 12 and the head portion 13. Convex and concave portions are formed by providing a plurality of annular projections 15, 15... along a circumferential direction on a surface of a lower portion of the above shaft portion 14 such that a drawing resistance is enhanced. An upper surface than a portion in which the convex and concave portions of the above shaft portion 14 are formed is almost smoothly formed. A joining structure and a joining method using the nail 10 are provided.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to a nail for joining wood or the like, a joining structure using the nail, and a joining method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, in a wooden prefabricated house or the like, means for constructing a wall, a floor, a roof or the like with a wooden panel made of plywood or the like is implemented. As such a wooden panel, for example, there is one having a structure shown in FIG. The wooden panel P shown in FIG. 8 has a frame 6 formed by arranging vertical and horizontal supporting members 4 and 5 inside a frame 3 assembled in a rectangular frame shape by vertical and horizontal frame members 1 and 2, and further, these supporting members 4,5
A heat insulating material (not shown) such as glass wool is filled in the interior surrounded by the frame materials 1 and 2, and a face material 7 made of plywood is provided on both front and back surfaces or one surface (both surfaces in the figure) of the framework 6. 7 is attached.

[0003] When assembling the frame 6 of the wooden panel P as described above, nails are sometimes used for joining the frame members 1 and 2 and the joining members 4 and 5. For example, the wood panel P in FIG.
Then, the nails K are driven in from the side of the frame material 1, so that the frame materials 1, 2
Are joined. Conventionally, as a nail used for assembling the framework of such a wooden panel, for example, a spiral ridge is formed in many portions of a shaft portion as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-331820. There are screw nails. In addition, a nail having an annular ridge formed along a circumferential direction in a large part of the shaft is also used.

[0004]

However, nails having projections formed on most of the outer peripheral surface of the shaft portion and having irregularities on the surface as described above are used, for example, by an automatic nailing machine. When it was driven into wood for production, the entire nail was not driven in and the head was sometimes slightly raised from the wood forming the framework. That is, the unevenness on the nail surface is formed to increase the pull-out resistance of the nail. However, even when the nail is driven, the unevenness becomes a resistance, thus causing such a problem.

Further, when the head of the nail is floating from the framework as described above, when cutting around the wooden panel with a cutting device in order to adjust the size, the cutting blade always cuts the wood together with the nail. Become. When the cutting blade cuts the nail, the cutting blade is damaged, the life is shortened, and it is necessary to frequently replace the cutting blade. As a result, there is a problem that the working efficiency is reduced. In particular, when the nail is made of general iron, the steel cutting blade must be frequently replaced.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and provides a nail that can be reliably driven into wood and improves the working efficiency, and a joining structure and a joining method using the nail. The purpose is to do.

[0007]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, for example, as shown in FIG. 1, a sharpened portion 12 formed at a lower end portion and a head portion 13 formed at an upper end portion are provided. When,
In the nail 10 composed of the sharp portion 12 and the shaft portion 14 between the head portion 13, irregularities are formed on the lower surface of the shaft portion 14 to increase the pull-out resistance.
The surface above the portion where the irregularities are formed is substantially smooth.

According to the above configuration, the lower surface of the shaft portion 14 of the nail 10 is formed with irregularities, and the surface above the portion where the irregularities are formed is formed substantially smooth. The nail 10 can be driven almost completely to the head 13. Therefore, the head of the nail hardly floats when driven into wood or the like, and the cutting blade cuts the nail even when cutting the wood or the like with a cutting device after driving the nail. It is possible to reduce the number of times the cutting blade is maintained, and reduce the number of times of maintenance of the cutting blade, thereby making it possible to speed up the operation. The pull-out resistance of the nail is almost the same between the case where the unevenness is provided on almost the entire surface of the shaft of the nail and the case where the unevenness is provided only on the lower part of the shaft. Similar pull-out resistance can be ensured.

[0009] Here, the unevenness of the lower surface of the shaft portion is obtained by processing the sharp portion of the nail into a tapered shape such as a cone or a pyramid.
They can be formed together by pressing.

The nail according to the second aspect of the present invention is the nail according to the first aspect, as shown in FIG. 1, in which annular projections 15, 15... Are provided to form unevenness.

According to the above configuration, even if the nail after being driven into wood or the like is rotated for some reason, the nail does not move back and forth like a screw nail having thread groove-shaped unevenness. Therefore, the nail 10 does not move in the direction in which the nail 10 comes out. Further, as compared with the screw groove structure of the screw nail, the annular ridges 15, 15,... Are more easily formed by press working.

A nail according to a third aspect of the present invention is the nail according to the first or second aspect, wherein the nail is made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy.

As described above, if the material is aluminum or an aluminum alloy, it is generally softer than a steel cutting blade. Therefore, when cutting wood or the like after driving a nail, the cutting blade cuts the nail. Even if it does, the degree of damage can be reduced, the number of times of replacing the cutting blade can be reduced, and the cutting operation can be speeded up.

In the joint structure according to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the members to be joined (frame members 1 and 2) which are in contact with each other are joined by the nail 10 according to any one of the first to third aspects. In the joining structure shown, the nail 10 is inserted from one member to be joined (frame member 1) to the other member to be joined (frame member 2), and has unevenness at the lower portion of the shaft portion 14. The portion is located inside the other member to be joined (frame member 2).

According to the joining structure, the surface of the shaft portion 14 of the nail 10 that has passed through one member to be joined (frame member 1) and reached the other member to be joined (frame member 2) is formed with irregularities. Since the part which is present is in the other member to be joined (the frame member 2), the nail 10 is pulled out of the other member to be joined (the frame member 2) even if unevenness is provided only at the lower portion of the shaft portion 14 of the nail 10. The resistance is
The two members to be joined (frame members 1 and 2) are joined with sufficient strength, just like a nail having unevenness formed on most of the shaft.

A joining method according to a fifth aspect of the present invention is a joining method using the nail 10 according to any one of the first to third aspects, as shown in FIG. By pressing the nail 10 from one member to be joined (frame member 1) out of the two members to be joined (frame member 1) toward the other member to be joined (frame member 2) without giving an impact. It is characterized in that members to be joined (frame members 1 and 2) are joined to each other.

According to the above configuration, the nail is not driven into the hammer with an impact force so as to be instantaneously hit with a hammer. For example, the nail is press-fitted using an air cylinder 91 as shown in FIG. Since the nail 10 having a small resistance at the time of driving described in the items 1 to 3 is used, it is possible to sufficiently drive the nail 10 to the head of the nail 10 against the member to be joined. Therefore,
To reduce the number of times the cutting blade cuts nails when cutting wood, etc. after driving nails, since the head of nails hardly floats when driven into wood etc. The number of maintenance of the cutting blade is reduced,
The cutting work can be speeded up.

[0018]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a nail 10 as an example of the present invention. As shown in FIG.
Reference numeral 0 denotes a sharpened portion 12 at a lower end portion formed to be thin and sharp toward the front end, a head portion 13 formed at an upper end portion, and a shaft portion 14 therebetween. On the lower surface of the shaft portion 14, a plurality of annular ridges 15, 15, 15, ... which are provided along the circumferential direction are provided, whereby irregularities are formed on the lower surface. The surface of the shaft 14 above the portion where the protrusions 15, 15... Are provided is formed substantially smooth. The nail 10 is made of aluminum and manufactured by press working. The nail 10 is suitably used for joining woods, for example, using a hammer or a nailing machine.

The nail 10 was subjected to a pull-out test. FIG. 2 shows a fixing device 17 for fixing the test piece. The fixing device 17 includes a clamp jig 18 and a tension jig 19. The upper end of the tensile jig 19 is connected to a tensile tester (not shown), and the tensile jig 19 is pulled upward by a predetermined load by the tensile tester. The test is performed as follows. First, the wood W is sandwiched and fixed in the clamp jig 18, and the nail 10 is driven into the wood W with a hammer or the like. The head 13 of the nail 10 is engaged with a pulling jig 19, and in this state, the pulling jig 19 is pulled upward by the tensile tester, and the nail 1
The maximum load when 0 fell out of the wood W was determined. The same test was performed on the six nails 10, and the average value and the standard deviation were obtained. Further, as a comparative example, a nail 100 which is completely the same as the nail 10 except that an annular ridge is provided along the circumferential direction on substantially the entire shaft portion like a conventionally used nail (FIG. 3).
A similar test was performed for The test results are shown in FIG.

FIG. 4 shows that the maximum load shown in the tensile test of the nail 10 of the present invention and the nail 100 of the comparative example hardly changed, and that the pull-out resistances of the two were almost the same.

According to the nail 10 described above, the shaft 14 of the nail 10
The projections and depressions 15 are formed on the lower surface of the slab, and the upper part of the projections is formed almost smoothly above the part where the undulations are formed. The part 13 can be driven almost completely.
Therefore, when driven into wood or the like, the head 13 of the nail 10
Is almost no longer in a floating state, and when cutting wood or the like after driving the nail 10, the number of times the cutting blade cuts the nail can be reduced, and the number of maintenance of the cutting blade decreases. In addition, the speed of the cutting operation can be increased. As can be seen from the table of FIG.
The pull-out resistance of 0 has almost no difference as compared with the nail 100 having unevenness on almost the entire surface of the shaft portion, and even in the case of the nail 10 having unevenness only on the lower surface of the shaft portion 14, A sufficient pull-out resistance can be secured.

Next, the joining method and joining structure of the present invention using the nail 10 will be described. FIG. 5 is a side sectional view showing a nailing machine 90 used in the joining method of the present invention.

The nailing machine 90 is mounted and fixed on a movable plate 102 mounted on a base 101, and is driven in the nailing direction by an air cylinder 91 and the air cylinder 91. It has a press-fit portion 92 for press-fitting a nail into a frame material without giving an impact. In FIG. 5,
The right direction is the nailing direction.

The air cylinder 91 is fixed to the upper surface of the movable plate 102, and drives the press-fit portion 92 in the nailing direction. The press-fit portion 92 includes a piston rod 95, a rod connecting member 97, push rods 96, 96, and a nailing tip 93. The piston rod 95 is reciprocated in the left-right direction in FIG. 5 by the air cylinder 91, and moves forward in the nailing direction at a substantially constant speed. The distal end of the piston rod 95 is fitted into the rod connecting member 97.

The rod connecting member 97 is a member in which a piston rod 95 is inserted into a rear end thereof, and push rods 96, 96 are attached to a front end thereof. A slide member 97a slidably fitted to a guide rail 98 provided between the air cylinder 91 and the nailing tip 93 is provided below the rod connecting member 97,
The rod connecting member 97 is configured such that the slide member 97a moves along the guide rail 98 as the piston rod 95 moves. Extruded rods 96, 96
Are moved right and left by the movement of the rod connecting member 97, and their tips 96 b, 96 b are connected to the outlet 9 of the nailing tip 93.
3c, 93c are inserted at the rear. Nail driving tip 9
Reference numeral 3 denotes a nail input hole 93a to which the nail is supplied, and outlets 93c, 93c for discharging the nail, and tips 96b, 96b of push rods 96, 96 inserted from the rear of the outlets 93c, 93c. The outlet 9 by pressing the nail
Two nails are pushed out from the front part of 3c and 93c.

On the lower surface of the movable plate 102, two rails 170, 170 formed on the base 101 so as to extend in the nailing direction are fitted, and slide along the rails 170, 170. The sliding members 171 and 171 that move,
Slits 17 formed between the rails 170 of the book
The upper end of the moving piece 173 that is fitted inside and moves is joined. The slide members 171 provided on the lower surface of the moving plate 102 are attached to the four corners of the lower surface of the moving plate 102, and slide two by two along the same rail 170.

The moving piece 173 is fixed to a distal end 175a of a piston rod 175 driven by an air cylinder 174 disposed below the base 101, and the slit 173 is moved with the movement of the piston rod 175.
Move along 2. As the moving piece 173 moves,
The nailing machine 90 on the moving plate 102 moves together with the moving plate 102.

The procedure for joining the frame member 1 and the frame member 2 of the wooden panel P shown in FIG. 8 as the members to be joined via the nail 10 of the present invention by the nailing machine 90 will be described with reference to FIG. Will be explained. FIG. 6 is a schematic side sectional view of a nailing machine when a nail is pressed into a frame material, (a) is a diagram showing a state in which a tip portion of the nailing machine is in contact with the frame material, and (b). FIG. 4 is a view showing a state before the nail is pressed in, and FIG. 4C is a view showing a state in which the nail is pressed.

First, the temporarily assembled frame 6 is fixed to a predetermined position on the right side of the press-fit portion 92. The nails 10, 10 of the present invention are already set in the nailing tip 92. Next, the moving plate 102 is driven rightward in FIG. 6 by the air cylinder 174 via the operation piece 173, and the nailing tip 93 is brought into contact with the side end surface of the frame 1 (FIG. 6A). ). Then, as shown in FIG. 6B, when the piston rod 95 is driven in the nailing direction at a constant speed by the air cylinder 91, the rod connecting member 97 and the pushing rods 96, 96 are moved along the guide rail 98.
Is moved, and the tip portions 96b, 96 of the pushing rod 96 are moved.
b respectively presses the nails 10, 10 in the nailing tip 93 in the nailing direction.

Two nails 10, 10 pressed by the pushing rods 96, 96 are pushed out from the tip of the nailing tip 93 and are pressed into the frame 1 at a constant speed. Nail 10
Is pushed from the frame material 1 toward the frame material 2. Thus, as shown in FIG. 6C, the frame members 1 and 2 are joined by the nails 10 and 10. Here the piston rod 9
The tip position of the push rods 96, 96 when the 5 is advanced is adjusted to a fixed position with respect to the frame member 1, so that the nails 10, 10 are fixed at a constant depth with respect to the side end surface of the frame member 1. It is supposed to be pushed. For example, frame material 1
Is set so that the length between the upper surface of the head 3 of the nail 10 and the side end surface of the frame 1 is 5 mm.

According to the above-described joining method of the present invention, instead of hitting a nail with a hammer instantaneously with an impact force, the nail is pressed at a constant speed using an air cylinder 91, and Since the nail 10 having a small resistance at the time of driving, which has unevenness only at the lower portion of the shaft portion 14, is used, the nail 10 can be sufficiently driven into the frame material 1 up to the head 13. Therefore, the head 13 of the nail 10 hardly floats, and even when the wooden panel P is cut by the cutting device after the nail 10 is driven, the cutting blade is not used.
Can be reduced, the number of maintenance of the cutting blade can be reduced, and the cutting operation can be speeded up.

Further, the frame members 1 and 2 are joined by the above joining method in the state of the joining structure of the present invention shown in FIG. FIG.
Is a joint structure in which the frame members 1 and 2 that are in contact with each other are joined by the nail 10, in a state where the nail 10 is inserted from the frame member 1 to the frame member 2, and The part having the lower unevenness is located in the frame material 2.

According to the above-described joint structure, the portion of the nail 10 that has passed through the frame member 1 and reached the frame member 2 where the irregularities on the surface of the shaft portion 14 are formed is within the frame member 2. Even if the unevenness is provided only at the lower portion of the shaft portion 14, the pull-out resistance of the nail 10 with respect to the frame member 2 is completely the same as that of the nail having the unevenness formed on most of the shaft portion. Are joined with sufficient strength.

The ratio of the length of the nail 10 at which the annular ridge is formed to the shaft portion in the above embodiment is merely an example, and may vary depending on the thickness of the wood to be joined and the diameter of the nail. It may be changed as appropriate. In the above embodiment,
Although the joining structure of the present invention is obtained from the joining method of the present invention, the joining structure of the present invention is not obtained only by the joining method of the present invention. Further, the members to be joined are not limited to the frame material 1 and the frame material 2, but various wooden building materials for houses and the like can be applied.

[0035]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, irregularities are formed on the lower surface of the shaft of the nail, and the surface above the portion where the irregularities are formed is formed substantially smooth.
Resistance when driving into wood or the like is reduced, and the nail can be driven almost completely to the head. Therefore, the head of the nail hardly floats when driven into wood or the like, and the cutting blade cuts the nail even when cutting the wood or the like with a cutting device after driving the nail. It is possible to reduce the number of times the cutting blade is maintained, and reduce the number of times of maintenance of the cutting blade, thereby making it possible to speed up the operation. The pull-out resistance of the nail is almost the same between the case where the unevenness is provided on almost the entire surface of the shaft of the nail and the case where the unevenness is provided only on the lower part of the shaft. Similar pull-out resistance can be ensured.

According to the invention described in claim 2, according to claim 1
In addition to the effects of the invention described in the above, even if the nail after being driven into wood or the like rotates for some reason, the nail moves forward and backward like a screw nail with thread groove-shaped irregularities formed There is no movement in the direction that the nail pulls out.
Further, as compared with the screw groove structure of the screw nail, the annular ridge is easier to form by press working.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, since the material is aluminum or aluminum alloy and is softer than a steel cutting blade, the cutting blade cuts the nail when cutting wood or the like after nailing. Even if it is damaged, the degree of damage can be reduced, the number of times of replacing the cutting blade can be reduced, and the cutting operation can be speeded up.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the portion of the nail having the irregularities formed on the surface of the shaft portion of the nail that has passed through one member to be joined and has reached the other member to be joined is the other member to be joined. Therefore, even if irregularities are provided only at the lower part of the shaft of the nail, the pull-out resistance of the nail to the other member to be joined is not different from that of the nail having the irregularities formed at most of the shaft. The two members to be joined are joined with sufficient strength.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, instead of driving the nail with an impact force such that the nail is instantaneously hit with a hammer, the nail is press-fitted by using, for example, an air cylinder and the like. Since the nail having a small resistance at the time of driving described in the items 3 to 3 is used, the nail can be sufficiently driven into the joined member up to the head of the nail. Therefore, the head of the nail hardly floats when driven into wood or the like, and the number of times the cutting blade cuts the nail when cutting wood or the like after driving the nail is reduced. The number of times of maintenance of the cutting blade can be reduced, and the cutting operation can be speeded up.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view showing an example of a nail of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a state of a pull-out test of the nail of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a side view showing a nail of a comparative example used in a pull-out test.

FIG. 4 is a table showing the results of a pull-out test.

FIG. 5 is a side sectional view showing a nailing machine used in the joining method of the present invention.

6 is a schematic side sectional view when a nail is pressed into a frame material by the nailing machine of FIG. 5, and FIG. 6 (a) is a diagram showing a state in which a tip portion of the nailing machine is in contact with the frame material. (B) is a diagram showing a state before the nail is pressed in, and (c) is a diagram showing a state in which the nail is pressed.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a joint structure of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing a general wooden panel with a part thereof being cut away.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Frame material (member to be joined) 2 Frame material (member to be joined) 10 Nail 12 Sharp part 13 Head 14 Shaft 15 Protrusion 90 Nailing machine

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A nail comprising a sharp part formed at a lower end part, a head part formed at an upper end part, and a shaft part between the sharp part and the head, wherein a lower surface of the shaft part is provided. A nail, wherein irregularities for increasing pull-out resistance are formed, and a surface of the shaft portion above a portion where the irregularities are formed is formed substantially smooth. 2. The nail according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of annular ridges are provided along a circumferential direction on a surface of a lower portion of the shaft portion to form irregularities. 3. The nail according to claim 1, wherein said nail is made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy. 4. A member to be joined which is in contact with each other.
3. A joining structure joined by the nail according to any one of the items 3, wherein the nail is inserted from one member to be joined to the other member to be joined, and a portion having unevenness at a lower portion of the shaft portion is provided. A joining structure, wherein the joining structure is provided in the other member to be joined. 5. A joining method using a nail according to claim 1, wherein one of the two members to be joined to each other is connected to the other member. A joining method, wherein members to be joined are joined by press-fitting the nails without giving an impact.