JP2001048291A - Airtight maintenance structure of fumigation room and its construction method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To constitute an airtight retaining layer excellent in airtightness and enable an easy and efficient spraying work by forming an airtight retaining layer in the indoor side of a backing wall constituting a fumigating chamber and using an extra- rapidly curable urethane elastic body for spraying as the airtight layer. SOLUTION: In a steel framed structure, not a direct connection of a backing wall 1 and an airtight retaining layer 2, but spray foaming is partly applied by spraying an in-situ foaming urethane raw material on a position having a large cavity such as a gap S1 between a deck plate 16 of a ceiling face and a bracing structural steel frame 15, a gap S2 between the bracing structural steel frame 15 and the backing wall 1, and corners between vertical corner parts of vertical members, PC boards, ALC boards, etc., and a floor face, etc., to form a filling material layer 20. Further, an extra-rapidly curable urethane elastic body raw material is sprayed from thereabove to form the airtight retaining layer 2. In this time, it is also applicable that the in-situ foaming urethane raw material is sprayed on the flat surface as well, and subsequently, the extra-rapidly curable urethane elastic body raw material is sprayed to form the airtight retaining layer 2.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an airtight structure for a fumigation room for airtightly maintaining a gas for quarantine used for plant quarantine based on import phytosanitary regulations for a certain period of time, and a construction method thereof. .

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art The inspection standards for fumigation rooms according to the above-mentioned imported plant quarantine regulations are as follows. Rank Gas holding rate Main processed gas Used gas A grade 70 (%) or more Vegetable fruits Green acid B grade 55 (%) or more Cereal Methyl bromide C grade 40 (%) or more Cereal Methyl bromide

[0003] The gas holding rate is defined as 1 to the capacity of the fumigation chamber.
Dosing 10 (g) methyl bromide per cubic rice, refers to residual concentration after 48 hours. At this time, the gas pressure applied to the building constituting the fumigation chamber is 40 (mm) water column (0.004 (kg).
f / cm ² )). According to the above imported plant quarantine regulations, the fumigation test is performed after the completion of various facilities, but if a defect is found in the airtight layer at this point, the interior materials, mechanical equipment etc. are already installed, Unless they are removed, the airtight layer cannot be reworked, so it is practically impossible to rework after the construction is completed. Therefore, in reality, after the airtightness preservation layer is completed before the installation of the interior material and the mechanical equipment, a leak test of the airtightness preservation layer is performed by applying the air pressure of the water column 200 (mm), and the detected defective portion is corrected. Like that. The structure also has a structure that can withstand the pressure.

[0004] As a structure for maintaining the airtightness of this type of fumigation chamber,
When classified by the material for forming the airtight layer, conventionally, (1) the airtight layer is formed by so-called FRP lining in which a polyester resin reinforced with glass cloth is laminated. (2) An airtight holding layer formed by applying a urethane caulking material to a location where air leakage is likely to occur and spraying urethane foam on site. (3) A rubber asphalt emulsion film in which an airtight holding layer is formed. The above-mentioned (1) to (3) are known, and the construction method is completely different depending on the material used.

That is, as shown in the above (1), FR
According to the method of forming an airtight layer by performing P lining and forming a heat insulating material layer thereon, as shown in FIGS. 10A and 10B, the following (1-1) to (1-2) Is configured as described in. (1-1) After the inside of the fumigation chamber has dried, the bean-plate-like portion, the severely stepped portion, the smooth portion, etc. of the concrete surface are repaired with mortar or the like. In this case, the base of the bolt projection 18 is sealed with a urethane caulking material (indicated by reference numeral 20 in FIG. 10B). (1-2) Next, an organic solvent-based primer is applied to the entire surface, and after drying, the polyester resin 22, the glass fiber 23, the polyester resin 22, the glass fiber 23, and the polyester resin 22 are sequentially laminated. The iron through-holes 19 (FIG. 10B) such as the door frame, the pipe through-hole, and the air supply / exhaust port are preliminarily laminated with glass fibers indicated by reference numeral 24 at a predetermined width by the same operation as above. Since the above-described lamination is performed, double lamination is performed partially. The rubber base 25 is fastened by a nut 19 to the bolt base.

Further, as shown in the above (2), in the method of forming an airtight holding layer by applying a urethane-based caulking material to a place where air leakage is likely to occur and spraying a urethane foam raw material on site, As shown in FIG.
It is configured as described in 1) to (2-2). (2-1) As shown in FIG. 11, when the building is a steel frame structure, a welded portion with an iron door frame, around a supply / exhaust hole, a pipe penetration portion,
At a place where there is a clear risk of air leakage, such as a projection made of an iron support metal, a void portion is sealed by applying a urethane caulking material. (2-2) Connection between base walls 1 composed of a precast concrete board (PC board) or an aerated concrete board (ALC board), a large gap S1 between deck plate 16 and steel beam 17, PC board , An air gap S2 between the ALC plate and the steel frame, and other general flat portions are formed only by a sprayed layer of urethane foam raw material in-situ to form the airtight holding layer 2 and also serve as the heat insulating material layer 3.

Further, as shown in the above (3), in the method for forming an airtight holding layer with a rubber asphalt emulsion film, as shown in FIGS. 9 (a) and 9 (b), the following (3-1)
To (3-4). (3-1) Regarding the ceiling surface and the vertical wall surface, a water-soluble primer is applied to the construction surface, and after drying, the rubber asphalt emulsion 27 is applied to the corners and the joints with the through-hole hardware 19 such as the door frame. Prior to spraying, a rubber asphalt emulsion coating material 26 is applied using a trowel or a spatula (FIG. 9 (b)). A bolt 18 attached to hold various equipment, pipes, and the like is coated with a urethane-based caulking material on a base portion, and a rubber asphalt emulsion coating material 26 is coated thereon. (3-2) This part is appropriately reinforced with a polyester cloth or the like. A rubber asphalt emulsion 27 is sprayed over the entire surface to form an airtight layer 2. (3-3) Furthermore, a structure was formed in which a seamless in-situ urethane foam material was sprayed onto the upper portion of the airtightness maintaining layer 2 to form the heat insulating material layer 3 and at the same time, an airtight effect was also expected. (3-4) Regarding the floor surface 10, after reinforcing the entering corners, an aqueous primer is applied, a rubber asphalt emulsion coating material 27 is applied to form an airtight layer, and the floor heat insulating material layer 29 and the floor The structure in which the holding concrete 14 was cast was configured.

[0008]

As described in the above (1), in the prior art for forming the hermetic holding layer constructed by using FRP, the strength is strong and the hermetic effect is not improved in the above-mentioned field. Although a good airtight layer can be obtained as compared with the case of using a urethane foam-based or rubber asphalt emulsion-based one, the following (1-a) to (1)
-There is a problem described in d). (1-a) The application work of FRP is a so-called hand lay-up method, and requires a great deal of trouble and time. In particular, when constructing a ceiling surface that is unsuitable for artificial work, there are many difficult works in an unreasonable position, which requires a great deal of work and time. (1-b) Since the roll-shaped glass fiber is extended on a plane and attached, it is necessary to make the work scaffold relatively large with a relatively large area so that this work can be performed efficiently. A great deal of work is also required to disassemble the scaffold. (1-c) All processes are operations using an organic solvent,
In addition, since the work is often performed in a space with relatively poor ventilation, the odor of the organic solvent is easily trapped, and there is a concern that the odor may be adversely affected on the human body. Therefore, large-scale ventilation equipment is required. (1-d) The construction cost is higher than the airtight urethane foam-based airtight holding layer and the rubber asphalt emulsion airtight holding layer.

As described in the above (2), the connection portion and the like are formed airtight only by a urethane-based caulking material, and the flat portion and the like are formed airtight by a seamlessly formed integrally formed in-situ foamed urethane layer. Since the in-situ foamed urethane layer also serves as the airtightness-maintaining layer and the heat-insulating material layer, it is useful in that the number of steps and the construction period can be reduced as compared with the above-mentioned method (1), and the construction can be performed at a relatively low cost. However, the following (2)
-There are problems described in (a) to (2-c). (2-a) The structure of the building to which this method is applied is
As shown in Fig. 11, it is composed of several types of materials with different expansion coefficients and has more connections than a reinforced concrete building. Under the influence of the pressure, the connection portion is easily moved, and an unreasonable stress acts on a member (urethane foam sprayed urethane) constituting the airtight layer, which may cause a crack. (2-b) Compared to a reinforced concrete building, the rigidity against shaking such as an earthquake is low, and when there is a vibration, movement occurs between the connection parts. As a result, the strength of the urethane foam as the airtight layer is weak. Together with this, there is a possibility that cracks may be generated in the airtight layer. (2-c) The connection part is extensive, and the mortar or urethane caulking material is actually applied to the gap part that is not suitable for the airtight structure, such as the connection part of the ceiling deck plate and the cut-in connection part of the ALC board. Since the work is performed at a high place, it is often difficult. (2-d) It is not impossible to repair and smooth the above voids carefully with mortar or the like and apply a rubber asphalt emulsion-based airtight layer or FRP-based airtight layer on one surface, but it is not impossible, but the quantity is large and complicated. At present, it is applied only to simple B-class and C-class rooms because it takes a lot of labor and time to finish the connection portion having a complicated shape and the reliability after finishing is low.

Further, when the airtight holding layer is constructed by using a rubber asphalt emulsion-based material as in the prior art described in the above (3), compared with the case where the airtight holding layer is formed by using the above-described FRP lining, Therefore, it is possible to greatly reduce the number of steps and the construction period required for forming the airtight layer, and to improve the reliability of the airtight layer as compared with the case where the airtight layer is formed using urethane foam material in the field. Is useful in that an airtight layer having a high airtightness can be formed, but has the following problems.

First, a basic technique for forming an airtight layer using a rubber asphalt emulsion will be described. (3-a) The rubber asphalt emulsion basically has a solid content of about 80 (%) and contains water of about 20 (%). Since the water evaporates and the emulsions polymerize to form a film having elasticity, the behavior of the water of about 20% plays an important role in forming the airtight layer. . In other words, if the thickness of the coated surface is in the order of microns, as in the case of a water-based paint, it is sufficient to simply apply the coating and allow the surface to dry naturally. mm). It is possible to apply it thickly as long as it is applied to a horizontal floor, etc., but the ceiling surface, vertical wall surface, etc. will cause "drip" of rubber asphalt emulsion due to its own weight,
Physical application beyond a certain thickness is not possible, and it is not practical from the point of view of man-hours and work period, although it is theoretically possible to apply it in a thin film multiple times. (3-b) Here, a case where the vertical wall surface and the ceiling surface are constructed using the rubber asphalt emulsion will be described as follows. As shown in FIG. 7, one of the spray heads sprays a rubber asphalt emulsion, and the other sprays a polyvalent metal salt solution, for example, an aqueous solution of calcium chloride. Then, it is contact-mixed in the air and on the target surface, and the stabilizer in the emulsion system is almost instantaneously destroyed,
Gelation increases the viscosity of the system, and a thick film can be spray-formed. The mechanism leading to the film formation is schematically shown in FIG. Describing this film formation, FIG. 8A shows a rubber asphalt emulsion,
This shows a state immediately before the polyvalent metal salt solution as a curing agent is ejected and collided, and then collided in FIG. (B) and mixed with each other in FIG. In FIG. 5D, the coagulation after the mixing starts, and as shown in FIG. 5E, the coagulation progresses, and then, as shown in FIG. In the same figure (g), the mixed particles of the rubber asphalt emulsion and the polyvalent metal salt solution adhere to the base wall,
The figure (h) shows a process in which water is further separated to form a dry film formation. (3-c) The structure of the spraying device used for the wall surface and the ceiling surface and the spray mixing condition are as shown in FIG. The sprayed rubber asphalt emulsion and the polyvalent metal salt solution contact and mix in the air between the spray port and the surface to be sprayed, and go through a process called proper gelling instantaneously. Must be kept properly within a maximum error range of about 10 cm. That is, if the distance is longer than the appropriate distance, the gelation proceeds too much and the viscosity of the system rises more than necessary,
A film with many voids is formed. On the other hand, if the distance is shorter than the appropriate distance, the gel adheres to the target surface without progressing gelation, thereby causing "sagging" due to its own weight. In addition, it is necessary to hold the spray port as perpendicular to the surface to be irradiated as possible. In other words, if not held at a right angle, there will be a difference in the reach of the mixed system to the target surface. If the distance is not accurate, the same problem as in the case where the above error occurs will occur. However, operating the spraying device manually on a scaffold involves considerable difficulty in maintaining it at exactly the same distance and at a right angle for weight, environmental and structural reasons. This is a great disadvantage in terms of work efficiency. (3-d) The film sprayed on the vertical wall surface and the ceiling surface is schematically shown in FIG. 8 described above. The excess water from the rubber asphalt emulsion oozes out relatively well because the vertical wall is tightened by its own weight, but the ceiling surface is not tightened by its own weight. If the chemical system is not adhered, the surplus water does not exude well, and the operation of the spraying device requires extremely high craftsmanship. Further, it is necessary to pay close attention to the environmental conditions after spraying, especially to the drying. In the case of rapid drying, a film is formed on the surface and there is no place where excess water flows out. In order to close excess water seepage holes, a natural dry rubber asphalt emulsion paint is sprayed on the entire surface of the film. If the concrete is not applied after the surface is properly dried, the rubber asphalt film may be eluted by water vapor and dropped on the floor surface. (3-E) Although the spraying device is suitable for spraying a flat surface, it is difficult to uniformly spray the corners, pipes, bases of protrusions such as bolts, etc. due to the structure of the device. Therefore, as shown in FIGS. 9A and 9B, first, a paste-like rubber asphalt emulsion is applied and chamfered to eliminate local voids. Further, the inside corner is coated with a thickness of about 2 to 3 (mm) with a folded width of about 100 (mm) to 300 (mm), and a gauze-like polyester cloth or the like is put into this and further applied. By adding this work, the airtightness preservation layer is formed in the corners in advance, so that the spraying operation of the rubber asphalt emulsion only needs to be performed on the horizontal plane, and the spraying operation from an oblique direction that causes problems is avoided. Is done. However, it is easily understood from the above-mentioned complicated work that a great deal of labor and drying time are required due to the addition of this work. (3-f) The solvent of the primer previously used on the sprayed film forming surface of the rubber asphalt emulsion is water, and the main composition is latex rubber, which forms an extremely thin rubber film on the concrete surface. Become. Considering the adhesion between the rubber asphalt emulsion forming film and the concrete surface, the adhesion between the primer and the forming film is not a problem due to the secondary bond acting between close molecules of the same material. The problem is the adhesion between the concrete surface and the primer. Although the concrete surface is not generally discussed depending on the drying conditions at the site, it is considered that there are many parts that are mechanically hooked to the uneven surface of the concrete. Generally adhesive (primer)
In order to bring these molecules sufficiently close to the adherend, it is necessary to well "wet" the surface of the adherend in a liquid state. It is said that the quality of the “wettability” is better when the surface tension of the solvent is smaller. The surface tension of various solvents is 72 (dyne
/ Cm ² ), various organic solvents are 20-30 (dyne / cm ² ),
Water is about three times that of organic solvents and has poor "wettability". The rubber asphalt emulsion sprayed in the form of a gel has poor fluidity and easily forms voids. Therefore, the measures described in item (e) are taken. Also, irregularities on the concrete surface, for example,
Splices, separator marks, cracks, bean plate-shaped parts, etc. are smoothed evenly with resin mortar, but for empirical reasons, such places are sprayed after applying paste-like coating material It is carried out. Although such measures have been taken to improve the adhesiveness, such places are large in number and require a great deal of man-hours. (3-g) The formation of the rubber asphalt emulsion airtight layer on the horizontal surface (floor surface) is performed by mixing and mixing a hardening agent or the like on site according to the drying condition of the concrete surface at site, as described in (FIG. 8).緩 The method of applying a thick layer of loose gelling type coating material at a time is adopted, but it is difficult to completely remove dust and dust on the floor surface that impairs “wetability”. Since the water content of the floor concrete surface at the time differs depending on the place, there is a difference in the evaporation of surplus water, and there is a concern that the finished state is not uniform.若干 Incorporation of some air bubbles during mixing, stirring and mixing is inevitable.Dryness of the system, increase in viscosity, degree of water absorption to the base, surface film quality, etc. act in combination to cause pinholes and craters. -Shaped parts occur.通 Careful attention is required for ventilation after construction because only the surface dries early and does not form a film. If this is neglected, there is no place for surplus water to escape, and water may swell depending on the degree of water absorption of the ground. There is a problem as described above. As described above, since the on-site environment is uneven in place and changes every moment, it is necessary to use a layer of rubber asphalt emulsion as an airtight layer to perform a uniform finish without pinholes and craters. Has required a very high level of skill.

An object of the present invention is to use a material having an excellent hermetic function, a short curing time, and a good workability as a means for forming an airtight layer, and an airtight structure suitable for forming a fumigation chamber, and It is to obtain the construction method. Another object of the present invention is to make it possible to apply an airtight structure having an excellent airtight function to a steel-framed structure in which it is difficult to form a high airtight layer. Still another object of the present invention is to provide a construction method in which spraying work using an ultra-fast-curing urethane elastic material can be easily performed with a small amount of non-uniformity and a required layer thickness with high accuracy. .

[0013]

The technical means of the present invention taken to achieve the above object are as follows. Claim 1
The configuration of the invention according to the above, in the hermetic sealing structure of the fumigation chamber surrounding the indoor space with the wall surface having the hermetic holding layer, the airtight maintaining layer is formed on the indoor surface side of the base wall constituting the fumigation chamber, and, It is characterized in that a spraying super-rapid curing urethane elastic body is used as the airtight layer. According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the airtight holding structure of the fumigation chamber according to the first aspect, the spraying ultra-fast curing urethane elastic body constituting the airtight holding layer is made of a polyisocyanate component, a polyol component and / or a polyamine component. It is characterized in that it is composed of a two-component type ultra-fast curing urethane elastic material comprising a selected curing agent component. The structure of the invention according to claim 3 is characterized in that, in the airtightness maintaining structure of the fumigation chamber according to claim 1 or 2, a heat insulating material layer is formed on the indoor surface side of the airtightness maintaining layer. The configuration of the invention according to claim 4 is:
4. The airtight holding structure of a fumigation chamber according to claim 1, wherein a filler layer made of a material capable of elastic deformation in a direction along the wall is formed between the airtight holding layer and the base wall. There is a feature in the point.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for constructing an airtight holding structure for a fumigation chamber, comprising: a step of applying an organic solvent-based primer after confirming that a base wall for forming the fumigation chamber is dry; Thereafter, a step of forming a hermetic holding layer by spraying and applying an ultrafast curing urethane elastic material is applied. Claim 6
In the construction method of the invention according to the present invention, in the method of applying the airtight holding structure of the fumigation chamber, after confirming the drying of the base wall for forming the fumigation chamber, a primer application step of applying an organic solvent-based primer, and thereafter, a super-fast curing urethane elasticity Airtight holding layer forming step of spraying and applying a body material to form an airtight holding layer,
A heat insulating material layer forming step of adding a heat insulating material to the indoor surface side of the airtight layer. The construction of the invention according to claim 7 is a construction method of an airtight holding structure of a fumigation chamber,
The in-situ urethane foam material is sprayed beforehand on the recessed portion existing portion such as a constricted portion or a deep gap on the inner wall surface for fumigation chamber formation, or on the entire inner wall surface including the flat portion other than the recessed portion existing portion. It is characterized in that it comprises a filler spraying step of forming the filler layer, and an airtight holding layer forming step of spraying and applying an ultra-fast curing urethane elastic material on the upper side of the filler layer to form an airtight holding layer. Claim 8
In the construction of the invention according to any one of claims 5 to 7, the airtight holding layer forming step in the method for constructing the airtight holding structure of the fumigation chamber according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the superfast curing urethane elasticity is colored in a plurality of different colors. It is characterized in that the body material is sprayed and separately applied to a plurality of layers of different colors. According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, in the method for constructing an airtight holding structure of a fumigation chamber according to any one of the fifth, sixth, and eighth aspects, an organic solvent-based material is applied to a floor wall constituting a floor surface of the fumigation chamber. A primer coating step of applying a primer, and thereafter, an airtight holding layer forming step of spraying and applying an ultra-fast curing urethane elastic material to form an airtight holding layer, and attaching an adhesive sheet with an aluminum foil to the upper side of the airtight holding layer. And a floor surface moisture-proofing step of spraying an ultra-fast-curing urethane elastic material on the upper side of the periphery of the pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet with aluminum foil so as to be integral with the airtight layer at the periphery of the pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet with aluminum foil. There is a feature.

[Operation] The operation of the above technical means is as follows. (1) As described in claim 1, an airtight maintenance layer is formed on the indoor surface side of the base wall constituting the fumigation chamber or inside the wall thickness having the airtight maintenance layer, and the airtight maintenance layer is used for spraying. Since the ultra-fast curing urethane elastic body is used, it is possible to form an airtight holding layer having excellent airtightness as compared with a case where the airtight holding layer is formed of a foamed in-situ urethane layer. Compared to the case of forming an airtight layer by FRP lining, it is possible to ensure the same airtightness as possible, but to use a hand lay-up that requires a great deal of labor and time in an unreasonable work posture. Rather, it is possible to perform construction by spraying work in a short time, so that the workability can be greatly improved. Further, as compared with the case of the rubber asphalt emulsion layer, the work of processing the corners before spraying the airtight holding layer can be performed by spraying, so that the workability is improved at this point. In addition, compared to an airtight layer using a rubber asphalt emulsion, there is no process of evaporating excess water, and strict environmental management from spraying to dry film formation is not required. Therefore, it is possible to avoid poor finish of the airtight layer due to poor evaporation conditions, and it is also possible to omit waiting time for dry film formation or the like, which requires two to three days after the application. Therefore, as compared with the case where the airtight holding layer is formed of a layer of the rubber asphalt emulsion, the airtight holding structure having the high-performance airtight holding layer can be configured while greatly reducing the number of steps and the work period.

(2) As described in claim 2, the material constituting the airtight layer is a two-component ultra-fast curing urethane comprising a polyisocyanate component and a curing agent component selected from a polyol component and / or a polyamine component. Since it is an ultra-fast-curing urethane elastic material for spraying composed of an elastic material, it is possible to shorten the touchable time after the completion of the reaction and the curing time, and to omit the actual drying wait time. .

(3) Since the heat-insulating material layer is formed on the indoor surface side of the airtight holding layer as described in claim 3, the fumigation chamber is also used as a refrigerator in addition to the function (1). it can.

(4) Since the filler layer made of a material capable of being elastically deformed in the direction along the wall is formed between the airtightness holding layer and the base wall as described in claim 4, The filler layer is formed as a base for the ultra-fast curing urethane elastic body. By this, for example, when the connection part of the building that constitutes the fumigation chamber is affected by physical vibration due to cargo handling etc. of the adjacent part, the influence of air pressure inspection, the influence of solar radiation, or the influence of earthquake, the joint part of the building Although there is a tendency for some movement to occur, it is mitigated by the cushioning properties of the filler, so that it is possible to avoid applying a large local load to the airtight layer and to maintain the airtight performance in a stable state. This makes it possible to form a suitable airtight layer for a steel structure. In other words, steel structures
In the past, due to complicated structural reasons, the necessary foundation repair could not be performed sufficiently, and a fumigation chamber with low airtightness was built by taking simple measures to substitute urethane foam in place as an airtight maintenance layer, In the present invention, it is possible to construct a fumigation chamber with a high degree of airtightness by filling the void portion with urethane foam raw material in-situ in advance and performing repair, and spraying a super-rapid curing urethane elastic material over the entire surface from above. Was

(5) In the invention according to claim 5, as a method of applying the airtight maintaining structure of the fumigation chamber, a primer coating step of applying an organic solvent-based primer after confirming that the base wall for forming the fumigation chamber is dry. Then, an airtight holding layer forming step of spraying and applying an ultra-fast curing urethane elastic material to form an airtight holding layer is provided. It is easy to ensure good adhesion by exhibiting good "wetting". When xylene is used as this organic solvent, for example, it has a surface force of about 1/3 as compared with water, so that it has good permeability and exhibits good "wetting property" to fine portions of concrete surface. Will be. The adhesive main component dissolved in xylene is a one-component polyurethane resin, which is similar to the ultra-fast-curing urethane elastic used as an airtight layer, and has many reactive molecule ends. are doing. It is important for the adhesiveness that the concrete surface is dry. If the concrete surface is dried normally, it has good permeability, a large contact area, good secondary bonding, and a strong adhesive layer is formed. Furthermore, the NCO group at the end of the polyurethane molecule after the xylene evaporates is extremely reactive, and forms a strong chemical bond with the OH group at the end of the ultra-fast-curing urethane elastomer material sprayed thereon. Will be good.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, after the drying of the base wall for forming the fumigation chamber is confirmed, a primer coating step of applying an organic solvent-based primer, and thereafter, a super-rapid urethane elastic material is sprayed and applied. Since the construction method of the airtight holding structure of the fumigation chamber is constituted from the airtight holding layer forming step of forming the airtight holding layer and the heat insulating material layer forming step of adding a heat insulating material to the indoor surface side of the airtight holding layer, the claim In addition to the effect of the fifth embodiment, there is an effect that the fumigation room can be used as a refrigerator.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, the inner wall surface includes a recessed portion such as a constricted portion or a deep gap on the inner wall surface for forming the fumigation chamber, or a flat portion other than the recessed portion. The whole comprises a filler spraying step of spraying in-situ urethane foam material in advance to form a filler layer, and an airtight holding layer forming step of spraying and applying an ultra-fast curing urethane elastic material to form an airtight holding layer thereafter. Since the construction method of the airtight maintaining structure of the fumigation chamber is configured, the filler layer to the recessed portion is formed as the base of the ultra-fast curing urethane elastic body. Therefore, for example, when the connection part of the structure that constitutes the fumigation chamber is affected by physical vibration due to cargo handling etc. of the adjacent part, the influence of the air pressure test, the influence of solar radiation heat, or the influence of the earthquake, the joint part of the structure will be slightly The airtight maintenance structure that can maintain the airtight performance in a stable state can be avoided because it is mitigated by the cushioning property of the filler, so that a large local load is not applied to the airtight layer. The construction method was obtained.

In a preferred embodiment, the step of forming the airtight layer by spraying and coating the ultra-fast curing urethane elastic material is performed in a plurality of different colors in the step of forming the airtight layer. The spraying of the ultra-fast-curing urethane elastic raw material is applied separately to a plurality of layers of different colors, so that the sprayed state can be visually recognized more easily than in the case of spraying a colorless and transparent ultra-fast-curing urethane elastic raw material. Therefore, by spraying the super-fast curing urethane elastic body for spraying is colored,
It is easy to check whether or not the entire surface to be sprayed is evenly sprayed. In addition, since the previously sprayed ultra-fast-curing urethane elastic material and the subsequently sprayed ultra-fast-curing urethane elastic material are colored in different colors, they are later sprayed on the color of the surface to be sprayed earlier. By spraying the super-fast-curing urethane elastic material for spraying so as to be painted over, it is possible to easily form an airtight maintaining layer having a stable layer thickness.

According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, a primer coating step of applying an organic solvent-based primer to a floor surface constituting a floor surface of the fumigation chamber, and thereafter spraying and coating an ultra-fast curing urethane elastic material to form an airtight layer. Forming an airtight holding layer, and adhering an adhesive sheet with an aluminum foil on the upper side of the airtight holding layer, and attaching an aluminum foil so as to be integral with the airtight holding layer at the periphery of the adhesive sheet with the aluminum foil. A floor moisture-proofing step of spraying a super-fast curing urethane elastic material on the upper edge of the adhesive sheet enables formation of an airtight layer on the floor and of course a super-fast curing urethane elastic film. A floor airtight layer can be formed with an adhesive sheet with aluminum foil that was not used because the construction of the joint with the airtight layer could not be processed properly, and an airtight holding structure with excellent moistureproof performance Rukoto can.

[0024]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

[Spraying Gun for Spraying] FIG. 1 shows frequent operations and stoppages suitable for spraying the ultra-fast curing urethane elastic material used for the construction of the airtight layer 2 when forming the airtight structure of the present invention. Injection nozzle 6 of repeatable injection gun
It is a conceptual diagram which shows the cross section of a part. The injection nozzle 6 of the injection gun supplies a first supply path 61 that supplies one of the two liquids, which are solidified after injection and becomes an ultra-fast curing urethane elastic body, and a liquid supply B that is the other liquid. Second supply path 62
A mixing chamber 63 for mixing the liquids from the two supply paths 61 and 62; an ejection port 64 for discharging the mixed liquid; and the two supply paths 61 and 62 and the ejection port 64.
And an operation rod 65 for opening and closing by moving back and forth by compressed air pressure. The state shown in FIG. 1A is equivalent to the first and second supply paths 61 and 62 of the nozzle and the injection port 6.
The operation rod 65 is located at a front position to close the nozzle 4, and the ejection of the ultra-fast-curing urethane elastic material from the injection port 64 is stopped. In the state shown in FIG. An operation rod 65 is located at a retracted position where the supply paths 61 and 62 and the injection port 64 are opened, and the two liquids supplied from the first and second supply paths 61 and 62 are mixed and stirred in the mixing chamber 63 while the injection port is being opened. It is injected at a high pressure from 64.

When the operation button (not shown) is lightly pressed when the injection is required, the operation rod 65 is moved rearward by the driving force of the compressed air pressure, and at the same time, 60 (kg / cm ²⁾ from both the supply passages 61 and 62. ) At the above pressure, two liquids are supplied simultaneously,
In the mixing chamber 63, the mixture is mixed and agitated, and becomes a mist from the injection port 64 so as to be rapidly sprayed onto the target surface. When the operation button is stopped, the operation rod 65 immediately moves forward as soon as the operation button is released, closing both the supply paths 61 and 62 and simultaneously discharging the mixture residue in the mixing chamber 63 through the injection port 64.
It is a mechanism to forcibly discharge from. Mixing room 6
The inner wall 66 of 3 is made of Teflon and does not adhere to the operating rod 65 to make it difficult to move, and it is not necessary to wash it with a solvent every time it is used. The operation of the operation button is light, and it operates correctly even if the operation is stopped very frequently for a very short time. By using this injection gun, the base of protrusions such as bolts scattered over a wide area in the room under construction,
It can be sprayed precisely and little by little to the separator mark, the place where the base was repaired, the entry corner, the joint with the steel part, etc. Further, this apparatus can be used as it is for the spraying operation of the urethane foam raw material on site, and the same worker as the worker forming the airtight layer can also perform the spraying operation of the urethane foam raw material on site. I can do it.

Although not the airtight structure itself, it is possible to use an injection gun that can be frequently operated and stopped as described above even in the base repairing process. In other words, by performing spraying using this spray gun, all parts are applied manually with a trowel or the like, and compared to the conventional base repair work that required a time for drying and hardening, it is possible to visually inspect a local area. It is possible to spray a small amount of ultra-fast-curing urethane elastic material onto the surface, and it is possible to form a repair material in a local place in a few seconds. This makes it possible to reduce the number of man-hours, and is also effective in reducing time loss such as waiting for drying.

[Embodiment of Airtight Holding Structure] An airtight holding structure of a fumigating chamber provided with an airtight holding layer 2 formed by the spraying operation using the above-described spray gun is shown in FIGS. An airtight layer 2 formed on the indoor surface side of a concrete base wall 1 surrounding the space constituting the fumigation chamber, and a heat insulating material layer 3 formed on the indoor surface side of the airtight layer 2 It is configured. Using the injection gun, ultra-fast curing is applied to a place where air leaks easily, such as around the heat insulating bolt 13 for attaching the interior material 5 or around the pipe, which is provided on the wall surface of the fumigating chamber as a target constituting the airtight layer 2. A partial reinforcing portion 21 for partially spraying and applying a urethane elastic material to reinforce the airtight state of a part where air leakage is likely to occur partially
Is configured. The airtight layer 2 is sprayed on the entire fumigation chamber including the partial reinforcing portion 21 with the above-described spray gun using the above-mentioned spray gun to spray the ultra-fast-curing urethane elastic material for spraying onto the base wall 1. A high level fumigation chamber has been constructed. Further, on the indoor surface side of the airtightness maintaining layer 2, an in-situ urethane foam material is sprayed to an appropriate layer thickness to form the heat insulating material layer 3. An interior material 5 composed of a keystone plate or the like is attached to the indoor surface side of the heat insulating material layer 3 via a heat insulating bolt 13 fixed to the vertical wall portion of the base wall 1 so as to face the indoor material side. Have been.

As shown in FIG. 4, the floor 10 side of the fumigation chamber is provided from above the airtight layer 2 as a moisture proof measure.
A moisture-proof material layer 4 made of a polyethylene sheet is laid. A heat insulating material layer 3 is formed by laying a plate-shaped foam heat insulating material board 30 on the upper side of the polyethylene sheet forming the moistureproof material layer 4, and a pressing concrete 14 is cast on the heat insulating material layer 3 above. I have.

[Ultra-fast-curing urethane elastic body] The raw material of the ultra-fast-curing urethane elastic body constituting the airtight holding layer 2 preferably has a density of 0.8 to 1.4 (g / cm ² ) and a hardness of 30 to 30.
100 (JISA), tensile strength; 30-230 (kg
/ cm ² ), elongation: 100 to 900 (%), tear strength: 10 to 100 (kg / cm 2), liquid A comprising a polyisocyanate component, and the other being a polyol or a polyol And B, which are appropriately blended with a polyamine, a curing accelerator, a stabilizer, an antifoaming agent and the like, and the blending ratio is A solution: B solution = 1-99: 1-99.
It is composed of two components (Vol) and contains some fine bubbles inside by entraining air at the time of spraying, but is basically unfoamed. It is desirable that the contact time after the completion of the reaction is as short as 10 to 20 seconds and the curing time is 3 to 5 minutes, so that the drying wait time can be practically omitted. As a preferred specific example, it is preferable to use a quick-drying polyurethane resin (trade name “STELLACOAT” (registered trademark)) manufactured by Dainippon Ink and Chemicals, Inc.

Examples of the polyisocyanate component (corresponding to the above-mentioned liquid A) used in the present invention include organic isocyanate compounds such as 2,4-tolylene diisocyanate (hereinafter abbreviated as TDI), 65 / 35-TDI, and 80/20.
-TDI, 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (hereinafter abbreviated as MDI), dianisidine diisocyanate, triden diisocyanate, metaxylylene diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate, phenylene diisocyanate, 1,5-naphthalene diisocyanate, polymethylene polyphenyl poly Organic polyisocyanate compounds selected from aromatic diisocyanates and alicyclic diisocyanates, such as isocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate, hydrogenated MDI, hydrogenated TDI, and the like.

Alternatively, a polyol compound such as a polyester polyol, a polyether polyol, a polyester polyamide polyol, a polycarbonate polyol, a polycaprolactone polyester polyol, a polybutadiene polyol, a polypentadiene polyol may be added to the above-mentioned compounds alone or a mixture thereof. And castor oil-based polyols, low molecular weight diols, trimethylolpropane, glycerin, sorbitol, mannitol, dulcitol and the like.

Preferably, polyether polyols having a molecular weight of about 200 to 10,000 and low molecular weight diol, glycerin, trimethylolpropane, hexanetriol, triethanolamine, pentaerythritol, ethylenediamine, tolylenediamine, diphenylmethanediamine, Starting from tetramethylolcyclohexane, methylglucoside, 2,2,6,6-tetrakis (hydroxylmethyl) cyclohexanol, diethylenetriamine, sorbitol, mannitol, sucrose and the like, alkylene oxides such as
It is a product to which ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, or the like is added, and is preferably NCO / OH equivalent ratio of 1.5 or more, more preferably 1.5 to 20.
Any one of a CO group-containing prepolymer alone or a mixture thereof and / or a solution-based one dissolved in a plasticizer or a solvent may be used.

In the present invention, a polyol, which is appropriately blended with a polyol and a polyamine, a catalyst for accelerating curing, a stabilizer, an antifoaming agent and the like (corresponding to the above-mentioned liquid B), includes, for example, polyester polyols, Ether polyols, polyester polyamide polyols,
Polycarbonate polyols, polycaprolactone polyester polyols, polybutadiene polyols, polypentadiene polyols, castor oil-based polyols, low molecular weight diols, trimethylolpropane,
It is selected from glycerin, sorbitol, mannitol, dulcitol and the like.

Preferably, polyether polyols having a molecular weight of about 200 to 10,000 and low molecular weight diol, glycerin, trimethylolpropane, hexanetriol, triethanolamine, pentaerythritol, ethylenediamine, tolylenediamine, diphenylmethanediamine, Starting from tetramethylolcyclohexane, methylglucoside, 2,2,6,6-tetrakis (hydroxylmethyl) cyclohexanol, diethylenetriamine, sorbitol, mannitol, sucrose and the like, alkylene oxides such as
It is obtained by adding ethylene oxide, propylene oxide and the like.

The polyamine used in the present invention includes:
For example, 3,3'-dichloro-4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane, a condensate of 2-chloroaniline and formaldehyde, diethyltoluenediamine, 4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane, 3,3'5,5'-tetrachloro- 4,4′-diaminodiphenylmethane, toluenediamine, ethylenediamine, trioxypropylenediamine, α-ω diamino-polyoxypolypropylene, α-
ω-diamino-polyoxypolyethylene and the like, and any of those alone or as a mixture can be used.

As the curing accelerating catalyst used in the present invention, any known one can be used. For example, trimethylamine, triethylamine, tributylamine, N
-Dimethyllaurylamine, N-diethyllaurylamine, N, N'-methylpiperazine, N, N'-dimethylbenzylamine, N-methylmorpholine, N-ethylmorpholine, triethylenediamine, N-pentamethylethylenetriamine, Tertiary amines such as N, N ', N'-tetramethylpropylenediamine and N-polymethylpolyethylenepolyamine; and organic metal salts such as calcium octylate, lead octylate, dibutyltin dilaurate, stannas octate and the like. And the like, and those composed of a single substance or a mixture thereof can be used. The amount of these curing catalysts used is preferably 0.01 to 1.0 part by weight, more preferably 0.05 to 1.0 part by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the organic polyisocyanate compound.
0.50 parts by weight are used.

As the stabilizer used in the present invention, for example, any of known phenols such as BHT and BB, benzotriazoles and benzophenones can be used.

As the antifoaming agent used in the present invention, for example, any of polymethylpolysiloxane known in the art can be used.

[Urethane Foam In-situ] As a raw material of urethane foam in-situ used for forming the heat insulating material layer 3, a well-known urethane foam raw material used as a general heat insulating material is employed. For example, the foamed heat insulating material is obtained by mixing a liquid a having an isocyanate component as a main component and a liquid b obtained by adding a foaming agent to a polyol component, and expanding the foam to an expansion ratio of about 10 to 30 times. Examples of the foaming agent include Freon 141b (1,1-dichloro-1-fluoroethane (cc
l ₂ FcH ₃ )) is used.

[Other Embodiments of Air-Tightening Structure] (1) As a raw material of the ultra-fast-curing urethane elastic material for spraying constituting the air-tight holding layer 2, the above-mentioned polyisocyanate component, polyol component and / or polyamine component is used. Of the two-component type ultra-fast-curing urethane elastic raw material composed of the selected curing agent component, any combination can be used as long as it has a fast finger contact time and has sufficient airtightness. In addition, not only the two-component type ultra-fast curing urethane elastic material composed of the above-described polyisocyanate component and a curing agent component selected from a polyol component and / or a polyamine component, but also has a quick contact time and a sufficient airtightness. If it has the property, it does not matter. (2) A heat insulating material layer 3 formed on the indoor surface side of the airtight maintenance layer 2
May be set appropriately according to the required room temperature,
The construction is not limited to the above-described spraying, and the construction may be freely performed by adopting an appropriate method such as attaching a plate-like foamed heat insulating material board to the vertical wall portion on the inner surface of the fumigation chamber. In addition, when it is not used as a refrigeration facility, as shown in FIG. 2, the heat insulating material layer 3 may not be provided, and only the airtight maintaining layer 2 may be used. In this case, it is preferable to provide the moisture-proof material layer 4 such as a moisture-proof sheet and the pressing concrete 14 on the air-tightness maintaining layer 2 for the moisture-proofing and the protection of the air-tightness maintaining layer 2 on the floor 10. (3) In the steel-framed construction as shown in FIGS. 3 and 5, the base wall 1 and the airtight holding layer 2 are not directly joined to each other but in a direction along the wall surface in advance with respect to the surface of the base wall 1. The filler layer 20 having a certain degree of elasticity is formed, and the airtight holding layer 2 is formed above the filler layer 20. That is, the deck plate 16 of the ceiling surface 12 and the receiving structure steel frame 1
5, the first gap S1, the receiving structure steel frame 15 and the PC board, AL
A second gap S2 between the base wall 1 such as a C board, a PC board, and A
Partial spray foaming of urethane foam raw material on site where large voids are present, such as vertical corners of wall materials such as LC boards, corners between PC boards, ALC boards, etc. and floor surface 10 This is used as a filler layer 20, and an ultra-fast curing urethane elastic material is sprayed thereon to form the airtight layer 2. As shown in FIG. 5, urethane foam raw material is sprayed to a predetermined thickness on a flat surface that is not a joint or a corner between the PC plate and the ALC plate to form a filler layer 20. The airtight holding layer 2 may be formed by spraying an ultra-fast curing urethane elastic material. It should be noted that the material constituting the filler layer 20 is not limited to the above-mentioned sprayed urethane foam, but can fill the gaps on the base wall 1 side to some extent, and can be applied to the wall surface caused by the shaking of the building or the like. Any material can be used as long as the material has elasticity enough to absorb a certain amount of deformation in the direction along it. (4) The floor 10 side of the fumigation chamber is not limited to the one having the airtight holding structure constituted by the combination of the airtight holding layer 2 and the moisture-proof material layer 4 made of a polyethylene sheet as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 2, an adhesive sheet-shaped moisture-proof material layer 4 in which a moisture-proof layer portion and an adhesive material layer portion are layered and integrally formed may be laid from above the airtight holding layer 2. The moisture-proof material layer 4 in the form of a pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet has an adhesive layer integrally formed by laminating a moisture-proof layer in which the front and back surfaces of an aluminum foil are covered with a polyethylene film as a moisture-proof measure on the upper side of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer such as rubberized asphalt. The moisture-proof layer and the adhesive layer are integrated, such as an adhesive sheet with aluminum foil or an aluminum-deposited sheet in which a moisture-proof layer consisting of an aluminum-deposited film is integrally formed on the adhesive layer of a rubberized asphalt compound with a synthetic fiber non-woven fabric interposed therebetween. It is good to use what was laminated | stacked and was provided with release paper on the surface of an adhesive material layer, and was comprised in the sheet shape. In this case, the edge portion of the moisture-proof material layer 4 in the form of a pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet such as a pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet with an aluminum foil is located on the upper surface side of the pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet-like moisture-proof material layer 4 of the spraying ultra-fast curing urethane elastic material with respect to the edge portion. By spraying from
The pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet is fixed to the airtight layer 2 in a state of being embraced, and is configured to regulate the curling of the edge portion of the pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet during pressure reduction. In addition, as described above, the moisture-proof material layer 4 in the form of an adhesive sheet such as the adhesive sheet with an aluminum foil is provided not only on the floor surface 10 of the fumigation chamber and its vicinity, but also on the vertical wall portion. Alternatively, it may be provided over a wide area of the base wall 1, such as over the entire vertical wall portion and the ceiling wall portion. In this case, in addition to further improving the moisture-proof effect, the airtight maintaining effect can be further improved.

[Embodiment of Method for Applying Airtight Maintaining Layer] Next, a method for applying the airtight maintaining layer will be described.
A preferred example of the method for applying the airtight structure according to the present invention is as follows. After confirming the drying of the base wall for forming the fumigation chamber, a primer application step of applying an organic solvent-based primer, and thereafter, a super-fast curing urethane elastic body And a step of forming an airtight layer by spraying the raw material to form an airtight layer.

[Priming Treatment Step] In forming the airtight holding layer of the present invention, if the wall surface of the fumigation chamber to be applied has no problem in applying the airtight holding layer 2, the base treatment step is not necessary. However, in reality, it is rare that such a condition is satisfied. Therefore, a description will also be given of the base processing step.

In the base wall 1, of the concrete surface from which the formwork has been removed, a portion finished in the shape of a bean plate, a portion where a gap is formed at a joint portion of concrete, a portion having an extremely stepped portion, and a crack. Filled parts and other parts with voids or partial dents are filled and repaired with resin mortar or the like so as to be smooth. In addition, partial projections are finished smoothly with a sander or the like. If a triangular spacer is previously arranged on the formwork for the beam bottom or the like, it is not necessary to achieve a right-angled finish. Also, of the concrete, when the super-rapid curing urethane elastic material is sprayed at high pressure, the rough finished surface that can physically accumulate air is crushed by mixing Portland cement into the organic solvent-based primer used in this process. Using a trowel or the like with a squeezer to prevent bubbles from occurring.

[Primer coating process] It is confirmed that the condition of drying of the concrete surface which has been repaired smoothly is a predetermined dry state, and it is 8% or less as measured by a surface moisture meter, for example. After that, the primer is applied. The primer is obtained by diluting a one-component polyurethane resin with an organic solvent xylene, and is capable of performing a good secondary bond with a terminal reactive group. Also, since the surface tension of xylene is about 28 (dyne / cm ² ) and water is about 1 / 2.6, it penetrates well into the details of the irregularities of concrete,
The "wetting property" is good, and the molecules of the polyurethane resin in the primer and the molecules at the end of the concrete are sufficiently close to each other to form a good secondary bond. On the other side of the concrete, that is, at the end of the polyurethane resin exposed in the air, -NCO
The group is present and has high reactivity, and chemically bonds with the -OH group of the ultra-fast-curing urethane elastic raw material sprayed on the upper portion, so that the adhesiveness is high. Also, since the -NCO group has high reactivity, it reacts with moisture in the air, so it does not leave much after the primer coating and drying, and it is possible to shift to the ultra-fast curing urethane elastic body spraying step within 24 hours. desirable. The primer is applied using a roller brush, a brush, a spray, or the like, and the amount of application is about 0.2 (kg / cm ² ), and the drying time varies depending on the temperature, but is about 1 hour to 4 hours.
Since the primer application operation is an organic solvent operation, the operator needs to wear an air line mask.
During the drying time, it is necessary to discharge the evaporated solvent.

[Ultra-fast curing urethane elastic body spraying process] In the corner, the connection surface between the iron door frame and concrete, various bolts,
The through pipe, the base of the metal projection such as a flange, and the repaired concrete part are structurally apt to leak air. In the conventional method, treatment was performed with a urethane caulking agent, an asphalt emulsion coating material was applied, or a polyester cloth was inserted into the coating material to reinforce the coating. Even with the FRP lining method, reinforcement was performed by partially increasing the number of layers. Although both reinforcements required a great deal of labor, this method uses an injection gun that can repeatedly and frequently operate and stop accurately, and injection molding of ultra-high-speed curable urethane elastic raw material accurately even in small quantities by visual inspection. Can be reinforced.

Considering the method of reinforcing the inside corner using this method as an example, the folded width is 100 (mm) and the total width is 200.
(Mm) If the discharge time of the pumping machine is 3.6 (kg / min), the discharge amount from the gun tip will be 60 (g) per second if the discharge time of the pumping machine is 3.6 (kg / min). . That is, thickness 2
(Mm) ultra-fast-curing urethane elastic with 200 (mm) width
(M) The time required for spraying is: total width 0.2 (m) x length 1 (m) x thickness 2 (mm) / 4
00 (g), 400 (g) ÷ 60 (g / sec) = 6.6 seconds, and can be injected in less than 10 seconds. Further, the practical curing time is about 10 minutes, and since it is possible to continuously move and spray, the practical curing waiting time can be omitted. Also, if the same calculation is performed, the bolt base,
The local injection time on the separator mark is about 1 second. Reference numeral 21 in FIGS. 2 and 3 designates a part of the super-rapid curing urethane elastic body which is sprayed in advance for reinforcement by partially spraying the super-rapid curing urethane raw material to a location where there is a danger of air leakage structurally. The super-hardening urethane elastic material is further sprayed on the upper side of the partial reinforcing portion 21 to form the airtight layer 2.

The two-component urethane resin comprising a polyisocyanate component as a raw material of the ultra-fast curing urethane elastic material used in the application method of the present invention and a curing agent component selected from a polyol component and / or a polyamine component includes the above-mentioned two-component urethane resins.
The material described in the section of [Ultra-fast curing urethane elastic body] may be used. Also, the spray gun is provided with the structure of the spray nozzle 6 shown in FIG. 1 or other two-component high-pressure collision-mixing spray machine, for example, Gasmer G
X7, prober gun, ISOTHERM, Binks and the like can be used.

The formed ultra-fast curing urethane elastic film exhibits a suitable performance as the airtight holding layer 2. For example, the density is 1.07 (g / cm ³ ), the hardness is 87 (JISA),
Tensile strength: 130 (kg / cm ² ) Elongation: 400
(%), Tear strength; 70 (kg / cm). In addition, the ability to follow cracks in concrete, which is important in practical use,
It has a thickness of 2 (mm) and 8 (mm). After the airtight layer 2 is formed, pressurize the room with compressed air of 200 (mmAq) to perform a leak inspection. If there is any inspection and repair, after the inspection is completed, heat insulation and interior decoration are appropriately performed using urethane foam sprayed on site, etc. Perform construction work. When a urethane foam raw material is applied in-situ, it has airtightness, but its airtightness effect is not expected.

Considering the permeation amount of the logical gas permeating through the wall surface when the airtightness preserving layer of the present invention is applied and pressurized to the maximum pressure value 40 (mmAq) of the fumigation test according to the imported plant quarantine regulations. It looks like this: The construction is 250 (m
When the reinforced concrete is made as m), its moisture permeability resistance value is 167 (m ² hr mmHg / g) from the literature. The thickness of the airtight holding layer 2 made of an ultra-fast curing urethane elastic material is 2 (mm).
Is 25 (m ² hr mmH) from the experimental value.
g / g). Therefore, the total moisture permeability value is 192 (m ² hr mmHg /
g), the moisture permeability is 0.0052 (g / m ² hr mmHg / g). The numerical value at the time of the fumigation test is 40 (mmAq) x 48.
(Hr), the transmission amount at this time is 40 (mmA)
q) = 2.94 (mmHg), so 0.0052 ×
2.94 = 0.0152 (g / m ² hr), and becomes 0.73 (g / m ² 48 hr) in 48 hours. Floor space 600
(M ² ), volume 3600 (m ³ ), airtight layer area 1800
Considering the case of (m ² ) fumigation room, 0.73 (g / m ² 48
hr) × 1800 (m ² ) = 1314 (g / 48 hr). Since this value is for water vapor and 1/2500 in the case of air, 1314/2500 = 0.
53 (g / 48 hr). The standard air weight is 1.293 (kg / m ³ ), and the amount of permeation is substantially negligible.

In the construction method of the present invention, the discharge state of the mixture is not particularly limited, and may be discharged in a spray state or a raindrop state. However, when the mixture is sprayed on the structure in the spray state, the mixture is easily leveled. Thus, a highly uniform urethane elastic layer can be obtained.

[Insulation Material Layer Construction Step] A urethane foam raw material is sprayed from the upper side of the airtightness maintenance layer 2 by using the above-mentioned spray gun to a required thickness, and the heat insulation material layer 3 is formed on the airtightness maintenance layer 2. are doing. A fire retardant may be sprayed and applied to the surface of the heat insulating material layer 3 as needed.

[Embodiment of Second Construction Method] The vertical wall portion 11 of the base wall 1 has a steel plate structure as shown in FIGS. Is applied to a so-called steel structure in which concrete is cast on the deck plate 16 in the following procedure.

[Substrate treatment step] A first gap S1 between the deck plate 16 on the ceiling surface 12 and the receiving structure steel frame 15, and a second gap S2 between the receiving structure steel frame 15 and the base wall 1 such as a PC board or an ALC board. , PC board, ALC board, etc.
At locations having large voids, such as corners between the C plate, ALC plate and the like and the floor 10, partial blowing and foaming is performed by spraying urethane foam raw material in-situ, and this is applied to the filler layer 20.
And Also, where there is no large void at the joints and corners between the PC plate and the ALC plate, an organic solvent-based primer is applied to the places, and after drying, the ultra-fast curing urethane elastic raw material is sprayed (FIG. 3, (See FIG. 4). As shown in FIG. 5, urethane foam raw material may be sprayed on the surface other than the joints or corners of the PC plate and the ALC plate by a predetermined thickness to form the filler layer 20.

[Primer coating step] An organic solvent-based primer is applied by roller brushing, brushing, and spraying on the entire surface of the surface on which the airtight holding layer 2 subjected to the base treatment is to be applied, except for the location where the urethane foam raw material is sprayed by a predetermined thickness. And dry it.

[Airtight Retention Layer Forming Step] The airtight retention layer 2 is formed by spraying an ultra-fast curing urethane elastic material onto the surface to be treated which has been subjected to the primer treatment and the surface which has been formed by spraying the urethane foam raw material in-situ. Let it.

[Step of Forming Insulating Material Layer, etc.] After completion of the pressure test, the insulating material layer 3 is formed by, for example, spraying a urethane foam material on site. Thereafter, interior work such as installation of the interior material 4 is performed as needed.

[Embodiment of Third Construction Method] On the floor side of the fumigation chamber, as shown in FIG.
A moisture-proof material layer 4 made of a pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet with an aluminum foil formed of a pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet obtained by laminating an aluminum foil on rubber asphalt is laid on the upper side of the airtight holding layer 2 formed by spraying a super-fast curing urethane elastic material. I have. The edge portion of the pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet with aluminum foil constituting the moisture-proof material layer 4 is embraced between the airtight holding layer 2 and the edge portion by spraying the spraying ultra-fast curing urethane elastic material from above. The pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet is fixed in a state, and is configured to restrict the curling of the end of the pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet with an aluminum foil when the pressure is reduced. Other construction methods are the same as those in the above-described embodiments.

[Embodiment of the Fourth Construction Method] In spraying the airtight holding layer 2 in the fumigation chamber, if the ultra-fast curing urethane elastic material for spraying is nearly colorless and transparent,
Since it is difficult to grasp whether the spraying is performed uniformly on the entire surface to be sprayed or whether the spraying is uniformly applied by a predetermined thickness, toner is added to the raw material of the spraying ultra-fast curing urethane elastic body, It is colored. As a coloring method, a toner prepared in advance is added to a liquid B which is a mixture of a polyol and a polyamine. The adjustment of the toner and the amount of addition thereof may be performed by any method. Preferably, the organic pigment and / or the inorganic pigment are liquids having good compatibility with the liquid B, such as dioctyl phthalate (DOP), dibutyl phthalate (DBP), and dioctyl adipate (DOA). ), A plasticizer such as tricresyl phosphate (TCP), or a mixture of polyoxypropylene polyols (PPGs) as vehicles, and paste-like or liquid-like in a coating device such as a three-roll or ball mill. Adjust to the toner of. The amount of the toner added to the liquid B is determined in a range that does not significantly affect the cured physical properties of the super-fast-curing urethane elastic body for spraying, and is determined in consideration of the hiding power. Such coloring makes it easier to visually grasp the thickness of the coating film. And in this embodiment,
Plural kinds of colored super fast-curing urethane elastic materials for spraying, that is, preparing a plurality of super-fast curing urethane elastic materials for spraying of different colors, from the upper side of the spraying ultra-fast curing urethane elastic material previously applied, Spraying the ultra-fast-curing urethane elastic material for spraying in a different color, such as spraying the urethane elastic material for spraying later, is performed by dividing the spraying process into a plurality of times. A construction method that easily eliminates unevenness has been obtained. Other construction methods are the same as in the above-described embodiments.

[Embodiment of Fifth Construction Method] As shown in FIG. 2, a heat insulating layer 3
The ceiling wall and the wall may be constituted only by the airtight layer 2 without using the above. In this case, the floor side may be composed of only the airtight layer 2. However, since the floor surface often comes in and out of the transport vehicle, floor concrete is applied only on the floor side and above the airtight layer 2. May be provided.

[0061]

The effects of the present invention by adopting the above configuration are as follows. (1) According to the first aspect of the present invention, the use of an ultra-fast-curing urethane elastic body as the air-tightness maintaining layer makes it possible to maintain air-tightness better than the case where the air-tightness maintaining layer is formed of an in-situ urethane foam layer. Layers can be configured. Compared to the case of forming an airtight layer by FRP lining, it is possible to secure airtightness comparable to that of FRP lining, but not by the hand lay-up method, which is difficult and enormous, but simple. In this way, efficient spraying is possible, and the workability can be greatly improved.
Also, compared to the case of a rubber asphalt emulsion layer, the processing of the corners before spraying can be easily performed by spraying, so workability is improved in this respect,
In addition, there is a great difference in that there is no evaporation process of the excess water as compared with the airtight layer using rubber asphalt emulsion. In other words, strict environmental management up to dry film formation after spraying becomes unnecessary, and waiting time for dry film formation and the like after construction can be omitted, and a significant reduction in the construction period and man-hour can be expected. Therefore, a high-performance airtight holding structure with high workability, which cannot be achieved by any of the above-described conventional techniques, can be obtained. (2) As described in (2), the material constituting the airtight holding layer is a two-component ultra-fast-curing urethane elastic material comprising a polyisocyanate component and a curing agent component selected from a polyol component and / or a polyamine component. Since the spraying ultra-fast curing urethane elastic body is constituted by the following formula, it is possible to shorten the touchable time and the curing time after the completion of the reaction, and to omit the actual drying waiting time. (3) As described in claim 3, when the heat insulating material layer is formed on the indoor surface side of the airtight holding layer, the fumigation chamber can be used also as a refrigerator, so that even an article that is not an object to be fumigated can be used. It can be used effectively as a cold storage warehouse. (4) As described in claim 4, a filler layer made of a material capable of being elastically deformed in a direction along the wall surface is provided between the airtight holding layer and the base wall, and the filler layer is super-hardened. Since it can be used as a base material of the urethane elastic body, even if the connecting portion of the building constituting the fumigation chamber moves a little, it can be mitigated by the cushioning property of the filler. This makes it possible to form a suitable airtight layer for a steel-framed structure, and to reduce costs including the building itself having a high-performance fumigation room.

(5) As a fifth aspect of the present invention, as a method of applying the airtight maintaining structure of the fumigation chamber, a primer application step of applying an organic solvent-based primer, and thereafter, a super-rapid curing urethane elastic material is sprayed and applied. And a step of forming an airtight layer for forming an airtight layer, so that an airtight layer with excellent airtightness can be constructed by a simple and efficient spraying operation. It does not require strict environmental management, etc., and eliminates the waiting time for dry film formation after construction, greatly reducing the construction period and man-hours, thus greatly improving workability. is there.
In addition, by using an organic solvent as a primer solvent, good "wetting" to fine parts of concrete surface
And it is easy to ensure a good adhesion state, so that it is possible to avoid the deterioration of the airtight function due to the peeling of the airtight layer and to improve the durability. (6) Regarding the work contents at the work site, for example, a large and heavy work scaffold having a large area is not required for extending and attaching a roll-shaped glass fiber to a flat surface in the FRP lining work. It is also effective in reducing the number of operations and time required for moving. or,
Compared to the FRP lining work in which the entire process is an organic solvent work, the organic solvent work only requires about one day of primer application per room, and the worker only needs to wear a ventilation mask on that work day, and large-scale ventilation Equipment can be omitted.

(7) As described in claim 8, the step of forming an airtight layer is performed by spraying a plurality of super-fast-curing urethane elastic materials colored in different colors so as to be applied separately to a plurality of layers of different colors. Therefore, compared to the case of spraying a colorless and transparent, ultra-fast-curing urethane elastic raw material for spraying, the sprayed state can be easily visually recognized. Therefore, it is easy to check whether or not the entire surface of the object to be sprayed is evenly sprayed because the sprayed ultra-fast curing urethane elastic body that has been sprayed is colored. In addition, since the previously sprayed ultra-fast-curing urethane elastic material and the subsequently sprayed ultra-fast-curing urethane elastic material are colored in different colors, they are later sprayed on the color of the surface to be sprayed earlier. By spraying the super-fast curing urethane elastic material for spraying so that it is painted over,
An airtight layer having a stable thickness can be easily formed. As a result, there is an advantage that the spraying operation can be easily performed without unevenness and with high accuracy.

(8) As described in the ninth aspect, the pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet with an aluminum foil is stuck on the upper side of the airtight holding layer, and the peripheral edge of the pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet with the aluminum foil is integrated with the airtight holding layer. By spraying the ultra-fast curing urethane elastic material on the upper edge of the adhesive sheet with aluminum foil, aluminum that was not used because the construction of the joint with the wall airtight layer could not be processed properly A floor airtight layer can be formed from the pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet with a foil, and an airtight structure excellent in moisture-proof performance can be obtained.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram showing a tip portion of a spray gun for spraying a super-curing urethane elastic material used in the present invention.

FIG. 2 shows an airtight holding structure of a fumigation chamber in the present invention, (a) is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a state in which an airtight holding layer is formed on the inner surface of the fumigation chamber, and (b) is a fumigation chamber in which hardware and bolts are installed. It is sectional drawing which shows the part of an inner surface side.

FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a state in which an airtight maintaining layer and a heat insulating material layer are formed on the inner surface of the fumigation chamber, and FIG. -A
It is an arrow view in the direction view.

FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the vicinity of the floor of the fumigation chamber in the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view showing another embodiment of the airtight holding structure of the fumigation chamber according to the present invention, and showing a state in which a filler layer, an airtight holding layer, and a heat insulating material layer are formed on the inner surface side of the fumigation chamber. .

FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view showing another embodiment of the fumigation room floor portion in the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a conceptual diagram showing a conventional injection device for forming an airtight layer of a rubber asphalt emulsion.

FIG. 8 is a conceptual diagram showing a process of forming an airtight layer of a rubber asphalt emulsion using the injection device shown in FIG.

FIG. 9 is a longitudinal sectional view of a conventional fumigation chamber in which an airtight layer made of a rubber asphalt emulsion is formed.

FIG. 10 is a longitudinal sectional view of a conventional fumigation chamber in which an airtight layer made of FRP is formed.

FIG. 11 is a longitudinal sectional view of a conventional fumigation chamber in which an airtight layer made of rigid urethane foam is formed.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Base wall 2 Airtightness maintenance layer 3 Heat insulation material layer 4 Moisture proof material layer 5 Interior material 50 Filler layer

Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Norimitsu Hirata 5-8-18 Fushiodai, Ikeda-shi, Osaka (72) Inventor Daisuke Inoue 2-1-6-612 Jonai-dori, Nada-ku, Kobe-shi, Hyogo (72) Inventor Susumu Takahashi 2321-30 Tanawa, Misaki-cho, Sennan-gun, Osaka (72) Inventor Tadashi Kaneko 1-346-8 Takao, Sakai-shi, Osaka F-term (reference) 3E070 AA02 AB21 DA03 MA02 MA06 NA01 NA06

Claims (9)

[Claims] Claims: 1. An airtight structure for a fumigation chamber surrounding an indoor space with a wall having an airtight layer, wherein the airtight layer is formed on the indoor surface side of a base wall constituting the fumigation chamber, and An airtight maintenance structure for a fumigation chamber, characterized in that a spraying ultra-fast curing urethane elastic body is used as the airtight layer. 2. A two-component, ultra-fast-curing urethane elastic material comprising a polyisocyanate component and a curing agent component selected from a polyol component and / or a polyamine component. 2. The structure for maintaining airtightness of a fumigation chamber according to claim 1, wherein 3. The airtightness maintenance structure of a fumigation chamber according to claim 1, wherein a heat insulating material layer is formed on the indoor surface side of the airtightness maintenance layer. 4. A fumigation chamber according to claim 1, wherein a filler layer made of a material capable of being elastically deformed in a direction along the wall is formed between the airtightness holding layer and the base wall. Airtight structure. 5. A primer coating step of applying an organic solvent-based primer after confirming the drying of the base wall for forming the fumigation chamber, and thereafter, spraying and applying an ultra-fast curing urethane elastic material to form an airtight holding layer. A method for constructing an airtight structure in a fumigation room, comprising a step of forming an airtight layer. 6. A primer coating step of applying an organic solvent-based primer after confirming the drying of the base wall for forming the fumigation chamber, and thereafter, spraying and applying an ultra-fast curing urethane elastic material to form an airtight layer. A method for constructing an airtight maintenance structure of a fumigation chamber, comprising a step of forming an airtight layer and a step of forming a heat insulating layer on the indoor surface side of the airtight layer. 7. A location where a concave portion such as a constricted portion or a deep gap exists on an inner wall surface for forming a fumigation chamber, or
A filler spraying step of previously spraying an in-situ urethane foam material on the entire inner wall surface including a flat portion other than the recessed portion existing portion to form a filler layer, and a super-rapid curing urethane elastic material over the filler layer And forming an airtight layer by spraying and applying an airtight layer to the fumigation chamber. 8. The method according to claim 5, wherein the step of forming an airtight layer is performed by spraying a plurality of layers of a different color by spraying a plurality of super-fast-curing urethane elastic materials colored in different colors. The construction method of the airtight holding structure of the fumigation chamber according to any one of the above. 9. A primer coating step of applying an organic solvent-based primer to a floor surface constituting a floor surface of a fumigation chamber, and thereafter, an airtight holding layer for forming an airtight holding layer by spraying and applying an ultra-fast curing urethane elastic material. Forming step, sticking the pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet with aluminum foil on the upper side of the airtightness holding layer, and on the upper side of the periphery of the pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet with aluminum foil so as to be integrated with the airtightness holding layer at the periphery of the pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet with aluminum foil. The method for constructing an airtight holding structure of a fumigation room according to any one of claims 5, 6, and 8, comprising a floor moisture-proofing step of spraying the ultra-fast curing urethane elastic material.