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JP2000503345A - Hot rolling of steel strip - Google Patents

Hot rolling of steel strip

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Publication number
JP2000503345A
JP2000503345A JP9525663A JP52566397A JP2000503345A JP 2000503345 A JP2000503345 A JP 2000503345A JP 9525663 A JP9525663 A JP 9525663A JP 52566397 A JP52566397 A JP 52566397A JP 2000503345 A JP2000503345 A JP 2000503345A
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
rolling
ferrite
steel
steel strip
temperature
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
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JP9525663A
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
エスペンハーン、マンフレッド
カワラ、ルドルフ
ピルヒャー、ハンス
ボルペルト、バルデマー
Original Assignee
ティッセン シュタール アーゲー
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Application filed by ティッセン シュタール アーゲー filed Critical ティッセン シュタール アーゲー
Publication of JP2000503345A publication Critical patent/JP2000503345A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21BROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B1/00Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
    • B21B1/22Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling plates, strips, bands or sheets of indefinite length
    • B21B1/24Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling plates, strips, bands or sheets of indefinite length in a continuous or semi-continuous process
    • B21B1/26Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling plates, strips, bands or sheets of indefinite length in a continuous or semi-continuous process by hot-rolling, e.g. Steckel hot mill
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • C21D8/0221Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
    • C21D8/0226Hot rolling
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • C21D8/0294Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips involving a localised treatment
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • C21D8/04Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips to produce plates or strips for deep-drawing
    • C21D8/0421Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips to produce plates or strips for deep-drawing characterised by the working steps
    • C21D8/0426Hot rolling
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/52Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for wires; for strips ; for rods of unlimited length
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21BROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B1/00Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
    • B21B1/46Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling metal immediately subsequent to continuous casting
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21BROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B2201/00Special rolling modes
    • B21B2201/04Ferritic rolling
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2211/00Microstructure comprising significant phases
    • C21D2211/005Ferrite
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2221/00Treating localised areas of an article
    • C21D2221/02Edge parts
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • C21D8/0221Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
    • C21D8/0231Warm rolling

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Metal Rolling (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Sheet Steel (AREA)

Abstract

(57)【要約】 本発明は、非合金鋼もしくは低合金鋼、特に極低炭素鋼、超低炭素鋼、及び侵入型固溶がない鋼を熱間圧延する方法であって、熱間圧延を多段仕上群で鋼のオーステナイト域で開始し、鋼のフェライト域で終了する方法に関する。仕上群のスタンド間で冷却を行うことにより鋼の微細組織変態を完了する。本発明は、帯材を2から12mmの範囲の中間厚さにオーステナイト相で圧延し、単一の冷却段階で冷却してフェライト変態を行い、次に所定寸法にフェライト相で圧延することを特徴とする。   (57) [Summary] The present invention is a method of hot rolling non-alloy steel or low alloy steel, particularly ultra-low carbon steel, ultra-low carbon steel, and steel without interstitial solid solution, wherein hot rolling is performed in a multi-stage finishing group. Starting in the austenitic region and ending in the ferritic region of steel. The microstructure transformation of the steel is completed by cooling between stands in the finishing group. The present invention is characterized in that the strip is rolled in the austenitic phase to an intermediate thickness in the range of 2 to 12 mm, cooled in a single cooling step to perform ferrite transformation, and then rolled in the ferrite phase to predetermined dimensions. And

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 鋼帯の熱間圧延方法 本発明は、非合金鋼もしくは低合金鋼、特に極低(extra low)炭素鋼、超低(ul ta low)炭素鋼、及び侵入型固溶がない(interstial free)鋼を熱間圧延する方法 であって、熱間圧延を多段仕上群で鋼のオーステナイト域で開始し、鋼のフェラ イト域で終了し、仕上群のスタンド間で冷却を行うことにより鋼の微細組織変態 を完了する熱間圧延する方法に関するものである。 非合金鋼もしくは低合金鋼、主としてELC(0.02〜0.04%CのExtr a LowCarbon)鋼、ULC(<0.005%Ultra Low Carbon)鋼及びIF( Nb及び/又はTiを添加したInterstitial Free)鋼の鋼帯の熱間圧延法には 基本的には三種の方法がある。一つの方策は、鋼帯をオーステナイト域で仕上圧 延する方法である。この場合は、圧延の開始温度と終了温度が共に該当する鋼の オーステナイト域、すなわち鋼の組成に依存するA3点より上方域にあり、原則 として800℃より高温である。オーステナイト域のみでの鋼帯熱間圧延中に2 mm未満の鋼帯末端厚さとする際の温度制御は非常に困難である。加えて、鋼帯 の厚さ減少が進むにつれて起こるオーステナイトからフェライトへの変態が制御 されないで起こる危険がある。 第2の方策は鋼帯をフェライト域のみで熱間圧延する「フェライト圧延」と言 われる方法である。フェライト圧延は圧延の開始と終了の両方が鋼のフェライト 域、すなわち鋼のA3点より低い温度で行われる。これは主としてELC、UL C及びIF鋼について行われる。プロセス技術の観点からのフェライト圧延の利 点は、温度がより低いにも拘わらず、オーステナイトよりフェライトの変形抵抗 がより低くなるために、圧延力がかなり低下するところにある。この作用を利用 して、幅を大きくしかつ厚さを小さくする鋼帯寸法範囲を広げ、かつ同時にプラ ントの生産性を増大することが実際に行われている。加えて、ホットストリップ の処理過程でも、また鋼帯を冷間圧延もしくは表面微細化のいずれかで再処理す る場合でも、製造物に固有の利点が期待される。フェライト域での既知の熱間圧 延法での積極的可能性は制約されている。オーステナイトと比較するとフェライ トの変形抵抗が低いという利点は僅か約100から150℃の狭い温度範囲に限 られる。オーステナイトからフェライトへの完全な相変態直後で利点は最大にな り、フェライト域内で の温度降下とともに減少する。被圧延製品が薄くなるほど有害な温度損失が大き くなり、またこの防止が一層困難になる。加えて、圧延抵抗が減少することによ りもたらされる利点は、変形度の増大に伴って起こるフェライトの硬化により制 約される。連続圧延中の、変形の結果起こる強度の増大は少なくすることができ ず、あるいは僅かにしか減少できない。通常の仕上群でフェライト圧延を行うと 、圧延温度が低下しかつ総厚さ減少が大きくなった場合には、圧延されている材 料の方位組織が不所望のものとなって、この組織は全く解消できないか、あるい はコスト増となるが、ロールと被圧延材料の間に摩擦関係を介在させることによ ってのみ解消されるという制限もある。 第3の方策は、一部はオーステナイト域で、一部はフェライト域で熱間圧延を 行う方法である。ここではホットストリップは、鋼のオーステナイト域内の温度 で仕上群に入る。続いて、仕上群での熱間圧延中にオーステナイト微細組織から フェライト微細組織への変態が起こり、そして鋼帯は鋼のフェライト域の温度で 最終寸法に圧延される。このような方法は既にEP 0 504 999A2に記載されている 。ここでは、例えば厚さが60mmの連続鋳造帯が一つのロールスタンドで20 mmの中間厚さ鋼帯に熱間圧延される。この直後あるは再加熱後に中間鋼帯は鋼 のオーステナイト域内の温度で他のスタンド仕上群で、最終寸法に近い1.5m mに圧延される。続いて、鋼帯を冷却領域で冷却してオーステナイトからフェラ イトへの微細組織への変化を起こさせ、そして別のスタンドで0.7mmの最終 厚さに鋼帯を仕上圧延する。この公知のオーステナイト−フェライト熱間圧延法 は、仕上群で圧延中に起こるオーステナイトからのフェライトへの微細組織変化 が制御不能になり得ること、すなわち冷却領域に入る前に変態が起こってしまう ことである。他方、この結果圧延力のかなりの低下が起こり、これは制御不能で あるために望ましくない。他方、仕上圧延中の中間鋼帯の幅及び厚さについての 変態の不均質状態は、一時的なものでも永久的なものでも、鋼帯の形状及びホッ トストリップの機械的工業的性質の両方に不利益な性質を及ぼす。この理由によ って、連続もしくは半連続のホットストリップラインの熱間圧延はフェライト域 で行い、オーステナイトーフェライト変態は多スタンド仕上群に入る前に起こさ せるのがほとんどである。 本発明の目的は、先ずオーステナイト域で次にフェライト域での圧延中に起こ る上記制約もしくは不利益が防止させるように方法全体を改善することである。 換言すると、制御されたオーステナイトからフェライトへの変態を仕上圧延の一 部で起こさせ、また、圧延 をオーステナイト域で次にフェライト域で起こさせる利点を維持することである 。 本発明による一般的方法によると、上記目的は、鋼帯を仕上群内でオーステナ イト域にて2から12mmの範囲の中間厚さに圧延し、続いて、単一冷却段階で 冷却してフェライト変態を起こさせ、さらに圧延を行って仕上群にてフェライト 相にて最終寸法に圧延することにより達成される。 本発明によると、オーステナイト圧延中に2から12mmの中間厚さに圧延す るので、圧延中のオーステナイトからフェライトへの変態が制御不能になって上 述の欠点を招くことはなく、上記の目的が達成される。仕上群のスタンド間の冷 却領域で微細組織の変態を起こさせ、その後行うフェライト圧延は、本発明によ ると、少なくとも二段階で行い、フェライトの良好な変形能を活用するので、方 位組織が不所望になることはなくまた不所望な硬化が起こることもない。したが って、本発明はオーステナイト域と次のフェライト域とに厚さ減少を分担させる 。 本発明法の好ましい実施態様によると、帯材を3から8mmの範囲の中間厚さ にオーステナイト域で圧延し、そして、1.5mm未満の最終厚さにフェライト 域で仕上圧延する。 本発明の別の好ましい実施態様によると、オーステナイト域で予備圧延した帯 材をフェライト域で少なくとも2パスで最終寸法に圧延する。 本発明の別の好ましい実施態様によると、帯材を30℃/sを超える速度で冷 却してフェライト変態を起こさせる。これによって、オーステナイトからフェラ イトへの完全な相変態をもたらす強冷却を短時間で行うことができる。 本発明によると、フェライト変態を起こさせるための冷却領域の通過に続いて 、芯部温度と表面温度の間での温度均一化を行う数メーターの均熱領域を帯材を 通過させ、そして鋼材がフェライト圧延の最初のスタンドに入る前に完全な微細 組織変態を起こさせることも請求の範囲に記載する。この均熱領域では鋼帯の断 面全体で相変態を完結させるのに十分な時間がある。このことは厚さがより大き い鋼帯については特に好都合である。 本発明の重要な点は仕上圧延の第1段階をオーステナイト域で起こさせ、また 連続鋳造された中間帯の相変態に必要な簡単な冷却を12から2mm,好ましく は8から3mmの中間厚さで行うところにある。この中間の厚さでは、必要な帯 材の冷却は短い間隔でかつ少ない冷却媒体消費で行うことができる。さらに、フ ェライト域での熱間圧延を行う前に 行う帯材の厚さ全体についての温度均一化は短距離で十分になる。 仕上群での圧延中に起こるオーステナイト/フェライト変態が制御不能になる と、圧延力の低下が制御されずかつ制御不能がかなりのものとなり、この結果圧 延過程での制御の問題が起こるが、仕上群で連続鋳造帯を制御中間冷却すると制 御問題を避けることができる。 冷却領域を離れた後に、必要により帯材の縁を加熱して縁の温度降下を補償す ることができる。 本発明に係る方法は、連続スラブ鋳造を出発材料とする通常の熱間圧延機で実 施することができ、また鋳造ヒートで直接製造された中間帯材や圧延で更にイン ライン処理された帯材を用いる最近の連続鋳造−圧延機でも実施することができ る。本発明に係る方法は通常の熱間圧延機で実施する場合は、製品を最適にする ことを念頭においてスラブの加熱温度は自由に選択することができる。予備圧延 段階と仕上圧延段階間の切り替え時間による生産性の低下はない。技術の水準に よるフェライト圧延ではスラブをプッシャ型加熱炉で加熱する温度は通常法に比 べて約100ないし200℃低い。このようなスラブを使用する必要がない。 本発明に係る方法では、仕上群に入る時の予備帯の温度は通常900℃を超え ている。厚さ及び幅の全体にわたって予備帯はオーステナイト微細組織を有し、 この組織は予備圧延のために一様な再結晶粒組織となっている。この組織は軟化 しているために望ましい組織であり、仕上圧延の第1段階から高度の変形が可能 になる。 材料の状態は変形度に伴って硬質となる。オーステナイト/フェライト相変態 を制御したために軟化が起こる。なお、軟化は再結晶粒組織が形成されるためで もある。オーステナイトと比べるとフェライトの変形抵抗は低いためにかなり軟 化に寄与している。軟化のために望ましいフェライト組織であるために、仕上圧 延の第2段階でも高度の変形が可能になる。原則として、オーステナイトからフ ェライトへの変態に必要な温度急上昇はELC鋼では150℃以下であり、また ULC及びIF鋼では多くの場合80℃以下であと。フェライト圧延はAr,温 度とこの温度より150℃、好ましくは100℃低い温度の間で行うことが好ま しい。 好ましくない方位組織を避けるためには、帯材圧延時に潤滑を行うことのが得 策である。 圧延終了に続く遅くとも2sで仕上圧延帯を、水及び/又は水−空気混合物な どの液状及び/又はガス状冷却媒体でAr1温度より低温(但し温度差150℃ 超)の温度まで冷却する。冷却速度は芯部で10℃/sを超える速度である。こ のようにして製造されたホットストリップの再結晶していない微細組織は仕上圧 延温度からの急冷材により凍結されており、そして、好ましくはプレスによる冷 間成形と深絞り用冷間圧延帯の製造に特に好適である。上記の代わりに、熱間圧 延後にコイル状鋼帯をAr1温度より100℃未満低い温度に保持して再結晶さ せることもできる。 表1には、公知のオーステナイト圧延と公知のフェライト圧延についてのデー タ(d=帯材厚さ、T=被圧延材料の各パス後の温度、及びVw=帯材速度)を 示す。これに対して表2は本発明による熱間圧延中のデータを示す。表1及び2 のデータは、最初の帯材のさd=20mmであり、5スタンド仕上圧延群で1. 5もしくは1.2もしくは1mmに圧下するELC鋼に該当する。 公知のオーステナイト圧延や公知のフェライト圧延とは異なって本発明による 方法の場合は、5mmの帯材厚さが達成された第2パス後に、目的とする冷却を 行って、オーステナイト/フェライト微細組織変態が起こさせる。ここで、第2 パス後の870℃から第3パス前の約800℃まで温度が降下する。どの例でも 仕上群の最後第5パス後に最終厚さが達成される。 本発明によると、オーステナイト圧延を行い、そして制御相変態を行った後に 仕上フェライト圧延を1パスもしくは数パスで行うために、全体での厚さ減少は 大きいにも拘らず、パススケジュールをする際に帯材の形状を最適にすることが できる。 冷却領域を新設すると本発明法は既存の設備でも実施することができる。この ように補充した既存設備は本発明法だけではなく、すべての通常の熱間圧延プロ グラムについても能力一杯に使用することができる。 まとめると、本発明法を使用することにより、次のような一連の顕著な利点が 奏される。 −圧延力の低下が非制御ではなくまた大きくもないので、圧延過程での非制御 問題はない。 −再加熱中でもまた第1回のヒートからの直接圧延中にも実施できる。 −品質に関連した制限はあるが、加熱温度に関する制限はない。 −切り替え時間の結果による生産性低下がない。 −冷却媒体の能力を追加することがない。 −オーステナイト微細組織もフェライト微細組織も幅/厚さ全体で一様である 。 −オーステナイト及びフェライトの最初の状態は再結晶した軟質状態である。 したがって個々のパスの低下を大きくすることができる。単一パスの場合は再結 晶状態で二つの部分パスとすることができる。 −仕上群での温度損失を避けることができることができるので、エネルギー消 耗を減らすことができる。 −フェライトでの変形度が少なくなっているので、不所望の方位組織がない好 ましい変形となる。 −通常の多様性を超える望ましい最終厚さ。 −中間の厚さに圧延された帯材の冷却中に脱スケールを行うことによって仕上 帯材のスケール厚さを薄くすることができる。このために酸洗ラインを削減しか つ表面品質を向上することができる。 −妥当な設備投資で新設備でも既存の設備でも実施することができる。 −使用時間を制限することなく熱間圧延は新しいプログラムでも通常のプログ ラムでも可能である。 以下、本発明を次の図面を参照としてより詳しく説明する。 図1は、一定の変形度(ψ=0.6)におけるELC,ULC及びIF鋼種に ついての変形抵抗kfの温度関係を示す。 グラフの下の表には鋼の組成を示す。図1には、ELC鋼の相変態が起こる温 度区域を示す。グラフは、オーステナイトと比べてフェライトの変形抵抗が低く 、有利であることを示し、この利点はオーステナイトからフェライトへの相変態 が完結した直後で最大(すなわち、変形抵抗が最小)である。好ましい温度区域 は約100から150℃である。 図2は2基のスタンドの間に組み込まれた冷却領域をもつ仕上群の一部を示す 図面である。 図2には、オーステナイト圧延が行われる仕上群の最初の部分である最終スタ ンドF2が示される。その後には、冷却を行って鋼帯にオーステナイト/フェラ イト変態を起こさせる冷却領域があり、これに続いて仕上群の最終部分の第1ス タンドF3がある。 フェライト圧延が行われるこのスタンドに含まれるロールスタンドは2基が必要 であり、好ましくは3基である。この図の下には、帯材断面に相温度分布の例が 図示されており、表面温度(実線)及び芯温度(鎖線)の両方を示す。ULC鋼 のオーステナイト相で予備圧延された帯材は約920℃の温度で冷却領域に入る 。冷却領域での強冷却の結果表面温度は約805℃に急峻な降下を示す。冷却領 域の終端で芯温度は自然に860℃弱に自然降下する。 冷却領域と後続スタンドF3の間で、帯材を空気にさらすことにより芯温度と 表面温度を均一にする機会がある。約2.3m後に図2のグラフに示すように温 度の均熱が完了する。スタンドF3の前に帯材の縁を加熱する装置(図示せず) を配置することができる。このような装置を運転して、帯材の縁に大きな温度損 失が起こった場合は、これを補償することができる。 表1 通常の圧延 表2 本発明による方法 Detailed Description of the Invention Hot rolling method for steel strip The present invention relates to non-alloy steel or low alloy steel, especially extra low carbon steel, ultra low carbon steel and interstitial solid steel. A method of hot rolling interstial free steel, in which hot rolling starts in the austenitic region of the steel in the multi-stage finishing group, ends in the ferrite region of the steel, and cools between the stands in the finishing group. The present invention relates to a method of performing hot rolling to complete microstructural transformation of steel by performing the method. Non-alloy steel or low alloy steel, primarily ELC (of 0.02~0.04% C E xtr a L ow C arbon) steel, ULC (<0.005% U ltra L ow C arbon) steel and IF (Nb and the / or I nterstitial F ree was added Ti) hot rolling method of steel strip of steel is basically there are three kinds of methods. One strategy is to finish roll the steel strip in the austenitic zone. In this case, the austenite region of the steel starting temperature and end temperature of rolling is applicable both, that is above zone than A 3 point depends on the composition of the steel, a temperature higher than 800 ° C. as a rule. It is very difficult to control the temperature when the strip end thickness is less than 2 mm during hot strip rolling in the austenitic zone only. In addition, there is a risk that the uncontrolled transformation of austenite to ferrite, which occurs as the strip thickness decreases, may occur uncontrolled. A second measure is a method called "ferrite rolling" in which a steel strip is hot-rolled only in a ferrite region. Ferrite rolling ferrite region start and both end of the steel rolling, that is carried out at a temperature lower than the A 3 point of the steel. This is mainly done for ELC, ULC and IF steels. The advantage of ferrite rolling from a process technology point of view is that, despite lower temperatures, the rolling force is significantly reduced due to the lower resistance of ferrite to deformation than austenite. By utilizing this effect, it is actually practiced to increase the width of the steel strip to increase the width and decrease the thickness, and at the same time to increase the productivity of the plant. In addition, advantages inherent to the product are expected, both during the hot strip process and when the steel strip is reprocessed either by cold rolling or surface refinement. The aggressive potential of known hot rolling processes in the ferrite zone is limited. The advantage of lower deformation resistance of ferrite compared to austenite is limited to a narrow temperature range of only about 100 to 150 ° C. Immediately after the complete transformation of austenite to ferrite, the benefits are maximized and decrease with decreasing temperature in the ferrite region. The thinner the rolled product, the greater the harmful temperature loss and the more difficult it is to prevent this. In addition, the benefits provided by the reduced rolling resistance are limited by the hardening of the ferrite that accompanies the increased degree of deformation. During continuous rolling, the increase in strength resulting from deformation cannot be reduced or only slightly reduced. When ferrite rolling is performed in a normal finishing group, when the rolling temperature decreases and the total thickness decreases, the orientation structure of the material being rolled becomes undesired, and this structure is completely lost. Although it cannot be eliminated or the cost increases, there is also a limitation that it can be eliminated only by interposing a frictional relationship between the roll and the material to be rolled. The third measure is a method in which hot rolling is performed partly in the austenitic region and partly in the ferrite region. Here the hot strip enters the finishing group at a temperature within the austenitic range of the steel. Subsequently, a transformation from austenitic microstructure to ferrite microstructure occurs during hot rolling in the finishing group, and the strip is rolled to final dimensions at temperatures in the ferritic region of the steel. Such a method has already been described in EP 0 504 999 A2. Here, for example, a continuous cast strip having a thickness of 60 mm is hot-rolled by a single roll stand into a steel strip having an intermediate thickness of 20 mm. Immediately after or after reheating, the intermediate steel strip is rolled to 1.5 mm close to its final dimensions in another stand finishing group at a temperature within the austenitic range of the steel. Subsequently, the steel strip is cooled in a cooling zone to cause a change in the microstructure from austenite to ferrite, and the steel strip is finish rolled on another stand to a final thickness of 0.7 mm. This known austenite-ferrite hot rolling method is such that the microstructure change from austenite to ferrite occurring during rolling in the finishing group can become uncontrollable, that is, transformation occurs before entering the cooling region. is there. On the other hand, this results in a considerable reduction in the rolling force, which is undesirable because it is out of control. On the other hand, the heterogeneous state of transformation with regard to the width and thickness of the intermediate steel strip during finish rolling, whether temporary or permanent, depends on both the shape of the steel strip and the mechanical and industrial properties of the hot strip. Has disadvantageous properties. For this reason, hot rolling of a continuous or semi-continuous hot strip line is performed in the ferrite zone, and the austenite-ferrite transformation is mostly caused before entering the multi-stand finishing group. It is an object of the present invention to improve the overall process so as to prevent the above mentioned restrictions or disadvantages that occur during rolling in the austenitic zone and then in the ferrite zone. In other words, the controlled transformation of austenite to ferrite occurs in part of the finish rolling and the advantage of maintaining the rolling in the austenitic zone and then in the ferrite zone. According to the general method according to the invention, the object is to roll the steel strip in the finishing group in the austenitic zone to an intermediate thickness in the range of 2 to 12 mm, followed by cooling in a single cooling step to ferrite transformation This is achieved by performing rolling, and then rolling to a final dimension in the ferrite phase in the finishing group. According to the present invention, since the steel sheet is rolled to an intermediate thickness of 2 to 12 mm during austenite rolling, the transformation from austenite to ferrite during rolling cannot be controlled and the above-mentioned drawbacks do not occur, and the above object is achieved. Is done. According to the present invention, the transformation of the microstructure is caused in the cooling region between the stands of the finishing group, and the subsequent ferrite rolling is performed in at least two stages and utilizes the good deformability of the ferrite. And no undesired curing occurs. Thus, the present invention shares the thickness reduction between the austenitic region and the next ferrite region. According to a preferred embodiment of the method of the invention, the strip is rolled in the austenitic zone to an intermediate thickness in the range of 3 to 8 mm and finish rolled in the ferrite zone to a final thickness of less than 1.5 mm. According to another preferred embodiment of the invention, the strip pre-rolled in the austenitic zone is rolled to the final dimensions in at least two passes in the ferrite zone. According to another preferred embodiment of the invention, the strip is cooled at a rate above 30 ° C./s to cause a ferrite transformation. This makes it possible to perform strong cooling in a short time, which causes a complete phase transformation from austenite to ferrite. According to the invention, following the passage of the cooling zone to cause the ferrite transformation, the strip is passed through a soaking zone of several meters, which makes the temperature uniform between the core temperature and the surface temperature, and It is also claimed that the steel undergoes a complete microstructural transformation before entering the first stand of ferrite rolling. In this soaking zone, there is sufficient time to complete the phase transformation over the entire cross section of the steel strip. This is particularly advantageous for thicker steel strips. An important aspect of the present invention is that the first stage of finish rolling takes place in the austenitic zone and the simple cooling required for the phase transformation of the continuously cast intermediate zone has an intermediate thickness of 12 to 2 mm, preferably 8 to 3 mm. Where to do it. At this intermediate thickness, the required strip cooling can be performed at short intervals and with low cooling medium consumption. Furthermore, short distances are sufficient for temperature uniformization over the entire thickness of the strip before hot rolling in the ferrite region. If the austenite / ferrite transformation that occurs during rolling in the finishing group becomes uncontrollable, the reduction of the rolling force is uncontrolled and uncontrollable, resulting in considerable control problems in the rolling process. Controlling the continuous casting zone with intercooling can avoid control problems. After leaving the cooling zone, the edge of the strip can be heated, if necessary, to compensate for the temperature drop at the edge. The method according to the present invention can be carried out in a normal hot rolling mill starting from continuous slab casting, and an intermediate strip directly manufactured by casting heat or a strip further in-line processed by rolling. It can also be carried out in the modern continuous casting-rolling mill used. When the method according to the invention is carried out in a conventional hot rolling mill, the heating temperature of the slab can be freely selected with the aim of optimizing the product. There is no decrease in productivity due to the switching time between the preliminary rolling stage and the finish rolling stage. In the ferrite rolling according to the state of the art, the temperature at which the slab is heated in the pusher type heating furnace is about 100 to 200 ° C. lower than that of the ordinary method. There is no need to use such a slab. In the method according to the invention, the temperature of the spare zone when entering the finishing group is usually above 900 ° C. The reserve zone has an austenitic microstructure throughout its thickness and width, and this structure has a uniform recrystallized grain structure due to the preliminary rolling. This structure is desirable because it is softened, and enables a high degree of deformation from the first stage of finish rolling. The state of the material becomes harder with the degree of deformation. Softening occurs due to control of the austenite / ferrite phase transformation. The softening is also due to the formation of a recrystallized grain structure. Compared to austenite, the deformation resistance of ferrite is low, which contributes to softening considerably. Due to the desired ferrite structure for softening, a high degree of deformation is possible even in the second stage of finish rolling. In principle, the temperature rise required for the transformation of austenite to ferrite is below 150 ° C. for ELC steels and below 80 ° C. for ULC and IF steels in most cases. The ferrite rolling is preferably performed between the Ar temperature and 150 ° C., preferably 100 ° C. lower than this temperature. In order to avoid an undesirable orientation structure, it is advisable to perform lubrication during strip rolling. At the latest 2 s following the end of the rolling, the finished strip is cooled to a temperature lower than the Ar 1 temperature (but a temperature difference of more than 150 ° C.) with a liquid and / or gaseous cooling medium such as water and / or a water-air mixture. The cooling rate is more than 10 ° C./s at the core. The non-recrystallized microstructure of the hot strip thus produced is frozen by a quenched material from the finish rolling temperature, and is preferably cold-formed by pressing and production of a cold-rolled strip for deep drawing. It is particularly suitable for Alternatively, after hot rolling, the coiled steel strip may be kept at a temperature lower than the Ar 1 temperature by less than 100 ° C. for recrystallization. Table 1 shows the data (d = the strip thickness, T = temperature after each pass of the rolled material, and V w = strip speed) of known austenitic rolling the known ferrite rolling. In contrast, Table 2 shows data during hot rolling according to the invention. The data in Tables 1 and 2 are for the first strip, d = 20 mm, and for the five stand finish rolling group, 1. This corresponds to an ELC steel reduced to 5 or 1.2 or 1 mm. In contrast to the known austenitic rolling and the known ferrite rolling, the method according to the invention provides the desired cooling after the second pass in which a strip thickness of 5 mm has been achieved and the austenite / ferrite microstructure transformation. Wake up. Here, the temperature drops from 870 ° C. after the second pass to about 800 ° C. before the third pass. In each case, the final thickness is achieved after the last fifth pass of the finishing group. According to the present invention, since austenitic rolling is performed, and finish ferrite rolling is performed in one pass or several passes after performing the control phase transformation, the pass schedule is notwithstanding a large reduction in overall thickness. In addition, the shape of the strip can be optimized. When a cooling area is newly provided, the method of the present invention can be carried out with existing equipment. The existing equipment thus replenished can be used to its full capacity not only in the process according to the invention, but also in all usual hot rolling programs. In summary, the use of the method of the present invention provides a number of significant advantages, including: There is no uncontrol problem in the rolling process, since the reduction in rolling force is not uncontrolled and not large. -Can be performed during reheating and also during direct rolling from the first heat. -There are restrictions on quality, but no restrictions on heating temperature. No productivity loss as a result of the switching time; -No additional cooling medium capacity. -Both the austenitic microstructure and the ferrite microstructure are uniform across the width / thickness. The initial state of austenite and ferrite is the recrystallized soft state. Therefore, it is possible to increase the drop of each pass. In the case of a single pass, two partial passes can be made in a recrystallized state. -Energy consumption can be reduced because temperature loss in the finishing group can be avoided. A preferred deformation without unwanted orientation texture, since the degree of deformation in the ferrite is reduced. -Desired final thickness over normal variability. The scale thickness of the finished strip can be reduced by performing descaling during the cooling of the strip rolled to an intermediate thickness. Therefore, the number of pickling lines can be reduced and the surface quality can be improved. -New equipment or existing equipment can be implemented with a reasonable capital investment. Hot rolling can be done in a new program or in a regular program, without any restriction on the use time. Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the following drawings. Figure 1 shows ELC, the temperature relation of deformation resistance k f for ULC and IF grades at constant deformation degree (ψ = 0.6). The table below the graph shows the composition of the steel. FIG. 1 shows the temperature zone in which the phase transformation of the ELC steel occurs. The graph shows that ferrite has a lower and more favorable deformation resistance than austenite, with the greatest benefit immediately after the completion of the austenite-to-ferrite phase transformation (ie, the least deformation resistance). The preferred temperature zone is about 100 to 150 ° C. FIG. 2 is a drawing showing a part of a finishing group having a cooling area incorporated between two stands. FIG. 2 shows a final stand F2 which is the first part of the finishing group on which austenitic rolling is performed. After that, there is a cooling zone for cooling to cause austenite / ferrite transformation in the steel strip, followed by a first stand F3 in the final part of the finishing group. The roll stand included in this stand where the ferrite rolling is performed requires two roll stands, and preferably three roll stands. Below this figure, an example of a phase temperature distribution is shown in the cross section of the strip, showing both the surface temperature (solid line) and the core temperature (chain line). The strip pre-rolled in the austenitic phase of the ULC steel enters the cooling zone at a temperature of about 920 ° C. As a result of the strong cooling in the cooling area, the surface temperature shows a sharp drop to about 805 ° C. At the end of the cooling zone, the core temperature naturally drops to slightly less than 860 ° C. Between the cooling zone and the subsequent stand F3, there is an opportunity to expose the strip to air to equalize the core and surface temperatures. After about 2.3 m, the temperature equalization is completed as shown in the graph of FIG. A device (not shown) for heating the edge of the strip can be arranged in front of the stand F3. If such a device is operated, a large temperature loss at the edge of the strip can be compensated for. Table 1 Normal rolling Table 2 Method according to the invention

───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 ボルペルト、バルデマー ドイツ デー―46539 ディンスラーケン、 ハイスターブッシュ79────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page    (72) Inventor Volpert, Valdemar             German Day 46439 Dinslaken,             High Star Bush 79

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 1.非合金鋼もしくは低合金鋼、特に極低炭素鋼、超低炭素鋼、及び侵入型固溶 がない鋼を熱間圧延する方法であって、熱間圧延を多段仕上群でオーステナイト 域で開始し、フェライト域で終了し、仕上群のスタンド間で冷却を行うことによ り鋼の微細組織変態を完了する熱間圧延する方法において、 鋼帯を仕上群内でオーステナイト域にて2から12mmの範囲の中間厚さに圧 延し、続いて、単一冷却段階で冷却してフェライト変態を起こさせ、さらに圧延 を行って仕上群にてフェライト相にて最終寸法に圧延することを特徴とする方法 。 2.鋼帯を3から8mmの範囲の中間厚さにオーステナイト域で圧延し、そして 、1.5mm未満の最終厚さにフェライト域で仕上圧延することを特徴とする請 求項1記載の熱間圧延方法。 3.オーステナイト域で予備圧延した鋼帯をフェライト域で少なくとも2パスで 最終寸法に圧延することを特徴とする請求項1又は2記載の方法。 4.鋼帯を30℃/sを超える速度で冷却してフェライト変態を起こさせる請求 項1から3までの何れか1項に記載の方法。 5.フェライト変態を起こさせるための冷却領域の通過に続いて、芯部温度と表 面温度の間での温度均一化を行う数メーターの均熱領域を鋼帯を通過させ、そし て鋼帯がフェライト圧延の最初のスタンドに入る前に完全な微細組織変態を起こ させることを特徴とする請求項1から4までの何れか1項記載の方法。 6.冷却領域を通過した後でかつフェライト圧延群の第1スタンドに入る前に鋼 帯の縁を加熱することを特徴とする請求項1から5までの何れか1項記載の方法 。 7.潤滑剤を添加して鋼帯を圧延することを特徴とする請求項1から6までの何 れか1項記載の方法。 8.Arl温度と、Arl温度より150℃、好ましくは100℃低い温度との間 の温度で鋼帯をフェライト圧延群で仕上圧延することを特徴とする請求項1から 7までの何れか1項に記載の方法。 9.圧延終了に続く遅くとも2sで仕上圧延帯を、水及び/又は水−空気混合物 などの液状及び/又はガス状冷却媒体でAr,温度より150℃より低い温度ま で、芯部の冷却速度で10℃/sを超える速度で冷却することを特徴とする請求 項1から8 までの何れか1項に記載の方法。 10.熱間圧延後にコイル状鋼帯をAr,温度より100℃未満低い温度に保持 して再結晶させることを特徴とする請求項1から8までの何れか1項に記載の方 法。 11.請求項1から10までの何れか1項に記載の方法を、冷間変形特性が良好 な冷間圧延鋼帯の製造に使用する用法。 12.連続鋳造及びインライン圧延再処理から出発する鋼帯の製造に適用するこ とを特徴とする請求項1から10までの何れか1項に記載の方法。[Claims] 1. A method of hot rolling non-alloy steel or low alloy steel, especially ultra low carbon steel, ultra low carbon steel, and steel without interstitial solid solution, in which hot rolling is started in the austenitic region in a multi-stage finishing group. A method of hot rolling, which finishes in the ferrite region and completes the microstructural transformation of the steel by cooling between stands of the finishing group, wherein the steel strip is in the range of 2 to 12 mm in the austenitic region in the finishing group. A method comprising rolling to an intermediate thickness, followed by cooling in a single cooling step to cause ferrite transformation, rolling further, and rolling in the finishing group to the final dimensions in the ferrite phase. 2. 2. The hot-rolling method according to claim 1, wherein the steel strip is rolled in the austenitic zone to an intermediate thickness in the range of 3 to 8 mm and finish-rolled in the ferrite zone to a final thickness of less than 1.5 mm. . 3. 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the steel strip pre-rolled in the austenitic zone is rolled to the final dimensions in at least two passes in the ferrite zone. 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the steel strip is cooled at a rate exceeding 30 ° C / s to cause ferrite transformation. 5. Subsequent to passing through the cooling zone to cause the ferrite transformation, the steel strip is passed through a steel strip through a soaking zone of several meters to make the temperature uniform between the core temperature and the surface temperature, and the steel strip is subjected to ferrite rolling. 5. The method according to claim 1, wherein a complete microstructural transformation takes place before entering the first stand. 6. 6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the edge of the steel strip is heated after passing through the cooling zone and before entering the first stand of the ferrite rolling mill. 7. 7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the steel strip is rolled by adding a lubricant. 8. The steel strip is finish-rolled in a ferrite rolling group at a temperature between the Ar 1 temperature and a temperature 150 ° C., preferably 100 ° C. lower than the Ar 1 temperature, according to any one of the preceding claims. The method described in. 9. At the latest 2 s following the end of the rolling, the finished rolling strip is cooled at a rate of 10 ° C. at a core cooling rate of 150 ° C. to a temperature lower than 150 ° C. from a liquid and / or gaseous cooling medium such as water and / or water-air mixture. The method according to claim 1, wherein the cooling is performed at a rate in excess of / s. 10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein after hot rolling, the coiled steel strip is recrystallized while being kept at a temperature lower than Ar by less than 100 ° C. 11. Use of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 10 for producing a cold-rolled steel strip having good cold deformation characteristics. 12. 11. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method is applied to the production of a steel strip starting from continuous casting and in-line rolling reprocessing.
JP9525663A 1996-01-14 1997-01-11 Hot rolling of steel strip Pending JP2000503345A (en)

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