JP2000319011A - Calcium-containing porous carbon material - Google Patents
Calcium-containing porous carbon materialInfo
- Publication number
- JP2000319011A JP2000319011A JP11127250A JP12725099A JP2000319011A JP 2000319011 A JP2000319011 A JP 2000319011A JP 11127250 A JP11127250 A JP 11127250A JP 12725099 A JP12725099 A JP 12725099A JP 2000319011 A JP2000319011 A JP 2000319011A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- calcium
- carbon material
- porous carbon
- carbonized
- vegetable
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 title claims description 33
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 25
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 25
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 29
- 235000011116 calcium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 18
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 abstract description 17
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 abstract description 15
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 14
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 14
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 229940043430 calcium compound Drugs 0.000 abstract description 10
- 150000001674 calcium compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 240000000491 Corchorus aestuans Species 0.000 abstract description 5
- 235000011777 Corchorus aestuans Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 5
- 235000010862 Corchorus capsularis Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 5
- 244000080767 Areca catechu Species 0.000 abstract description 4
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 4
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010000 carbonizing Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract 2
- 235000004431 Linum usitatissimum Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 240000006240 Linum usitatissimum Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000010216 calcium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 description 9
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 8
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 8
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 5
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen chloride Substances Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910000041 hydrogen chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000012766 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000012765 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. spontanea Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 244000082204 Phyllostachys viridis Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 description 4
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 235000009120 camo Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000005607 chanvre indien Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000011487 hemp Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 4
- XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur monoxide Chemical class S=O XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000002013 dioxins Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052815 sulfur oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- KVGZZAHHUNAVKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxin Chemical compound O1C=COC=C1 KVGZZAHHUNAVKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 241000218631 Coniferophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000018782 Dacrydium cupressinum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000006055 Dacrydium cupressinum Species 0.000 description 1
- 101000607626 Homo sapiens Ubiquilin-1 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 235000013697 Pinus resinosa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102100039934 Ubiquilin-1 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 238000004887 air purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- TXKMVPPZCYKFAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N disulfur monoxide Inorganic materials O=S=S TXKMVPPZCYKFAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 for example Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010903 husk Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003516 soil conditioner Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Disinfection, Sterilisation Or Deodorisation Of Air (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、例えば排ガス中の
塩素系ガスの除去などに用いて好適なカルシウム含有の
多孔質炭素材料に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a calcium-containing porous carbon material suitable for use, for example, for removing chlorine-based gas in exhaust gas.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】例えば、多孔質炭素材料の代表である活
性炭は、空気浄化、用材回収、上下水道処理、排水処理
などに広く応用され、また木炭も、調湿材や河川浄化、
土壌改良材として広く普及しており、例えば排ガス中の
塩素系ガスや硫黄酸化物などの除去にも利用されている
が、これらは多孔質炭素材料の内部の微細な細孔による
吸着特性だけを利用しているに過ぎないのであった。2. Description of the Related Art For example, activated carbon, a representative of porous carbon materials, is widely applied to air purification, material recovery, water and sewage treatment, waste water treatment, and the like.
It is widely used as a soil conditioner and is used, for example, to remove chlorine-based gas and sulfur oxides in exhaust gas. I was just using it.
【０００３】或いは、これらの活性炭を単独で利用する
だけでなく、触媒活性を発現させるように、細孔表面に
金属や塩化物を担持させた触媒担持の活性炭も、各種の
反応に利用されており、この他に、活性炭の炭化前後に
有機物と金属元とを混合させて、金属成分を微細に高分
散させ、新たな触媒作用を発現させることも試みられて
いるが、この技術では、炭素元に高価な樹脂を用い、金
属元としてＣｏ, Ｎｉ，Ｃｕ，Ｐｔ，Ｍｏ，Ｆｅ等の触
媒作用の知られているものを用いており、何れも機能的
には、担持した金属の触媒作用を狙いにしたもので高価
であった。Alternatively, not only these activated carbons are used alone, but also activated carbons carrying a metal or chloride on the surface of pores so as to exhibit catalytic activity are used for various reactions. In addition to this, attempts have been made to mix an organic substance and a metal element before and after carbonization of activated carbon to finely and highly disperse metal components and to develop a new catalytic action. An expensive resin is used as the base material, and those having known catalytic actions such as Co, Ni, Cu, Pt, Mo, and Fe are used as metal sources. It was expensive because it aimed at.
【０００４】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】これらに代わる安価な
塩素系ガスの除去技術として、活性炭と消石灰の粉末と
を混合したものを、例えば焼却炉の煙道中に吹き込ん
で、焼却炉から排出される排ガス中の塩素系ガスを除去
する技術が知られており、これは、消石灰と塩化水素ガ
スとの反応性と、活性炭のダイオキシン類などの他の塩
素系物質の吸着性を利用したものであるが、消石灰の反
応は粒子表面のみで起こるため反応性が低く、また、活
性炭の吸着も十分、効率的に行われていないのが現状で
ある。As an inexpensive technique for removing chlorine-based gas instead of these, a mixture of activated carbon and slaked lime powder is blown into, for example, the flue of an incinerator and discharged from the incinerator. A technique for removing chlorine-based gas in exhaust gas is known, which utilizes the reactivity of slaked lime with hydrogen chloride gas and the adsorption of other chlorine-based substances such as dioxins of activated carbon. However, the reaction of slaked lime occurs only on the particle surface, so that the reactivity is low, and the adsorption of activated carbon is not sufficiently and efficiently performed at present.
【０００５】本発明は、かゝる実情に鑑みて成されたも
のであって、例えば塩素系ガスや硫黄酸化物等との反応
性を極めて高くしたカルシウム含有の多孔質炭素材料を
提供することを目的としている。The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and provides a calcium-containing porous carbon material having extremely high reactivity with, for example, chlorine-based gas and sulfur oxide. It is an object.
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記の目的を達成するた
めに、本発明によるカルシウム含有の多孔質炭素材料
は、植物性多孔質材料を水酸化カルシウムの溶液または
懸濁液に浸漬させた後に炭化させて、植物性多孔質材料
中の炭化組織内に、カルシウム系化合物を微細に高分散
させた点に特徴がある。In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, a calcium-containing porous carbon material according to the present invention is provided after immersing a vegetable porous material in a solution or suspension of calcium hydroxide. It is characterized in that the calcium compound is finely and highly dispersed in the carbonized tissue in the vegetable porous material by carbonization.
【０００７】即ち、植物性多孔質材料、例えば導管や仮
導管を有する一般の木材や、ヤシ繊維やジュート、麻、
ビンロウジュ等の連続気孔を有する植物繊維、その他、
藁や籾殻、竹などは、これらを炭化させると、例えば木
材では導管を作っている組織の微細な孔が多孔質化し、
ヤシ繊維などの植物繊維では連続気孔を形成している組
織が多孔質化し、更に、藁や籾殻、竹などについても繊
維組織が多孔質化して、膨大な表面積を有する多孔質の
炭素材料と化す。That is, vegetable porous materials such as ordinary wood having conduits and temporary conduits, coconut fiber, jute, hemp,
Vegetable fiber having continuous pores such as areca, etc.,
Straw, rice hulls, bamboo, etc., when carbonized, for example, in wood, the fine pores of the tissue making the conduit become porous,
In plant fibers such as coconut fibers, the structure forming continuous pores becomes porous, and the fiber structure of straw, rice hulls, bamboo, etc. also becomes porous, turning into a porous carbon material with a huge surface area. .
【０００８】一方、これらの植物性多孔質材料を炭化さ
せる前に、これを水酸化カルシウムの溶液または懸濁液
に浸漬させると、具体的には、ヤシ繊維やジュート、
麻、ビンロウジュ等の連続気孔を有する植物繊維や藁、
籾殻などの植物性多孔質材料については、これをそのま
ま用いて、水酸化カルシウムの溶液または懸濁液に浸漬
させると、その植物組織内にカルシウム系化合物を取り
込むことができる。[0008] On the other hand, if these plant porous materials are immersed in a solution or suspension of calcium hydroxide before carbonizing, specifically, coconut fibers, jute,
Plant fibers and straw having continuous pores such as hemp and areca,
When a plant porous material such as rice hulls is used as it is and immersed in a solution or suspension of calcium hydroxide, a calcium compound can be taken into the plant tissue.
【０００９】また、木材についても、これをチップ化し
たり木毛に加工したりして、或いは、おが屑を利用した
りして、これを水酸化カルシウムの溶液または懸濁液に
浸漬させると、導管や仮導管を作っている組織内の微細
な孔にカルシウム系化合物を取り込むことができるので
あり、また、竹についても同様であって、これらカルシ
ウム系化合物を取り込んだ植物性多孔質材料を炭化させ
ることで、植物性多孔質材料中の炭化組織内に、カルシ
ウム系化合物を微細に高分散させることができるのであ
る。[0009] Further, when wood is made into chips or processed into wood wool, or sawdust is used, and the wood is immersed in a solution or suspension of calcium hydroxide, a pipe is formed. And the calcium-based compound can be taken into the fine pores in the tissue that makes the temporary conduit, and the same is true for bamboo, which carbonizes the plant-based porous material incorporating these calcium-based compounds. Thus, the calcium-based compound can be finely and highly dispersed in the carbonized tissue in the vegetable porous material.
【００１０】従って、本発明によるカルシウム含有の多
孔質炭素材料を、例えば排ガス中の塩素系ガスの除去に
用いると、多孔質炭素材料のガス吸着特性と微細なカル
シウム化合物の高い反応性とによって、塩素系ガスを高
効率で除去できるのであり、これに加えて、植物性多孔
質材料の炭化組織における細孔径を計測したところ、こ
の孔径が１〜２ｎｍ付近に分布していることと、代表的
なダイオキシンの厚みが約０．３ｎｍであって、ダイオ
キシン類の吸着は、１〜２ｎｍの細孔を有する活性炭が
有効であるとされていることから、本発明のカルシウム
含有の多孔質炭素材料によれば、ダイオキシン類の吸着
も高効率で達成されるのである。Accordingly, when the calcium-containing porous carbon material according to the present invention is used, for example, for removing chlorine-based gas in exhaust gas, the porous carbon material has a high gas adsorption characteristic and a high reactivity of fine calcium compounds. The chlorine-based gas can be removed with high efficiency. In addition, when the pore diameter in the carbonized tissue of the plant porous material was measured, it was found that the pore diameter was distributed in the vicinity of 1 to 2 nm. The thickness of the dioxin is about 0.3 nm, and it is considered that activated carbon having pores of 1 to 2 nm is effective for the adsorption of dioxins. According to this, adsorption of dioxins is also achieved with high efficiency.
【００１１】また、本発明によるカルシウム含有の多孔
質炭素材料を燃焼時に使用すれば、ガス吸着特性と高い
反応性とによって、排ガス中の硫黄酸化物を硫酸カルシ
ウムとして高効率で除去できるのであり、このように除
去率が高いことは即ち、従来の活性炭と消石灰の粉末と
の混合物の使用量に比較して、本発明による多孔質炭素
材料の使用量を大幅に削減できるのであって、その分、
使用済の炭素材料の例えば埋め立て処理等が軽減される
ことになる。Further, when the calcium-containing porous carbon material according to the present invention is used in combustion, the sulfur oxides in the exhaust gas can be removed as calcium sulfate with high efficiency due to the gas adsorption characteristics and high reactivity. Such a high removal rate means that the use amount of the porous carbon material according to the present invention can be significantly reduced as compared with the use amount of the conventional mixture of activated carbon and slaked lime powder. ,
For example, the landfill treatment of the used carbon material is reduced.
【００１２】更に、カルシウム含有の多孔質炭素材料を
水質浄化のプロセスに用いると、カルシウムを含有する
ことで、トリハロメタン等の有機塩素系化合物の反応吸
着性が高まり、高効率での水質浄化も達成されるのであ
って、植物性多孔質材料として、ヤシ繊維やジュート、
麻などをコスト的に安価に入手できる上に、処理に苦慮
している間伐材や倒木材料、籾殻なども利用できること
から、本発明によるカルシウム含有の多孔質炭素材料に
よれば、ガス浄化や水質浄化にとって好適な材料がコス
ト的に安価に提供されるのである。Further, when a calcium-containing porous carbon material is used in a water purification process, the inclusion of calcium enhances the reactive adsorptivity of organic chlorine-based compounds such as trihalomethane and achieves high-efficiency water purification. It is a vegetable porous material, such as palm fiber and jute,
Since hemp and the like can be obtained at a low cost and thinning materials, fallen tree materials, and rice husks that are difficult to treat can also be used, the calcium-containing porous carbon material according to the present invention provides gas purification and water quality. Materials suitable for purification are provided at a low cost.
【００１３】[0013]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明の実施の形態を図面
に基づいて説明する。図１は例えば焼却炉１の煙道に接
続された排ガス処理設備の一部を示し、後述するカルシ
ウム含有の多孔質炭素材料２の投入手段３と、この多孔
質炭素材料２を捕捉するためのバグフィルター４とを備
えている。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows, for example, a part of an exhaust gas treatment facility connected to a flue of an incinerator 1, and a charging means 3 for a calcium-containing porous carbon material 2 to be described later and a device for capturing the porous carbon material 2. And a bag filter 4.
【００１４】カルシウム含有の多孔質炭素材料２は、セ
ルロースを主成分とする植物性多孔質材料を水酸化カル
シウムの溶液または懸濁液に浸漬させた後に炭化させた
ものであって、この炭化によって、植物性多孔質材料中
の炭化組織内に、カルシウム系化合物が微細に高分散さ
れることになる。The calcium-containing porous carbon material 2 is obtained by immersing a vegetable-based porous material mainly composed of cellulose in a solution or suspension of calcium hydroxide and then carbonizing the material. In addition, the calcium compound is finely and highly dispersed in the carbonized tissue of the vegetable porous material.
【００１５】詳しくは、植物性多孔質材料として、例え
ばヤシ繊維やジュート、麻、ビンロウジュ、更には、竹
や木材（間伐材、伐採木、廃木材など）、中でも好まし
くは吸水性の高い針葉樹を、チップ化したものや木毛に
加工したもの、更には、おが屑、藁、籾殻などを選択し
て、これを石灰水（水酸化カルシウムの溶液）または浸
漬後表面に石灰が付着しない程度の薄い石灰乳（水酸化
カルシウムの懸濁液）に３時間以上浸し、これを取り出
して後に乾燥し、一般的な炭化炉を用いて炭化させるの
であり、この際、石灰が表面に付着しない程度に植物性
多孔質材料を石灰乳に浸すのは、石灰が大きな粒子にな
って、反応性が低下することが判明しているからであ
る。More specifically, as the plant porous material, for example, coconut fiber, jute, hemp, areca, bamboo and wood (thinned wood, cut wood, waste wood, etc.), among which conifers having high water absorption are preferred. , Chips or processed into wood wool, as well as sawdust, straw, rice hulls, etc., which are lime water (a solution of calcium hydroxide) or so thin that lime does not adhere to the surface after immersion It is immersed in milk of lime (a suspension of calcium hydroxide) for 3 hours or more, taken out, dried and carbonized using a general carbonizing furnace. The porous material is soaked in lime milk because it has been found that lime becomes large particles and the reactivity decreases.
【００１６】炭化の温度範囲は、４００〜１３００℃と
し、好ましくは、６００〜１０００℃とするが、これ
は、４００℃付近の温度以下では、Ｃａ（ＯＨ）2 が分
解せずに、冷却後そのままＣａ（ＯＨ）2 が残ってしま
ったり、炭化が十分に進まなかったりするからである。The temperature range for carbonization is 400 to 1300 ° C., preferably 600 to 1000 ° C. At a temperature of around 400 ° C. or lower, Ca (OH) 2 does not decompose and after cooling, This is because Ca (OH) 2 remains as it is or carbonization does not proceed sufficiently.
【００１７】また、１３００℃付近の温度以上で炭化さ
せてもよいのであるが、これでは耐火物やエネルギーコ
ストが極めて高くなることから、１３００℃以下として
いるのであり、実験結果では、６００〜１０００℃の温
度範囲で、Ｃａ（ＯＨ）2 の分解が確実に起こり、か
つ、炭素材料の表面積も確実に大きくなることが判明し
ていることから、好適には、６００〜１０００℃の温度
範囲で炭化させるものとしているのであって、この温度
範囲で炭化させた炭素材料中のカルシウム化合物は、主
にＣａＣＯ3 が主体となっており、反応性を高める上
で、Ｃａとして１％以上を含ませることが必要であると
考える。The carbonization may be performed at a temperature of about 1300 ° C. or higher. However, since the refractory and energy costs are extremely high, the temperature is set to 1300 ° C. or lower. It has been found that the decomposition of Ca (OH) 2 surely occurs in the temperature range of 600C and the surface area of the carbon material surely increases. The calcium compound in the carbon material carbonized in this temperature range is mainly composed of CaCO 3 , and contains 1% or more as Ca in order to enhance the reactivity. Think that it is necessary.
【００１８】具体的に、赤松のチップ（厚さ１ｍｍで５
ｍｍ角）１００ｇを１０リットルの石灰水に３時間浸漬
させ、１１０℃で半日乾燥させた後、９００℃で炭化さ
せたところ、原料中のＣａ（ＯＨ）2 は主としてＣａＣ
Ｏ3 が主体となっており、炭素材料中にはＣａとして約
６％を含有していた。Specifically, Akamatsu chips (1 mm thick and 5 mm thick)
(mm square) 100 g was immersed in 10 liters of lime water for 3 hours, dried at 110 ° C for half a day, and then carbonized at 900 ° C. Ca (OH) 2 in the raw material was mainly CaC
O 3 was the main component, and the carbon material contained about 6% as Ca.
【００１９】更に、ヤシ繊維についても、同様にして石
灰水に浸漬後、炭化させたところ、Ｃａとして約７％を
含有する炭素材料を得たのであり、このＣａの含有量が
多い理由は、ヤシ繊維は吸水性が高いことに加えて、顕
微鏡写真を図面化した図２に照らして明らかなように、
ヤシ繊維ａは、その表面に、歪で複雑な形状の筋状の凹
溝ｂを多数有する上に、複雑な形状の大小様々な窪みｃ
を有し、更に、図示はしないが、大小様々な連続細孔を
中空状に有して、炭化組織全体の表面積が膨大であるこ
とから、その炭化組織内にＣａＣＯ3 （カルシウム系化
合物）ｄが微細に高分散されることとなり、これによっ
て、赤松のチップに比べてＣａの含有量が多なっている
のである。Further, the palm fiber was similarly immersed in lime water and carbonized to obtain a carbon material containing about 7% as Ca. The reason for the large Ca content is as follows. In addition to the high water absorption of the coconut fiber, as apparent from FIG.
The coconut fiber a has a large number of strained concave grooves b having a complicated shape on the surface thereof, and various concaves and convexes c having a complicated shape.
In addition, although not shown, the surface of the entire carbonized structure is enormous by having hollow pores of various sizes large and small, so that CaCO 3 (calcium compound) d is contained in the carbonized structure. Are finely and highly dispersed, thereby increasing the Ca content as compared with the Akamatsu chips.
【００２０】これらの炭化物０．５ｇを石英ガラス管中
に置き、ＨＣｌ６００ｐｐｍのガスを２００℃で１時間
通過させた時のＨＣｌ吸収量を測定した。比較として焼
却炉用の活性炭３０％入り消石灰においても同様な試験
を行った。0.5 g of these carbides were placed in a quartz glass tube, and the amount of HCl absorbed when 600 ppm of HCl was passed at 200 ° C. for 1 hour was measured. As a comparison, the same test was performed on slaked lime containing 30% activated carbon for incinerators.
【００２１】その結果、ＨＣｌ吸収量は、本発明品であ
るカルシウム含有の多孔質炭素材料２は、赤松のチップ
で５４％、ヤシ繊維で８３％を吸収したのに対して、活
性炭入り消石灰では５２％であった。As a result, the absorption amount of HCl was as follows. The calcium-containing porous carbon material 2 of the present invention absorbed 54% of red pine chips and 83% of coconut fibers, whereas slaked lime containing activated carbon did not. 52%.
【００２２】この実験結果から明らかなように、ヤシ繊
維ａによるカルシウム含有の多孔質炭素材料２を、例え
ば排ガス中の塩素系ガスの除去に用いると、多孔質炭素
材料２のガス吸着特性と微細なカルシウム化合物の高い
反応性とによって、排ガス中の塩素系ガスを高効率で除
去することができる。As is apparent from the experimental results, when the calcium-containing porous carbon material 2 using the palm fiber a is used, for example, for removing chlorine-based gas in exhaust gas, the gas adsorption characteristics of the porous carbon material 2 and the fineness Due to the high reactivity of the calcium compound, the chlorine-based gas in the exhaust gas can be removed with high efficiency.
【００２３】或いは、ヤシ繊維ａによるカルシウム含有
の多孔質炭素材料２を例えば焼却炉に投入して、燃焼時
に使用すれば、ガス吸着特性と高い反応性とによって、
排ガス中の硫黄酸化物を硫酸カルシウムとして高効率で
除去できるのであり、更に、水質浄化のプロセスに用い
ると、多孔質炭素材料２がカルシウムを含有すること
で、トリハロメタン等の有機塩素系化合物の反応吸着性
が高まり、高効率での水質浄化も達成されるのである。Alternatively, if the porous carbon material 2 containing calcium by the coconut fiber a is put into, for example, an incinerator and used at the time of combustion, the gas adsorption characteristics and the high reactivity may cause
Sulfur oxides in the exhaust gas can be removed as calcium sulfate with high efficiency. Further, when used in a water purification process, the porous carbon material 2 contains calcium, so that the reaction of organic chlorine-based compounds such as trihalomethane can be prevented. The adsorptivity is enhanced, and water purification with high efficiency is also achieved.
【００２４】一方、赤松のチップによるカルシウム含有
の多孔質炭素材料２については、活性炭入り消石灰と同
じ程度のＨＣｌを吸収することから、この赤松のチップ
によるカルシウム含有の多孔質炭素材料２は、活性炭入
り消石灰の代替え品として好適に用いることができるの
であり、勿論、この多孔質炭素材料２は、排ガス中の脱
硫や水質浄化にも大きな効果をもたらすことに変わりは
ない。On the other hand, the calcium-containing porous carbon material 2 formed by the Akamatsu chips absorbs the same amount of HCl as slaked lime containing activated carbon. The porous carbon material 2 can be suitably used as a substitute for slaked lime, and the porous carbon material 2 still has a great effect on desulfurization and water purification in exhaust gas.
【００２５】加えて、従来の活性炭入り消石灰では、バ
グフィルター４への付着が多くて集塵能力が低下し易い
のに比較して、本発明によるカルシウム含有の多孔質炭
素材料２は、バグフィルター４への付着が大幅に低減さ
れるのであって、集塵能力の低下が抑止される上に、多
孔質炭素材料２の回収が容易である点でも機能的に優れ
る。In addition, in the case of slaked lime containing conventional activated carbon, the calcium-containing porous carbon material 2 according to the present invention is different from the bag filter 4 in that the adhesion to the bag filter 4 is large and the dust collecting ability is easily reduced. 4 is greatly reduced, the reduction of the dust collecting capability is suppressed, and the porous carbon material 2 is easily recovered.
【００２６】[0026]
【発明の効果】以上説明したように本発明によれば、多
孔質の炭素材料中にカルシウム系化合物を微細に高分散
させた反応性の高い材料、即ち、例えば排ガス中の塩素
系ガスや硫黄酸化物等を高効率で除去できる上に、水質
浄化も高効率で達成される好適な材料が、コスト的に安
価に提供される。As described above, according to the present invention, a highly reactive material in which a calcium-based compound is finely and highly dispersed in a porous carbon material, for example, chlorine-based gas or sulfur in exhaust gas Suitable materials that can remove oxides and the like with high efficiency and also achieve high quality water purification can be provided at low cost.
【図１】排ガス処理設備の一部の構成図である。FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a part of an exhaust gas treatment facility.
【図２】顕微鏡写真を図面化し、かつ、その一部を取り
出して拡大図示したヤシ繊維表面の模式図である。FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a coconut fiber surface in which a microphotograph is drawn and a part thereof is taken out and enlarged and illustrated.
ａ…植物性多孔質材料、ｄ…カルシウム系化合物。 a: vegetable porous material; d: calcium-based compound.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (51)Int.Cl.7 識別記号 ＦＩ テーマコート゛(参考） Ｂ０１Ｄ 53/50 Ｂ０１Ｄ 53/34 １２２Ｚ 53/70 １３４Ｅ Ｂ０１Ｊ 20/20 (72)発明者 岡 博之 岡山県津山市高尾590番地の１ 日本植生 株式会社内 (72)発明者 川崎 仁士 岡山県津山市高尾590番地の１ 日本植生 株式会社内 Ｆターム(参考） 4C080 AA05 BB02 CC01 HH05 KK08 MM02 MM05 4D002 AA02 AA19 AA21 BA03 BA04 BA14 CA07 DA05 DA12 DA41 DA70 EA06 GA01 GA02 GB02 GB03 GB08 GB11 GB12 HA03 HA06 4G046 CA00 CB05 CB08 CC03 CC05 HA01 HA02 HC06 4G066 AA04B AA17A AA17B AA43B AC02A BA22 CA23 CA31 CA33 DA02 DA07 FA12 FA34──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. 7 Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) B01D 53/50 B01D 53/34 122Z 53/70 134E B01J 20/20 (72) Inventor Hiroyuki Oka Tsuyama, Okayama (72) Inventor Hitoshi Kawasaki 590-1 Takao, Tsuyama City, Okayama Prefecture F-term (reference) 4C080 AA05 BB02 CC01 HH05 KK08 MM02 MM05 4D002 AA02 AA19 AA21 BA03 BA04 BA14 CA07 DA05 DA12 DA41 DA70 EA06 GA01 GA02 GB02 GB03 GB08 GB11 GB12 HA03 HA06 4G046 CA00 CB05 CB08 CC03 CC05 HA01 HA02 HC06 4G066 AA04B AA17A AA17B AA43B AC02A BA22 CA23 CA31 CA33 DA02 DA07 FA12 FA34
Claims (2)
溶液または懸濁液に浸漬させた後に炭化させて、植物性
多孔質材料中の炭化組織内に、カルシウム系化合物を微
細に高分散させて成ることを特徴とするカルシウム含有
の多孔質炭素材料。Claims 1. A vegetable-based porous material is immersed in a solution or a suspension of calcium hydroxide and then carbonized to finely and highly disperse a calcium-based compound in a carbonized tissue in the vegetable-based porous material. A calcium-containing porous carbon material characterized by comprising:
１３００℃の範囲、好ましくは、６００〜１０００℃の
範囲である請求項１に記載されたカルシウム含有の多孔
質炭素材料。2. The carbonization temperature of the vegetable porous material is 400 to 400.
The calcium-containing porous carbon material according to claim 1, wherein the temperature is in the range of 1300C, preferably in the range of 600 to 1000C.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP12725099A JP3566884B2 (en) | 1999-05-07 | 1999-05-07 | Calcium-containing porous carbon material |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP12725099A JP3566884B2 (en) | 1999-05-07 | 1999-05-07 | Calcium-containing porous carbon material |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| JP2000319011A true JP2000319011A (en) | 2000-11-21 |
| JP3566884B2 JP3566884B2 (en) | 2004-09-15 |
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ID=14955414
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| JP12725099A Expired - Lifetime JP3566884B2 (en) | 1999-05-07 | 1999-05-07 | Calcium-containing porous carbon material |
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| Country | Link |
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