JP2000310577A - Leakage amount measurement device and leakage amount measurement method - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Problem] To provide a quick and accurate quantitative grasp of the shape and area of a leaked part on site and to measure the leak amount with high accuracy after the stoppage of the leak. SOLUTION: The video observation device 1 and the sound measurement device 2 measure the sound and the image of the leaked fluid, and the feature amount extraction device 3 extracts the sound and the image feature amount of the leaked fluid. Then, based on the extracted one or a plurality of characteristic amounts, the leakage amount searching device 4 uses the leakage pressure or temperature,
A database relating to the amount of leakage created for each phase state, area and shape of the leaking part, etc. is searched. This makes it possible to measure the amount of leakage, which is difficult with video observation or sound measurement alone, with high accuracy. In addition, the search result of the leak amount, the shape and area of the leak portion, and the leak image are displayed and stored, and the leak amount is quickly and accurately grasped.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a plant, a factory,
The present invention relates to a leak amount measuring device and a leak amount measuring method for measuring a leak amount when a fluid leaks at various sites such as a mine and a work site.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art For example, a technique for detecting and judging fluid leakage in a plant on the spot is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-281104, "Plant Abnormality Inspection Device", and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 6-331480, "Leakage detection method and method". Apparatus "and JP-A-7-333171," Leakage detection method and apparatus ".

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-281104 discloses a "plant abnormality inspection device" in which a gas sensor 20 and an infrared camera 21 or a television camera 22 are mounted on a direction setting means (turning device) 23 as shown in FIG. The means 23 is controlled by the control means 24, and when the output of the gas sensor 20 exceeds the reference value, the image captured by the infrared camera 21 or the television camera 22 is image-processed by the image processing means 25. As a result,
An alarm is issued when the presence of an abnormal heating object or an abnormal appearance of the object is confirmed. As a result, a wide range of plants can be inspected accurately in a short time.

The present apparatus detects and determines liquid leakage in accordance with, for example, a flowchart shown in FIG. First, in step ST1, the turning device 23 is turned to scan the gas sensor 20 and the infrared camera 21. If the gas sensor 20 exceeds the reference value in step ST2, the process proceeds to step ST3, and the turning operation is stopped. Then, in step ST4 and step ST5, the infrared camera 21
Operates and the output video is image-processed by the image processing means 25. If an abnormal heat generating object is recognized in step ST6, an alarm is generated in step ST7. on the other hand,
If no abnormal heat-generating object is recognized, step ST
At 8, the infrared camera 21 is stopped, and the process returns to step ST1.

In Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. Hei 6-331480, “Leakage detection method and device”, as shown in FIG. 22, a visible camera 27 and an infrared camera 28 for capturing an image of a monitoring target 26 are switched by a camera switching unit 29. The visible camera 27 captures a visible image of the monitoring target 26 and
At 8, a thermal image of the monitoring target 26 is captured. The arithmetic unit 30 stores the captured visible image and thermal image in the image memory 31 and performs an arithmetic operation such as a difference process and a binarization process on the visible image and the thermal image, thereby causing the visible image and the thermal image to be associated with fluid leakage. The abnormality is detected as a binary image. The abnormality determination unit 32 determines the type of abnormality by comparing the areas of the binary images, and outputs the determination result to the display unit 33. As a result, it is possible to automatically determine the type of abnormality associated with fluid leakage in the monitoring device for equipment in the plant using the image.

The present apparatus detects and determines liquid leakage in accordance with, for example, a flowchart shown in FIG. First, in step 10A, a visible object is photographed by the visible camera 27, and a difference process and a binarization process of the visible image are performed to obtain a binarized visible image of the visible image. Similarly, in step 10B, a binary thermal image of the thermal image by the infrared camera 28 is obtained. Then, in step 10C, it is determined whether or not the area of both binarized images is equal to or larger than a predetermined value. If the difference is equal to or smaller than the predetermined value, the process proceeds to step 10E, and it is determined that there is no abnormality. If the value is equal to or larger than the predetermined value, the area comparison between the binarized visible image and the binarized thermal image is performed in step 10D. When the area of the binarized visible image is large, the process proceeds to step 10G, and it is determined that the leakage is non-heating. On the other hand, when the area of the binarized thermal image is large, the process proceeds to step 10F, and it is determined that the exothermic leakage occurs.

In Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. Hei 7-333171, “Leakage detection method and device”, a visible camera 27 captures a visible image of a monitoring target 26 as shown in FIG. The captured visible image is input to the arithmetic unit 30 via the image input unit 34 and stored in the image memory 31. The difference cycle setting unit 35 sets a difference cycle of the difference processing. The calculation unit 30 performs calculations such as a difference process and a binarization process using the captured image.
An abnormality is detected as a binary image from the visible image due to fluid leakage. The abnormality determination unit 32 determines the type of abnormality by comparing the areas of the binary images, and outputs the determination result to the display unit 33. This makes it possible to automatically determine the type of abnormality associated with fluid leakage in a monitoring device for equipment in a plant using images.

The present apparatus detects and determines liquid leakage in accordance with, for example, a flowchart shown in FIG. First, in step 10A, the monitoring object 26 is photographed by the visible camera 27, a difference process is performed with a short difference cycle of about 100 ns, and a binarization process is performed to obtain a binarized image of the visible image. Then, the area of the binarized image is obtained. In step 10B, the difference processing is performed at a long difference cycle of about 1 s,
The area of the binarized image is obtained in the same manner as in Step 10A. At step 10C, it is determined whether or not the area of the binarized image is equal to or larger than a predetermined value. If the area is smaller than the predetermined value, the process proceeds to step 10E and it is determined that there is no abnormality. If the area is equal to or larger than the predetermined value, the process proceeds to step 10D, where the areas of the binarized images obtained in step 10A and step 10B are compared.
If the area obtained in step 10A is large, step 1
At 0 G, it is determined that the time constant of the state change such as water leakage is short. On the other hand, when the area obtained in step 10B is large, it is determined in step 10F that the time constant of a state change such as a steam leak is abnormal.

[0009]

However, the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-281104, entitled "Plant Abnormality Inspection Apparatus,"
331480, “Leakage detection method and device”, JP-A-7-3
No. 33171, “Leakage detection method and device”, does not allow the amount of leaked fluid to be determined.

That is, since leakage of a fluid is detected by an infrared camera or a visible camera and image processing such as differential processing is performed, it is possible to quickly judge the leakage of a small amount of fluid or a leakage medium at the site, and it is difficult for a person to detect a leakage state. Although the leak can be recorded as an image effective for visual grasp, the leak amount of the leaked fluid cannot be grasped.

As described above, in the conventional technology, the inspector has
It is not possible to quickly ascertain the amount of leaked fluid at the site of the leak. In addition, even after the leakage is stopped, the amount of leakage cannot be measured with high accuracy.

An object of the present invention is to provide a leak amount measuring apparatus and a leak amount measuring method capable of quickly and accurately quantifying the shape and area of a leak portion on site and measuring the leak amount with high accuracy after the stop of the leak. It is in.

[0013]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a leak amount measuring apparatus for observing an image of a leaked fluid, an acoustic measuring apparatus for measuring sound of the leaked fluid, an image observing apparatus, A feature amount extraction device that extracts the feature amount of the leaked fluid from the output of the acoustic measurement device, and one or more extracted feature amounts are created for each fluid pressure, temperature, phase state, area and shape of the leaked part, etc. A leakage amount searching device for searching a database relating to the leaked amount to obtain the leaked amount.

In the present invention, the sound and the image of the leaked fluid are measured by the video observation device and the acoustic measuring device, and the feature of the leaked fluid is extracted by the feature extracting device. Then, by using one or a plurality of extracted feature amounts, the leak amount searching device searches a database relating to the leak amount created for each of the pressure and temperature of the leaked fluid, the phase state, the area and the shape of the leak portion, and the like. In addition, the leak amount measurement, which is difficult with the image observation or the sound measurement alone, is performed with high accuracy. Further, by displaying and storing the search result of the leak amount, the shape and area of the leak portion, and the leak image, the leak can be quickly and accurately grasped.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a leak amount measuring device,
The leak amount is numerically analyzed from the damage state of the leak part and the plant instrumentation output.

According to the present invention, the leakage amount can be obtained with high accuracy by performing a numerical analysis from the damage state of the leaked part observed by the damage state observation means and the plant instrumentation output after the leakage of the leaked fluid is stopped. In addition, by displaying and storing the shape and area of the leaked part on the leak amount search device as a result of the analysis of the leak amount, the leak amount and the damage state can be quickly and accurately grasped.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the leak amount measuring device according to the first aspect, the video observation device observes one or both of a visible image and an infrared image.

According to the present invention, there is provided a video observation device capable of observing one or both of a visible image and an infrared image of a leaked fluid. As a result, an effective feature amount can be extracted from the video output according to the type, temperature, pressure, and phase state of the leakage medium.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the leak amount measuring device according to the first or third aspect, the characteristic amount extracting device extracts a region where the density of the leaked fluid changes with time. I do.

In the present invention, a region where the density of the leaked fluid changes with time is extracted from the output image of the image observation device and is used as a feature amount. As a result, even a small amount of leakage can be extracted as a feature amount, and an effective feature amount can be obtained from the video output of the video observation device.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the leakage amount measuring device according to the first or third aspect, the image observation device is provided with illumination means to observe a still image.

According to the present invention, there is provided an image observing apparatus for observing a still image of a leaked fluid, provided with an illuminating means. As a result, a highly sensitive still image of the leaked fluid can be observed compared to a video observation device that observes a moving image, and an effective feature can be obtained from the video output of the video observation device even in the case of a small leak. .

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a leakage amount measuring apparatus according to any one of the first to third aspects.
In the invention according to the above mode, the feature amount extracting device extracts an acoustic spectrum as a feature amount.

According to the present invention, the acoustic spectrum of the leaked fluid output from the acoustic measuring device can be used as the characteristic amount. As a result, since the acoustic spectrum does not depend on the distance to the leaking portion, an effective feature amount can be obtained from the sound output of the acoustic measurement device regardless of the distance to the leaking portion.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided a leakage amount measuring apparatus according to any one of the first to third aspects.
In the invention according to the above mode, the feature quantity extracting device obtains a distance to a leak portion by sound and performs a distance calibration of a sound output of the sound measuring device.

In the present invention, the distance from the sound of the leaked part to the leaked part is obtained, and the distance calibration of the sound output of the sound measuring device is performed. As a result, an effective feature can be obtained from the sound output of the sound measuring device regardless of the distance to the leak portion.

[0027] The leakage amount measuring apparatus according to the eighth aspect of the present invention is any one of the first or third to seventh aspects.
In the invention according to the above mode, the feature amount extraction device selects an acoustic frequency suitable for measuring the amount of leakage from a video output of the video observation device that observes a video of the leaked fluid.

According to the present invention, the situation of an obstacle that is obstructed when performing sound measurement is grasped from the image output of the image observation device that observes the image of the leaked fluid, and an acoustic frequency suitable for measuring the amount of leakage is selected. As a result, an effective sound output can be obtained from the sound measurement device regardless of the state of the obstacle.

According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for measuring a leakage amount, comprising the steps of: an image observation step of observing an image of a leaked fluid; an acoustic measurement step of measuring the sound of the leaked fluid; A feature amount extraction step of extracting the feature amount of the leaked fluid, and a database relating to the leak amount created for each of the fluid pressure, temperature, phase state, area and shape of the leaked part, etc. by one or more extracted feature amounts. It is characterized by comprising a leak amount searching step of searching for a leak amount and a leak amount calculating step of obtaining a leak amount due to a leak event from the leak amount and the leak time.

In the present invention, the sound and the image of the leaked fluid are measured in the image observing step and the sound measuring step, and the characteristic amount of the sound and the image of the leaked fluid is extracted in the characteristic amount extracting step. Then, based on the extracted one or more characteristic amounts, a database relating to the leak amount created for each of the pressure, temperature, phase state, area and shape of the leaked part of the leaked fluid is searched, and video observation or sound measurement is performed. Can be performed with high accuracy, which is difficult to measure by itself. In the leakage amount calculation step, the series of steps are repeatedly performed to sequentially determine the leakage amount at fixed time intervals, and the total leakage amount due to the leakage event is determined by integrating the leakage amount during the leakage time. Further, by displaying and storing the search result of the leak amount, the shape and area of the leak portion, and the leak image, the leak can be quickly and accurately grasped.

A method for measuring the amount of leakage according to a tenth aspect of the present invention is the method according to the ninth aspect, wherein a damage state observing step of observing a damage state of the leaked part after the leakage of the leaked fluid is stopped, and a damage state of the leaked part and the plant. A leakage amount analyzing step of numerically analyzing a leakage amount from an instrumentation output.

In the present invention, the leakage amount can be obtained with high accuracy by performing a numerical analysis from the damage state of the leaked part observed in the damage state observation step and the plant instrumentation output after the stoppage of the leakage of the leaked fluid. In addition, by displaying and storing the shape and area of the leaked part on the leak amount search device as a result of the analysis of the leak amount, the leak amount and the damage state can be quickly and accurately grasped.

The method for measuring the amount of leakage according to the eleventh aspect of the present invention includes a leakage amount analyzing step of obtaining a leakage amount by numerically analyzing a fluid pressure, a temperature, a phase state, an area and a shape of a leaking part, etc. A video observation step of observing an image of the fluid, an acoustic measurement step of measuring the sound of the leaked fluid, a feature quantity extraction step of extracting a feature quantity of the leaked fluid from the outputs of the video observation apparatus and the sound measurement apparatus, and the database A leak amount searching step of searching for a leak amount from one or a plurality of feature amounts of video or sound using the same, a leak amount calculating step of calculating a leak amount from a plant instrumentation output, and an external damage of a leak portion. A leak amount determining step of observing a state and numerically analyzing the leak amount; and a leak amount using one or more of the leak amount analyzing step, the leak amount searching step, the leak amount calculating step, and the leak amount determining step. And determining the leakage amount total determination step, characterized in that a leakage amount display step of displaying the determination result of the amount of leakage comprehensive judgment process.

In the present invention, the fluid pressure, temperature,
Numerical analysis of leak amount based on phase state, shape and area of leak part, search of leak amount database using one or more features of video and sound, numerical value of leak amount based on plant instrumentation output The leak amount can be obtained by each of the methods of analysis and numerical analysis of the leak amount based on the appearance damage state of the leak portion. Then, by combining one or more of these methods, the leakage amount of the leakage fluid can be obtained with high accuracy.

A leakage amount measuring method according to a twelfth aspect of the present invention is the method according to the eleventh aspect, further comprising a leakage amount analyzing step of observing a breakage state of the leakage part after stopping the leakage and numerically analyzing the leakage amount. The method for measuring a leakage amount of a leakage fluid according to claim 11, wherein

According to the present invention, in addition to the process method of the invention of claim 11, there is a step of observing the damage state of the leaked part after the stop of the leak and numerically analyzing the leak amount. Accordingly, the leakage amount of the leakage fluid can be obtained with high accuracy.

[0037]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below. FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a leak amount measuring device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. This first embodiment corresponds to claims 1 and 9.

In FIG. 1, an image of the leaked fluid 6 of the plant equipment 5 is observed by the video observation device 1, and the sound of the leaked fluid 6 is measured by the acoustic measuring device 2. Output signals of the video observation device 1 and the acoustic measurement device 2 are input to the feature extraction device 3, which extracts the feature of the leaked fluid 6. In the leakage amount search device 4, the feature amount extraction device 3
Based on one or a plurality of feature amounts extracted in the above, a database on a leak amount prepared in advance for each of fluid pressure, temperature, phase state, area and shape of a leak portion, etc. is searched to obtain a leak amount. ing.

The video observation device 1 is constituted by a photographing device for photographing a visible image of the leaked fluid 6. Here, a digital video camera is used. The video output from the digital video camera is converted to an NTSC (National Television System Committee) signal and transmitted to the feature extraction device 3 via a cable. The digital video camera is not limited in performance such as the number of pixels and the angle of view, and various digital video cameras can be applied. Also, not limited to digital video cameras,
Any device that can capture a visible image, such as a solid-state image sensor such as a CCD camera or a CMOS camera, or an electron tube, is applicable.

The sound measuring device 2 is constituted by a microphone that collects sound generated when a fluid leaks. The microphone is a non-directional condenser microphone having a frequency characteristic of 20 to 100 [kHz] and a diameter of 1/4 inch. The sound output is AD-converted by an AD converter provided in the sound measurement device 2 and transmitted to the feature value extraction device 3 via a cable. The AD converter has a sampling frequency of 10 [MHz],
Resolution: 12 [bit]. The microphone and AD converter can be appropriately selected according to the frequency and sound pressure of the noise on site and the sound frequency and sound pressure at the time of leakage. Also,
Using a plurality of microphones, it is also possible to strictly identify the leak site from the sound propagation direction.

The feature extraction device 3 is composed of a video and audio input unit and a general-purpose computer. Also,
The feature amount extraction device 3 can be made compact and lightweight by manufacturing a dedicated processing device. The computer constituting the feature amount extraction device 3 is a video observation device 1 for a certain time: Δt seconds.
And a storage function for storing the video output and the audio output of the acoustic measurement device 2, a function of displaying the output of the video observation device 1 and the output of the acoustic measurement device 2 on the display screen of the leak amount search device 4, and a video output of the video observation device 1. A function of performing image processing to determine a leakage medium and a phase state, and extract a feature amount of a video,
It has a function of performing signal processing on the sound output of the sound measurement device 2 to extract sound feature amounts. Δt can be set arbitrarily, and here Δt = 1/30 seconds. The video output and the audio output are stored in a hard disk incorporated in the feature extraction device 3 or an external hard disk. Further, the data can be stored in a medium such as a floppy disk, a magneto-optical disk, a smart media, and a memory card.

The leakage medium and the phase state of the leaked fluid 6 are stored in advance in the feature quantity extraction device 3 by storing the medium and the phase state flowing in each pipe and part from the output image of the image observation device 1 and the leakage location and the phase state. The leak site can be specified and identified.

The feature amount of the image includes the leakage fluid 6 in the image.
Area, injection length of leaked fluid 6 indicating the momentum of leak, diffusion angle indicating degree of spread of leak, leaked fluid 6 photographed in video
Average luminance and luminance distribution. Here, each characteristic amount will be described with reference to a leakage image of the leakage fluid 6 shown in FIG.

The area of the leaked fluid 6 is the leaked area of the leaked fluid 6 shown in FIG. The leakage area is obtained by extracting a luminance region having a certain threshold or more or a luminance region surrounded by a certain change rate or more from a luminance histogram of an image, a luminance profile in a vertical direction or a horizontal direction of the image, or the like.

The injection length of the leaked fluid 6 is a characteristic quantity indicating the momentum of the leak, and is the maximum length in the injection direction shown in FIG. The injection length is obtained from the leakage area and is the maximum length of the leakage area in the injection direction. The divergence angle is a characteristic amount indicating the degree of spread of the leak, and is assumed to be the spread angle in the injection direction shown in FIG. The divergence angle is
Similar to the injection length, it is obtained from the leakage area and is set as the spread angle in the injection direction.

The average brightness of the leaked fluid 6 is the average brightness of the leaked area, and the brightness distribution is the brightness distribution of the leaked area. The average luminance is obtained by averaging the luminance values of the leakage area, and the luminance distribution is the luminance distribution itself within the leakage area.

On the other hand, acoustic features include sound pressure and acoustic spectrum of leaked sound. In the present embodiment, the divergence angle is defined as a feature amount of an image, and the sound pressure is defined as a feature amount of sound.

The leakage amount search device 4 is composed of a general-purpose computer like the feature amount extraction device 3. The leak amount searching device 4 is connected to the feature amount extracting device 3 by a cable, and stores a database relating to the leak amount created for each of fluid pressure, temperature, phase state, area and shape of the leaking part, and the like. In addition, a monitor for displaying the result of the leak amount search, the shape and area of the leaked portion, and a hard disk for storing the monitor are provided.

The database includes parameters such as the shape and area of the leaking part, the leaking medium, the leaking pressure, the temperature, and the phase state.
Accumulate as much leakage data as possible. At the time of creating a database, leak amount data is created by empirically selecting a part and a condition that are likely to leak. For example, in a power plant, equipment piping, a flange part, etc. are mentioned as parts with a high possibility of leakage. Leakage in this case is limited to the pinholes in the pipes and the part where the flange seal is defective, and the shape and area of the leaked part are also limited. In addition, the phase state inside the pipe or the flange is known from the heat balance of the plant during normal operation, or measured at some places. On the other hand, the characteristic amount related to video and sound at each leakage flow rate is obtained by actually generating leakage under the same conditions as in the numerical analysis.

FIG. 3 shows a part of the database according to the first embodiment in which the divergence angle is used as the image feature and the sound pressure is used as the sound feature. FIG. 3 shows an example in which the leakage fluid 6 is saturated water, the leakage pressure is 7 [MPa], and the shape of the leakage portion is a pinhole. In this case, the plant equipment 5 where the leakage occurs is a flange packing part of the steam turbine system piping in the power plant.
Then, it is assumed that a pinhole-shaped leaking part having a diameter of 0.2 [mm] is formed by the corrosion. The leakage fluid 6 is saturated water, and the leakage amount is 9.0 × 10 ^-2 [L / m]. In addition, the installation place of the leak amount measuring device is not limited to the power plant, and can be applied to various plants, factories, buildings, work sites, mines, and other sites. In addition to the flange portion, a switching valve, a shutoff valve, a control valve. The amount of leakage can be measured from various parts such as various valves, pipes, and joints. The leaked fluid 6 from which the leak amount can be measured is not limited to saturated water, and may be various fluids.

The operation of the leakage measuring device according to the first embodiment configured as described above will be described. When saturated water leaks from the flange packing of the steam turbine piping in the power plant, the video observation device 1 and the sound measurement device 2
Work simultaneously.

The image observation device 1 observes an image of the leaked fluid 6 every 1/30 second. The video output of the video observation device 1 is converted to an NTSC signal and transmitted by a cable.
It is input to the feature extraction device 3. On the other hand, the acoustic measurement device 2
Then, the leak sound of the leaked fluid 6 at the same time as the observation time of the video is observed using the operation signal of the video observation device 1 as a trigger signal. The acoustic output of the acoustic measurement device 2 is AD-converted by an AD converter, transmitted by a cable, and input to the feature extraction device 3.

The feature amount extracting device 3 records the leaked video and transmits the leaked video to the monitor of the leaked amount searching device 4 via a cable to display the leaked video on the screen. FIG. 4 shows a leakage image of the leakage fluid 6 displayed on the display screen of the leakage amount search device 4.
Shown in

Then, in the feature amount extracting device 3, for a leaked image sequentially transmitted at an observation time of 1/30 second, determination of a leak medium and a phase state and extraction of a divergence angle which is a feature amount of the image are performed. Will be Further, a sound pressure, which is a feature amount of the sound, is extracted. The determination of the phase state is very important because the speed of sound varies depending on the phase state. In the leak image shown in FIG. 4, since the leak is at the flange packing portion of the steam turbine piping in the power plant, the leak medium is saturated water, and the phase state is liquid.
Further, the divergence angle: 18 [°], which is the feature amount of the image, and the sound pressure: 66 [dB] are obtained. The leaked video, leaked medium, phase state, divergence angle, and feature value of sound pressure extracted every 1/30 second are sequentially transmitted to the leak amount search device 4 via a cable.

The leak amount search device 4 searches the leak amount database for the leak amount that most closely matches the leak medium and phase state: saturated water, divergence angle: 18 [°], and sound pressure: 66 [dB]. As a result of the search, the leakage amount is 9.0 × 10 ^-2 [L / m]. Further, since the leakage amount database shown in FIG. 3 is obtained for each shape and area of the leaked part, the shape and area of the leaked part can be determined. Then, the result of the leak amount search, and the shape and area of the leaked part are displayed on the monitor of the leak amount search device 4.

As a result of the operation described above, the video observation device 1
The sound measurement device 2 can measure the leaked image and the leaked sound of the leaked fluid 6 at the same time. Then, the feature amount extraction device 3 can determine the leakage medium and the phase state from the observed image, and can extract sound and image feature amounts effective for leakage amount estimation from the observed image and the measured sound. The feature amount includes the area of the leaked fluid 6 in the video, the ejection length, the diffusion angle, the average brightness and the brightness distribution, the sound pressure of the sound, the sound spectrum, and the like, and an effective feature amount can be appropriately selected. .

Then, the leak amount searching device 4 searches the leak amount database obtained for each of the shape and area of the leaked portion, the leak medium, the phase state, and the leak pressure using one or a plurality of image and sound feature amounts. By doing so, the amount of leakage, the shape and area of the leakage part can be sequentially obtained with high accuracy.

Further, the leaked image and the search result of the leak amount output from the video observation device 1 at a fixed time interval are displayed on the screen and stored in the leak amount searching device 4 so that the inspector can quickly and accurately check the leaked fluid 6. Can be quantitatively grasped.

Next, a description will be given of the operation of the leak amount measuring method of the leak amount measuring apparatus according to the first embodiment. The leakage is at the flange packing portion of the steam turbine piping in the power plant, but it usually takes about 10 hours to stop the plant and stop the leakage. For this reason, it is important to grasp the total leak amount that leaks in about 10 hours after the leak is discovered until the leak stops.

When the leak amount measuring device is operated simultaneously with the discovery of the leak, the leaked video and the leaked sound are output from the video observing device 1 and the sound measuring device 2 every 1/30 second and transmitted to the feature amount extracting device 3. . Then, in the feature amount extraction device 3,
Judgment of the leakage medium and the phase state, extraction of the divergence angle and sound pressure, which are the characteristic amounts of video and sound, video recording, and display on the monitor of the leakage amount searching device 4 are performed every 1/30 second.

The leak amount searching device 4 searches the leak amount database for the leak amount that most closely matches the leak medium and the phase state, the divergence angle, and the characteristic amount of the sound pressure, thereby obtaining 1/30.
The amount of leakage per second, the shape and area of the leaked part are sequentially obtained, and the leakage amount, the shape and area of the leaked part are stored, and displayed on the monitor of the leakage amount searching device 4. This process is continued, and the process of obtaining the leak amount is repeated every 1/30 second from the start of the operation of the leak amount measuring device to the stop of the operation, and the leak amount at each time is obtained. Then, by integrating the leakage amounts from the start of the operation to the stop of the operation, the total leakage amount up to the stop of the device can be obtained.

As a result of the operation described above, the video observation device 1
In addition, the leaked video and the leaked sound are output at predetermined time intervals in the acoustic measurement device 2, and the feature amount extraction device 3 sequentially determines the leaked medium and the phase state, and extracts the feature amounts of the divergence angle and the sound pressure. For this reason, the leak amount search device 4 can successively and accurately obtain the leak amount and the shape and area of the leak portion at fixed time intervals at fixed time intervals. Then, the process of calculating the leak amount from the start of the operation of the leak amount measuring device to the stop of the operation is sequentially repeated at fixed time intervals, and the leak amount at each time is integrated from the start of the operation to the stop of the operation to obtain the total leak amount. Can be requested. In addition, by displaying and storing the sequential leakage amount, the total leakage amount due to the leakage event, and the shape and area of the leakage portion, the inspector can quickly and accurately grasp the leakage.

Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a leak amount measuring apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention. This second embodiment corresponds to claims 2, 3, and 10.

In FIG. 5, the video observation device 1 has a digital camera 1 for capturing a visible image and an infrared video device 1b for capturing an infrared image.

The video observation device 1 is composed of a photographing device (infrared / visible observation device) for photographing a visible image and an infrared image of the leaked fluid. That is, the device that captures the visible image of the video observation device 1 is configured by the digital video camera 1a, as in the first embodiment. With this digital video camera 1a, the state of damage of the leaked part after the stoppage of the leak is observed. This video output is converted to an NTSC signal and transmitted to the feature extraction device 3 via a cable.

On the other hand, a device for photographing an infrared image of the video observation device 1 is constituted by an infrared video device 1b. The infrared imaging apparatus 1b is an infrared imaging apparatus having the following performance using an indium antimony (InSb) photoelectric element as an infrared detection element.

Measurement temperature range -40 to 2000 ° C Temperature resolution 0.1 ° C (20 to 35 ° C) to 3.4 ° C (1400 to 2000 ° C) Angle of view: Horizontal approx. 14 °, vertical approx. 10 ° Number of pixels: approx. 150 × 180 ・ Cooling method: Starlink ゛ cooling method

The cooling method of the infrared detecting element may be a cooling method using liquid nitrogen or an electronic cooling method. Infrared imaging device 1b is made of mercury cadmium tellurium (HgCdTe)
Various infrared imaging devices 1b such as a device using a thermoelectric element such as a photoelectric element, a thermistor, a thermopile, and a pyroelectric element as an infrared detecting element can be applied. The video output of the infrared imaging device 1b is transmitted to the feature extraction device 3 via a cable. Time interval for outputting the visible image and the infrared image: Δt is set to Δt = 1/30.
The feature amount extraction device 3 is configured by the feature amount extraction device 3 having the same configuration and function as in the first embodiment.

The feature amount of the infrared image is defined in the same manner as the feature amount of the visible image, and the area of the leaked fluid 6 in the infrared image,
The ejection length of the leaked fluid 6 indicating the momentum of the leak, the diffusion angle indicating the degree of spread of the leak, and the average temperature and temperature distribution of the leaked fluid 6 photographed in the image are exemplified. The temperature in this case is a relative temperature in the infrared image. The leakage fluid 6
If the emissivity is known, conversion to absolute temperature can be easily performed. In the second embodiment, the injection length of the infrared image is defined as a feature amount of an image, and the sound pressure is defined as a feature amount of sound.

The leak amount searching device 4 has the same configuration as that of the first embodiment, but can obtain the leak amount by numerical analysis. In the numerical analysis, multi-dimensional heat flow calculation is performed, and the amount of leakage can be obtained from the shape and area of the leakage part, the phase state of the leakage medium, and the pressure.

Further, the value of the plant instrumentation output at each time is stored in the leak amount searching device 4. The display screen of the leak amount searching device 4 can display an infrared image or a visible image, both infrared and visible images, and a superimposed image of an infrared image and a visible image. By creating a superimposed image, it is easy to specify a leak site.

FIG. 6 shows a part of a database according to the second embodiment in which the image feature amount is the ejection length and the sound feature amount is the sound pressure. FIG. 6 shows an example in which the leakage fluid 6 is saturated water, the leakage pressure is 1 [MPa], and the shape of the leakage portion is a slit.
In this case, the plant equipment 5 in which the leakage occurs is a steam turbine drain pipe in the power plant.
[Mm] width: 0.05 [mm] slit-shaped crack. The leakage fluid 6 is saturated water, and the leakage amount is 0.5 [L / m]. The image observation device 1 having the infrared imaging device 1b is particularly effective for detecting leakage from a pipe covered with a heat insulating material. in this case,
An abnormally high temperature portion of the heat insulating material, the liquid of the leaking fluid 6 dripping from the heat insulating material, and the leaking fluid 6 diffusing from the gap of the heat insulating material are detected.

The operation according to the second embodiment (claims 2, 3, and 10) configured as described above will be described. Assuming that saturated water leaks from the steam turbine drain pipe in the power plant, the video observation device 7 and the acoustic measurement device 2 operate simultaneously.

In the video observation device 1, an infrared image and a visible image of the leaked fluid 6 are observed every 1/30 second. The visible image and the infrared image of the video observation device 1 are transmitted by a cable, and are input from the video input unit to the feature extraction device 3. On the other hand, in the acoustic measurement device 2, leaked sound of the leaked fluid 6 at the same time as the video observation time is observed as the operation signal trigger signal of the video observation device 1. The sound output of the sound measurement device 2 is AD-converted by an AD converter, transmitted by a cable, and input from the sound input unit to the feature amount extraction device 3.

In the feature quantity extracting device 3, an infrared image and a visible image of the leaked fluid 6 are recorded, and transmitted to a display screen of the leak amount searching device 4 by a cable to display the infrared image on the screen. FIG. 7 shows an infrared image of the leaked fluid 6 displayed on the display screen of the leak amount search device 4.

Then, the characteristic amount extraction device 3 determines the leakage medium and the phase state for the leaked image transmitted every 1/30 seconds of the observation time sequentially transmitted, and determines the injection length of the infrared image, which is the characteristic amount of the image. An extraction is performed. Further, a sound pressure, which is a feature amount of the sound, is extracted. In the leak image shown in FIG. 7, since the leak is in the steam turbine drain pipe in the power plant, the leak medium is saturated water, and the phase state is liquid. In addition, the injection length of the infrared image, which is the feature amount of the image: 10 [mm], and the sound pressure:
89 [dB].

The leaked video, leaked medium, phase state, injection length and sound pressure characteristic amount extracted every 1/30 second are sequentially transmitted to the leak amount searching device 4 via a cable. In the leakage amount search device 4, the leakage medium and phase state: saturated water, injection length:
By searching the leak amount database for the leak amount that most closely matches 10 [mm] and sound pressure: 89 [dB], the leak amount can be obtained sequentially. As a result of the search, the leakage amount was 0.5 [L / m]
Becomes Also, the leakage amount database shown in FIG.
Since it is determined for each shape and area of the leaking part, it can be determined that the shape of the leaking part is slit and the area is 1.0 [mm ² ]. Then, the result of the leak amount search, and the shape and area of the leaked part are displayed on the monitor of the leak amount search device 4.

By repeating the above operation,
The amount of leakage can be obtained sequentially at regular time intervals until after the leakage is stopped by a plant stoppage treatment or the like. In addition, the results of the search for the leaked video and the leak amount output at fixed time intervals are displayed on the monitor of the leak amount search device 4 and stored. Further, when the leakage is stopped, the visible image of the leaked part is observed by the digital video camera 1a of the video observation device 1. This visible image is transmitted by a cable, and is input from the video input unit to the feature extraction device 3.

In the feature quantity extracting device 3, a visible image of the leaked part is recorded and transmitted to the display screen of the leaked amount searching device 4 by a cable to display the image of the leaked portion on the screen. Then, the feature quantity extraction device 3 extracts the shape and area of the leaked part from the image of the leaked part, together with the determination of the leaked medium and the phase state. In the second embodiment, the leakage part has an area of 1.0 [mm ² ] and a shape of a slit.

The shape and area of the leak portion, the leak medium and the phase state are transmitted to the leak amount searching device 4 via a cable. Since the leak amount searching device 4 stores the time change of the pressure in the pipe where the leak has occurred, the pressure in the pipe, the leak medium and the phase state at each time: saturated water, area of the leak portion:
1.0 [mm ² ], shape: By numerical analysis from the conditions of the slit, the amount of leakage occurring at each time can be determined with high accuracy. Further, the total leakage amount due to the leakage event can be obtained by calculating and integrating the leakage amount at each time from when the leakage is discovered to when the leakage stops.

As a result of the operation described above, the video observation device 1
The sound measurement device 2 enables observation of an infrared image and a visible image of the leaked fluid 6 at the same time and measurement of leaked sound. The feature amount extraction device 3 can determine the leakage medium and the phase state from the visible image, and can sequentially extract sound and video feature amounts effective for leak amount estimation from the infrared image and the measured sound at regular time intervals. .
The feature amount of the video is appropriately selected from the visible image and the infrared image according to the type of the leakage medium and the state of the medium such as gas or liquid. The features of the infrared image include the area of the leaked fluid 6 in the video, the jet length, the diffusion angle, the average temperature and temperature distribution, the sound pressure of the sound, the acoustic spectrum, and the like. be able to.

The leak amount searching device 4 finds the leak amount that most closely matches the infrared image and acoustic feature amounts from a leak amount database obtained by parameters such as the shape and area of the leak portion, the leak medium, the phase state, and the leak pressure. By searching,
The amount of leakage can be sequentially obtained with high accuracy at regular time intervals. In addition, by displaying on the monitor of the leak amount searching device 4 the infrared image, the visible image, and the search result of the leak amount output by the video observation device 1 at regular time intervals, the inspector can check the leak medium and the phase of the leak fluid 6. It is possible to quickly and accurately grasp the state, the degree of leakage, and the location of the leakage.

Further, when the leakage is stopped, the video observation device 1
The visible image of the leaked part can be observed by the digital video camera of the above. The feature amount extraction device 3 can determine the leakage medium and phase state, the shape and area of the leakage part from the visible image. Therefore, the leak amount searching device 4 can obtain the leak amount by numerical analysis from the plant instrumentation output, the leak medium, the phase state, the shape and the area of the leak part, and obtain the leak amount occurring at a certain time with high accuracy. be able to. In addition, the amount of leakage at each time from the discovery of leakage to the stop of leakage is obtained, and the amount of leakage at each time is integrated over time, whereby the total amount of leakage until the time of leakage stop can be obtained.

Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 8 is a block diagram of a leak amount measuring device according to a third embodiment of the present invention. This third embodiment corresponds to claims 4, 7, and 8. In the third embodiment, a feature amount extracting device 3
Is provided with a difference processing device 8 and a sound processing device 9.

In FIG. 8, the video observation device 1 and the sound measurement device 2 have the same functions and configurations as those of the first embodiment. The video output of the video observation device 1 is transmitted to the difference processing device 8 of the feature amount extraction device 3 via a cable.
The time interval of the video output is Δt = 1/30 second. In the difference processing device 8, the visible image at time: t = t0 and the time: t = t0 +
The difference image of the visible image of Δt is calculated to obtain a difference image.
In the difference image, an image region in which the density has changed during the time interval Δt is extracted.

Therefore, when the video observation device 1 observes the leaked fluid 6, the density of the leaked fluid 6 changes with time, so that the leak can be recognized from the difference image. By judging leakage from the difference image, it is possible to detect minute leakage. Further, the difference processing device 8 identifies the leaked medium and the phase state from the information on the medium and the phase state flowing in each pipe and each part stored in advance and the visible image. The visible image and the difference image at each time can be stored in the difference processing device 8.

On the other hand, the sound output of the sound measuring device 2 is transmitted to the sound processing device 9 of the feature amount extracting device 3 by a cable. In the sound processing device 9, since the characteristic amount of the leakage amount database is a numerical value at the reference distance: 1 m, the sound output is calibrated by obtaining the distance to the leakage site. The calibration of the acoustic output can be performed by (acoustic output calibration value) = (acoustic output) / (distance to leakage site) ² . The distance to the leak site can be calculated from the video output of the video observation device 1.

Further, the sound processing device 9 extracts a sound pressure of a specific frequency and uses it as a feature amount. For example, when there is no obstacle between the leak site and the acoustic measurement device 2, the sound pressure in an ultrasonic region having sharp directivity is used as the feature amount. Since the ultrasonic wave has a sharp directivity, the influence of diffraction and scattering from surrounding structures is small, and the sound pressure of leaked sound can be measured with a high S / N. On the other hand, when there is an obstacle, the sound pressure of the leaked sound can be measured by using the sound pressure of the audible region having a weak directivity as the feature amount. In the third embodiment, a sound pressure at a frequency of 60 [kHz], which is an ultrasonic region, and a difference image are used as feature amounts.

The leak amount searching device 4 is connected to the difference processing device 8 and the sound processing device 9 by a cable for transmitting the processing data. The leak amount search device 4 stores a database of the sound pressure at a frequency of 60 [kHz] and the leak amount related to the difference image, using the shape and area of the leak portion, the leak medium, the leak pressure, the phase state, and the like as parameters. I have. Further, on the display screen of the leakage amount search device 4, a difference image and a superimposed image of the difference image and the visible image can be selected and displayed. FIG. 9 is an example in which the leakage fluid 6 is saturated steam, the leakage pressure is 7 [MPa], and the shape of the leakage portion is a pinhole. In this case, the plant equipment 5 in which the leakage occurs is a steam turbine system pipe in the power plant. Then, it is assumed that a pinhole-shaped leaking part having a diameter of about 3.0 [mm] is formed by the corrosion. Leakage fluid 6 is saturated steam, leakage amount: 4.0 [L /
m].

The operation of the third embodiment (claims 4, 7, and 8) configured as described above will be described. When saturated steam leaks from the steam turbine piping in the power plant, the video observation device 1 and the acoustic measurement device 2 operate simultaneously. The distance from the leak measurement device to the leak site shall be 2 [m]. The video output of the video observation device 1 is transmitted to the difference processing device 8 via a cable, and a difference image with a time interval of Δt = 1/30 seconds is sequentially obtained. Further, the leaking medium and the phase state are determined to be saturated vapor. The difference image and the visible image are stored in the difference processing device 8, and the difference image is further transmitted to the leakage amount search device 4 and displayed on the screen. Fig. 10 shows the superimposed image displayed on the screen.
Shown in

On the other hand, the sound output of the sound measuring device 2 is transmitted to the sound processing device 9 by a cable, and the frequency is 60 [kHz].
z] and the sound pressure is calibrated.
Frequency: 60 [kHz] sound output: 126 [dB], distance to the leak site: 2 [m], so the sound output calibration value is 12
It becomes 0 [dB].

The leaked video, the leaked medium, the phase state, the difference image, and the calibration value of the sound output at a frequency of 60 [kHz] extracted every 1/30 second are obtained by the leak amount searching device 4 via a cable.
Are sequentially transmitted to The leak amount searching device 4 displays the leak medium and the phase state: saturated steam, the sound pressure: 120 [dB] on the monitor, and searches the leak amount database for the leak amount, the shape and the area of the leak portion. As a result of search, the leak amount was 4.0
[L / m]. The leakage part has a pinhole shape with a diameter of 3.0 [mm].

When there are a plurality of selected leak amounts, a difference operation is performed between each difference image of the selected leak amount database and the difference image output by the difference processing device 8. As a result of the calculation, the leakage amount in the leakage amount database when the extracted image area is the smallest is the leakage amount to be obtained.

As a result of the operation described above, the video observation device 1
The sound measurement device 2 can measure the leaked image and the leaked sound of the leaked fluid 6 at the same time. Then, the difference processing device 8 can determine the leaked medium and the phase state based on the visible image, and sequentially obtain the difference image of the time interval: Δt. By judging leakage from the difference image, highly sensitive detection of minute leakage can be performed.

Further, the sound processing apparatus 9 selects a sound frequency suitable for measuring leaked sound, performs distance calibration of sound output for calibrating a distance to a leaked part to a distance in a leakage amount database, and determines a characteristic amount of sound. Ask. As a result, it is possible to extract an effective acoustic feature amount irrespective of the distance to the leakage site or the presence or absence of an obstacle.

Then, the leakage amount searching device 4 can specify the leakage medium and the phase state by searching for the leakage amount in the leakage amount database in which the leakage medium, the phase state, and the sound pressure match the most, and even in the case of a minute leakage. Distance to the leak,
Regardless of the presence or absence of an obstacle, the amount of leakage, the shape and area of the leakage part can be sequentially obtained with high accuracy at regular time intervals.

Further, by transmitting the leaked video output from the difference processing device 8 at a fixed time interval to the display screen of the leak amount searching device 4 and displaying the leaked video on the screen, the inspector can check the leakage medium of the leaked fluid 6. In addition, it is possible to quickly and accurately grasp the phase state, the leakage amount, and the difference processing status.

Next, a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 11 is a block diagram of a leakage measuring device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. The fourth embodiment corresponds to claims 5 and 6. In the fourth embodiment, a still image photographing device 1A having illumination means and observing a still image is used as the image observation device 1. The feature extraction device 3 extracts an acoustic spectrum as a feature.

In FIG. 11, the still image photographing apparatus 1A
It is configured by a photographing device that includes a lighting device such as a strobe or a flash and can photograph a still image of the leaked fluid 6. A high-sensitivity still image can be obtained by shooting a still image by causing the lighting means to emit light instantaneously. For this reason,
Even in the case of the particulate or gaseous leakage fluid 6, the still image photographing apparatus 1A can observe the leakage fluid 6.

In the fourth embodiment, a digital still camera of 2.3 million pixels of 1/2 inch interline system equipped with a strobe light emitting mechanism is used. The digital still camera can automatically and continuously capture still images at an arbitrarily settable time interval: Δt. In the fourth embodiment, the time interval is Δt = 1/3 seconds. There is no limitation on the performance of the digital still camera, and various digital still cameras can be applied. In the case of a digital still camera not provided with a strobe light emitting mechanism, the present invention can be applied by attaching an external strobe light emitting mechanism.

The video output of the still image photographing device 1A and the audio output of the acoustic measuring device 2 are transmitted to the feature extracting device 3 via a cable. The feature extraction device 3 has the same configuration and functions as those of the first embodiment. The feature amount of the still image is defined in the same manner as the feature amount of the visible image, and the area of the leaked fluid 6 in the still image, the ejection length of the leaked fluid 6 indicating the momentum of the leak, the diffusion angle indicating the extent of the leak, and the image The average brightness and the brightness distribution of the leaked fluid 6 photographed in FIG.

The acoustic features include sound pressure and acoustic spectrum of leaked sound. The spectral density of each frequency component in the acoustic spectrum increases as the amount of leakage increases, as shown in FIG. Therefore, the amount of leakage can be obtained from the acoustic spectrum. In the present embodiment, the divergence angle of a still image is defined as a video feature, and the acoustic spectrum is defined as an acoustic feature.

Also, regarding the leakage amount search device 4, the first
This is the same configuration and function as the embodiment. On the display screen of the leak amount search device 4, still images at a time interval of Δt can be sequentially displayed. FIG. 13 shows a part of a database according to the fourth embodiment in which the feature amount of a video is a divergence angle of a still image and the feature amount of sound is an acoustic spectrum. FIG. 13 shows leakage fluid 6: saturated steam, leakage pressure: 4 [MPa],
The shape of the leak portion is an example of the slit. In this case, the plant equipment 5 in which the leakage occurs is a steam turbine system pipe in the power plant. And, due to corrosion, length: 20 [mm] width: 0.4
It is assumed that a slit-shaped crack of [mm] is generated. The leakage fluid 6 is saturated vapor, and the leakage amount is 2.0 [L / m].

The operation of the fourth embodiment (claims 5 and 6) configured as described above will be described. When the leakage of saturated steam occurs from the steam turbine piping in the power plant, the still image photographing device 1A and the acoustic measurement device 2 operate simultaneously.

In the still image photographing apparatus 1A, a still image of the leaked fluid 6 is observed every 1/3 second. The still image of the still image photographing device 1A is transmitted by a cable, and is input from the video input unit to the feature amount extracting device 3. On the other hand, in the acoustic measurement device 2, the leak sound of the leaked fluid 6 at the same time as the video observation time is observed using the operation signal of the video observation device 1 as a trigger signal. The sound output of the sound measurement device 2 is AD-converted by an AD converter, transmitted by a cable, and input from the sound input unit to the feature amount extraction device 3.

In the feature quantity extracting device 3, a still image is recorded and transmitted to the display screen of the leak amount searching device 4 by a cable to display the leaked video on the screen. FIG. 14 shows a leak image of the leaked fluid 6 displayed on the display screen of the leak amount search device 4. Then, the feature amount extraction device 3 determines a leak medium and a phase state, and extracts a divergence angle, which is a feature amount of a still image, for a leaked video that is transmitted every one third of an observation time that is sequentially transmitted. In addition, an acoustic spectrum that is an acoustic feature amount is extracted. There are places in the power plant where the sound pressure of disturbing sound is high. In such a place, the acoustic spectrum is an effective feature amount. In the leaked video shown in FIG.
Because of a leak in the steam turbine piping in the power plant,
Leakage medium: saturated vapor, phase state: gas. Further, the divergence angle: 25 [°], which is the feature amount of the image, is the acoustic spectrum shown in FIG.

The features of the still image, the leakage medium, the phase state, the divergence angle, and the acoustic spectrum that are extracted every 1/3 second are as follows:
The data is sequentially transmitted to the leak amount searching device 4 via a cable.
The leak amount search device 4 searches the leak amount database for a leak amount that best matches the leak medium and phase state: saturated vapor, divergence angle: 25 [°], and the acoustic spectrum shown in FIG. As a result of the search, the leakage amount is 2.0 [L / m]. The leakage part has a slit shape of 20 [mm] in length and 0.4 [mm] in width.

As a result of the above-described operation, the still image photographing device 1A and the sound measuring device 2 can measure the still image and the leaked sound of the leaked fluid 6 at the same time. The feature amount extraction device 3 can determine the leakage medium and the phase state from the still image, and can successively extract sound and video feature amounts effective for leak amount estimation from the still image and the measured sound at fixed time intervals. . Since a still image instantaneously observes the leaked fluid 6 with a high-brightness strobe mechanism, the leaked fluid 6 can be observed with higher sensitivity than a moving image. The features of the still image include the area of the leaked fluid 6,
The ejection length, the diffusion angle, the average luminance and the luminance distribution are exemplified. Then, it can be appropriately selected according to the type of the leaking medium and the state of the medium such as gas or liquid. The acoustic features include a sound pressure, an acoustic spectrum, and the like. Since the acoustic spectrum does not depend on the distance to the leaked portion, the feature amount can be obtained regardless of the distance to the leaked portion.

The leak amount searching device 4 can specify the leak medium and the phase state by searching the leak amount database for the leak amount that most matches the feature amount of the still image and the sound. Irrespective of the distance, the amount of leakage, the shape and the area of the leakage portion can be sequentially obtained with high accuracy at regular time intervals.

Further, the still image output by the still image photographing apparatus 1A at a fixed time interval, the leakage amount, and the shape and area of the leakage portion are displayed on the monitor of the leakage amount searching device 4,
The inspector can quickly and accurately grasp the leakage medium and the phase state of the leakage fluid 6, the leakage amount, and the shape and area of the leakage portion.

Next, a fifth embodiment according to the present invention will be described. The fifth embodiment corresponds to the leakage amount measuring method according to claims 11 and 12. In this case, the leak amount measuring device is configured in the same manner as in the first embodiment, the video observing device 1 is a digital video camera, the acoustic measuring device 2 is a microphone, the feature amount extracting device 3 and the leak amount searching device 4 are general-purpose types. Computer. Then, the feature amount extraction device 3 can select one or a plurality of feature amounts from each item shown in Table 1.

[0112]

[Table 1]

The state of the leaking part and the plant instrumentation output are determined using the leaked image of the image observation device 1. Depending on the leakage image, the leakage part (piping, valve, flange, etc.), the degree of damage to the leakage part, the presence or absence of heat insulating material, the area of the leakage opening, the surface roughness of the leakage opening, the distance to the leakage part, the surface of the leakage part Temperature etc.
It can be easily determined. Further, by specifying the system of the leaking part from the leaked video, it is possible to determine the plant instrumentation output such as the phase state, pressure, and temperature of the leaked medium. Also,
When the sound pressure, which is the characteristic amount of sound, is selected, the calibration of the distance to the leakage portion and the selection of the frequency based on the presence or absence of a heat insulating material or an obstacle described in the third embodiment are appropriately performed.

The leak amount search device 4 performs a multidimensional heat flow calculation, and numerically analyzes the leak amount using conditions such as the pressure, temperature, phase state, shape, area, and surface temperature of the leak medium. It has become. Then, the analysis result can be displayed on the display screen of the leakage amount search device 4.
As the display screen, various monitors such as a CRT, a liquid crystal or plasma display, and a cathode ray tube can be applied. Further, it can be simply configured with an analog meter, a digital counter, and the like. In addition, the leak amount search device 4 includes:
The plant instrumentation output value at each time is stored.

As in the first embodiment, the plant equipment 5 in which the leakage occurs is a flange packing portion of the steam turbine piping in the power plant. And the diameter 0.2 by corrosion
It is assumed that a pinhole-shaped leakage part of [mm] is formed. The leakage fluid 6 is saturated water, and the leakage amount is 9.0 × 10 ^-2 [L / m].

The operation of the leak amount measuring method (corresponding to claim 11) using the leak amount measuring apparatus of the fifth embodiment configured as described above will be described. When the saturated water leaks from the flange packing of the steam turbine piping in the power plant, the video observation device 1 and the sound measurement device 2 operate simultaneously. In the video observation device 1, a leaked video of the leaked fluid 6 is observed every 1/30 second, transmitted through a cable, and input from the video input unit to the feature extraction device 3. On the other hand, in the acoustic measurement device 2, the leaked sound at the same time as the video is observed, transmitted through the cable, and input to the feature amount extraction device 3 from the sound input unit.

The feature amount extracting device 3 records the leaked video and transmits the leaked video to the display screen of the leaked amount searching device 4 via a cable to display the leaked video shown in FIG. 4 on the screen. Then, in the feature quantity extraction device 3, the observation time sequentially transmitted:
For the leaked video every 1/30 second, the determination of the leaked medium and the phase state, and the extraction of the feature amount related to the video and the sound are performed.

The feature quantity extracting device 3 selects one or more feature quantities from each item shown in Table 1. In the fifth embodiment, the phase state, the pressure, the sound pressure, the numerical analysis, and the flange leakage are used as the characteristic amounts. In a fifth embodiment, the phase states:
Liquid, pressure: 7 [MPa], sound pressure: 66 [dB], flange leakage. Then, the amount of leakage is searched for from one or a plurality of feature amounts of video or audio using the database. Also, the amount of leakage is calculated and obtained from the plant instrumentation output. Also, the appearance of the leaked part is observed and the amount of leakage is analyzed numerically. The leakage amount is determined using one or more of these, and the determination result is displayed.

As described above, the amount of leakage is determined using the characteristic amount, and displayed, for example, as shown in FIG. The result of the determination of the leakage amount is shown in “Leakage amount determination result” at the upper left of the display, and the leakage amount is 9.0 × 10 ⁻² [L / m]. “Total leakage”
Is a time integrated value of the leakage amount measured during the measurement time.
Although a plurality of feature amounts are displayed in the display of FIG. 16, the number and selection of the displayed feature amounts can be arbitrarily set by the user from Table 1. The setting of the feature amount is performed by displaying a selection menu by a “set feature amount” command.

As a result of the operation described above, the feature quantity extracting device 3 can select one or a plurality of feature quantities from each item shown in Table 1. Since the leakage amount can be determined by appropriately combining one or a plurality of characteristic amounts, highly accurate leakage amount measurement can be performed.

Next, a description will be given of an operation relating to a leak amount measuring method (corresponding to claim 12) using the leak amount measuring apparatus according to the fifth embodiment. When a leak is discovered, a leak stop procedure is performed by stopping the plant. Then, after the leakage is stopped, the video observation device 1 closely observes the leakage part (piping, valve, flange, etc.), the degree of damage of the leakage part, the area and surface roughness of the leakage opening, and the distance to the leakage part.

Therefore, the leakage part (piping, valve, flange, etc.), the degree of damage to the leakage part, the area of the leakage opening, the shape of the leakage opening, the surface roughness of the leakage opening, and the distance to the leakage part are measured. Six items are added to the feature amounts shown in Table 1. And Table 1
, One or a plurality of feature quantities can be selected from a total of 24 feature quantities.

In this embodiment, the phase state, the shape of the leaking portion, the sound pressure, the numerical analysis, and the leaking portion are used as the feature values. In this embodiment, phase state: liquid, shape of leaking part: diameter 0.2 [m
m] pinhole, sound pressure: 66 [dB], flange leakage. Then, the leakage amount is determined using these characteristic amounts, and displayed, for example, as shown in FIG. In the “determination result of leakage amount”, the leakage amount is 9.0 × 10 ⁻² [L / m]. "
The total leakage amount “: 5.40 [L / m] is the total leakage amount due to this leakage event. In addition, the simplified display as shown in FIGS. Can be arbitrarily set from Table 1 by the user.

As a result of the above-described operations, the characteristic amount extracting device 3 allows the leakage part (piping, valve, flange, etc.) after the leakage stop, the degree of damage of the leakage part, the area and surface roughness of the leakage opening, the leakage The distance to the unit can be used as the feature value. Therefore, one or more of the 24 items can be selected as the feature amount. As a result, the leakage amount can be determined by appropriately combining one or a plurality of characteristic amounts, and the leakage amount can be measured with high accuracy.

[0125]

According to the present invention, it is possible to measure a leakage image and a leakage sound of a leakage fluid at the same time. The leaked image can be captured by an infrared imaging device, a visible image capturing device, a still image capturing device, or the like. Since a still image is instantaneously observed by a high-brightness strobe mechanism, a leaked fluid can be observed with higher sensitivity than a moving image.

Then, feature values relating to sound and video are extracted from the leaked video and leaked sound. The feature amount includes the area of the leaked fluid in the image, the ejection length, the diffusion angle, the average luminance and the luminance distribution, the average luminance and the luminance distribution, the sound pressure and the acoustic spectrum of the sound, and can be appropriately selected. . In the case of a leaked image, by using a difference image as a feature value, highly sensitive detection of a minute leak can be performed. On the other hand, in acoustic measurement, by selecting a measurement frequency such as an audible sound or an ultrasonic wave and calibrating a distance to a leaked portion, a feature amount independent of the presence or absence of an obstacle and a distance to a leaked portion can be obtained. In addition, the acoustic spectrum becomes a feature amount irrelevant to the distance to the leakage part.

Further, from the leaked video, it is possible to extract characteristic quantities relating to the state of the leaking part during and after the leakage is stopped, and characteristic quantities relating to the plant instrumentation output such as the temperature, pressure, and phase state of the leakage medium.

Using one or more of the above-described image, sound, leakage part status during and after leakage stop, and characteristic values relating to plant instrumentation output, the leakage medium, phase state, pressure, and temperature are used. By searching the database of the leak amount obtained for each shape and area of the leak part, it is possible to measure the leak amount, shape and area of the leak part, which is difficult with the single feature of video or sound, with high accuracy on site It can be obtained sequentially at regular time intervals. In addition, by estimating the amount of leakage by combining one or more from the amount of features such as video, sound, the situation of the leaking part during and after the leakage, the instrumentation output of the plant, and the analysis value of the amount of leakage by numerical analysis Thus, highly accurate measurement of the amount of leakage at the site is possible.

Further, by displaying the leak amount, the leak image, and the shape and area of the leak portion on the screen at regular time intervals, the inspector can check the leak medium and phase state of the leak fluid, the leak amount, the time change of the leak, and the like. The shape and area of the leaking part can be quickly and accurately grasped. Then, the process of calculating the amount of leakage from the start of operation to the stop of operation is sequentially repeated at regular time intervals, and the amount of leakage at each time is integrated from the start of operation to the stop of operation, so that the total amount of leakage due to the leakage event is calculated. You can ask.

After the leakage is stopped, by observing the state of the leakage part such as the shape and area of the leakage part, the leakage amount occurring at an arbitrary time and the total leakage amount due to the leakage event can be obtained with high accuracy. .

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a leakage amount measuring device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a feature amount of a video obtained according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a leakage amount database according to the first embodiment of this invention.

FIG. 4 is a plan view showing an example of a leakage image according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram of a leakage amount measuring device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a leakage amount database according to the second embodiment of this invention.

FIG. 7 is a plan view showing an example of a leakage image according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a configuration diagram of a leak amount measuring device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a leakage amount database according to the third embodiment of this invention.

FIG. 10 is a plan view showing an example of a leakage image according to the third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a configuration diagram of a leak amount measuring device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a characteristic diagram showing an acoustic spectrum characteristic which is an acoustic feature amount according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a leakage amount database according to the fourth embodiment of this invention.

FIG. 14 is a plan view showing an example of a leakage image according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 15 is a characteristic diagram showing an acoustic spectrum which is a feature amount of audio according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 16 is a plan view showing an example of a display of a leakage amount according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 17 is a plan view showing another example of the display of the leakage amount according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 18 is a plan view showing an example of analog display of a leakage amount according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 19 is a plan view showing an example of a digital display of a leakage amount according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 20 is a block diagram of a conventional leak detection device (part 1).

FIG. 21 is a flowchart of detection / determination of liquid leakage in a conventional leakage detection device (part 1).

FIG. 22 is a block diagram of a conventional leak detection device (part 2).

FIG. 23 is a flowchart of detection / determination of liquid leakage in a conventional leakage detection device (part 2).

FIG. 24 is a block diagram of a conventional leak detection device (part 3).

FIG. 25 is a flowchart of detection / determination of liquid leakage by a conventional leakage detection device (part 3).

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Video observation device 2 Acoustic measurement device 3 Feature amount extraction device 4 Leakage amount search device 5 Plant equipment 6 Leakage fluid 8 Difference processing device 9 Acoustic processing device 1A Still image photographing device

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (72) Nao Narabayashi, Inventor, 8-8 Shinsugita-cho, Isogo-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa Prefecture Inside Toshiba Yokohama Office (72) Inventor Yu Yu Fujinami, 8-8 Shinsugita-cho, Isogo-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan (72) Inventor Kazuyoshi Kataoka 8 Shinsugitacho, Isogo-ku, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa Prefecture F-term (reference) 2G067 BB11 BB17 DD13 EE01 EE09

Claims (12)

[Claims] 1. An image observation device for observing an image of a leaked fluid, an acoustic measurement device for measuring the sound of the leaked fluid, and a feature extraction for extracting a feature of the leaked fluid from the outputs of the image observation device and the sound measurement device. A leak amount searching device that searches a database relating to the leak amount created for each fluid pressure, temperature, phase state, area and shape of a leaked part, etc., based on the device and one or more extracted feature amounts, and obtains the leak amount. A leak amount measuring device comprising: 2. The leak amount measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the leak amount searching device numerically analyzes the leak amount based on a damage state of a leak portion and a plant instrumentation output. 3. The leak amount measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the video observation device observes one or both of a visible image and an infrared image. 4. The leak amount measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the feature amount extracting device extracts a region where the density of the leaked fluid changes with time. 5. The leak amount measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the image observing device includes a lighting unit and observes a still image. 6. The leakage amount measuring apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the characteristic amount extracting device extracts an acoustic spectrum as a characteristic amount. 7. The feature amount extracting device according to claim 1, wherein the distance to the leaking portion is obtained by sound and the distance of the sound output of the sound measuring device is calibrated. The leak amount measuring device according to any one of the above. 8. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the feature quantity extracting device selects an acoustic frequency suitable for measuring a leak amount from a video output of the video observing device for observing a video of the leaked fluid. The leak amount measuring device according to any one of claims 3 to 7. 9. An image observation step for observing an image of the leaked fluid, an acoustic measurement step for measuring the sound of the leaked fluid, and a feature extraction for extracting the feature of the leaked fluid from the outputs of the image observation device and the sound measurement device. A leak amount search step of searching a database related to the leak amount created for each of the fluid pressure, temperature, phase state, area and shape of the leak portion, etc., based on the process and the extracted one or more characteristic amounts, to obtain the leak amount. And a leak amount calculating step of calculating a leak amount due to a leak event from the leak amount and the leak time. 10. A method for observing a damaged state of a leaked part after a leakage of a leaked fluid is stopped, and a leakage amount analyzing step for numerically analyzing a leaked amount from the damaged state of the leaked part and a plant instrumentation output. The method for measuring a leakage amount of a leakage fluid according to claim 9, wherein: 11. The fluid pressure, temperature, phase state,
A leak amount analysis step of numerically analyzing the area and shape of the leak part to obtain a leak amount, a video observation step of observing a video of the leaked fluid, an audio measurement step of measuring the sound of the leaked fluid, and a video observation device and A feature amount extraction step of extracting a feature amount of a leaked fluid from an output of the acoustic measurement device; a leak amount search step of searching for a leak amount from one or more feature amounts of video or sound using the database; A leak amount calculating step of calculating a leak amount from a device output, a leak amount determining step of observing an appearance damage state of a leak portion and numerically analyzing the leak amount, the leak amount analyzing step and the leak amount searching A leak amount calculating step of determining a leak amount using one or more of the leak amount calculating step and the leak amount determining step, and a leak amount displaying step of displaying a determination result of the leak amount comprehensive determining step Leakage amount measuring method of the leakage fluid, comprising the. 12. The method according to claim 11, further comprising a leak amount analyzing step of observing a breakage state of the leak portion after the stop of the leak and numerically analyzing the leak amount.