JP2000301277A - Closed forging die equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] (With correction) [Problem] To make it easy to control the speed at which each punch enters each die without causing the complexity and size of the differential mechanism to be increased, and it is possible to uniformly manufacture even vertically asymmetric products. Provided is a mold device for closed forging. A pair of upper and lower dies (11, 61) are slidable on respective die sets (1, 51) and urged in a mold closing direction, and a punch is mounted so as to slide in each die. A link 9 is provided on the side of the lower die 61 as a moving mechanism so as to be rotatable about an axis 90a in a direction substantially perpendicular to the mold closing direction.
1 and the rollers 95a at both ends of the link 91,
95b was attached. The lower roller 95a is guided movably in the lateral direction by a guide member 97 attached to the lower die set 51.
A pressing portion 98 is provided so that b contacts the molds at the same time when the dies are closed, and can move in a certain direction after the contact.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a closed forging die apparatus attached to a press machine.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In this type of closed forging die apparatus, a pair of upper and lower (or left and right) die sets are usually provided with dies (die) in opposed arrangement. Each of the upper and lower dies is elastically urged by a spring, a hydraulic pressure, or the like in the mold closing direction while being slidable on each of the upper and lower die sets. A punch is fixed to each die set so as to be slidable in the dies.After the dies are closed, when each die is pushed back against each die set against the urging force, each die set is pressed. The punch is configured to relatively enter (enter) each die. Of the pair of die sets, a lower die set (hereinafter, also referred to as a lower die set) is usually fixed on a bolster (fixing plate) of a press, and an upper die set (hereinafter, also referred to as an upper die set) is provided. It is configured to be mounted on a press slide (movable plate) that can move up and down, and to lower and press it.

[0003] In such a closed forging die apparatus (hereinafter also simply referred to as an apparatus), a material (a material to be molded) is placed on a lower die (hereinafter, also referred to as a lower die) on a mold closing surface (a die mating surface). Is loaded in a cavity (cavity) on the tip of the punch (hereinafter, also referred to as a lower punch), and the upper die set is lowered. At approximately the same time when the dies are closed (closed), the punches are relatively inserted into the dies toward the cavities of the die closing surfaces of the dies to press the material and forge into a predetermined shape. ing.

In order to uniformly form a vertically symmetrical molded product in such closed forging, it is necessary to press the upper and lower punches uniformly by a pair of upper and lower punches. It is necessary to enter the same stroke at the same speed at the same time. For this reason, such a closed forging die apparatus is generally provided with a differential mechanism for controlling the speed at which each punch enters each die.

A typical example of such a differential mechanism is disclosed in JP-A-64-53726 or JP-A-59-2970.
There is known a differential mechanism using a link mechanism as disclosed in each of Japanese Patent Nos. 29298.

On the other hand, in this type of molding, there are many moldings which are not vertically symmetrical, such as molded articles shown in FIG. In such a molded product (hereinafter also referred to as a vertically asymmetric product), uniform forging cannot be performed unless the penetration speeds of both punches are positively changed, contrary to a vertically symmetric product because of its shape. Or cause poor meat circumference.

[0007]

However, in the differential mechanism comprising the link mechanism described in the above-mentioned publication, changing the approach speed of both punches to a desired one requires a large number of links and a complicated mechanism. This is not easy, and causes an increase in link manufacturing cost. Moreover, since a large number of links need to be prepared separately, the exchange of the links requires a great deal of time and effort, and the maintenance and inspection of the device is not easy. Furthermore, due to the large number of links and the complicated mechanism,
There is a problem that the weight is increased and it is difficult to speed up the press work.

When the approach speed ratio between the two punches is 1: 1, the correct speed ratio can be obtained. However, when the speed ratio other than 1: 1 is to be obtained by changing the length of the link, the correct speed ratio can be obtained. A correct speed ratio cannot be obtained due to the mechanism. Therefore, it is difficult to control the respective entry speeds to desired ones, for example, to make the entry speeds of both punches different between the initial stage and the final stage. Can not.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and each punch can be mounted on each die without increasing the complexity and size of a differential mechanism for controlling the speed at which each punch enters each die. It is an object of the present invention to provide a closed forging die apparatus which makes it easy to control the speed of entering into the mold and can uniformly and efficiently manufacture not only symmetrically formed products but also vertically asymmetric products.

[0010]

The above object is achieved by the following means. That is, a pair of die sets are provided with dice in opposing arrangement, and each die is elastically urged in the mold closing direction while being slidable by each die set. The punch is fixed so that it can slide in each die, and after closing the mold of both dies,
When each die is pushed back against each die set against the biasing force, each punch is configured to relatively enter into each die, and the speed at which each punch enters each die is controlled. In the closed forging die apparatus provided with a differential mechanism for controlling, the differential mechanism includes, on the side of one of the two dies, a direction substantially perpendicular to the mold closing direction as an axis. One end of the link is connected to a die set provided so as to be slidable on one of the dies on which the axis is present. The other end of the link is slid to the other die where the axis does not exist, and the other end thereof is slid. Contact, and after this contact, move in a certain direction. It is characterized in that contact movable means that can be moved is provided.

According to the present invention, for example, when the link is fixed to the side of the lower die when the die is used in a press machine set so as to be a pair of upper and lower dies, It is. That is, the material is put into the cavity on the end face of the punch in the lower die, and the upper die set is moved downward and pressed. Then, both dies close the mold, but at the same time the upper die (hereinafter also referred to as the upper die)
Slides so as to be relatively pushed back up against the urging force, and the lower die slides so as to be pushed back down relatively against the urging force. Hereinafter, also referred to as an upper punch) relatively enters each die.

Although such a process is the same as the conventional one, according to the present invention, the contact moving means provided on the upper die set is provided with a link at substantially the same time when the mold closing surface of the upper die contacts the mold closing surface of the lower die. Touches (collides with) the other end of the base member and pushes it down. At the same time, the link rotates about its axis and the one end of the link also moves in a guided direction. For example, when the link is linear when viewed from the direction along the axis, and when the length of the link from the axis to each end is the same, after closing the mold (after contacting the upper and lower dies), the upper die set has a stroke. When moving down by S, the lower die moves down by S / 2 together with the axis position existing in the lower die. Therefore, the fixed punch of the lower die enters the S / 2 lower die relatively upward with respect to the lower die.

On the other hand, the upper die slides upward by S / 2 relative to the upper die set. Therefore, the upper punch enters the S / 2 upper die relatively downward with respect to the upper die. As understood from this, in the present invention, when the link is straight, that is, when the link is viewed from the direction along the axis, each straight line connecting the axis and both ends of the link exists substantially on a straight line. By simply changing the length of the link from the axis to each end, the approach speed ratio of both punches can be controlled to a desired value. Further, if the straight lines are not on a straight line, the approach speed of each punch can be changed in the approach stroke (for example, the initial stage and the final stage).

In the above means, it is preferable that the fixed movable direction of each end of the link is substantially perpendicular to the mold closing direction. Suitably, both ends of the link are provided with rollers rotatable about an axis substantially parallel to the axis. In the case where the rollers are provided in this manner, when controlling the entrance speed ratio of both punches to a desired value, when the link is viewed from a direction along the axis, each roller at the both ends of the axis and the link is used. If the straight lines connecting the two axes exist on substantially a straight line, the approach speed ratio of both punches can be made other than 1: 1 by making the straight line lengths different.

However, in the case where the rollers are provided in this manner, when it is desired to continuously change the speed during the approaching stroke of each punch, when the link is viewed from the direction along the axis, the link between the axis and the link is It suffices that the straight lines connecting the axes of the rollers at both ends do not exist on a straight line. The length of each straight line connecting the axis and the axis of each roller and the intersection angle of each straight line may be set according to a desired approach speed ratio of both punches and a desired speed change.

In any of the above means, at least one pair of the differential mechanisms is provided, and the axes of the links forming the two differential mechanisms are substantially on the same straight line. Assuming an arrangement that passes through the approximate center,
This is preferable because balance is maintained.

[0017]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of a closed forging die apparatus according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a schematic configuration before pressing, in which 1 is an upper die set, which is fixed to a lower portion of a press slide (movable platen) 101 via a base 2 thereof. ing. On the other hand, the lower die set 51 is fixed on a fixed bolster 102 via a base 52 thereof. An upper die (upper die) 11 is attached to the upper die set 1 so as to slide a predetermined stroke in the die closing direction (downward). However, the upper die 11 is elastically urged downward by, for example, a spring 21, and the locking portion 13 of the upper die 11 is locked by the locking portion 3 of the upper die set 1.

The mold closing surface (lower surface) 1 of the upper die 11
In the approximate center of 5, a cavity 16 for forming (forging) the material is provided.
Is recessed. At the approximate center of the upper die 11 in a plan view, there is provided a through hole 17 that opens into the cavity 16 and penetrates in the up-down direction. An axial upper punch 31 fixed downward to the upper die set 1 is provided. When the upper die 11 slides relative to the upper die set 1, the through-hole 1
7 are relatively slid. That is, after the mold is closed, when the upper die 11 is pushed back in the direction opposite to the mold closing direction against the urging force, the upper punch 31 is relatively slid in the mold closing direction by a certain stroke. .

On the other hand, similarly to the upper die 11 and the upper punch 31 provided in the upper die set 1, the lower die set 51 is provided so as to face the lower die 61 and the lower punch 81. That is, the lower die 61 slides in the lower die set 51 in the mold closing direction by a fixed stroke, and the spring 71
The pressing portion 63 of the lower die 61 is locked by the locking portion 53 of the lower die set 51 before pressing. A cavity 66 for forming (forging) a material is formed in a recess at substantially the center of a mold closing surface (upper surface) 65 of the lower die 61. And this lower die 6
1 is provided with a through hole 67 opened in the cavity 66 and penetrating in the vertical direction at substantially the center in plan view.
An axial lower punch 81 fixed upward to 1 is configured to slide relatively in the through hole 67 when the lower die 61 slides relative to the lower die set 51. For example, the upper die 11 and the like are configured to be opposed upside down.

Next, a description will be given of a differential mechanism according to the gist of the present invention. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. However, for ease of explanation, only the right side is illustrated and described except for the figure. That is, in this embodiment, the lower die 6
A support shaft 90 is fixed to the outer surface of the shaft 1 at right angles to the mold closing direction, and a linear rod-like link 91 is rotatably secured around an axis 90a of the support shaft 90.
As shown in FIG. 3, the axis 90a of the support shaft 90 of each link 91 forming the left and right differential mechanisms 99 is substantially on the same straight line, and is substantially at the center of the punches 31 and 81 when viewed from the mold closing direction. (On the central axis). Then, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, in the present embodiment, the axis 90 a is positioned at the same dimension from the axis 90 a toward each end of the link 91.
Rollers 95a and 95b are rotatably attached to a shaft 93 parallel to the shaft.

In this embodiment, a guide member 97 for rolling (or sliding) the roller 95a in the horizontal direction is fixed on the base 52 of the lower die set 51. In this embodiment, the guide member 97 is at approximately 45 degrees before pressing. A roller 95a at the lower end of the inclined link 91 is fitted so as to be in contact with the guide surface 97a (see FIG. 2). Then
A link 91 is formed around an axis 90a of the support shaft 90 by an arrow K in FIG.
When the lower die 61 is rotated in the direction and slides (downwards) with respect to the lower die set 51, the roller 95 is moved in accordance with the movement.
a is set to roll or slide in the guided horizontal direction.

On the other hand, at a position below the base 2 of the upper die set 1 and corresponding to the roller 95b at the upper end of the link 91 in a plan view, the link is moved when the upper die set 1 is moved down, that is, when the mold is closed. A pressing portion (contact moving means) 98 that contacts the roller 95b on the upper end side of the drawing 91 and then rolls the roller 95b in the horizontal direction is fixed. However, the roller contact surface (lower surface) 98a where the pressing portion 98 contacts the roller 95b is horizontal. The distance H1 between the roller 95b and the roller contact surface 98a before pressing is set to be substantially the same as the distance H2 between the mold closing surfaces 15, 65 of the upper and lower dies 11, 61.

In the apparatus 100 of this embodiment, before starting the press (before forging), the material G is put into the lower cavity 66 on the end face of the lower punch 81, and the movable platen 101 is lowered and pressed. In that case, it is as follows. That is, in the mold closing process by the press, the upper and lower dies 11, 61 are closed (see FIGS. 4 and 5), and then, as shown in FIGS. The upper and lower punches 31 and 81 slide relative to the die sets 1 and 51, respectively.
Enters the dies 11 and 61. At this time, in this embodiment, the approach speed is controlled by the differential mechanism as follows.

That is, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, in this mold closing step, the upper die set 1 is brought into contact with the mold closing surface 15 of the upper die 11 almost simultaneously with the contact of the mold closing surface 65 of the lower die 61. The provided pressing portion 98 collides with a roller 95b provided at the upper end of the link 91 in the figure, and pushes down the roller 95b.
It rotates about the 0 axis 90a (see FIGS. 6 and 7). At this time, the roller 95a on the lower side in the figure is a guide surface 97a of the guide member 97 fixed to the lower die set 51.
And moves in the horizontal direction (right in FIG. 7).

In this embodiment, the upper and lower dies 1
When the upper die set 1 moves down by the stroke S after the contact between the mold closing surfaces 15 and 65 of the die 1 and 61, the lower die 61 moves down by S / 2 together with the support shaft 90 of the lower die 61. Therefore,
After the mold closing shown in FIG. 8A is started, the punch 81 fixed to the lower die set 51 moves upward by S / 2 relatively to the lower die 61 as shown in FIG. Since the die 11 slides upward by S / 2 relative to the upper die set 1, the punch 31 fixed to the upper die set 1 moves downward by S / 2 relative to the upper die 11.
Move down. Thus, the material G is forged to form a molded product G1.

In this embodiment, however, the length of the support shaft 90 and the rollers 95a and 95b at the respective ends to the shaft 93 is made equal to 1: 1. The speed ratio can be controlled to a desired 1: 1. It is suitable for forging a molded product G1 having a vertically symmetric shape as shown in FIG. 9, and can reduce the weight of the apparatus, thereby enabling high-speed production.

In this embodiment, the differential mechanism 99 is connected to the device 10
Although it is provided on both left and right sides of 0, it may be provided before and after, or may be provided so as to be located at the four corners of the die in plan view. At this time, it is preferable that the opposing links 91 are provided so that the inclinations thereof are opposite to each other, because the balance is maintained. Further, when a pair of differential mechanisms are provided in this manner, the axis 90a of the support shaft 90 of the link 91 forming the two differential mechanisms is substantially on the same straight line as in the present embodiment, and the punch 31,
If it is arranged so as to pass through substantially the center of 81, the balance is maintained and a smooth press is secured. Further, in this embodiment, since the rollers 95a and 95b are provided at both ends of the link 91 so as to move (roll) in a fixed direction, the structure of the structure is not complicated, and the movement of the end of the link 91 is smooth. I have.

Next, another embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. However, in this embodiment, since the approach speeds of both punches are positively changed so as to be suitable for forming the vertically asymmetrical product G2 as shown in FIG. 11, only the differential mechanism is different from the above embodiment. Only the parts of the differential mechanism are illustrated and described, and the same parts as those in the above-described embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals. The same applies hereinafter. That is, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 10, up to the support shaft 90 and the shaft 93 of the rollers 95a and 95b at each end so that the entrance speed ratio of the upper and lower punches becomes appropriate according to the molded product. Length L
1 and L2 are appropriately set. In this embodiment, for example, if L1: L2 is n: 1, the upper punch 31
Of the lower punch 81 into the lower die 61 is n times as fast as the lower punch 81. As is clear from this, in molding a vertically asymmetric product, a desired speed ratio according to the form can be easily obtained.

Next, another embodiment of the differential mechanism in the apparatus of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. However,
In the present embodiment, when the link 191 is viewed from the direction along the axis of the support shaft 90 (along the axis), each straight line connecting the axis 90a and the axis of each of the rollers 95a and 95b at both ends of the link 191 is aligned. Link 19
In the present embodiment, 1 is formed in the shape of “he”. Thus, the approach speed of each of the upper and lower punches with respect to the dies can be continuously changed during the approach process, for example, at the beginning of the approach and at the end of the approach.

That is, in the present embodiment, the link 191 has a U-shape, the length of a straight line connecting the axis 90a and the center of the roller 95b at the left end of the link 191 is L1, and the length of the axis 90a and the right end of the link 191 is L1. Assuming that the length of the straight line connecting the center of the roller 95a is L2, the intersection angle between the two straight lines is θ0, and the intersection angle between the horizontal line and the straight line at the L2 portion of the link 191 is θ1. In this case, the starting point of closing the mold, that is, the pressing portion 98 is the roller 95b at the other end.
During contact, the line segment (length) of L1 and L2 in plan view
Let A and B be A and B as shown in FIG.
= L1cos (180 degrees− (θ0 + θ1)), and B
= L2cosθ1. As described above, in this embodiment, since A and B change in the mold closing stroke, the approach speed of the upper and lower punches to the dies continuously changes in the approach stroke.

That is, in this embodiment, the penetration speed of both punches is m: 1 at the beginning of molding, but n: 1 at the end of molding.
Therefore, a desired homogeneous forged product can be obtained even in the formation of a vertically asymmetric product as shown in FIG. The length ratio, angle (θ0, θ1), etc. of L1 and L2 may be appropriately designed so as to be optimal conditions according to the molded product. It is.

In the present invention, as shown in the apparatus shown in FIG.
It is preferable that the end of 1 is arranged so that it does not cross between the mold closing surfaces 15 and 65 (does not overlap when viewed from the front), and the lateral direction between the mold closing surfaces 15 and 65 is opened. By doing so, the material can be loaded or the molded product can be taken out from the side, so that the loader (arm) used for loading the material and taking out the molded product can be moved (entered or retracted) in the movement direction. This is because the degree of freedom in design increases.

In the above embodiment, the guide surface 97a of the guide member 97 for guiding the end of the link and the roller contact surface 98a of the pressing portion 98 forming the contact moving means are horizontal, and the direction of movement of each roller 95a, 95b is determined by the mold. Although the direction is substantially perpendicular to the closing direction (horizontal direction), the direction may be an inclined shape or an arc shape having a large radius of curvature.
However, it is preferable to provide it so as to move in the horizontal direction as in this embodiment because the design is easy.

Further, as shown in FIG.
As a means for guiding one end of the link 91 so as to be movable in a certain direction, a slider 1 is provided at the lower end of the link 91 so as to be rotatable around an axis.
27, and the slider 127 is attached to the lower die set 51.
May be slid on a track 128 horizontally mounted on the rail. Although not shown, the link 91 in FIG.
A spur gear is mounted on the lower end of the lower die set 51 instead of the roller 95a, and the guide surface 97 of the guide member 97 of the lower die set 51 is provided.
A rack may be provided instead of a, and the rack may always be engaged with the rack.

Further, as the contact moving means, instead of the roller 95b provided at the upper end of the link 91 in FIG. 1, the upper end of the link 91 is rotatable around the axis as shown in FIG. The slider 147 is mounted so that the upper surface is always substantially horizontal or does not incline greatly. On the other hand, the upper die set 1 is provided with a sliding portion 148 having a number of rollers, so that the upper die set 1 can be closed in the mold closing stroke. An appropriate mechanism may be used such that the sliding portion 148 contacts the slider 147 and the slider 147 may slide on the sliding portion 148 after the contact.

In the above description, the links 91 and 191 are attached to the lower die 61, and the contact moving means is provided to the upper die set 1. However, in the present invention, these can be provided upside down, and the mold can be closed laterally. The same can be realized in the case of performing. The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and can be embodied with various design changes without departing from the gist thereof.

[0037]

As is apparent from the above description, according to the closed forging die apparatus of the present invention, the differential mechanism for controlling the speed at which each punch enters each die becomes complicated and large. Without inviting, it is easy to control the speed at which each punch enters each die. Therefore, not only a symmetrical molded product but also a vertically asymmetrical product can efficiently produce a homogeneous molded product.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partially broken longitudinal sectional view showing a schematic configuration of an embodiment of a closed forging die apparatus according to the present invention before pressing.

FIG. 2 is a right side view of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a top view of the lower die set of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a partially broken longitudinal sectional view of the closed forging die apparatus of FIG. 1 during pressing (at the start of mold closing).

FIG. 5 is a right side view of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a partially broken longitudinal sectional view of the die apparatus for closed forging of FIG. 1 at the end of pressing.

FIG. 7 is a right side view of FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is a vertical sectional view of an essential part for explaining the movement of an upper and lower punch.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory view of a vertically symmetrical molded product G1, wherein A is a plan view and B is a front view.

FIG. 10 is a schematic configuration side view showing another embodiment of the differential mechanism of the mold device for closed forging according to the present invention.

FIG. 11 is an explanatory view of a vertically asymmetrical product G2, where A is a plan view and B is a front view.

FIG. 12 is a schematic configuration side view showing still another embodiment of the differential mechanism of the closed forging die apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a partially broken longitudinal sectional view showing a schematic configuration of another embodiment of a closed forging die apparatus according to the present invention before pressing.

FIG. 14 is a partial side view illustrating another embodiment of a means for guiding one end of a link so as to be movable in a certain direction.

FIG. 15 is a partial side view illustrating another embodiment of the contact moving means.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1, 51 Die set 11, 61 Dice 31, 81 Punch 90a Link axis 91, 191 Link 93 Roller shaft 95a, 95b Roller 97 Guide member 98 Pressing part (contact moving means) 99 Differential mechanism 100 Closed forging gold Mold device

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A pair of die sets are provided with dies each in an opposed arrangement, and each die is elastically urged in a mold closing direction while being slidable by each die set. A punch is fixed to the die set so as to be slidable in each die.After closing the molds of both dies, when each die is pushed back against each die set against the urging force,
A closed forging die apparatus, wherein each punch is configured to relatively enter each die, and further comprising a differential mechanism for controlling a speed at which each punch enters each die, the differential mechanism includes: As one of the two dies, a link is rotatably mounted on the side of one of the dies so that the axis is substantially perpendicular to the mold closing direction and the link is rotatable around the axis, and the one die on which the axis exists is slid. One end of the link is guided to a movably provided die set so as to be movable in a certain direction corresponding to the sliding of the one die with respect to the die set, while the other die not having the axis is slid. In the die set provided movably, the other end portion of the link is brought into contact with the die closing of both dies almost at the same time in the die closing stroke, and contact moving means capable of moving in a certain direction after this contact is provided. Characteristic for closed forging Mold equipment. 2. The closed forging die apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the fixed direction in which one end and the other end of the link are movable is a direction substantially perpendicular to a mold closing direction. 3. The closed forging die apparatus according to claim 1, wherein both ends of the link are provided with rollers rotatable around an axis substantially parallel to the axis. 4. The apparatus according to claim 3, wherein, when the link is viewed from a direction along the axis, straight lines connecting the axis and the axes of the rollers at both ends of the link are substantially on a straight line. Closed forging die equipment. 5. The apparatus according to claim 3, wherein when the link is viewed from a direction along the axis, each straight line connecting the axis and the axis of each roller at both ends of the link does not exist on a straight line. Forging die equipment. 6. An arrangement in which at least one pair of the differential mechanisms is provided, and wherein the axes of the links forming the two differential mechanisms are substantially on the same straight line and pass through substantially the center of the punch as viewed from the mold closing direction. The method according to claim 1, wherein
6. The die apparatus for closed forging according to 2, 3, 4 or 5.