JP2000235780A - Disk storage medium and picture recording and editing and reproducing method therefor and picture recording and editing and reproducing device therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enable a user to record titles indicating contents of plural pieces of contents and to manage them by allowing recording positional information of voice data corresponding to picture data to be included in the file managing information and dividing an area where the voice data are recorded in ECC block units. SOLUTION: The volume name of a disk, titles of contents, the number of PPC files expressing the number of contents in the disk and positional information of respective PPC files, object attribute information and information of a recording date, a recording time, the recording mode of picture data, the recording mode of a voice data and the index of a thumb nail or the like are housed in a title managing file 11 and they are managed. When contents of videos are recorded in a video file directory 3, picture data are subjected to an MPEG 2-compression coding and voice data are subjected to an MPEG-voice coding and the voice data are made to be streams of GOP units and they are recorded in an MVF file 31 by being divided in ECC block units.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention is used for managing contents recorded on a large-capacity disk storage medium. The present invention relates to a technique for managing recorded contents when a plurality of contents are recorded or recorded on a disk storage medium such as a large-capacity optical disk or a magneto-optical disk. The present invention can also be used for managing content recorded on a disk storage medium in a cartridge when a plurality of disk storage media are stored in one cartridge.

In the following description, an example of an optical disk is described as a disk storage medium. However, the present invention is not limited to an optical disk, and can be applied to a magneto-optical disk, a magnetic disk, and other disk storage media.

[0003]

2. Description of the Related Art There is a DVD-ROM in which video contents (or music contents) are recorded on a large-capacity disk storage medium. However, this DVD-ROM
Is configured to be read-only, so that even if a plurality of video contents are recorded, there is no need to change the entire management information. No video content is recorded.

On the other hand, a large-capacity optical disk capable of recording a plurality of video contents on one or a plurality of disk storage media has been proposed.

[0005] In addition, various compression coding techniques have been developed to efficiently record images or sounds. The JPEG image encoding method is used as a still image compression encoding method, the MPEG2 image encoding method is used as a moving image compression encoding method, and the MPEG audio encoding method and Dolby are used as audio signal compression encoding methods. An AC method or the like is used.

[0006]

When using a large-capacity optical disk on which a user can record a plurality of video contents on a single disk like a video tape, one disk is used. Can record a plurality of video contents. At this time, the user can recognize the title of the recorded video content (or music content) and its content at a glance as an index, and the management becomes complicated if there is no unified management information.

On a large-capacity optical disk on which the user can perform recording and reproduction, the user can perform erasing and editing, as with a video tape. For example,
When recording video content, there are times when it is desired to cut only the CM time zone. In the conventional video tape, in order to erase the time zone of the CM, it is necessary to perform re-recording on another video tape excluding the time zone of the CM.

On the other hand, since the disk storage medium can be accessed randomly, the CM time zone is deleted.
By performing editing work to jump to the start position of the continuation screen of the content, it is possible to perform a reproduction operation peculiar to a disk storage medium, which enables a playback operation without making the user feel that the CM time zone has been cut. is there. However, there is no proposal on how to configure the file management information for performing such editing and how to edit the file management information.

[0009] Further, the user himself / herself can edit the content and the like to exchange the video and music, and not only the deletion but also the combination can be performed. For example, an operation of completely replacing the music portion of the background of the video is possible. When such editing is performed, there is no proposal on how to manage the edited content.

Instead of recording / reproducing in units of one disk storage medium, it is conceivable to store a plurality of disk storage media in one cartridge and perform recording / reproduction in units of this cartridge. Considering that a plurality of contents are recorded, management is easier in the unit of cartridge. However, there is no proposal for a method of managing a large number of contents recorded on a plurality of disk storage media in one cartridge.

[0011] Further, there is no proposal as to what kind of management is performed when a plurality of disk storage media are stored in a cartridge and content is recorded over the plurality of disk storage media.

The present invention has been made in such a background, and a user records and manages a title indicating the contents of a plurality of contents recorded on one or a plurality of disk storage media. It is an object of the present invention to provide a disk storage medium and a title management method which can be performed. It is another object of the present invention to provide a disk storage medium that allows a user to perform editing such as erasure combination on recorded content, and a management method thereof. Another object of the present invention is to provide a file management method when a user edits a content. Another object of the present invention is to propose a recording / reproducing apparatus and a recording / reproducing method using these management methods and disk storage media.

In particular, an object of the present invention is to provide a recording / reproducing apparatus and a recording / reproducing method capable of editing audio data separately from image editing at the time of audio editing.

[0014]

According to the present invention, as a file structure of data to be recorded on a disk storage medium, management information is collectively recorded in a fixed area secured in advance as file management information. The file management information includes a recorded content title, a title management file such as information relating to recording such as an object type of attribute information indicating what kind of content, data recording start date and time information, and end information, and the like. A program management file (a program playback chain, hereinafter referred to as a PPC file) used to edit the recorded data file and indicating a connection relationship between the edited data files; Information related to recording such as end information, a correlation management file indicating a reference relationship between a data management file and a program management file that refers to a data file, a last play file indicating position information (so-called bookmark function) in the content accessed last, and the like. Is stored.

Here, the summary information includes character information indicating a summary of the content, a thumbnail image which is a reduced image of a frame of the input image, and the like. In the present invention, the summary information will be described below as thumbnail data. . The image compression coding method uses MPEG2, and a predetermined processing unit including a plurality of frames is a GOP unit (GOP).
roup Of Picture), the intra-frame coded image is I-Pictur
It will be described as e.

The image / audio data is recorded as an image / audio file. The image / audio file includes a compression-encoded image / audio data file (Multi-media Video File, hereinafter referred to as an MVF file) and an image / audio data file. M
Map file for managing VF files (MA
P).

This map file is an ECC from the head position of the MVF file compressed and encoded for each GOP.
(Error Correction Code) Block address, target GO
It has the number of P ECC blocks, the number of I-Picture ECC blocks in the target GOP, and the position information of the start frame and the end frame to be reproduced in the target GOP. With this map file, the compression-encoded image / audio data can be managed in GOP units. In addition, target GOP
ECC of the audio data in the MVF file from the top position
By having information on the block address and the number of ECC blocks, it is possible to perform post-record editing of audio data.

At the time of formatting a disk, a file management information area is generated at the beginning of the disk. Since the file management information includes items that can be changed by the user by generating or editing, a certain volume is secured as a file management information area.

At this time, by recording the image data and the audio data in different areas, the audio data can be read or written separately from the image data. This allows for post-recording (a
fter recording) and audio data can be easily added. Adding audio data means, for example, adding new audio data in English to audio data already recorded in Japanese, so that any audio in two languages can be selected during playback. Can be used for such.

That is, according to a first aspect of the present invention, file management information including position information of a program management file for managing a plurality of content streams recorded by being compressed and encoded using a variable length code is specified. This is a disk storage medium recorded in the area.

Here, a feature of the present invention is that the file management information includes recording position information of audio data corresponding to image data, and the area where the audio data is recorded is divided into ECC block units. It is separated.

The image and / or audio data file recorded on the disk storage medium in which the image and / or audio data is recorded as a data file in which the image data and / or the audio data are compression-encoded by the variable length code is compressed and encoded. And a map file containing address information for managing this data file, wherein the map file is a compression-encoded image. And / or the position information and the number of blocks of a predetermined processing unit including a plurality of frames of the sound, and the position information and the number of blocks of the sound compression-encoded in the predetermined processing unit.

It is desirable that the area in which the audio data is recorded is provided for each GOP unit of the compression-encoded image. Further, it is desirable that an area where the audio data is recorded is divided into a plurality of areas.

Further, the file management information includes a correlation management file describing a relationship between which program management file refers to which data file, and a data file in which image and / or audio data is recorded. In the case of erasing or combining, if there is another program management file that refers to the data file, it is preferable that erasing or combining is prohibited unless the other program management file is operated first. .

It is preferable that the file management information includes a last play file indicating the position of the image or audio data file that has been accessed last for each of the recorded contents.

It is preferable that the file management information includes a title for each recorded content and a schematic file indicating the content of the content.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a disk reproducing apparatus for reading file management information recorded in a specific area reserved in advance on a disk storage medium when the disk storage medium is inserted into the disk reproducing apparatus. Is the way.

Here, it is a feature of the present invention that image data and audio data are recorded in different areas on the disk storage medium, and the information of the different areas is stored in the file management information. When the recorded disk storage medium is inserted into a disk reproducing apparatus, the file management information is read out, and the desired image data and audio data are rearranged in a synchronized manner and reproduced.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided means for reading file management information recorded in a specific area reserved in advance on a disk storage medium when the disk storage medium is inserted into a disk reproducing apparatus. It is a disk reproducing apparatus provided with the apparatus.

Here, it is a feature of the present invention that image data and audio data are recorded in different areas on the disk storage medium, and the information of the different areas is included in the file management information. When the recorded disk storage medium is inserted into a disk reproducing apparatus, the file management information is read, and desired image data and audio data are synchronized according to the file management information read by the reading means. And a means for re-arranging and reproducing the data.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, when recording content by performing compression encoding on a disk storage medium, position information of a predetermined processing unit including a plurality of frames of compression encoding is extracted as map information. This is a recording method of a disk storage medium provided with a file management information area recorded in a specific area different from a recording area of content data.

Here, it is a feature of the present invention that image data and audio data are recorded in different areas on the disk storage medium, and the information of the different areas is included in the file management information. Where it is recorded.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, position information of a predetermined processing unit including a plurality of frames of compression-encoded image data and audio data is recorded as a map file on a disk storage medium. The audio data file is edited in the predetermined processing unit and stored in a program management file so as to indicate the positions of the continuous image data and audio data of the edited result. This is a method of editing a recording stored in a storage area of file management information.

Here, a feature of the present invention is that, for each of the predetermined processing units, an area for storing audio data corresponding to the image data of this processing is provided, and this area is recorded in the area for storing this audio data. The position information of the audio data is recorded in the program management file, and the audio data stored in the area for storing the audio data is updated or added.

It is desirable to provide an empty area for adding new audio data in the area for storing the audio data.

A sixth aspect of the present invention is a recording / editing apparatus for a disk storage medium.
Means for compressing and encoding the recorded content on a disk storage medium;
Means for recording the encoded image and audio data as a data file for each content, means for creating a map file of positional information of the recorded image and audio data, and reading and decoding the recorded data file Means, a memory means for storing a program management file for managing the stream of the data file as file management information, and an input means for inputting an edit instruction, wherein the program management file is inputted by the input means. The result of erasing or combining the data file by the operation is stored in a predetermined processing unit including a plurality of frames of the data file.

[0037]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a file structure provided on a disk storage medium showing an example of an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a root directory. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of the management file directory. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the structure of a video file directory. In the following embodiment of the present invention, data recorded on a disk storage medium is MPEG data.
A description will be given on the assumption that the data is compression-encoded using a two-image encoding method and an MPEG audio encoding method.

The files recorded in the root directory 1 and the management file directory 2 shown in FIG. 1 correspond to file management information for managing the recorded contents. This file management information is provided in a specific area of the disk storage medium. This specific area is reserved in advance as an area for recording file management information, and since the capacity of the file management information fluctuates due to recording and editing by the user, a certain capacity is required when the disc is initialized. Reserved in advance.

The file management information is divided into a root directory 1 and a management file directory 2.
The root directory 1 contains a title management file 11,
Thumbnail file 12, MVF correlation management file 1
3, the last play file 14. The title management file 11 is a file for managing the contents of the entire disc or cartridge.
As shown in FIG. 2, the title management file 11 includes a volume name of the disc, a content title, the number of PPC files indicating the number of contents in the disc, position information of each PPC file, object attribute information, Information such as recording date and time, recording time, image data recording mode, audio data recording mode, and thumbnail index are stored in the title management file 11.
Is stored and managed.

Here, the object attribute information is M
PEG2 video, MPEG audio, Dolby AC audio, J
This is information indicating the type of PEG still image data, uncompressed still image data, and the like, and is used to instruct what kind of reproduction processing is to be performed when the content is reproduced.

The index of the thumbnail is
This is for indicating a data position in the thumbnail file 12.

As shown in FIG. 2, the thumbnail file 12 is used to record the content contents together with the respective content titles when the disc storage medium is inserted into the reproducing apparatus so that the contents can be grasped. Record a reduced still image.

In this embodiment, the title management file 11
And the thumbnail file 12 are separated, and the thumbnails of the respective contents are stored in the thumbnail file 1 using the thumbnail index in the title management file 11.
2 is stored. This is because thumbnail data has a larger recording capacity than PPC files,
When playing back with an inexpensive recording / playback device that does not have sufficient memory, the user can read the title information recorded in the PPC file without reading the thumbnail file 12 to provide the user with the content information recorded in the disk storage medium. Can be notified, and compatibility with recording / reproducing devices of different specifications can be maintained. When there are no plural types of specifications as described above, the thumbnail file 12 can be stored in the title management file 11 and managed.

As shown in FIG. 2, the MVF correlation management file 13 is a PP for controlling the reproduction of the recorded content.
This is a file for adjusting the contention of the video data recorded in the video file directory 3 referred to by the C file, and records whether each PPC file refers to the MVF file 31 in the video file directory 3. This is because a PPC file that refers to each MVF file is recorded, and when editing a content, for example, when trying to delete an entire MVF file, referring to the MVF file to be deleted If there is an existing PPC file, a message indicating that the PPC file cannot be deleted is displayed to the user, or the GOP information of the PPC file that needs to be changed by MVF deletion is reconstructed.

As shown in FIG. 2, the last play file 14 fulfills a so-called bookmark function, and is composed of the name of the PPC file last reproduced by the user and the last reproduced GOP position information of the PPC file, or a cartridge. In this case, information such as the disk number where the PPC file played last is located is recorded. This is because, in the case of a recording / reproducing apparatus using a tape storage medium, when the user stops the reproduction processing or after the recording processing is completed, the user removes the tape storage medium from the apparatus without rewinding it and inserts it again into the tape. Since the storage medium stops at the position where the recording was stopped last time, the disk storage medium cannot detect the physical head stop position. Therefore, the position of the last reproduced content must be recorded in the last play file 14. In the same manner as a recording / reproducing device using a tape storage medium,
It is possible to realize a function of reproducing from the previous continuation.

The last play file 14 cannot be used if the user has set a notch for preventing recording to prevent erroneous recording, since recording data on a disk storage medium is prohibited. By storing the unique ID of the disk storage medium and the information of the last play file 14 in a non-volatile memory inside the recording / reproducing apparatus, the same recording / reproducing apparatus can realize the same function as the last play file 14. Can be.

When the disk storage medium is housed in the cartridge, the cartridge main body is provided with a non-volatile memory, and the information of the last play file 14 is stored to realize the same function as the last play file 14. be able to.

Next, the files in the management file directory 2 will be described. The management file directory is P
It consists of a PC file 21, a thumbnail file 22, and a MAP file 32, and may be located on the same disk storage medium as the root directory or on each disk storage medium.

The PPC file 21 manages a content stream and is used for editing and reproducing recorded video content and the like. This PPC file manages the target MVF file in GOP units.
As shown in, the file index of the target MVF file and the position information of the target GOP for specifying the target GOP, the ECC block address from the start position of the MVF file, the number of ECC blocks of the target GOP, and the Number of I-Picture ECC blocks, start frame position and end frame position of the target GOP,
The start offset address and the number of ECC blocks of the audio data included in the target GOP are stored. Thereby, the content can be reproduced by accessing the MVF file storing the target content based on the information of the PPC file.

As shown in FIG. 3, the thumbnail file 22 stores the thumbnail image of the MVF file corresponding to the PPC file as a still image, and has a file structure of the thumbnail file 12 of the root directory 1.
Is the same as

The MAP file 32 is an MVF file 3
1 is a file for managing the number of total GOPs in the MVF file 31 and each GOP as shown in FIG.
The ECC block address from the start position of the MVF file of the target GOP, the number of ECC blocks of the target GOP, and the E of the I-Picture of the target GOP, which represent the OP management information.
Information on the number of CC blocks, the reproduction start frame and the end frame position of the target GOP is stored. For example, GOP
When the number of image frames in the frame is 15, a value of 1 is recorded in the start frame position and a value of 15 is recorded in the end frame position. The audio information also stores the start position information of the audio data in the target GOP and the number of ECC blocks. This one MAP file 32 is one MVF file 3
1 and is automatically created when the MVF file 31 is created (recorded). That is, when recording a certain content, the MVF file 3
When 1 is created, the management information for each GOP is automatically taken in and the MAP file 32 is created.

Next, the video file directory 3 will be described.

As shown in FIG. 4, the MVF file 31 is a file in which video or audio data of each recorded content is stored.
The data compressed by G2 is aligned (separated) and recorded in units of ECC blocks in units of video data and audio data in units of GOP. Here, the number of frames constituting one GOP is determined by NTS broadcasted in Japan, the United States, etc.
In the case of the C system, the number of image frames per second is 29.9.
Since there are seven sheets, 15 is often used but is not particularly limited. In particular, in the case of having a variable GOP structure, the number of frames forming the GOP changes adaptively due to a scene change or the like. The video data and the audio data are reproduced by reading the compression-encoded data from the MVF file and performing a decoding process.

FIG. 16 shows an example of the data arrangement of compressed data used in a DVD-ROM. In the figure, V represents compressed image data, and A represents compressed audio data. Data is recorded in sector units (generally, 2 KB). On the other hand, the MVF file of the present invention is G
In the OP data, compressed audio data is arranged in ECC block units after the compressed image data.

For example, when replacing audio data, the format used in the DVD-ROM does not have management information on the position of the audio data, and the data arrangement has no regularity. All the compressed data is read out from the optical disk 50 in order, and a means for recording the newly replaced audio data at the sector position determined to be the audio data portion is required, so that the audio data cannot be easily replaced. FIG. 17 is a diagram showing an example of the data arrangement of the compressed data according to the present invention. On the other hand, as shown in FIG.
Since the VF file manages the audio data position in the MAP file 32 and arranges the data in units of ECC blocks, the audio data can be replaced without having to be read from the optical disk. There is.

In the case of adding audio data, for example, consider a case where recording is performed in Japanese 2ch and then recorded in English 2ch.
Here, it is assumed that the audio data area to be added in advance is secured at the time of recording. In the DVD-ROM format, as in the case of the above-described replacement of the audio data, the audio data portion cannot be identified unless all the necessary compressed data is read out in order. On the other hand, in the data arrangement according to the present invention, only the audio data portion is read from the optical disk according to the MAP file, and the additional audio is recorded in a previously secured area, so that the audio data can be easily added.

Further, since the MAP file 32 has the start address of the GOP and the number of I-Picture ECC blocks in the GOP, the file address can be known, but the I-Picture area necessary for the quick preview is not known. Therefore, it is necessary to detect the end point of the I-Picture data by decoding the compressed data or to detect the header of the compressed data. In contrast, in the present invention, I-Pict
MAP that manages GOP information in addition to the start address of ure
Since the data is stored in the file 32, the address jump, the data reading of the required number of blocks, and the decoding process can be continuously performed without performing a decoder or a header detection. A faster preview preview can be performed.

FIG. 5 shows a case where one cartridge includes a plurality of disk storage media, and the disk storage media in the cartridge has a structure that cannot be taken out by a user.
9 shows an example of file arrangement when content is recorded over a plurality of disk storage media. On disk # 1, content # 1 is an MVF file # 1
, The content # 2 is recorded as the MVF file # 2, and half of the content # 3 is recorded as the MVF file # 3-
1 and the other half of the content # 3 is recorded on the disc # 2 as an MVF file # 3-2.

In this case, the file management information of the root directory file 1 is stored in a specific area at the head of the disk # 1, and the content management of the entire cartridge is performed by using the file management information. , # 2 are managed using the management file directory 2 placed for each disk. As described above, it is convenient for the user to perform reproduction or recording in a form in which a plurality of disk storage media are housed in one cartridge, and it is convenient for a user to store or store a plurality of disk storage media in one cartridge. In order to manage a large number of recorded contents, when a cartridge is inserted into a recording / reproducing apparatus, the file management information placed in a root directory is recorded on a disk storage medium to be loaded first, so that a plurality of disks can be stored. The user can know the contents of the entire cartridge at a higher speed than recording the management information of the root directory individually on the medium. The present invention, as described in detail above, a large number of contents recorded on a plurality of disk storage media,
The utility value is also large in that it can be managed collectively with file management information provided on one predetermined disk storage medium.

Next, the operation of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 6 which shows a configuration example of a recording / reproducing apparatus using a large-capacity optical disk.

This recording / reproducing apparatus includes an optical disk 50,
An optical disk device 40, an analog input I / F 52 for performing A / D conversion of image / audio data input from a tuner or another recording / reproducing device, and an MPEG2 for compressing and encoding image data using an MPEG2 encoding method. An image encoder 41, an MPEG audio encoder 53 for compressing and encoding audio data using the MPEG audio encoding method, a multiplexer 48 for composing the compressed image / audio data into one stream, A disk drive I / F 51 for inputting and outputting multiplexed data and management file data to and from the optical disk device 40, a separator 49 for separating compressed image / audio streams, and an M for decoding compressed image data.
A PEG2 image decoder 42, an MPEG audio decoder 54 for decoding compressed audio data, and an analog output I / F 55 for D / A converting the decoded image / audio data
And a display 44 for outputting image data
And an audio output device 43 for outputting audio data, a control unit 45 for controlling the entire recording / reproducing device, a memory unit 46 for storing a control program, file management information, and the like, and instructions for editing and reproducing. The operation unit 47 is provided.

Here, the multiplexer 48 rearranges the compressed image data and audio data for each GOP so that the image data and audio data are aligned in units of ECC blocks, and / F 51, the number of ECC blocks for each GOP, the number of I-Picture ECC blocks, the ECC offset address of audio data, the number of ECC blocks of audio data, and the memory unit managed by the control unit 45 through the control bus. Output to 46. The control unit 45 receives management information for each GOP from the multiplexer 48, performs processing for MAP file information, and updates the memory unit 46. When the recording operation is completed, the MAP file 32 is output to the management file directory 2. Disk drive I / F51
Is connected to the optical disk device 40, the MPEG video / audio stream bus, and the control bus, and includes an internal buffer memory for smoothly performing data and control. The recording / reproducing apparatus shown in FIG. 6 is an example, and can be realized regardless of the configuration of the recording / reproducing apparatus of the present invention.

Next, the overall operation of the recording / reproducing apparatus will be described with reference to FIG.
This will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing the overall operation of the recording / reproducing apparatus of the present invention. When the optical disk 50 is inserted into the optical disk device 40, the optical disk device 40 determines whether or not the optical disk 50 is a new optical disk.
The areas of the root directory 1 and the management file directory 2 shown in FIG. 1 are secured. If the optical disk is not a new optical disk, the title management file 11, the thumbnail file 12, and the last play file 14 are read and stored in the memory 46, and the main menu is displayed on the display 44.

In the main menu, if the optical disk 50 is not a new optical disk, already recorded content titles and corresponding thumbnails are displayed.
When the previous end time read from the last play file 14 is reproduction, the reproduction end position is displayed. When the last end time is recording, the recording start position is displayed. Further, information on the recordable time of the optical disc is also displayed.

Thus, the recording / reproducing apparatus operates the operation unit 47
Is ready to receive an instruction input from. Therefore, each operation is started in response to each input of the reproduction instruction, the edit instruction, and the recording instruction from the operation unit 47. When an instruction to remove the optical disk 50 is input from the operation unit 47, the optical disk 50 is removed.

Next, the operation at the time of recording will be described.

At the time of recording, recording start date and time information is automatically recorded in the title management file 11 of the root directory 1 based on information from a clock mechanism built in the apparatus, and at the end of recording, the recording time length information. At this time, information of a recording date, a recording time, a recording time, and a recording mode is stored in the title management file 11 as information to be recorded. In addition, a title can be input as character information so that a user can easily determine each content.
The title is supplementary information EPG (Ele
ctric Program Guide) decoded data can also be described automatically. The title management file 11
When storing and managing a plurality of disk storage media in one cartridge, the number of disk storage media in the cartridge, an identification ID for identifying each disk storage medium
Are stored.

In the thumbnail file 12 of the root directory 1, the first image is automatically recorded as a thumbnail image at the start of recording of the content. However, after recording the content, the user can replace the image with an arbitrary image. is there.

When recording video contents in the video file directory 3, the image data is stored in MPEG2
The compression encoding is performed, and the audio data is subjected to the MPEG audio encoding, and the MVF file 31 is converted into a stream in GOP units.
Are recorded while being separated in ECC block units. Here, the streams in the GOP are arranged in the order of compressed image data and compressed audio data. In addition, the size of the ECC block is generally about 32 KB, but the effect does not change even in other units.

At this time, the MAP file 32 that manages the MVF file 31 in GOP units is
1, the ECC block address from the MVF file head position of the target GOP, the target GOP
ECC block number, E-Picture E in target GOP
The number of CC blocks, the start frame position and end frame position in the target GOP, the offset address from the ECC block address of the target GOP of the compressed audio data as the audio information, and the number of ECC blocks of the compressed audio data in the target GOP are stored in the file management directory. 2 is recorded.

Here, the ECC block offset address of the compressed audio data has the same function as the address from the head position of the MVF file, but the amount of memory required for storage is larger than at the time of the offset address.

When the recording operation is completed, the generated MAP
A PPC file 21 having the same contents as the file 31 is generated in the management file directory 2. This is because the MAP file exists to manage the MVF file for editing and erasing, whereas the PPC file is used by the user to create a table of contents using a thumbnail at an arbitrary position after recording the content. This is because it can be edited. Editing work will be described later.

FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing the recording operation. The recording operation starts according to the recording instruction input from the operation unit 47. First, a reduced image of the leading image at the start of the content is generated as thumbnail data and stored in the memory unit 46. Subsequently, MAP header data is generated in the MAP file 32 of the video file directory 3. The MAP header data records information on the conditions under which the MVF file has been encoded. As the header data, the maximum coding rate, GO
P structure, horizontal / vertical resolution of an input image, and the like. For image data, compressed data is generated using an MPEG2 image encoder 41, and for audio data, an MPEG audio encoder 53 is used to generate compressed data. To generate a stream, and the stream is recorded in the MVF file 31 as MPEG data. Along with MPEG data recording for each GOP, MA
Update P data. This operation is performed until a stop instruction is input from the operation unit 47 if there is an empty area on the optical disk 50. When there is no free space in the optical disk 50 or when a stop instruction is input from the operation unit 47, the MAP file 32 is saved, and the PPC file 21 having the same contents as the MAP file 32 is saved. Also, the thumbnail file 12 is updated / stored using the thumbnail data generated at the start of recording, the recorded content name and the recording start position are stored in the last play file 14, and finally, the title management file 1 is stored.
1 is updated / saved.

Next, the operation of reproducing the recorded content will be described.

In this embodiment, since a plurality of video contents are recorded on one disk storage medium, the MVF file # 1 and the MVF file # 2 are stored on one optical disk.

After the user inserts the optical disk (or cartridge) into the playback device and selects a content and gives a playback instruction, the PPC file 21 corresponding to the specified content is stored in the management file directory 2 from the specified content. Is present, the thumbnail file 22 is read from the management file directory 2 and stored in the memory unit 46. Also, the MVF file 31 referred to by the PPC file 21
Is stored in the read memory unit 46, the GOP information is reconstructed in accordance with the GOP playback order specified by the PPC file 21, and the data of the MVF file 31 is read according to the GOP information.
The separator 49 separates the compressed image / audio data, and the compressed image data is decoded using the MPEG2 image decoder 42 and the compressed audio data is decoded using the MPEG audio decoder 54 and output. Here, when there is a thumbnail file 22 created by the user through the editing operation, the reproduction of the edited content can be started from an arbitrary GOP position using the thumbnail data and the GOP position designated by the thumbnail data. It is possible.

As a reproduction method equivalent to a sequential medium such as a video tape, a MAP file 32
Are arranged in the order of recording date and time, the GOP information is rearranged in the disc or all the discs in the cartridge, and reproduction is performed in the order of the recording date and time. This allows the user to view all the contents in the disc in order without specifying the contents.

FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing the reproducing operation. The content to be reproduced is selected from the operation unit 47, and the reproduction operation is started according to the input of the reproduction instruction. When selecting the content to be reproduced, the information read from the last play file 14 may be used to notify the user of the previous reproduction end position or the information of the content that has been recorded but has not been reproduced. it can.

When the reproducing operation is started, the PPC file 21 of the selected content is read from the management file directory 2 of the optical disk 50 and is expanded in the memory 46. The MAP referred to by the PPC file 21
The file 32 is read out, and according to the editing program of the PPC file 21, the reference MVF file name, ECC block address, ECC block number, GO
The aforementioned information such as the number of ECC blocks of the I-Picture in P is developed in the memory unit 46. In accordance with the GOP information, compressed data is read from the optical disk 50, image / audio data is decoded, and the content is reproduced. Here, when a stop instruction is input from the operation unit 47, a manual stop process is executed, and the last play file 14 is updated. In addition, even when the stop instruction is not input from the operation unit 47, when the content ends, a program stop process is executed, and the last play file 14 is updated.

In the case of the reproduction process from an arbitrary GOP position using the thumbnail file 22 described above, after the MAP file is expanded, the specified GOP position is set to the specified EC.
A jump is made to the C block address, and the reading and reproducing process of the MVF file 31 is started.

Next, the operation in editing the recorded content will be described.

The editing operation includes the GO of the PPC file 21.
There are two types of editing methods: an editing method for only the P information, and a method of partially deleting the MVF file 31 and reconstructing the information of the MAP file 32.

First, a method of editing only the GOP information of the PPC file 21 will be described.

When the user wants to skip a portion unnecessary for the user, for example, the CM portion of the recorded content and reproduce the content, the user designates the frame position to be skipped, and changes the GOP information of the PPC file 21 to obtain the unnecessary portion. Playback can be performed. That is, the reproduction start frame position and the reproduction stop frame position information in the GOP in the PPC file 21 are rewritten, and the MPEG image encoder decodes the compressed image data using the start / stop frame position information. At this time, an instruction is given to the display 44 as to whether or not to output the decoded image data.

At this time, the editing operation is to reproduce the content to be edited. For example, when an image to be cut starts, an operation key for instructing the cut is operated, and when the image to be reproduced starts, the cut is started. To end. By this instruction input, unnecessary parts are deleted from the PPC file 21 and GOP position information is changed.

In the case of coupling, the MV to be coupled
F file playback stop frame position and the other MV
By designating the reproduction start frame position of the F file and reconstructing the GOP information in the PPC file, it is possible to continuously reproduce the image data without actually combining the image data.

As an example, FIG.
0, FIG. 11, and FIG. MVF of FIG.
An example of cutting the CM section for the file 31 will be described. As shown in FIG. 11, the PPC file 21 has an ECC block address from the start position of the MVF file, the number of ECC blocks of the GOP,
The number of ECC blocks of Picture, the start frame position and the end frame position in the GOP, the ECC block address of the compressed audio data, and the number of ECC blocks of the compressed audio data are stored as GOP information.
P is composed of 13 ECC blocks from the 292 ECC block, and I-Picture is composed of 3 ECC blocks, and reproduces the first to fifteenth frames. Since the offset address of the audio data is 12, the actual ECC block address on the MVF file is composed of one ECC block from the 292 + 12 = 304 ECC block.

As shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, the tenth
When deleting the CM from the fifth frame of the GOP to the twelfth frame of the 35th GOP, the end frame position of the 10th GOP of the PPC file 21 is changed from 15 to 4,
The information from the 11th GOP to the 34th GOP is deleted, and the start frame position of the 35th GOP is changed from 1 to 13. By changing the PPC file 21, MPEG2
After starting the reproduction of the 10th GOP, the image decoder 42 outputs to the display 44 from the first frame to the fourth frame, and then outputs the display from the 13th frame of the 35th frame to the display 4
4 to output the reproduced image.

In the editing of video and audio data, the erasing of the image portion includes erasing in GOP units and erasing in frame units. When the GOP is composed of, for example, 15 frames, the video and audio data can be deleted in units of 15 frames, and the MVF file 31 is deleted in units of GOP. When erasing is performed in frame units, since the MVF file 31 stores image data generated by the MPEG2 image encoding method, simple image data cannot be erased in frame units. By rewriting the position and end frame position information, a function equivalent to erasing is realized. FIG. 13 shows an example of the configuration of a GOP, where the I-Picture of the intra-coded image is I, the P-Picture of the forward predicted image is P, and the B-Picture of the bidirectional predicted image is B.
And the frame number in the GOP is indicated by a subscript (for example, P4 means P-Picture of the fourth frame in the GOP). If you try to delete the ninth to twelfth frames of this GOP, B7
And P12 need P10 to play back,
Since the frame cannot be deleted, when erasing the frame to be edited from the MVF data, the target GOP must be reproduced and re-encoded, which complicates the processing.
In the present embodiment, erasing in units of frames does not actually delete data, but designates a reproduction start frame position and an end frame position on the MAP file, and uses MPEG2 so that unnecessary frames are not displayed during reproduction. By operating the image decoder, the user can view the same content as the content deleted in frame units.

Next, the case where the MVF correlation management file (LNK file) 13 is used will be described. The LNK file 13 is used to manage conflicts between the PPC files 21 that refer to the MVF file 31 to be deleted when performing an editing operation including an entire deletion and a partial deletion of the MVF file 31. As a structure of the LNK file 13, a PPC file name corresponding to a certain MVF file name and a GOP position referred to by the MVF are stored.
Here, in order to simplify the conflict management, the conflict management can be performed only with the PPC file name corresponding to the MVF file name.

For example, when a certain MVF file 31 is referred to by two PPC files 21, one PP file 21
If an attempt is made to delete the MVF file 31 using the C file 21, it is understood that another PPC file 21 refers to the MVF file 31 by referring to the LNF file 13. For this reason, MVF
When a file is deleted, another PPC file becomes inconsistent. In order to avoid this, there are a method in which the user manually resolves the conflict of the MVF file and a method in which the recording and editing apparatus automatically resolves the conflict.

When the user manually resolves the conflict, M
By displaying to the user that the VF file 31 cannot be deleted, the user can delete the reference portion of the MVF file from another PPC file,
The MVF file 31 to be edited can be deleted and combined.

[0094] The recording / editing apparatus refers to the PP that refers to the MVF file to be edited from the LNF file.
If the C file exists, the user is notified that another PPC file refers to the MVF file to be edited. When the user continues the editing operation and partially erases the MVF file, the PPC file that referred to the MVF file before editing refers to an image frame different from the content intended by the user. Therefore, if the referenced GOP data does not exist in the MVF file,
The target GOP area is deleted from the PPC file, and the GOP data to which reference is made exists, but there is a change in the GOP number, that is, the GOP after the deleted GOP is deleted.
When the OP address is referred to, the conflict is avoided by reassigning the reference GOP address number based on the edited information.

Further, in the cartridge, since the PPC file 21 exists in each disk storage medium in the cartridge, it is necessary to perform a conflict management at the time of the editing operation, so that it is necessary to perform a conflict check of the PPC files 21 of all the disks. While high-speed editing operations are difficult, the use of the LNK file 13 enables contention management of a large number of contents recorded in a disc or a cartridge, thereby enabling high-speed and safe editing work. it can.

FIG. 14 shows an example of erasing an MVF file in GOP units. 10th of MVF file
This indicates that the 24th GOP is deleted from the GOP, and the image data section indicated by A1 and the image data section indicated by A2 are processed by an editing operation. At this time, PP
C file # 2 is the 55th of the MVF file before the editing operation
Assuming that the 59th GOP is referenced from the GOP, the region from the 10th GOP to the 24th GOP is deleted after the editing operation. Therefore, the GOP position of the MVF file originally referred to by the PPC file # 2 is from the 40th GOP. become.

In a recording / editing device that automatically avoids conflicts, since the MVF file position referred to by the PPC file # 2 is behind the deleted area, the original reference address 55 and the deleted GOP Since the area is 15 GOPs, the reference start GOP address is 55 to 40
become. Similarly, the reference end GOP is changed from 59 to 44 GOP.

As described above, when performing an editing operation including area deletion, if there is a PPC file that refers to the MVF file to be edited, there is a problem that the referenced GOP position is shifted. , It can be managed so that a logical number shift does not occur.

FIG. 15 is a flowchart showing the editing operation. The editing operation starts according to the editing instruction input from the operation unit 47. When the content desired to be edited is selected, the corresponding PPC file 21 and MAP file 32 are read from the optical disk 50 into the memory unit 46 via the optical disk device 40, and the reproducing operation starts.

Here, at the position of the image data or audio data that the user wants to insert at the editing point, the user selects this and cuts in. Start G after making cut-in
A thumbnail image after the OP position is extracted and cut-in is performed is generated from the reproduced image. Further, if there is image data and / or audio data that the user wants to delete from the edit point, the user selects these and performs cutout. End G after performing cut-in and cut-out in this way
Extract the OP position. Extracted start GOP, end GO
The PPC file 21 is newly created or updated according to the P position. If there is another editing point that the user wants to edit, the editing is performed similarly. When saving these editing results, the MAP file 32 is updated, the PPC file 21 and the thumbnail file 22 are created or updated, and saved on the optical disk 50, and the title management file 1 is saved.
1. Update the LNK file 13 and save it on the optical disk 50.

FIG. 18 is a diagram showing the structure of a GOP according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 18, the GOP has an I-Pi
cture is arranged, and image data and audio data are arranged. When the GOP shown in FIG. 18 is recorded in the MAP file 32, when the GOP shown in FIG.
It has a C block address, the total number of ECC blocks in the target GOP, the number of ECC blocks in the I-Picture, information on the start frame and end frame positions in the target GOP, and information on the recording start position of audio data.

Specifically, GOP # 1 has an ECC block address: 1, a total number of ECC blocks: 15, and an I-Pict.
ure ECC block number: 2, start frame: 1, end frame: 15, audio data recording start position information: 12
It is. GOP # 2 has an ECC block address: 16, a total number of ECC blocks: 15, an I-Picture ECC block number: 3, a start frame: 16, an end frame: 30, and recording start position information of audio data: 27. is there. Also, a certain area is allocated to the audio data area,
Free space is stuffed.

FIG. 19 is a diagram showing an example of division of the audio data area. FIG. 19A shows an example of one stereo channel. The audio data area is divided into two parts, and one of the stereo L
The channel and the R channel are recorded, and the other is used as stuffing. FIG. 19B shows an example of two stereo channels, in which the audio data area is divided into two parts, one of which records the stereo L1 channel and the R1 channel, and the other records the stereo L2 channel and the R2 channel. FIG. 19C shows an example of a single voice, in which the voice data area is divided into two parts, and one is recorded in Japanese and the other is stuffing. FIG. 19D shows an example of the sub sound, in which the sound data area is divided into two, and one is recorded in Japanese and the other is recorded in English.

As described above, the audio data recording area is
Since it is a C block unit, only audio data can be replaced or audio data can be inserted into an empty area without performing error correction on image data compressed and encoded at the time of audio editing. Thus, audio data can be edited separately from image editing.

As a result, the user can select either one channel or two channels of the audio data for recording or reproduction, or select either Japanese or English for recording or reproduction. Or,
It is also possible to add a sound effect and other sound data to the sound data recorded at the time of the initial recording and record the sound data later, and simultaneously reproduce the sound data.

[0106]

As described above, according to the present invention,
The audio data can be edited separately from the image data. Therefore, it is also possible to add sound effects and other sound data to the sound data recorded at the time of the initial recording, add the sound data later, and simultaneously reproduce the sound data. Multilingual content can be edited by inserting multiple national languages.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a relationship between a management file and a data file according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a configuration of a root directory.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a configuration of a management file directory.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a configuration of a video file.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a relationship between files when a plurality of contents are continuously recorded on a plurality of disk storage media.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of the structure of a disk recording / reproducing device.

FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing the overall operation of the recording / reproducing apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a flowchart illustrating a recording operation.

FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing a reproducing operation.

FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing an editing operation.

FIG. 11 is a view showing an example of an editing operation in which no change is made to the MVF file.

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing an example of GOP information of a PPC file before an editing operation.

FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an example of GOP information of a PPC file after an editing operation.

FIG. 14 is a view showing an example of an editing operation for changing the MVF file.

FIG. 15 is a diagram showing an example of deleting a frame in a GOP.

FIG. 16 is a diagram showing an example of a data arrangement of compressed data.

FIG. 17 is a diagram showing an example of a data arrangement of compressed data according to the present invention.

FIG. 18 is a diagram showing a configuration of a GOP of the present invention.

FIG. 19 is a diagram showing an example of dividing an audio data area.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 1 root directory 2 management file directory 3 video file directory 11 title management file 12, 22 thumbnail file 13 MVF correlation management file 14 last play file 21 program management file 31 MVF file 32 MAP file 40 optical disk device 41 MPEG2 image encoder 42 MPEG2 Image decoder 43 Audio output device 44 Display unit 45 Control unit 46 Memory unit 47 Operation unit 48 Multiplexer 49 Separator 50 Optical disk 51 Disk drive I / F 52 Analog input I / F 53 MPEG audio encoder 54 MPEG audio Decoder 55 Analog output I / F

Continued on the front page F-term (reference) DC05 DC15 DE04

Claims (13)

[Claims] 1. A disk storage medium in which file management information including position information of a program management file for managing a plurality of content streams recorded by being compressed and encoded using a variable length code is recorded in a specific area. The file management information includes recording position information of audio data corresponding to the image data, and an area where the audio data is recorded is an ECC (error correlator).
rection code) A disk storage medium characterized by being divided into block units. 2. A disk storage medium in which an image and / or audio is recorded as a data file compressed and encoded with a variable length code, wherein the file of image and / or audio data recorded on the disk storage medium is compressed. It is composed of a data file in which a stream of encoded image and / or audio data is recorded in block units, and a map file containing address information for managing this data file, wherein the map file is compressed and encoded. Disk storage including position information and the number of blocks of a predetermined processing unit including a plurality of frames of an image and / or sound, and position information and the number of blocks of audio compressed and encoded in the predetermined processing unit. Medium. 3. The disk storage medium according to claim 1, wherein an area in which the audio data is recorded is provided for each of the predetermined processing units of the compression-encoded image. 4. The disk storage medium according to claim 1, wherein an area in which the audio data is recorded is divided into a plurality of areas. 5. The file management information includes a correlation management file describing a relation between which program management file refers to which data file, and a data file in which image and / or audio data is recorded. In the case of erasing or merging, when there is another program management file that refers to the data file, erasing or merging is prohibited unless another program management file is operated first. The disk storage medium according to any one of claims 1, 3, 4, and 5, wherein 6. The file management information according to claim 1, wherein a last play file indicating a position of an image or audio data file that has been accessed last for each of the recorded contents is included. A disk storage medium according to any one of claims 4 and 5. 7. The file management information according to claim 1, further comprising: a title for each recorded content; and a schematic file indicating the content of the content.
7. The disk storage medium according to any one of 4, 5, and 6. 8. A disk reproducing method for reading file management information recorded in a specific area reserved in advance in the disk storage medium when the disk storage medium is inserted into the disk reproduction apparatus. The image data and the audio data are recorded in different areas, respectively. The file management information records the information in the different areas, respectively. When the disc storage medium is inserted into a disc playback device, the file A disk reproducing method, comprising reading management information, rearranging and reproducing desired image data and audio data so as to be synchronized with each other, and reproducing the disk. 9. A disk reproducing apparatus comprising: means for reading file management information recorded in a specific area reserved in advance on the disk storage medium when the disk storage medium is inserted into the disk reproduction apparatus. Image data and audio data are recorded in different areas on the disk storage medium, respectively, and the information on the different areas is recorded on the file management information, respectively, when the disk storage medium is inserted into a disk playback device. Means for reading out the file management information; and means for rearranging and reproducing desired image data and audio data in synchronization with each other in accordance with the file management information read out by the reading means. Characteristic disk playback device. 10. When recording content by performing compression encoding on a disk storage medium, position information of a predetermined processing unit including a plurality of frames of compression encoding is extracted as map information, and a recording area of the content data is extracted. Is a recording method of a disk storage medium provided with a file management information area recorded in another specific area, wherein the disk storage medium has image data and audio data recorded in different areas, respectively, Recording information of the different areas, respectively. 11. Position information of a predetermined processing unit including a plurality of frames of compression-encoded image data and audio data is recorded as a map file on a disk storage medium,
The file of the recorded image and audio data is edited in the predetermined processing unit, and stored in a program management file so as to indicate the positions of the continuous image data and audio data of the edited result. In a method for editing a recording stored in a storage area of file management information for performing file management on a storage medium, an area for storing audio data corresponding to image data of this processing is provided for each of the predetermined processing units, Recording position information of audio data recorded in an area storing the audio data in the program management file, and updating or adding the audio data stored in the area storing the audio data. 12. An area for storing the audio data,
The recording editing method according to claim 11, wherein a free area for adding new audio data is provided. 13. A means for compressing and encoding recorded contents on a disk storage medium; a means for recording encoded image and audio data as a data file for each content; Means for creating a map file; means for reading and decoding the recorded data file; memory means for storing a program management file for managing the stream of the data file as file management information; and input for inputting an edit instruction Means for erasing or combining the data file by an operation input by the input means in the program management file, the result being stored in a predetermined processing unit including a plurality of frames of the data file. A recording and editing device for a disk storage medium characterized by the above-mentioned.