JP2000229875A - α-glucosidase inhibitor - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Problem] To provide an inhibitor which is easy to ingest and exhibits a strong α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. An α-glucosidase inhibitor containing a plant belonging to the family Asteraceae as an active ingredient.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an .alpha.-glucosidase inhibitor containing as an active ingredient a plant belonging to the family Asteraceae, which can be used for pharmaceuticals, foods, health foods, foods for specified health use, and the like. is there.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art An α-glucosidase inhibitor inhibits α-glucosidase localized in microvilli of the small intestine, and suppresses a rapid increase in blood glucose level after meal and a subsequent increase in insulin level. , 688 (1993). In humans and non-human animals, it inhibits the metabolism of carbohydrates (especially starch-derived oligosaccharides and sucrose). And it is useful for improvement of various diseases such as obesity and diabetes caused by hyperglycemia. In addition, (healthy) foods produced by adding an α-glucosidase inhibitor are suitable for a diet for patients with metabolic disorders, and are also suitable for healthy persons as a diet for preventing metabolic disorders.

[0003] As an α-glucosidase inhibitor derived from food, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-65836 discloses
An enzyme hydrolyzate of an animal protein or a vegetable protein is disclosed, and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-17364 discloses a tea polyphenol.

[0004]

However, the α-glucosidase inhibitor described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-65836 must be ingested in large quantities as a food in order to exhibit its activity. According to the technology disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 5-17364, purification of polyphenol is complicated, and it is necessary to ingest a large amount of tea which is usually taken. An object of the present invention is to provide an excellent α-glucosidase inhibitor which has a strong α-glucosidase inhibitory activity and is easy to ingest.

[0005]

The inventors of the present invention have conducted intensive studies, and as a result, it has been found that plants belonging to the family Asteraceae have a strong α-
The inventors have found that they have glucosidase inhibitory activity, and have completed the present invention.

[0006]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below in detail.

Examples of the plants belonging to the Asteraceae family of the present invention include chamomile, burdock, chrysanthemum, sunflower seeds, etc. Among them, chamomile is preferred.

[0008] Plants belonging to the Asteraceae family can be used in a usual form. Further, they can be dried and powdered, or crushed in water to form a slurry, but exhibit glucosidase inhibitory activity. Is preferable since a stronger α-glucosidase inhibitory activity is obtained, and an extract in a mixed solution of water and alcohol is particularly preferable. Examples of the alcohol include methanol, ethanol, propanol, and butanol, but ethanol is preferred. As the extraction method, an extraction method such as heat extraction, continuous extraction, immersion extraction, or supercritical extraction may be used. When water and alcohol are used in combination, the mixing ratio (weight ratio) of water / alcohol is preferably from 1/100 to 100/1, and more preferably from 1/50 to 50/1.

Specifically, as an extraction method, a dried plant belonging to the family Asteraceae is pulverized (dried), and this powder is mixed with an equal weight mixture of water and alcohol (weight ratio of water / alcohol = 1/1). ), Heated and boiled for 10 to 30 minutes to extract the active ingredient. Also, the plant is mixed with an equal weight of a mixture of water and alcohol (water / water).
(Weight ratio of alcohol = 1/1), at room temperature for 5 hours
The active ingredient can be extracted by leaving it to stand for 7 days or heating it at 40 to 60 ° C. for about 12 to 18 hours.

The above water and / or alcohol extract is
If water and / or alcohol is distilled off, a powder is obtained, which is preferably used as an α-glucosidase inhibitor. Further, in order to improve the effect of small ingestion, the extract is methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol, chloroform, ethyl acetate, toluene, hexane,
The active ingredient is concentrated by a solvent fractionation operation using an organic solvent such as benzene, and further subjected to alumina column chromatography, silica gel column chromatography, gel filtration chromatography, ion exchange chromatography,
Purification can also be carried out by appropriate separation and purification such as hydrophobic chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography by combining one or more kinds.

Since the α-glucosidase inhibitor of the present invention has a blood glucose elevation inhibitory effect, it can be used for liquid carriers such as water, ethanol, ethylene glycol and polyethylene glycol, and solid carriers such as starch, cellulose and polyamide powder. Diluted with a non-toxic carrier, and used as pharmaceuticals such as ampoules, granules, tablets, pills, capsules and syrups, as health foods, as a diet or prophylactic for patients with metabolic disorders, as a preventive for diabetes and obesity Can be. Furthermore, by taking the above-mentioned preparation containing the α-glucosidase inhibitor of the present invention before, during, after or between meals, an increase in blood glucose concentration due to eating can be suppressed.

The amount of human consumption at this time is preferably 0.1 to 50 g / day, more preferably 0.5 to 10 g / day, as the dry powder (a plant belonging to the Asteraceae family). When using a water and / or alcohol extract or the extract described above, 1/1000 to 1/10 of the dry powder
May be the intake.

The α-glucosidase inhibitor of the present invention can be added to foods, for example, coffee, fruit juice,
Soft drink, beer, milk, miso soup, soup, tea,
Liquid (fluid) foods such as tea, nutrients, syrup, margarine, jam, rice, bread, potato products, rice cake,
It can also be added to staple foods, side dishes, confectionery, and seasonings such as solid foods such as candy, chocolate, sprinkle, ham, sausage, and candy. The amount added at this time is 0.001 to 85% by weight based on the above-mentioned food as dry powder of the plant (belonging to the Asteraceae family).
Is preferred, and particularly preferably 0.01 to 60% by weight. When water and alcohol extracts are used, 1 /
The addition amount may be 1000 to 1/10. In addition, in the case of food, the intake amount is preferably the same as that of the above-mentioned medicines and health foods, and furthermore, a sweetener, a preservative, a dispersant, a coloring agent, an antioxidant and the like within a range that does not inhibit the effects of the present invention. Can also be used in combination. Further, it may be used in combination with other known α-glucosidase inhibitors such as varienamine and aminocyclitol which are α-glucosidase inhibitors.

[0014]

The present invention will be specifically described below. still,
In the following description, "%" means% by weight. Example 1 1 kg of chamomile was added to 1 l of a 50% aqueous methanol solution.
After immersion for a day, the obtained immersion liquid was concentrated with a rotary evaporator, and this was dissolved in water, and then filtered. The obtained filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain an extract. The extract was dried using a rotary evaporator to obtain a solid. The solid was placed in a separatory funnel, and hexane was added at 30 times the weight of the solid to fractionate into a hexane layer (E-1) and an aqueous layer. The layer (E-2) was extracted. The α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of each fraction (E-1, E-2) was measured as follows.

(1) Preparation of Enzyme Solution The small intestine (jejunum) of the frozen rat was thawed, and the mucous membrane was collected by extruding it with forceps. A 0.1 M potassium phosphate buffer (pH 7.0) containing 5 times the weight of 5 mM ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid was added to the mucous membrane, and homogenized while cooling. Thereafter, centrifugation (4 ° C., 21000
× g, 60 minutes), and a 0.1 M potassium phosphate buffer (pH 7.0) containing 1% Triton X-100 was added to the obtained precipitate so as to have a 5-fold weight, and solubilization treatment (4 ℃,
60 minutes). This is ultracentrifuged (4 ° C, 1100
(00 × g, 90 minutes), and the supernatant is dialyzed against 0.01 M potassium phosphate buffer (pH 7.0) (4 ° C., 24 hours)
Then, an enzyme (α-glucosidase) solution was obtained.

(2) Measurement of α-glucosidase activity A commercially available kit was used for α-glucosidase activity, and sucrose was used as a substrate. The standard reaction solution composition is 60
0.7 ml of mM substrate solution (sucrose dissolved in 0.1 M potassium phosphate buffer, pH 6.3), test substance solution (E-1, E-E obtained from 0.1 g of chamomile)
The two fractions were concentrated to dryness and then dissolved in a 50% aqueous solution of dimethyl sulfoxide to a volume of 1 ml each.)
ml, and the above enzyme solution was 0.1 ml (1.0 ml in total).
This was reacted at 37 ° C. for 15 minutes, and the reaction was stopped with 1.5 ml of 2M Tris-HCl buffer (pH 7.0) to obtain a test solution. Next, a coloring reagent [Glucose B Test Wako (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries)] per 96-well microplate
After adding 50 μl of the test solution to 200 μl and incubating at 37 ° C. for 30 minutes, a microplate reader (BI
The absorbance at 490 nm was measured using ORAD (Model 550). The absorbance when 0.1 M potassium phosphate buffer (pH 6.3) was added instead of the substrate solution was defined as a blank value, and the value obtained by subtracting this value was defined as _A490s . The absorbance when a 50% by weight aqueous solution of dimethyl sulfoxide was added instead of the test solution was taken as a control value ( _A490c ), and the α-glucosidase inhibitory activity was determined by the following formula. Measurement is 2
Times, and the average value was taken as the measured value.

[0017]

Α-glucosidase inhibitory activity (%) = [(A _490c
−A _490s ) / A _490c ] × 100 The α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of each fraction (E-1, E-2) is shown in Table 1.

[0018]

[Table 1]

[0019]

Industrial Applicability The glucosidase inhibitor of the present invention contains a plant belonging to the Asteraceae family as an active ingredient and is easy to ingest and exhibits a strong inhibitory activity.

Claims (3)

[Claims] An α-glucosidase inhibitor comprising a plant belonging to the family Asteraceae as an active ingredient. 2. The α-glucosidase inhibitor according to claim 1, wherein an extract obtained by extracting a plant belonging to the family Asteraceae with water and / or alcohol is used as an active ingredient. 3. The α-glucosidase inhibitor according to claim 1, wherein the plant belonging to the family Asteraceae is chamomile.