JP2000275544A - Single-lens type microscope observation device using ccd camera and its accessory - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide the microscope observation device which makes it possible to clearly view a deformed spermatozoon. SOLUTION: A microscope main body 2 consisting of one nearly spherical lens is fitted to a CCD camera 1 and an observation is made on a TV monitor 4 to obtain about ×5000 high power. An image pickup element is constituted only by providing this microscope main body 2 in front of an image pickup element 5. A sample holding instrument 3 is mounted thereupon and a sample is set and observed on the monitor 4. When a lens is put between the image pickup element 5 and lens 22, it is only fitted closely to the lens 22, but used here to increase not the power, but the resolving power.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an optical microscope and its accessories.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there have been various types of microscope observation apparatuses using an optical microscope and a CCD camera. For example, 5.2 three-dimensional optical microscopy of the "biological microscope beyond the limit" of the Japan Society for Spectroscopy Measurement Series 1) Method and apparatus (P-7
An example is also listed in 5). The conventional microscope is inverted and a CCD camera is attached to an eyepiece. As another example, there is an object named "CCD microscope", but its magnification is limited to about 400 times in the case of a 21-inch TV monitor, and an ordinary lens is used. This is a combination of a single lens type microscope and a CCD camera, filed in Japanese Patent Application No. Hei 10-213411, in which a high magnification of 5000 times can be obtained with a 14-inch TV monitor, and the positions of the sample and lens are reversed. There is a feature of obtaining a magnified image, that is, a feature that can be used as a pseudoscopy microscope. This has not been possible with conventional microscopes.

[0003]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a low-cost, high-magnification microscope that can be used to examine sperm count reduction or malformation caused by environmental hormones without having to consult a doctor. I tried to do it.

[0004]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, a Lewen-Hook type microscope was manufactured beforehand, and it was found that the lens was a spherical lens having a diameter of 0.5 mm and that the presence of sperm could be confirmed at about 500 times. However, since it was not enough to identify the malformation of a single sperm, we achieved 5,000 times magnification with a nearly spherical single lens with a diameter of 0.3 mm using a CCD camera and a 14-inch TV monitor. Made it easier to observe the malformation.

[0005]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS There are two types of CCD cameras, one for video and one for digital camera. In the present invention, both are essentially the same. Therefore, the following description will be based on this. (5) of the CCD camera (1) indicates an image sensor. In the present invention, a microscope body (2) consisting of a substantially spherical single lens is provided before (5). Then, the sample holding device (3) is placed on the upper part, the sample is attached, and the sample is observed on the monitor (4). The portions (2) and (3) are the above-mentioned application-pending microscope.
When a lens is inserted between (5) and (22) (2
It may be mounted close to 2), but not for increasing the magnification but for increasing the resolution.

[0006] When attaching a lens (22) to a general digital camera, an adapter is required, but all lenses in front of the middle aperture are removed. If the projection is made to be about 10 mm to 25 mm ahead of the previous lens, FIG. 1 is established and the microscope observation apparatus of the present invention is obtained. )
Just do not necessarily need other lenses.

[0007]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS As shown in FIG.
At 1) and (12), fix the four corners with wood screws to make a small table of about 10cm in height, and place C in the middle of the iron plate (10).
Drill a hole so that the light receiving part of the CD camera comes in, insert the CCD camera (1) into the hole and insert the light receiving part into the iron plate (1) with adhesive.
The CCD camera fixed to 0) is a monochrome CCD camera having a size of 250,000 pixels, a size of H47 × W37 × L50 mm and a weight of 125 g. Further, (13) and (14) set a tap on the iron plate (10) and set a 3 mm countersunk screw on the iron plate (1).
By screwing from the back of 0) and fixing, the microscope plate of (2) and the sample holding device (3) were fixed, and at the same time, served as a kind of guide post for limiting the range of movement. (2) is a single-lens microscope body having a thickness of 1 mm, a size of a business card, an iron plate having a hole of 2 mm in diameter at the center, and a slightly smaller plastic sheet (0.4 mm thick) on the upper surface thereof. 28) is affixed with an adhesive, and a lens (22) is fitted in the center, and a diameter of 3 m is applied to (24) and (25).
In the figure, the sample holding device (3) is shown to be inserted in accordance with (13) and (14), and the sample holding device (3) is to be placed thereon. This (3) is made of plastic sheet or rubber magnet sheet or paper,
0.025mm transparent film (23) in hole (21)
Is attached, and the sample is attached or put in from above. Here (2) and (3) are set,
It is a simple microscope that was filed earlier, but when using unsanitary liquid samples, etc., paper disposables are sometimes used, but in such a case, pick up with a finger when placing it on a flat place 3 and 4, when a part of the sheet is bent as shown in (66), the sheet becomes very smooth. Needless to say, the bent portion does not have to be at one place, and it may be flat when packing. The above is the description of the structure when the microscope and the CCD camera are integrated, and how to use it will be described below.

[0008]

[How to use] As shown in Fig. 2, the hole (2
Attach a very small amount of sample to 1).
4) The guide is placed on the microscope body (2) set previously with the guide as the guide. The focus adjustment is performed between (2) and (3). In this embodiment, a sheet or film of an appropriate thickness is used. Put it in. When (3) is not a magnet (13, 14)
Put a large washer on and hold it with screws, or (3)
Just make a metal plate in the same shape as above and put it as a weight. In this case, it is good to illuminate with fluorescent light from above, and then turn on the CCD camera and put the output signal on a monitor TV or computer to observe it. If you move it on the top, the shadow moves and you can understand the three-dimensional shape well, but it is also possible to fix the illumination and move the microscope side. If the diameter of the microscope lens is 0.3 mm, it will be about 5000 times more, so if you move it by hand, you will not be able to bring the sample holding device (3) where you want. The instruments described below were self-made and used for observation.

A description will be given with reference to FIG.
Is an L-shaped aluminum plate having a width of 30 mm and a thickness of 1 mm like a squarer, and has lengths of 10 cm and 5 cm, respectively. (52, 53, 54) are electromagnets removed from a DC relay and having a diameter of 15 mm. This is a cylindrical electromagnet with a length of 20 mm.
m (51), and inserted and fixed (5
5, 56) shows a 30-watt soldering iron heater mounted via tiles. Although the configuration is as described above, when used, place FIG. 5 on the iron plate (10) of FIG. 2 and connect the connecting portion (5) to the sample holding device (3).
It is connected and fixed in 7) and used in conjunction with the movement of (51).

[0010] The function is to apply 24V DC to (52) to make it magnet and to fix it tightly to the iron plate (10), to leave it free except for (52), and to energize the heater (55). Warm, then (52) and (53)
Is increased, but since (52) is fixed,
It moves only in the direction of (53). Now, suppose that this direction is the X direction, and it is understood from observation with a microscope, but when it comes to the required position, turn on the electricity of (52) and (55). At about the same time as the stop, the current is supplied to (53), and this is turned into an electromagnet to be tightly fixed to the iron plate (10). Then, since the heat is reduced, (52) moves in the direction of (53). That is, even if there is a time lag in the thermal expansion, the position stopped at that time is fixed because it is fixed. If it is desired to move in the Y direction, the energization of (53) is continued, If a current is applied to (56), the distance between (53) and (54) is increased, so the observation is performed with a microscope. When the target is reached, the energization of (53) and (56) is stopped at the same time as ( 54) It is sufficient to energize and fix the position, completely purpose When it comes to the position, you can stop all the electricity and fix it with its own weight only. In other words, you can think that the position is maintained, so you do not need to use electricity wastefully. Almost the same operation can be performed. The linear expansion coefficient of the aluminum material due to heat is 0.000023, so a length of 100 mm and a temperature change of 1 degree cause 0.0023 m.
It was convenient to operate the sample holding device (3) of the microscope observation apparatus of the present invention with a temperature change of about 100 degrees in m. Further, although (55, 56) in FIG. 5 is an electric heater, the thermal expansion is used for changing the length of the member (51).
In principle, any method may be used as long as the change in length is small and smooth, and the members (51) (52) and (53), and (53) and (54) are separated from each other. The same applies even if a piezoelectric element or the like is inserted. In addition, although an electromagnet is used for fixing and detaching, it may be vacuum-adsorbed, in some cases, welded, or pressed with a finger,
In short, depending on the combination of the fixed point and the points that expand and contract, and how to set the timing, even if the movement distance is small once, it can be moved over a long distance by repeating this, and as a result, on a two-dimensional surface The feature of this device is that precise positioning is possible.Conventionally, positioning requires a drive device that moves precisely with a long stroke, whereas the idea of this device may be a short stroke. I thought it was fine to move smoothly and precisely.

[0011]

The microscope observation apparatus of the present invention will be described below.
Since the magnification becomes just over 0 times, a 0.05-inch sperm has a total length of 250 mm and a slightly larger head than a quail egg on a 14-inch TV monitor, so it is obvious at a glance whether it is malformed or not. Generally, it is said that there is no point in using an optical microscope at 2000 times or more. However, since it is said from the viewpoint of resolving power that bacteria and lymphocytes can actually be observed realistically, humbly say for learning. Is enough. He said that the Lewen Hook-type single-lens microscope was comparable to what expensive professionals use when he actually made it, but he was very tired because he had to look very close to his eyes. There were the biggest drawbacks. This seems to be the reason why the Lewen-Hook type microscope was not available in the world. That is why the disadvantages were solved by the CCD camera and the TV monitor. That is now possible. From the economic point of view, when making a lens, it is decided that the shape is spherical, and it is considered that it is better to improve the resolution by correcting aberrations etc. by software, and fortunately it is currently tertiary The ray tracing method used in the original CG was developed so that a spherical glass ball could be displayed on the screen, so it is perfect. In the present invention, the Leween-Hook type lens is exactly the same as the one made by Lewen-Hook, a lens that has to be called a microscope even if it is a single microscopic lens with high magnification. That's what it means. Since the microscope section of the present invention requires only a very small microscope portion, the size of the CCD camera is sufficient. In the case of a digital camera, it can be put in a pocket and observed and recorded outdoors. Even if a CCD camera for a microscope is used, the size can be made to fit in a 10 cm cube, and there is no other optical microscope with a magnification of 5000 times at this size. If the diameter of the lens is 0.2 mm, the magnification is further increased, and this is possible, and an ultraviolet microscope may be used to double the resolution, but in this case, the lens may be small in size. Therefore, a high quality quartz crystal is inexpensive, and it is easy to make. Since it is very small, light attenuation is small, so that a bright image can be obtained. Since the device of the present invention is small in size, it is naturally light in weight, and therefore, is optimal for experiments in space. It is also suitable for research on ecology of microorganisms in places where high pressure is applied on the sea floor. However, if the problem of the pressure resistance of the CCD camera can be solved, the microscope observation device can be put directly on the seabed and the investigation can be performed alive.
In addition, for observation, it is only necessary to put the sample in the sample holding device and place it on the microscope, it is possible to observe living things without dyeing etc., and the structure where the conventional microscope is upside down Since it can be used, a large working space at the top can be taken, and it is easy to handle experimental equipment such as manipulators, so I think that it will be widely used in biotechnology in the future.
Since the lens of this microscope observation device can be made of plastic with a mold, it can be made very cheap, so you can attach the object to be observed directly to the lens and observe it, and then throw it away, you can throw away the expensive microscope like the conventional one It is very cheap because it does not need to be used. Finally, in order to use this microscope observation device as a pseudoscopic microscope, the microscope body (2) and the sample holding device (3) are turned upside down, that is, (2) is placed on (3). It is sufficient to adjust the gap between them with a shim etc., but the name called pseudoscopy microscope is a thing used in the previous application, it is not general, and it is in the stage of continuing to elucidate theoretically The present invention is characterized in that it can do this.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram of the present invention.

FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of an improved microscope body.

FIG. 4 is an improved explanatory view of a sample holding device.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory view of an attached device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 CCD camera 2 Microscope main body 3 Sample holding device 4 TV monitor 5 Image sensor 10 Iron plate 11, 12 Wood plate 13, 14 Guide 21 Sample hole 22 Lens 23 Transparent film 24, 25 Hole 26, 27 Fitting hole 28 Plastic sheet 51 Deformation Possible member 52 Electromagnet 53 Electromagnet 54 Electromagnet 55, 56 Heater 57 Connection part 66 Knob

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A microscope observation apparatus comprising a single lens type microscope main body (2) provided at a light receiving portion of a CCD camera (1) as shown in FIG. 2. A microscope main body (2) and a sample holding device (3) which are used as a knob (66) by bending a part of the sheet portion as shown in FIGS. 3. As shown in FIG. 5, the length of the deformable member (51) is changed smoothly and minutely, and at least two portions of the (51) are provided with portions that can be fixed to and separated from other members. A positioning device in which (51) itself moves on a two-dimensional surface by a combination of the portion and a portion where the length of (51) is changed, and how to take and repeat those timings.