JP2000271404A - Distillation column bottom heating device and heating method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To facilitate the defoaming of a foam layer on the surface of the liquid, the washing of the inner peripheral surface of a vessel body peripheral wall or the like by installing a liquid sending body rotated around an agitating shaft installed in the vessel body, passing bottom liquid or bottom withdrawn liquid through lower openings of the liquid sending body and the liquid sending body in order by the rotation thereof to jet it out from upper openings. SOLUTION: In a distillation kettle which is a distillation column bottom heating device, to a lower part of a distillation column D as a vessel body, a jacket J is attached. Then, around an agitating shaft 3 pivotally supported by a bearing 32 and a bearing 33, four cylinders 1 each having a lower opening 11 and an upper opening 12 are obliquely fitted by fitting utensils 2 to make them a thin type liquid sending body, the bearing 32 being pivotally supported by a support utensil 321 fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the peripheral wall of the distillation column D and the bearing 33 being fitted to the center of the bottom plate of the distillation column D. By rotating the thin type liquid sending body by an electric motor M, the bottom liquid is raised in the cylinders 1 and so forth to jet it out to a space above the surface of the bottom liquid from the upper openings 12 and to disperse a part thereof onto the inner peripheral surface of the peripheral wall of the distillation column D which is a heat transfer surface of the jacket J to evaporate it.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a distillation bottom for heating a bottom liquid of a distillation column and a distillation column bottom heating device such as a reboiler for heating a bottom liquid discharged from the distillation column. The present invention also relates to a method for heating and discharging a bottom liquid of a distillation column or a bottom liquid extracted from the bottom of the distillation column using a distillation column bottom heating device.

[0002]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Batch or continuous distillation columns are used to separate liquid mixtures. A distillation still and a reboiler in which the bottom liquid of the distillation column or the bottom liquid extracted from the bottom of the distillation column is heated and exchanged with a heating medium such as steam to evaporate the bottom liquid in the distillation column. (Reboiler).

[0003] Small or fine solids are contained in the bottom liquid and the bottom liquid which are the liquids to be heated in these distillation cans, reboilers, etc. (hereinafter collectively referred to as distillation column bottom heating apparatus). It is often contained in a large amount, and such a large amount of solids often adhere as foreign matter to the inner peripheral surface of the tank body peripheral wall of the distillation column tower heating device, and contaminate the inner peripheral surface of the tank body peripheral wall. .

[0004] Further, as a heat exchange means in the distillation tower bottom heating device, for example, a jacket installed around the outer peripheral surface of the tank body peripheral wall of the distillation column bottom heating device, and a tank body of the distillation column bottom heating device. There are a coiled-tube heat exchanger, a multi-tube heat exchanger, a flat plate heat exchanger, a spiral heat exchanger, a cascade heat exchanger, and the like, which are installed in the inside. Solids contained in a large amount in the bottom liquid and the bottom liquid withdrawn as the object to be heated adhere to the heat transfer surfaces of these heat exchanger means as foreign matters, and further contact and adhere to the heat transfer surfaces. As a result of the concentration of the liquid to be heated being concentrated, the deposited solid adheres as foreign matter, and the heat transfer coefficient on these heat transfer surfaces is often reduced.

[0005] In such a case, the operation in the tank body is stopped in order to drop such adhering foreign matter from the inner peripheral surface of the tank body peripheral wall and / or the heat transfer surface of the heat exchange means. Without it, it is practically impossible to clean the inner peripheral surface and / or the heat transfer surface of the tank body peripheral wall. Further, for example, a contact area (hereinafter referred to as an effective heat transfer area) between the heat transfer surface of each of the heat exchangers provided in the jacket and the various heat exchangers provided in the tank body and provided around the outer peripheral surface of the tank body peripheral wall (hereinafter referred to as an effective heat transfer area) May change in response to a change in the liquid depth of the liquid to be heated. If the liquid depth is reduced due to evaporation of the liquid to be heated, the effective heat transfer area of the heat exchange means is reduced, and the heat transfer area cannot be used efficiently.

[0006] In particular, in a batch distillation column, the liquid level decreases as the amount of liquid in the distillation can or the reboiler decreases over time, and the effective heat transfer area of the heat exchange means decreases. As a result, the amount of evaporation decreases and a sufficient amount of reflux liquid cannot be secured, and it becomes difficult to continue stable operation under predetermined operating conditions, and the distillate and / or distillate from the top of the product, Alternatively, the quality of the bottom liquid from the bottom may be reduced. On the other hand, the product distillate and / or
Alternatively, the amount of product withdrawn is reduced in order to prevent such a decrease in the bottoms, but in this case,
As time elapses, the amount of the product gradually decreases, and the time required for distillation increases. In order to shorten the distillation time, the heating temperature of the bottom liquid or the bottom liquid discharged is increased, but in this case, the substance contained in the liquid during the distillation is denatured or deteriorated due to the high temperature. In turn, by-products are formed, which reduces distillation efficiency and product purity, respectively.

In order to increase and recover the reduced effective heat transfer area, it is conceivable to adopt a method of supplying a new liquid into the tank and raising the liquid level. Feeding disturbs the steady state in distillation, a method that cannot be taken in practice.

Further, in order to evaporate the liquid to be heated in the tank body, the heat exchange means is immersed in the liquid to be heated or attached to the outside of the peripheral wall of the tank body while stirring the liquid. Or without stirring, there is a method of evaporating from the liquid surface while heating, in this method, the heat of the space on the liquid surface heated by the heat exchange means is not effectively used, the heating of the liquid, It is practically limited to the effective heat transfer area, and the heat of the heat exchange means is not effectively used as the liquid level of the liquid to be heated is lowered, and the evaporation rate of the liquid to be heated is reduced. was there.

[0009] Depending on the type of the liquid to be heated, in the tank of the distillation tower heating apparatus, the liquid surface often foams to form a foam layer, which often hinders distillation. An antifoaming agent such as silicone is added to the liquid in the tank to prevent foaming and to eliminate the foam layer. Is added as a foreign substance to the distillate from the top of the distillation column or the bottoms from the bottom of the distillation column, or remains in the distillation column and adversely affects the distillation. This is an unfavorable means in distillation and a means that must be avoided as much as possible.

In addition, the disk is rotated in the foam layer on the liquid surface in the tank body, and the truncated cone-shaped hollow cylinder is rotated with the large-diameter lower opening facing the foam layer on the liquid surface. Attempts have been made to crush and defoam the foam by shearing force by mechanical means such as: However, such means have the drawback that not only requires a large amount of power, but also that the foam is only fragmented, and that the foam is often not eventually defoamed.

[0011] On the other hand, the present inventors have studied the conventional defoaming by stirring, contamination of the inner peripheral surface of the peripheral wall of the tank and the surface of the heating / cooling device, reduction of the heat transfer area, and liquids and suspensions having different specific gravities. Defects such as low mixing ratio in mixing, etc. are overcome only by mechanical agitation, efficiently and reliably defoaming, and the inner peripheral surface of the peripheral wall of the tank and the surface of the heating / cooling device are reduced. Washing, the inner peripheral surface of the peripheral wall of the tank and the heat transfer area of the heating / stirring device are prevented from decreasing, and the stirring blade and the stirring method are used to efficiently mix liquids and suspensions having different specific gravities, As a result of intensive studies, the present inventors have reached an invention relating to a stirring blade and a stirring method, and have applied for a patent (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 6-335627).

[0012] In the stirring blade of the invention of the prior application, one or a plurality of liquid feeds such as pipes, gutters, and plates are preferably fixed obliquely to a fixture mounted on the stirring shaft,
The liquid is a stirring blade having upper and lower openings opened at both ends. Further, as a result of further study on the stirring blade and the stirring method, the inventors improved the stirring blade and the stirring method, arrived at the invention relating to the liquid ejection device and the liquid ejection method, and filed a patent application (Japanese Patent Application No. 9-1997). No. 329700).

[0013] That is, the prior invention of the present invention discloses a method of agitating a thin liquid feed or a thin liquid such as a pipe, a gutter, a plate, etc., which is rotated about a stirring shaft and whose inclination angle is fixed or variable. A liquid ejecting apparatus having a thick liquid supply such as a cylindrical body and an inverted frustum hollow body concentrically mounted on a shaft, and a liquid ejecting method using the liquid ejecting apparatus.

[0014]

Means for Solving the Problems The present inventors have intensively studied to solve the various problems in the distillation caused by the conventional distillation column bottom heating device, and as a result, In order to solve the above problem, the present inventors have obtained a new finding that the invention according to the above-mentioned prior application can be applied, and have reached the present invention based on this new finding.

That is, the first invention of the present invention is directed to a distillation tower bottom heating device for heating a bottom liquid of a distillation tower or a bottom liquid extracted from the distillation tower, wherein a stirring shaft is provided in the tank body,
Having a liquid feed that is rotated about the stirring shaft,
The liquid sending liquid has an upper opening and a lower opening, and the liquid sending liquid is rotated around a stirring shaft, so that the column bottom liquid or the liquid withdrawn from the column bottom is sequentially passed through the liquid feeding lower opening and the inside of the liquid liquid. A distillation tower heating apparatus characterized in that the apparatus is passed through and is ejected from the upper opening.

The second invention uses the distillation tower bottom heating device of the first invention, and allows the liquid in the tank of the distillation tower bottom heating device to sequentially pass through the lower opening of the liquid sending and the inside of the liquid sending. And discharging the liquid from the upper opening of the distillation column.

[0017]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION In the present invention, the distillation column is not particularly limited, and may be any of a batch type and a continuous type, and a plate column and a packed column. Representative examples of the distillation column bottom heating device in the present invention include a distillation can for heating the bottom liquid of the distillation column and a reboiler for heating the bottom liquid extracted from the bottom of the distillation column. . Further, in the present invention, the tank body of the distillation tower bottom heating device, when the distillation tower bottom heating device is a distillation can, a distillation can can body, that is, the distillation column bottom, the distillation column When the bottom heating device is a reboiler, it is a reboiler tank.

In the present invention, the liquid to be fed may have an upper opening and a lower opening, and may be rotated about a stirring shaft so that the liquid can be raised inside and ejected from the upper opening. Preferred representative examples are those described in the above-mentioned JP-A-6-335627 and Japanese Patent Application No. 9-329700. That is, there are a thin liquid sending and a thick liquid sending as the liquid sending. Examples of the thin liquid sending liquid include a pipe, a gutter-like body, and a plate that can be rotated around a stirring shaft. Examples of the thick liquid sending liquid include a cylindrical body concentric with the stirring shaft and an inverted frustum hollow cylindrical body.

The tubular body is not particularly limited in the shape of the opening and the transverse section (the section perpendicular to the longitudinal axis, the same applies hereinafter), but circles such as circles, ellipses, and ellipses, squares, rectangles, and pentagons And polygons such as hexagons, and shapes in which the apex angles of these polygons are rounded and / or the sides are curved outward with a small curvature (hereinafter sometimes referred to as substantial polygons) are preferable. . The size of each of the upper opening and the lower opening of the tube may be equal to each other, or may be different from each other. In the latter case, the lower opening is preferably larger than the upper opening.

The overall shape as viewed from the side of the tube is straight, swelling downward with a small curvature, preferably a parabolically curved shape, swelling downward with a smaller curvature, and curved further. At least one of the lower portions may have a shape oriented in the horizontal direction. The overall shape of the tube viewed from above or below is straight, swelled to the side with a small curvature and curved, and further swelled to the side with a small curvature and curved at the top and bottom in the radial horizontal direction. It can have an oriented shape.

The gutter-like body corresponds to a pipe in which the peripheral wall of the above-mentioned pipe is cut along the longitudinal axis of the pipe over its entire length. Below the opening formed by removing
It may be written. When the corrosiveness of the liquid in the tank is large, the surface of the peripheral wall of the liquid can be coated or lined, which is preferable. A gutter-like body, a plate, and a thick liquid feed are preferred because the maintenance and inspection of the coated or lined liquid feed are easy. Prior to coating or lining, the gutter-like body preferably has a top opening edge that is rounded or bulged in a cylindrical shape. The shape of the opening and the cross section of the gutter-like body are not particularly limited, and may be any of a left-right symmetrical shape and a left-right asymmetrical shape, but the former is preferable in practical use.

Further, the trough-shaped body may be an equilateral angle steel, an H-shaped steel, a square or rectangular square or circular C-shaped steel having a transverse cross section. In particular, C-section steel is preferred. The equilateral angle iron is a gutter-like body having an L-shaped opening having a vertical angle of a right angle and two sides substantially equal to each other. The H-shaped steel is a trough having a square or rectangular opening each lacking one side. A C-shaped steel having a square cross-sectional shape is a gutter-shaped body having a rectangular opening lacking a part of one side, and a C-shaped steel having a circular cross-sectional shape is a gutter-shaped body having an opening with a missing circumference. It is said. Furthermore, the upper surface opening of the gutter-like body can be attached and detached,
It can be closed with an opaque or transparent lid.

Further, the trough-shaped body has its concave surface or upper surface opening facing the stirring shaft or the rotating direction, and is attached to the stirring shaft via a fixture. The degree of the direction of the concave surface of the gutter-like body with respect to the stirring shaft is indicated by the magnitude of the deflection angle. The deflection angle is defined similarly to the deflection angle in dynamics. In the cross-section of the gutter-shaped body opening or gutter-shaped body in the rotation plane, three points arbitrarily selected in the order of precedence according to the rotation direction are denoted by A and A, respectively.
Assuming that B and C are D and the rotation axis on the same plane as the opening or cross section of the gutter-like body (the center of the stirring axis, the same applies hereinafter), these points A, B, C and D satisfy the following conditions. Is satisfied. That is, (1) the distance between B and D ≧ the distance between C and D, and (2) the angle ABD between the line segment AB and the base line BD and the angle CBD between the line segment BC and the base line BD Let θ ₁ and θ _{2 be} respectively: θ ₁
And θ ₂ rotate the gutter in the clockwise direction (clockwise) for each of the case where it is measured from the line segment AB toward the base line BD and the case where it is measured from the line segment CB toward the base line BD. A positive sign (+) is given when the gutter is rotated, and a negative sign (-) is given when the gutter is rotated counterclockwise (counterclockwise), and the gutter is rotated. D
Is rotated clockwise around the center of the rotation direction, -75 ° ≦ θ ₁ ≦ 110 ° and −75 ° ≦ θ ₂ ≦ 1
10 °, and −110 ° when the gutter-like body is rotated counterclockwise about the rotation axis D.
≦ θ ₁ ≦ 75 ° and −110 ° ≦ θ ₂ ≦ 75 °. Thus, the magnitude of the deflection angle is represented by (θ ₁ + θ ₂ ) / 2. Therefore, when the absolute values of θ ₁ and θ ₂ are equal to each other, the deflection angle becomes zero.

The gutter may be rotated about its long axis to adjust the deflection angle. Further, the gutter-like body may be twisted. The gutter can be pivotally mounted on the fixture. In this case, the gutter-shaped body can be fixed after turning to an arbitrary deflection angle, or can be automatically rotated according to the rotation speed of the gutter-shaped body. In this case, the gutter is rotatably mounted on the stirring shaft.

Further, the plate body may be formed as a thin liquid feed. The plate corresponds to a flattened peripheral wall of the gutter. A net or a perforated plate, a plate having a gap along the inner peripheral surface, and / or a reflecting plate can be provided in the upper opening of the thin liquid feed. Furthermore, the thin liquid feed can be made to be stretchable and bendable.

The liquid feed is attached to the stirring shaft via a fixture, and is rotated about the stirring shaft. The attachment is not particularly limited as long as it can be attached to the stirring shaft, and its shape and material are not particularly limited. Usually, each of the plate and the rod is preferably used as the fixture. When the attachment is a plate body that is wide in the long axis direction of the stirring shaft and in the radial direction of the rotation plane, it is preferable to make a hole so that fluid resistance during rotation is not excessive. Also, the fixture is typically located on a radius in the plane of rotation of the fixture. One or more of the thin liquid feeders are attached to one fixture.

There is no particular limitation on the length of the thin liquid feed, and the lengths of the plurality of thin liquids attached to the fixture may be the same or different from each other. In addition, it is preferable that one or a plurality of thin liquid feeders mounted on one or a plurality of attachments have different distances from the stirring shaft.

The thin liquid feeder may be attached to the fixture such that its long axis coincides with the radial direction of the rotation plane corresponding to the attachment direction of the fixture, or may be a direction different from the above-mentioned radial direction. May be mounted eccentrically. When the thin liquid feed is mounted eccentrically, the long axis of the gutter-like body may be parallel to the radial direction on the rotation plane corresponding to the mounting direction of the mounting tool, or may be inclined. You may. When the gutter and the plate are attached to the fixture, the fixture must not prevent the liquid from rising in each of the gutter and the plate.

Further, the slender liquid sending liquid has an inclination angle (an angle formed by a long axis of the thin liquid sending liquid and a rotation plane of the thin liquid sending or less) which is larger than 0 ° to 90 ° or less, preferably. It is attached to the fixture as about 15 to 80 °. As a result, in the narrow liquid feed, the lower opening is made closer to the stirring shaft than the upper opening, or the distance from the stirring shaft to each of the lower opening and the upper opening is made equal to each other. preferable. In the latter case, it is preferable to close the lower openings of the gutter-like body and the plate body. Further, the plurality of slender liquid sending liquids attached obliquely may have their lower ends crossed each other near the stirring shaft. In addition, the thin liquid feeder is mounted on a fixture so that the magnitude of the inclination angle can be fixed or adjusted.

[0030] In the gutter-like body, a plurality of gutter-like bodies and a mounting member, which is a plate, may be integrated. As a typical example of the gutter-like body integrated with the fixture, for example, a plate is used as a fixture, and a non-horizontal side of the plate that is a fixture is substantially a side along the side. Folded in parallel or bent along the side with the lower apex corner bent, the triangle is not parallel to the edge of the opposite side of the plate. A gutter-like body formed by joining a curved plate body that has been bent into a curved shape, or by connecting a gutter-like body to the edge of the opposite side of the plate body that is not horizontal by abutting the upper opening side edge. Can be mentioned.

The upper part of the narrow liquid feeder, especially the pipe body, is curved so that the upper opening is tangential to the circumference of the plane of rotation of the upper opening or oblique to the peripheral wall, and is further ejected from the upper opening. By causing the liquid to collide with the inner peripheral surface of the peripheral wall of the tank body, the rotation of the narrow liquid feed is urged by the reaction of the liquid jet, and the driving power of the stirring shaft can be omitted or reduced.

Each of the cylindrical body and the inverted frustum hollow body concentric with the stirring shaft is used as a thick liquid feed. The cylindrical body includes a rectangular cylindrical body and a cylindrical body, and a cylindrical body is preferable. The inverted truncated pyramid hollow body includes an inverted truncated pyramid hollow body and an inverted truncated cone hollow body, and the inverted truncated conical hollow body is preferable. A fixture is fixed on the diameter of the thick liquid feed or on a diagonal line connecting the opposite apex angles or on a straight line connecting the midpoints of the opposite sides, and the thick liquid feed is attached to the stirring shaft via this fixture. Mounted concentrically with the stirring shaft. The angle between the generatrix of the peripheral wall and the rotation plane in the thick liquid transfer is the inclination angle. The size of the inclination angle of the thick liquid sending liquid is larger than 0 ° to 90 ° or less, preferably,
The angle is about 15 to 80 °.

[0033] The liquid sent to the fixture is immersed in the lower opening of the liquid in the liquid in the tank, the upper opening is exposed from the surface of the liquid, and the stirring shaft is rotated to rotate the liquid around the stirring shaft. As a result, the liquid in the liquid immersion section is rotated by Bernoulli's theorem (Bernou's theorem).
According to lli's thorem) and by centrifugal force, the liquid is raised in the liquid supply and ejected from the upper opening.

It is also possible to pierce an arbitrary intermediate portion of a portion corresponding to the liquid flow path in the liquid to be sent, and to eject the liquid from this hole. Furthermore, a plate for changing the direction of the liquid ejected outside the bored hole can be provided, and an ejection tube can be provided toward the circumference of the rotation plane. A nozzle, a net, a perforated plate, or the like may be provided at the tip of the ejection pipe.

In order to allow the liquid in the tank body to reach as high as possible the inner peripheral surface of the tank body peripheral wall, it is necessary to lengthen the liquid to be sent. In this case, (a) in order to rotate the long liquid to be sent, (B) In a high tank, a bearing (hereinafter referred to as "intermediate bearing") must be provided in the middle of the agitating shaft for the liquid to be sent, and this bearing must be supported by a support from the peripheral wall of the tank body. However, a long liquid cannot be provided due to the obstruction of the support, and (c) the upper limit of the rotation speed of the stirring shaft is limited, so that a long liquid cannot be provided and / or In some cases, it is necessary to use a short liquid supply because the inclination angle cannot be increased. In these cases, the liquid ejected from the upper opening of the short liquid supply cannot reach the upper part of the inner peripheral surface of the tank peripheral wall.

In order to allow the liquid ejected from the upper opening of the short liquid feed to reach as high as possible the inner peripheral surface of the peripheral wall of the tank body, a short liquid feed is provided in the upper portion of the inside of the tank, and the short liquid is brought into contact with the lower opening of the liquid feed. A liquid receiving tank, and the liquid in the tank and / or
Alternatively, the liquid discharged from the bottom of the tower is transferred and stored by a liquid transfer means, and the lower opening of the liquid to be sent is immersed in the liquid stored in the liquid receiving tank. This can be achieved by rotating the liquid stored in the liquid receiving tank so as to sequentially pass through the lower opening of the liquid sending liquid and the inside of the liquid sending liquid and eject the liquid from the upper opening of the liquid sending liquid. The liquid sending liquid whose lower opening is immersed in the liquid stored in the liquid receiving tank may be hereinafter referred to as an upper liquid sending liquid.

The liquid receiving tank is a liquid in the tank below the liquid receiving tank transferred by the liquid transferring means, a liquid dropped from above the liquid receiving tank in the distillation column, and / or a bottom of the distillation column. To temporarily store the liquid taken out from the bottom of the tower. The liquid receiving tank is a cylindrical or square container having a hole in the center of the bottom surface through which a stirring shaft is inserted, and a partition wall (hereinafter sometimes referred to as an inner peripheral wall) provided around the hole. The upper surface of the liquid receiving tank is normally open and open, but does not prevent it from being closed by a perforated plate or the like. Further, the bottom surface of the liquid receiving tank may be any one of a flat surface and an inclined surface, and a curved surface swelled downward.

[0038] The liquid receiving tank may be fixed to a stirring shaft penetrated through a hole formed in the bottom surface thereof, or may be independent. When the liquid receiving tank is fixed to the stirring shaft, the inner peripheral wall of the liquid receiving tank can be omitted, and the outer peripheral surface of the stirring shaft can be substituted for the inner peripheral wall.

A cylindrical container or an inverted truncated conical container having a bottom surface having a shape substantially equal to or slightly smaller than the horizontal cross section (transverse cross section) of the tank body can be used as the liquid receiving tank. A simple receiving tank is hereinafter referred to as a single receiving tank). Of these, an inverted frustoconical container is preferred. This single liquid receiving tank is fixed in the tank body with its outer peripheral edge brought into close contact with the inner peripheral surface of the tank body peripheral wall, or with a gap. It is preferable to be fixed in the tank body with a gap. The gap between the outer peripheral edge of the single liquid receiving tank and the inner peripheral surface of the peripheral wall of the tank body is particularly preferably equal to or greater than the thickness of the liquid layer that can flow down the inner peripheral surface of the peripheral wall of the tank body.

When the single liquid receiving tank is fixed with a gap between the outer peripheral edge thereof and the inner peripheral surface of the peripheral wall of the tank, the outer peripheral edge thereof is fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the peripheral wall of the tank body. And an outer peripheral wall substantially parallel to the outer peripheral wall. The outer peripheral wall is preferable because overflow of the liquid from the liquid transfer means from the single liquid receiving tank can be prevented. Further, the single liquid receiving tank may be placed or fixed on a support for a bearing (hereinafter, sometimes referred to as an intermediate bearing) provided at an intermediate portion of the stirring shaft,
And preferred. In this single liquid receiving tank, liquid from liquid transfer means such as a pump is temporarily stored.

When the diameter or diagonal of the liquid receiving tank is much smaller than the diameter of the inner peripheral surface of the tank body peripheral wall, the outer peripheral wall of the liquid receiving tank (the peripheral wall farther from the stirring shaft is hereinafter referred to as the outer peripheral wall). ) Are provided in series. The liquid receiving means is a means for receiving the liquid transferred by the liquid transferring means and guiding the liquid to the liquid receiving tank. In addition, the bottom surface of the liquid receiving tank may be any one of a flat surface, an inclined surface, and a curved surface.

As a liquid receiving means, there is a liquid receiving plate. The liquid receiving plate is a plate, a cylinder, or an inverted truncated cone hollow body provided from the inner peripheral surface of the peripheral wall of the tank body to the outer peripheral wall of the liquid receiving tank, and a hollow inverted truncated cone is preferable. The liquid receiving plate is fixed in the tank body with its outer peripheral edge and the inner peripheral surface of the tank body peripheral wall brought into close contact or with a gap. It is preferable to be fixed to the peripheral wall of the tank body with a gap. It is particularly preferable that the gap between the outer peripheral edge of the liquid receiving plate and the inner peripheral surface of the peripheral wall of the tank is equal to or larger than the thickness of the liquid layer that allows the inner peripheral surface of the peripheral wall of the tank to flow down.

When this liquid receiving plate is fixed with a gap between the outer peripheral edge and the inner peripheral surface of the tank peripheral wall,
A partition wall substantially parallel to the inner peripheral surface of the tank body peripheral wall can be provided on the outer peripheral edge. This partition wall is preferable because overflow of the liquid from the liquid transfer means from the liquid receiving plate can be prevented. The liquid from the liquid transfer means is received by the liquid receiving plate, and then is caused to flow down the liquid receiving plate, flow into the liquid receiving tank, and is temporarily stored in the liquid receiving tank.

The liquid receiving means is a liquid collecting tank provided inside the inner peripheral surface of the peripheral wall of the tank body and on the same horizontal plane as or above the liquid receiving tank, and the liquid collecting tank and the liquid collecting tank. It may have a communication pipe or a communication gutter or a communication plate for communicating with the apparatus. Since the liquid collecting tank is provided on the same horizontal plane as or above the liquid receiving tank, the liquid level in the liquid collecting tank is higher than the liquid level in the liquid receiving tank during operation. The liquid collecting tank is provided continuously or intermittently along the inner peripheral surface of the peripheral wall of the tank body. The liquid collecting tank is fixed in the tank body such that the outer peripheral wall thereof and the inner peripheral surface of the tank body peripheral wall are brought into close contact with each other, or at intervals. When the liquid collecting tank is fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the tank body by closely contacting the inner peripheral surface, the outer peripheral wall of the liquid collecting tank can be omitted, and the inner peripheral surface of the tank body peripheral wall can be replaced with the outer peripheral wall of the liquid collecting tank. . It is preferable that the liquid collecting tank is fixed with an interval between the outer peripheral wall thereof and the inner peripheral surface of the tank peripheral wall. It is particularly preferable that the size of the gap is equal to or larger than the thickness of the liquid layer that can flow down the inner peripheral surface of the peripheral wall of the tank body.

The connecting plate is a plate, a cylinder, or an inverted truncated conical hollow body like the above-mentioned liquid receiving plate, and is preferably an inverted truncated conical hollow body. The contact plate normally causes the liquid overflowing from the liquid collecting tank to be introduced into the liquid receiving tank. A connecting pipe and a connecting gutter can be used instead of the connecting plate. The connecting pipe and the connecting gutter are respectively attached to the top of the inner peripheral wall of the liquid collecting tank (hereinafter sometimes referred to as an inner peripheral wall), and the liquid overflowing from the liquid collecting tank is introduced into the liquid receiving tank, Alternatively, the liquid is attached to the inner peripheral wall and / or the bottom surface of the liquid collecting tank, and the liquid in the liquid collecting tank is introduced into the liquid receiving tank.

In these liquid receiving means, the liquid from the liquid transfer means is once received in the liquid collecting tank, and then introduced into the liquid receiving tank by a connecting pipe, a connecting gutter or a connecting plate. Is temporarily stored. The liquid receiving means may be fixed to the liquid receiving tank, or may be separated. In the former case, the liquid receiving tank may be mounted on and / or fixed to the support of the intermediate bearing of the stirring shaft. In the latter case, the liquid receiving tank is separated from the support of the intermediate bearing of the stirring shaft, is fixed to the stirring shaft, and is rotated together with the stirring blade.

Note that, between the outer peripheral surface of the stirring shaft and the liquid receiving tank, between the liquid receiving tank and the liquid receiving means, and between the liquid receiving means itself and / or between the liquid receiving means and the inner peripheral surface of the peripheral wall of the tank body. In addition, there must be sufficient clearance to allow the passage of liquid down the tank and / or vapor and air, such as air, rising up the tank. The transfer means is a pump,
Open the discharge pipe of the pump toward the liquid receiving tank,
When the liquid is directly transferred to the liquid receiving tank, the liquid receiving means can be omitted.

As the liquid transfer means, for example, a pump in which a suction pipe and a discharge pipe are opened toward the bottom or lower part of the tank body and the liquid receiving tank or liquid receiving means, respectively.
The length of the liquid sent from the bottom to the lower part of the tank body to the lower part of the liquid receiving tank, and the liquid sent to be rotated around the stirring shaft (the liquid sent as the liquid transfer means may be referred to as a lower liquid sent below. And a longitudinal pump driven by a stirring shaft. In the case where the single liquid receiving tank and the liquid receiving plate and the communication plate are provided as the liquid receiving means, the liquid cannot be used as the liquid transferring means, and a pump must be used.

The longitudinal pump has a mantle tube and a rotating body housed in the mantle tube. Representative examples of the rotating body include a spiral body, an eccentric spiral body, and an impeller. A so-called Archimedes pump is a typical example of the vertical axis pump in which the rotating body is a spiral body. In a vertical axis pump in which the rotating body is an eccentric spiral body, a so-called uniaxial eccentric screw pump is used.A stator of a plastic body fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the mantle tube and having an oval cross section is provided inside the stator. A pump having a metal rotor which is an eccentric spiral of a male screw which is rotated and has a circular cross section, and is typically a monopump or a monopump or a snake pump. A paddle type, a propeller type, a turbine type, or the like can be used as the impeller as a rotating body. The upper part of the mantle tube is hollow, and this hollow part is a liquid receiving tank. The diameter of the cavity serving as the liquid receiving tank can be larger than the diameter of the mantle tube below it. The opening at the lower end of the mantle tube of the vertical axis pump is used as an inlet for the liquid in the tank body.The lower end of the mantle tube is closed, or the lower end of the mantle tube is pierced without closing, and this hole is filled with the liquid in the tank body. Can also be used as an entrance.

The vertical pump is driven at least by a stirring shaft. Normally, it is preferable that the stirring shaft for rotating the liquid feed is used as the rotation axis of the rotating body of the vertical axis pump, and the stirring shaft for rotating the liquid sending is rotated and the rotating body of the vertical axis pump is rotated. The rotating body of the vertical axis pump can be stopped to rotate only the mantle tube, or both the mantle tube and the rotating body can be rotated. When rotating both the mantle tube and the rotating body, both may be rotated in opposite directions or may be rotated in the same direction. When rotating both in the same direction, the rotational speeds of both must be different from each other. When the mantle tube is rotated, it is preferable to attach a stirring blade such as a flat blade and a turbine blade to the outer peripheral surface of the mantle tube. In the case of rotating only the rotating body by the stirring shaft of the liquid feed in the vertical axis pump, the rotating body may be fixed to the supporting member of the intermediate bearing of the stirring shaft penetrating the hollow portion of the mantle tube and / or fixed to the mantle tube. The mantle tube can be fixed to the peripheral wall of the tank body via the support.

When the vertical pump is driven by the rotary shaft, the liquid in the tank flows through the opening at the lower end of the outer tube or the hole formed in the lower portion of the outer tube, and is raised inside the outer tube by the action of the rotating body. The liquid is temporarily stored in a hollow portion formed as a liquid receiving tank above the mantle tube. In the case where the liquid level of the liquid in the tank is higher than the support of the intermediate bearing of the stirring shaft, in the distillation tower bottom heating device of the present invention, the stirring shaft is rotated so that the upper liquid feed in the liquid immersion section is rotated. The liquid in the tank body is raised from the upper liquid sending and is ejected from the upper opening of the liquid sending.

When the liquid in the tank falls below the support of the intermediate bearing of the stirring shaft, the pump which is the liquid transferring means is driven, and the liquid transferring means rotated about the stirring shaft. The liquid in the tank body is directly transferred to the liquid receiving tank with or without the liquid receiving means by means of a lower liquid sending liquid and a liquid transferring means driven by a stirring shaft, such as a vertical pump. It is temporarily stored.

The lower opening of the liquid to be sent is immersed in the liquid in the liquid receiving tank. When the liquid receiving tank is fixed, the lower opening of the liquid sending liquid is fitted through the opening of the liquid receiving tank. In the case where the liquid receiving tank is rotated, the thin liquid feed is made to penetrate the lower opening through the outer peripheral wall of the liquid receiving tank to open the liquid receiving tank. The liquid temporarily stored in the liquid receiving tank is immersed in the lower opening of the liquid, and is raised in the liquid sent to be rotated about the rotation axis with the rotation of the stirring shaft, and the upper opening is opened. From squirting. In the case where the liquid stored in the liquid receiving tank is a liquid that has fallen from above the liquid receiving tank in the distillation column and / or a liquid that has been withdrawn from the bottom of the distillation column, a thin liquid sending liquid Despite the inclination angle,
It may be negative, and the upper opening may be lower than the lower opening in the narrow liquid feed. In this way, the liquid in the tank is always ejected from the upper opening of the liquid sent in the upper part of the tank, regardless of whether the liquid surface is above or below the lower opening of the upper liquid sent.

Further, in the distillation column stored in the liquid receiving tank, the liquid dropped from above the liquid receiving tank and / or the liquid withdrawn from the bottom of the distillation column is discharged from the upper opening of the upper liquid sending liquid. It is always blown out and circulated in the tank. Since the liquid that has fallen from above the liquid receiving tank in the distillation column and / or the liquid that has been withdrawn from the bottom of the distillation column at the bottom generally contains no solid or only a small amount, These liquids are directly received and stored in the liquid receiving tank, and the liquid is ejected from the upper opening of the upper liquid sending liquid, and the inner peripheral surface of the tank body peripheral wall and / or
Alternatively, even if it is sprayed on the heat transfer surface of the heat exchange means, solids do not adhere to the inner peripheral surface of the peripheral wall of the tank body and / or the heat transfer surface of the heat exchange means and are not contaminated, which is preferable.

Further, the rotation speed of the liquid supply can be changed in accordance with the fluctuation of the liquid depth in the tank. That is, as the liquid depth decreases, the rotation speed of the liquid feed increases. The change in the liquid depth is detected by the liquid level detecting means. In addition to the liquid level gauge, a torque meter for detecting the torque of the stirring shaft and a dynamometer for detecting the power of the electric motor can be used as the liquid level detecting means. Signals are issued from these liquid level detecting means in response to fluctuations in the liquid depth. This signal is transmitted to the rotation speed transmission to change the rotation speed of the electric motor for driving the stirring shaft on which the liquid feed is mounted. Representative examples of the rotational speed transmission include an electric motor equipped with an inverter, a Bayer transmission, and a ring cone transmission. Further, it is possible to visually detect a change in the liquid depth and manually change the rotational speed of the agitating shaft driving motor in response to the change in the liquid depth.

The ejected liquid ejected from the upper opening of the liquid sending liquid is used for the following various applications. That is,
For example, besides being used for cleaning the inner peripheral surface of the tank body peripheral wall by spraying it on the inner peripheral surface of the tank body peripheral wall, (a) when the liquid level in the tank body falls, In the case where the jacket is provided on the outer peripheral surface, the heat is transferred to the inner peripheral surface of the peripheral wall of the tank as a heat transfer surface to maintain the heat transfer area. (B) In a tank body in which a heating / cooling device such as a serpentine tube and a multi-tube bundle is provided in the tank body, heat is transferred to each surface of the heating / cooling device such as the serpentine tube and the multi-tube bundle which is a heat transfer surface. Keep area and / or wash. (C) Spray on the foam layer on the liquid surface to defoam. (D) Spray in the space above the liquid surface to evaporate the liquid. Used for

[0057]

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG.
Although described more specifically, the present invention is not limited to these examples. These drawings are schematic views illustrating the principle of the distillation tower bottom heating device of the first invention, and do not accurately show dimensions, relative sizes, and the like.

FIGS. 1 to 4 show various types of thin liquid feeds. FIG. 1 shows a cylinder that is a thin liquid feeder fixedly attached to a stirring shaft by a fixture. In FIG. 1, a is a plan view, and b is a cross-sectional view taken along a line BB of a cylinder, which is a thin liquid feeder, which is fixedly attached to a stirring shaft by the attachment shown in a. However, in a, the stirring shaft shows the end face of the transverse portion. This thin liquid feed is a cylinder 1, and four cylinders 1,..., 1 are attached to a stirring shaft 3 at an inclination angle of about 45 ° by being fixed obliquely to a stirring shaft 3.

The openings at the lower end and the upper end of the cylinder 1, which is a thin liquid sending liquid, are a lower opening 11 and an upper opening 12, respectively. The cylinder 1 is extended substantially horizontally upward to the circumference of the plane of rotation. Mounting bracket 2 has a central angle of 9
Plates 22, ..., 22 fixed radially to the center ring 21 at 0 °. Thus, the stirring shaft 3 is inserted through the center ring 21, and the attachment 2 is fixed to the stirring shaft 3.

FIG. 2 shows a typical example of a gutter-like body which is a thin liquid sending liquid. In FIG. 2, a, b, and c are side views of the gutter-like body, respectively, obliquely upward (in the direction of the arrow in a).
It is the front view and perspective view seen from FIG. The trough-shaped body 4 shown in FIG. 2 is a truncated truncated conical hollow body that is longitudinally cut along a plane including a long axis, is vertically long and has no bottom, and has a lower edge 41 and an upper edge 41, respectively. It is 42. The cross section of the intermediate portion and the respective shapes of the lower opening 41 and the upper opening 42 are all semicircular. Further, the side surface shape of the gutter-like body 4 is such that the intermediate portion is linear, and the lower end and the upper end are extended substantially horizontally in the center direction and the circumferential direction of the rotation plane, respectively, so that a vertically long S
It is shaped like a letter.

FIG. 3 shows a representative example of a plate which is a thin liquid feed. In FIG. 3, a and b are a side view and a front view, respectively. The plate body 5 shown in FIG. 3 is substantially a vertically long rectangle, and the lower edge and the upper edge thereof are a lower opening 51 and an upper opening 52, respectively.

FIG. 4 shows a typical example of a gutter-like body which is a thin liquid feeder integrated with a plate body as a fixture. 4A is a perspective view and FIG. 4B is a plan view. However, the cross-section end surface of the stirring shaft is shown in b. That is, a deformed inverted trapezoidal plate body 6 in which the lower part of the hypotenuse of the inverted trapezoid is bent inward is attached to the stirring shaft 3, and the deformed inverted trapezoidal plate body 6 is attached.
A plate body 65 bent from a folding curve 651 in accordance with the hypotenuse of the deformed inverted trapezoid is brought into contact with and connected to the edge of the oblique side, thereby forming a gutter-shaped body 61. A gutter-like body 62 is similarly formed on the opposite side.
The lower openings 611, 621 and the upper openings 61 of the troughs 61, 62
Each of the 2,622 shapes has a right angle of apex,
It has an asymmetric shape in which one side has a long L-shape.

In this modified inverted trapezoidal plate 6, the flat portion 63 that is not bent is used as a fixture.
In addition, it acts as a stirring blade. An inverted trapezoidal hole in the flat plate 63
631 and 631 are drilled to reduce the fluid resistance here. Each of these gutter-shaped members 61 and 62 corresponds to a gutter-shaped member attached to a fixture without being eccentric, and each deflection angle is about 45 °. The gutters 61 and 62 are rotated clockwise as viewed from above.

FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 each show a thick liquid sending liquid which is attached to the stirring shaft concentrically with the stirring shaft by the fixture. 5 and 6 are partially cutaway perspective views of the thick liquid feed.

In FIG. 5, a square rod-shaped fixture 2 is mounted on the bottomless cylinder 7 serving as a thick liquid sending liquid. This cylinder 7 is mounted on the stirring shaft 3 concentrically with the stirring shaft 3 by the fixture 2. Thus, the lower end and the upper end of the cylinder 7 are a lower opening 71 and an upper opening 72, respectively.

In FIG. 6, a square rod-shaped fitting 2 is mounted on the inside of a bottomless inverted truncated conical hollow body 8 as a thick liquid to be fed. The inverted truncated cone hollow body 8 is attached to the stirring shaft 3 by the fixture 2 concentrically with the stirring shaft 3. Thus, the lower end and the upper end of the hollow inverted truncated cone 8 are a lower opening 81 and an upper opening 82, respectively.

Each of the liquid feeds shown in FIGS. 1 to 6 has its lower opening immersed in the body of the tank or the liquid receiving tank, while its upper opening is exposed from the surface of the liquid. Then, by rotating the liquid to be sent around the stirring shaft, the liquid in the liquid immersion part of the liquid to be sent is raised in the liquid to be sent from the upper opening by centrifugal force according to Bernoulli's theorem and centrifugal force. It is squirted into the space above the liquid level in the body. In the thick liquid transfer shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the liquid in the liquid immersion portion of the thick liquid is raised while rotating the inner peripheral surface of the thick liquid.

FIG. 7 is a partially cutaway perspective view of a typical example of a single liquid receiving tank. The single liquid receiving tank 9 has a flat bottomed cylinder whose upper bottom is open, and whose lower bottom is closed by a donut-shaped bottom plate 91 defined by two concentric circles. The diameter is slightly smaller than the diameter of the inner circumference of the peripheral wall of the tank (not shown). Stirring shaft 3 at the center of the bottom plate 91
A circular hole 92 is drilled to allow the hole to pass therethrough. The bottom plate 91 is provided with an inner peripheral wall 93 surrounding the stirring shaft 3 around the hole 92 and an outer peripheral peripheral wall 94 at the outer peripheral edge. The inner peripheral wall 93 is independent of the stirring shaft 3. A gap is provided between the outer peripheral surface of the outer peripheral wall 94 of the single liquid receiving tank 9 and the inner peripheral surface of the tank body peripheral wall, and this gap is defined as the liquid layer of the liquid layer that can flow down the inner peripheral surface of the tank body peripheral wall. It is larger than the thickness. Thus, the single liquid receiving tank 9 is provided with the intermediate bearing 32 of the stirring shaft 3.
It is placed on and fixed to a support 321 (not shown).

In the single liquid receiving tank 9 shown in FIG. 7, the liquid in the tank from the liquid transfer means (not shown) or the liquid at the bottom of the distillation column or the liquid withdrawn from the bottom of the distillation column is stopped. It is supplied and received in the liquid receiving tank 9, and the single liquid receiving tank
Stored temporarily in 9. The lower opening of the liquid sending liquid is immersed in the liquid stored in the single liquid receiving tank 9.

FIG. 8 shows a typical example of a liquid receiving tank provided with a liquid receiving means. In FIG. 8, a is a partially cutaway plan view, and b is a BB cross-sectional view (longitudinal cross-sectional view) of a liquid receiving tank provided with the liquid receiving means shown in a. The liquid receiving tank 10 is a bottomed cylinder whose upper bottom is open and whose lower bottom is closed by a donut-shaped bottom plate 101 defined by two concentric circles.
The bottom plate 101 is provided with a circular hole 102 at the center thereof so that the stirring shaft 3 can be inserted therethrough. The liquid receiving tank 10 has a bottom plate 1
The periphery of the hole 102 is fixed to the stirring shaft 3 and fixed to the stirring shaft 3 above the support 321 of the intermediate bearing 32 of the stirring shaft 3 at a distance from the support 321. Is rotated by In the liquid receiving tank 10, a portion corresponding to the stirring shaft 3 corresponds to an inner peripheral wall of the liquid receiving tank 10. Further, holes 1031,..., 1031 are formed in the outer peripheral wall 103 of the liquid receiving tank 10 so as to be connected to the lower opening 12 of the cylinder 1, which is a thin liquid sending liquid.

A funnel-shaped liquid receiving plate 104 is mounted above the liquid receiving tank 10 as liquid receiving means. The outer diameter of the liquid receiving plate 104 is equal to the diameter of the inner peripheral surface (not shown) of the peripheral wall of the tank body. The opening at the lower end of the liquid receiving plate 104 is opened just above the opening at the upper end of the liquid receiving tank 10. A gap is provided between the back surface of the liquid receiving plate 104 and the outer peripheral edge of the opening of the liquid receiving tank 10. The liquid in the tank body from the liquid transfer means (not shown) is supplied and received by the stopped liquid receiving plate 104,
The liquid flows down the surface of the liquid receiving plate 104 to reach the liquid receiving tank 10, and is temporarily stored in the rotating liquid receiving tank 10. The lower opening of the liquid sending liquid is immersed in the liquid stored in the liquid receiving tank 10.

FIG. 9 shows a liquid receiving tank provided with a liquid collecting tank and a communication pipe as a liquid receiving means, in which a is a plan view, and b is a liquid receiving tank in which the liquid receiving means shown in a is mounted. B- of liquid tank
It is B sectional drawing. The liquid receiving tank 13 has a donut-shaped bottom plate 13 having an upper bottom opened and a lower bottom defined by two concentric circles.
A cylindrical body closed with 1 and a stirring shaft 3
A circular hole 1311 is formed to allow the hole to pass therethrough.
In the bottom plate 131, an inner peripheral wall 132 and an outer peripheral wall 133 which are parallel to the peripheral wall (not shown) of the tank body are provided on the peripheral edge and the outer peripheral edge of the circular hole 1311, respectively. The liquid receiving tank 13 is independent of the stirring shaft 3, and the intermediate bearing of the stirring shaft 3
It is mounted on and fixed to 32 supports 321.

A liquid collecting tank 14 is provided on the same horizontal plane as the liquid receiving tank 13 and close to the inner peripheral surface of the tank body peripheral wall.
The liquid collecting tank 14 is closed by a donut-shaped bottom plate 141 whose lower bottom is defined by two concentric circles, and a peripheral wall (not shown) of the tank body is provided at each of the inner peripheral edge and the outer peripheral edge of the bottom plate 141. Are provided with an inner peripheral wall 142 and an outer peripheral wall 143 which are parallel to the inner peripheral surface. The outer peripheral wall 143 of the liquid collecting tank 14 is fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the tank body peripheral wall with a gap.

The bottom of the inner peripheral wall 142 of the liquid collecting tank 14 and the bottom of the liquid receiving tank 13 are communicated by eight cylindrical communication pipes 144,..., 144. The central angle between the eight cylindrical communication pipes 144,..., 144 is 45 °. The liquid in the tank from the liquid transfer means (not shown) is once received and stored in the stopped liquid collecting tank 14. Liquid collecting tank 14
The liquid stored in the storage tank 13 is caused to flow into the stopped liquid receiving tank 13 via the communication pipes 144,..., 144 and stored. Thus, during operation, the liquid level in the liquid collecting tank 14 is always higher than the liquid level in the liquid receiving tank 13. The lower opening of the liquid to be sent is immersed in the liquid stored in the liquid receiving tank 13.

FIGS. 10 to 12 show a cylinder 1 which is a liquid supply.
2 shows a vertical axis pump provided in contact with the lower opening 11 of FIG. These longitudinal pumps 17 have a mantle tube 171 and a rotating body 172 (173, 174) housed in the mantle tube 171. The stirring shaft 3 rotates the rotating body 172 (173, 174). The rotating body 172 (173, 174) is rotated in a mantle tube. The rotating body 172 (173, 173,
174) is not provided and is a hollow portion 1711. In addition, the diameter of the cavity 1711 above the outer tube 171 of the longitudinal pump 17 shown in FIG. 10 is made larger than the diameter of the portion below it, and the outer jacket below the cavity 1711 is also provided. The diameter of the tube 171 is constant. FIG. 11 and FIG.
The outer tube 171 of the longitudinal pump 17 shown in each of FIGS. 2A and 2B has a constant diameter from its upper end to its lower end. Thus, the hollow portion 1711 of the mantle tube 171 corresponds to the above-described liquid receiving tank. The lower opening 12 of the cylinder 1 that is the liquid feed is immersed in the liquid stored in the hollow portion 1711 of the outer tube 171.

The vertical pump 17 shown in FIGS.
The rotating bodies 172, 173, and 174 are a spiral body, an eccentric spiral body, and a paddle-shaped blade, respectively. The vertical axis pump shown in FIG. 11 is a so-called uniaxial eccentric screw pump, and a rotor made of metal, which is mounted on the stirring shaft 3 and is an eccentric spiral body having a male screw with a transverse cross section, is a rotating body 173. A plastic stator 1731 having an oblong cross section is fixed to the inner peripheral surface.

In these vertical pumps 17, the liquid in the tank is allowed to flow through the opening at the lower end of the outer tube 171 of the vertical pump 17, and rises in the outer tube 17 by the action of the rotating body 172 (173, 174). Then, it is made to reach the hollow portion 1711 of the mantle tube 171 where it is temporarily stored. The liquid stored in the hollow portion 1711 of the mantle tube 171 is raised inside the cylinder 1 via the lower opening 11 of the cylinder 1 as the liquid to be sent, and is ejected from the upper opening 12 of the cylinder 1.

In the vertical pump 17 shown in FIG.
The vertical axis pump 17 is fixed in the tank body by fixing the outer tube 171 to the support 311 of the intermediate bearing 31 of the stirring shaft 3 penetrating the hollow portion 1711 above the outer tube 171. In the vertical pump 17 shown in each of FIGS. 11 and 12, the vertical pump 17 is
1 is fixed to the peripheral wall of the tank body by a fixing tool 1712, thereby being fixed in the tank body.

Instead of the cylinder which is the liquid feed in FIGS. 10 to 12, a trough-like body or a plate or a thick liquid feed can be used.

FIGS. 13 to 18 are longitudinal sectional views of a distillation column equipped with the distillation column bottom heating device of the first invention. FIG. 13 is a longitudinal sectional view of a lower portion of a distillation column in which the distillation column bottom heating device of the first invention is a distillation can. However,
Only the lower part of the distillation column and the jacket, which are the tank bodies, are shown by the cut end face. In the distillation can shown in FIG.
A jacket J is attached to the lower part of the distillation column D, which is a tank body, except for the lower part of the distillation column in the drawings. The same applies to other drawings as well, surrounding the outer peripheral surface of the peripheral wall and the outer surface of the bottom plate. I have. In addition, the narrow liquid feed shown in FIG. 1 is mounted inside the lower part of the distillation column D.

That is, the upper part of the heat transfer surface of the jacket J is not brought into contact with the bottom liquid. It was on the diameter of the distillation column D, and was supported by a bearing 32 supported by a support 321 fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the peripheral wall of the distillation column D and a bearing 33 mounted on the center of the bottom plate of the distillation column D. Around the stirring shaft 3,
Each of the four cylinders 1,..., 1 having a lower opening 11 and an upper opening 12 is attached obliquely by a fixture 2 at a central angle of about 90 ° to form a thin liquid feed. The motor M is mounted on the bottom plate of the distillation column D, and the stirring shaft 3
Is connected to the lower end. Lower opening 11 for each cylinder 1
Is immersed in the bottom liquid stored in the bottom of the distillation column D.

By rotating the stirring shaft 3 with the electric motor M and rotating the cylinders 1,...
The bottom liquid in the lower part of 1, 1, ... is raised inside the cylinders 1, ..., 1 and is ejected from the upper opening 12 into the space above the liquid surface of the bottom liquid. It is sprayed on the inner peripheral surface of the peripheral wall of the distillation tower D, which is the hot surface, and is evaporated while flowing down. The remainder is evaporated while falling in the space inside the distillation tower R. Also, the heating of the distillation column
Vapor is generated from the bottom liquid at the bottom of D, and this vapor rises in distillation column D together with the vapor generated on the heat transfer surface of jacket J and the vapor generated in the space in distillation column R.

FIGS. 14 to 18 are vertical sectional views of the lower part of the distillation column in which the reboiler, which is the apparatus for heating the column bottom of the distillation column of the first invention, is connected to the column bottom. However, in FIGS. 14 and 17, only the reboiler and the lower part of the distillation column, which are tanks, are shown, and in FIGS. 15, 16 and 18, only a part of the jacket and the liquid receiving tank and liquid receiving means are further provided. The cut end is shown. In the reboiler R of the distillation column shown in FIG. 14, a coiled heat exchanger C is installed in the reboiler R as heat exchange means.

Further, a cylinder 1,..., 1 which is a thin liquid feed shown in FIG. 1 is mounted on a stirring shaft 3 supported by bearings 34, 33 at the center of the top plate and the bottom plate of the reboiler R, respectively. Is installed in the coiled tube of the coiled heat exchanger C. The upper end of the stirring shaft 3 is connected to the motor M. The upper portion of the reboiler R is connected to the bottom plate of the distillation column D by a bottom liquid discharge pipe 18, while the top plate is connected to the peripheral wall of the distillation column D by a vapor pipe 19.

The bottom liquid at the bottom of the distillation column D is supplied to the bottom liquid discharge pipe 18.
From the top of the reboiler R
And stored in the reboiler R. The upper part of the coiled heat exchanger C is exposed from the liquid level. The lower opening 11 of each cylinder 1, which is a liquid to be sent, is immersed in the liquid withdrawn from the bottom stored in the reboiler. Electric motor
By rotating the stirring shaft 3 by M and rotating the cylinders 1,..., 1 that are the thin liquid feeds around the stirring shaft 3, the bottom liquid extracted from the bottom of each cylinder 1, which is the thin liquid feed, is The upper opening is raised by being raised inside the cylinder 1
It is squirted into the space above the liquid level at the bottom of the column from 12 and part of it is sprayed on the inner peripheral surface of the peripheral wall of the distillation column D, and the remainder is allowed to fall into the space above the liquid level while part of it is evaporated. The remainder is sprayed on the heat transfer surface exposed from the liquid surface of the coiled heat exchanger C. The liquid withdrawn from the bottom contacted with the heat transfer surface of the coiled heat exchanger C is evaporated to generate steam. This vapor rises in the reboiler R, and is discharged from the reboiler R together with the vapor of the liquid withdrawn from the bottom which has been evaporated on the liquid level.
And returned to the distillation column.

In the reboiler R shown in FIG. 15, the agitating shaft 3 is supported by an intermediate bearing 35 supported by a support 351 at an intermediate portion thereof, and the heat exchange means is a peripheral wall and a bottom plate of the reboiler R. A liquid receiving tank, a liquid receiving means, and a liquid transfer means shown in FIG. 9 are provided below the cylinders 1,... There is essentially no difference from the reboiler shown in FIG. That is, cylinders (though two cylinders are omitted) 1,..., Which are thin liquid transmissions shown in FIG. Ingredient
Installed diagonally by two.

A liquid receiving tank 13 is mounted on and fixed to a support 351 independently of the stirring shaft 3 below the cylinders 1,... On the same horizontal plane as the liquid receiving tank 13, a liquid collecting tank 14 is provided close to the peripheral wall of the reboiler D,
The bottom of the liquid receiving tank 13 is connected to the bottom of the liquid collecting tank 14 by a communication pipe 144. The lower opening 12 of each cylinder 1, which is a thin liquid transfer as the upper liquid transfer, is connected to the liquid receiving tank 13.
It is immersed in the bottom liquid extracted from the tower. Under the liquid collecting tank 14, a cylindrical body 20,...
3, and the lower opening 201 is immersed in the bottoms withdrawal liquid stored in the reboiler R.

The bottom liquid discharged from the bottom of the distillation column D via the bottom liquid discharge pipe 18 is directly stored in the liquid collecting tank 14. A part of the liquid withdrawn from the bottom stored in the liquid collecting tank 14 is part of the inner peripheral wall 142 and the outer peripheral wall 143 of the liquid collecting tank 14.
The upper edge of each of them is overflowed and is dropped while being evaporated in the reboiler R, and is stored in the reboiler R. The lower opening 201 is immersed in the bottom-out liquid and is spouted from the bottom-out liquid from the upper opening 202 of each of the cylinders 20 which is a thin liquid sending liquid whose center of the stirring shaft 3 is rotated. The liquid ejected from the upper opening 202 passes through the gap between the communicating pipes 144, 144 which are stopped, is sent to the liquid collecting tank 14, and is then guided to the liquid receiving tank 13 by each connecting pipe 144. The liquid is received in the liquid receiving tank 13 and stored.

On the other hand, the lower opening 11 of each cylinder 1, which is a thin liquid sending liquid, is immersed in the tower bottom withdrawal liquid stored in the liquid receiving tank 13, and each cylinder 1 is rotated about the rotation axis 3. As a result, the bottom liquid extracted from the bottom of each cylinder 1 is raised inside the cylinder 1 and ejected from the upper opening 12, and is sprayed on the inner peripheral surface of the reboiler R peripheral wall which is the heat transfer surface of the jacket J. I'm sullen.

A part of the liquid discharged from the bottom of the column, which is a thin liquid sent from the upper opening 12 of each cylinder 1, is sprayed on the heat transfer surface of the jacket J, which is the inner peripheral surface of the reboiler R, and flows down. Steam is generated by heating and the remainder is heated in a space above the liquid level to generate steam. The liquid discharged from the bottom stored in the reboiler R is also heated to generate steam.This steam is regenerated together with the steam generated on the peripheral wall of the reboiler R, which is the heat transfer surface of the jacket J. Raise the inside of the boiler R, and connect the receiving tank 13 and the connecting pipe.
Gap with 144, gap between connecting pipes 144, 144 and liquid collecting tank 1
4 passes through the gap between the outer peripheral wall 143 and the inner peripheral surface of the reboiler R peripheral wall, and further rises in the reboiler R together with the steam generated in the space above the liquid level, via the steam pipe 19 And distillation tower
Supplied to R.

The reboiler R shown in FIG. 16 has a cavity 1711 above the mantle tube 171 serving as a liquid receiving tank below the thin cylinders 1,... 10 is essentially the same as the reboiler shown in FIG. 15 except that a vertical pump 17 in which a spiral body 172 as a rotating body shown in FIG. There is no different place.

In FIG. 16, the bottoms withdrawn in the reboiler R is heated and evaporated by the jacket J to generate steam. On the other hand, the liquid withdrawn from the bottom stored in the reboiler R is supplied to the stirring shaft 3
The liquid is sent to a cavity 1711 serving as a liquid receiving tank by a vertical axis pump 17 driven by the pump, and is stored therein. It is erupted from 12. The steam generated from the liquid discharged from the bottom stored in the reboiler R rises in the reboiler R together with the steam generated on the peripheral wall of the reboiler R, and the vertical It passes through a gap between the outer peripheral surface of the hollow portion 1711 of the outer tube 171 of the shaft pump 17 and the inner periphery of the reboiler R peripheral wall, and further passes through the reboiler R together with the steam generated in the space above the liquid level. To rise.

In the reboiler shown in FIG. 17, the heat exchange means is a coiled tube heat exchanger C, and the cylinders 1 and 2 which are thin liquid feeders are used.
, 1 are provided below the single liquid receiving tank 9 shown in FIG. 7 and the cylinders 20,. There is nothing inherently different from the reboiler used. In FIG. 17, the bottom liquid discharged from the bottom of the distillation column D into the reboiler R via the bottom liquid discharge pipe 18 is directly supplied to the single liquid receiving tank 9, and a part of the liquid is discharged. It is stored here, and the rest is a single receiving tank.
, Overflows from the outer peripheral wall 94 and evaporates the space inside the reboiler R and falls, and a part of the water flows down the heat transfer surface of the coiled tube heat exchanger C exposed from the liquid level, The remainder is stored in a reboiler R and heated by a coiled heat exchanger C. The vapor evaporated from the bottoms withdrawn from the tower and heated in contact with the coiled heat exchanger C, and the vapor generated in the reboiler R rises in the reboiler R to form a single receiving tank. 9 through the gap between the outer peripheral wall 94 and the inner peripheral surface of the reboiler R peripheral wall, further rises in the reboiler R, and enters the distillation column D from the reboiler R via the steam pipe 19. Will be returned.

In the reboiler shown in FIG. 18, the heat exchange means is a jacket J provided around the outer peripheral surface of the peripheral wall and the outer peripheral surface of the bottom surface of the reboiler R. Below the cylinders 1,..., 1 which are liquids, similarly to FIG.
There is no difference from the reboiler shown in FIG. 17 except for the provision of 20,..., 20. In FIG. 18, the bottom liquid withdrawn from the bottom, which is stored in the single liquid receiving tank 9, is a cylindrical liquid 1,...
The upper opening of the cylinder 1, which is a thin liquid sending liquid, whose lower opening 11 is immersed in the tower bottom withdrawal liquid stored in the single liquid receiving tank 9
A part of this liquid is scattered on the inner peripheral surface of the peripheral wall of the reboiler R, which is the heat transfer surface of the jacket J, and is evaporated while flowing down the inner peripheral surface. Secure the entire heat transfer surface as an effective heat transfer area,
The remainder falls while evaporating the space in the reboiler R and is stored in the reboiler R.

On the other hand, the column bottoms withdrawn in the reboiler R is supplied to the upper opening 202 of the cylinder 20 which is a thin liquid as the lower liquid to be immersed in the lower opening 201.
A part of this is sprayed on the inner peripheral surface of the lower part of the peripheral wall of the reboiler R, which is the heat transfer surface of the jacket J, and is allowed to evaporate while flowing down the inner peripheral surface. The lower heat transfer surface is secured as an effective heat transfer area, and the remainder falls while evaporating the space in the reboiler R and is stored in the reboiler R. Jack J
The steam generated on the heat transfer surface and the steam generated in the space inside the reboiler R both rise in the reboiler R and are discharged from the reboiler R, and pass through the steam pipe 19. And returned to the distillation column D.

In the reboiler shown in FIGS. 13 to 18, a trough-like body, a plate, and a thick liquid feed can be used instead of the thin liquid feed cylinder.

[0097]

According to the present invention, the apparatus for heating the bottom of the distillation column has a simple structure, and when an obstacle such as a bearing is provided in the middle of the stirring shaft and / or the inclination angle of the liquid cannot be increased.
In addition, even when the length must be shortened, the liquid in the tank can be constantly ejected to the top of the tank simply by rotating the stirring shaft, regardless of the liquid level. With this ejected liquid, defoaming of the foam layer on the liquid surface, cleaning of the inner peripheral surface of the peripheral wall of the tank body, securing of the heat transfer area, cleaning of the heat transfer surface, and evaporation of the liquid are easy. become.

In particular, when the present invention is applied to a batch distillation column, the effective heat transfer area of the heat exchange means can be ensured despite the fact that the liquid depth in the tank body decreases with time. ,
As a result, the amount of generated steam can be kept almost constant,
Stable operation can be continued under predetermined operating conditions. Further, in the present invention, the liquid dropped from the distillation column or the liquid withdrawn from the bottom is directly received and stored in the liquid receiving tank, and the liquid stored in the liquid receiving tank is supplied with the liquid to send the liquid to the inner peripheral surface of the tank body peripheral wall and / or the liquid. Alternatively, by spraying on the heat transfer surface of the heat exchange means and letting it flow down, the inner peripheral surface of the tank body peripheral wall and / or the heat transfer surface of the heat exchange means are kept clean without being contaminated for a long time. .

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 shows a thin liquid sending cylinder fixedly attached to a stirring shaft by a fixture.

FIG. 2 shows a typical example of a gutter-like body that is a thin liquid sending liquid.

FIG. 3 shows a representative example of a plate that is a thin liquid transfer.

FIG. 4 shows a typical example of a gutter-like body which is a thin liquid feeder integrated with a plate body as a fixture.

FIG. 5 is a partially cutaway perspective view of a typical example of a cylinder that is a thick liquid feeder attached to a stirring shaft concentrically with the stirring shaft by a fitting.

FIG. 6 is a partially cutaway perspective view of a representative example of a hollow inverted truncated cone, which is a thick liquid feeder, which is attached to the stirring shaft concentrically with the stirring shaft by a fixture.

FIG. 7 is a partially cutaway perspective view of a representative example of a single liquid receiving tank.

FIG. 8 shows a liquid receiving tank on which a liquid receiving plate as a liquid receiving means is mounted.

FIG. 9 shows a liquid collecting tank as a liquid receiving means and a liquid receiving tank to which a communication pipe is attached.

FIG. 10 shows a vertical-axis pump provided below the liquid feed and having a helical rotating body.

FIG. 11 shows a vertical axis pump provided below the liquid feed and in which a rotating body is an eccentric spiral.

FIG. 12 shows a vertical axis pump provided below a liquid feed and having a rotating body as paddle-shaped blades.

FIG. 13 is a longitudinal sectional view of a lower portion of a distillation column in which the distillation column bottom heating device is a distillation can.

FIG. 14 is a vertical sectional view of a lower portion of a distillation column in which a reboiler as a distillation column bottom heating device is connected to the column bottom.

FIG. 15 is a longitudinal sectional view of a lower portion of a distillation column in which a reboiler as a distillation column bottom heating device is connected to the column bottom.

FIG. 16 is a longitudinal sectional view of a lower portion of a distillation column in which a reboiler as a distillation column bottom heating device is connected to the column bottom.

FIG. 17 is a longitudinal sectional view of a lower portion of a distillation column in which a reboiler as a distillation column bottom heating device is connected to the column bottom.

FIG. 18 is a longitudinal sectional view of a lower portion of a distillation column in which a reboiler as a distillation column bottom heating device is connected to the column bottom.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Cylinder 11 Lower opening 12 Upper opening 2 Mounting tool 21 Center ring 22 Plate 3 Stirring shaft 31 Intermediate bearing 311 Support tool 32 Intermediate bearing 321 Support tool 33 Bearing 34 Bearing 35 Bearing 351 Support tool 4 Gutter 41 Lower opening 42 Upper Opening 5 Plate 51 Lower opening 52 Upper opening 6 Plate 61 Gutter 611 Lower opening 612 Upper opening 62 Gutter 621 Lower opening 622 Upper opening 63 Plate 631 Hole 65 Plate 651 Folding curve 7 Cylinder 71 Lower opening 72 Upper opening 8 Inverted truncated cone hollow body 81 Lower opening 82 Upper opening 9 Single liquid receiving tank 91 Bottom plate 92 Hole 93 Inner peripheral wall 94 Outer peripheral wall 10 Liquid receiving tank 101 Bottom plate 102 hole 103 Outer peripheral wall 1031 hole 104 Liquid receiving plate 13 Liquid receiving tank 131 Bottom plate 1311 Hole 132 Inner peripheral wall 133 Outer peripheral wall 14 Liquid collecting tank 141 Bottom plate 142 Inner peripheral wall 143 Outer peripheral wall 144 Connecting pipe 17 Vertical axis pump 171 Outer pipe 1711 Cavity 1712 Fixture 172 Rotating body 173 Rotating body 1731 Stator 174 Rotating body 18 Bottom liquid discharge pipe 19 Steam pipe 20 Cylinder 201 Lower opening 202 Upper opening C snake Tube heat exchanger D Distillation tower J Jacket M Motor R Reboiler

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page F term (reference) 4D076 AA22 BB01 BB04 BB05 CD02 CD03 CD08 CD13 CD14 DA08 DA10 DA25 EA04Y EA11Y EA12Y EA24Y EA32 FA31 FA37 JA03

Claims (19)

[Claims] 1. A distillation tower bottom heating device for heating a bottom liquid of a distillation column or a bottom liquid extracted from the distillation column, wherein a stirring shaft is provided in a tank body, and the stirring shaft is rotated about the stirring shaft. A liquid to be sent, the liquid having an upper opening and a lower opening, and by rotating the liquid about a stirring shaft, the bottom liquid or the bottom liquid withdrawn from the bottom is supplied to the lower opening of the liquid. And a bottom heating device for a distillation column, wherein the liquid is sequentially passed through the liquid feed and jetted from the upper opening. 2. The distillation column bottom heating device according to claim 1, wherein the distillation column bottom heating device is a distillation can. 3. The distillation tower bottom heating device according to claim 1, wherein the distillation column bottom heating device is a reboiler. 4. The distillation tower bottom heating device according to claim 1, wherein the liquid is a thin liquid. 5. The apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the thin liquid is a tube, a trough, or a plate. 6. The distillation column heating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the liquid is a thick liquid. 7. The apparatus for heating the bottom of a distillation column according to claim 6, wherein the thick liquid sending liquid is a cylindrical body or an inverted truncated cone hollow body concentric with the stirring shaft. 8. A liquid receiving tank is provided in contact with a lower opening of the liquid sending liquid, and has liquid transfer means for transferring a bottom liquid, a bottom liquid withdrawn from the bottom, or a liquid in the tank body to the liquid receiving tank. A distillation tower bottom heating device in which a lower opening of the liquid sending liquid is immersed in the liquid in the liquid receiving tank. 9. The distillation tower bottom heating device according to claim 8, wherein a liquid receiving means is connected to an outer peripheral wall of the liquid receiving tank. 10. The distillation column bottom heating device according to claim 9, wherein the liquid receiving means is a liquid receiving plate provided between the outer peripheral wall of the liquid receiving tank and the inner peripheral surface of the tank body peripheral wall. 11. A liquid collecting tank provided inside the inner peripheral surface of the peripheral wall of the tank body and on the same horizontal plane as or above the liquid receiving tank, and the liquid collecting tank and the liquid receiving tank. 10. The distillation column bottom heating device according to claim 9, further comprising a communication means for communicating the following. 12. The distillation tower heating apparatus according to claim 11, wherein the communication means is a communication pipe, a communication gutter or a communication plate. 13. The liquid transfer means is a pump in which a suction pipe and a discharge pipe are opened toward a bottom part or a lower part of a tank body and a liquid receiving tank or liquid receiving means, respectively.
12. The apparatus for heating and discharging the bottom of a distillation column according to any one of claims 11 to 11. 14. The liquid transfer means having a length from the bottom to the lower part of the tank body to a position below the liquid receiving tank, and a liquid sending means rotated with a stirring shaft.
13. The distillation column bottom heating device according to 1 or 12. 15. The distillation bottom heating apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the liquid transfer means is a vertical axis pump. 16. The longitudinal axis pump has a mantle tube and a spiral body, a plastic body, or an impeller housed in the mantle tube, and an upper cavity portion in the mantle tube serves as a liquid receiving tank. Distillation tower bottom heating device. 17. The apparatus for heating the bottom of a distillation column according to claim 15, wherein the vertical axis pump as the liquid transfer means is driven by a stirring shaft. 18. A lower opening of a liquid sent in a tank body of the distillation tower bottom heating device using the distillation column bottom heating device according to any one of claims 1 to 15, and an inside of the liquid sending liquid. , And the liquid is sent out from the upper opening of the liquid sending liquid, thereby heating the bottom of the distillation column. 19. A liquid that has fallen from above the liquid receiving tank in the distillation column and / or a liquid withdrawn from the bottom of the distillation column is directly received and stored in the liquid receiving tank.
A method for heating the bottom of a distillation column, wherein the liquid is sequentially passed through a lower opening of the liquid sending and an inside of the liquid sending and is ejected from an upper opening of the liquid sending.