JP2000249500A - Flying object - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [PROBLEMS] In a flying object that controls a flight route by driving a steering wing, a hinge applied to a steering device depending on flight conditions due to an influence of a wake of a body or a wake of a front wing. In some cases, the moment becomes excessively large, and a blade surface shape that reduces the momentum generally has a problem that air resistance increases. SOLUTION: In the above flying vehicle, the wing surface of the steering wing is divided into a front part and a rear part in the machine axis direction, and a wing surface front end portion largely affected by the wake of the body is separated from the rear wing surface to thereby control the steering. The hinge moment applied to the steering device is reduced without increasing the magnitude of the air resistance when the corner is not taken.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a flying object whose movement is controlled by steering wings.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a state of a turning movement of a flying object which controls the flight route by flying in the air and steering a wing surface. FIG. 4A is a side view, and in FIG.
Indicates the body of the flying object, 2 indicates the wing surface, and 3 indicates the direction of airflow with respect to the flying object. FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view of the steering wing portion. Reference numeral 4 denotes a rotating shaft on which the wing surface is attached to the flying object, and the wing surface takes a steering angle around this axis. Reference numeral 5 denotes a steering device.
And the blade surface 2 is rotationally driven in a direction such as 6. FIG. 4C is an external view showing an example of the turning motion of the flying object. When this flying object intends to make a head-up turn in the pitch direction with respect to the current airflow direction 3, by cutting the control surface of the side wing surface 2 in the direction of 7 to have an angle to the airflow, A vertical force in the direction of 8 is generated on the wing surface 2. This vertical force acts as a moment about the pitch axis of the flying object, causing the aircraft to rotate in the direction of 9, and as a result, the aircraft obtains a head-up acceleration in the pitch direction.

[0003]

As described above, when the wing surface 2 receives the airflow 3 and generates the vertical force 8, the aerodynamic force acting on the control surface is locally different, so that the rotation of the wing surface 2 is reduced. A rotating torque called a hinge moment acts around the shaft 4. This hinge moment changes depending on the flight conditions such as the wing surface shape, the flying speed, the aircraft angle of attack, and the steering angle. Generally, the longer the blade surface length in the machine axis direction, that is, the longer the cord length, the larger the amount of change in the hinge moment.

[0004] Further, since a large turning acceleration can be obtained by lengthening the arm of the pitching moment generated by the fuselage, there are many fuselages having the wing surface 2 provided behind the fuselage. However, when the flying object takes an angle of attack, as shown in FIG. 5, the lower surface portion 11 of the front end of the wing surface becomes negative pressure due to the influence of the wake 10 of the body, and the vertical force generated at this portion is locally reduced. Become smaller. Therefore, the center of the wind pressure on the wing surface apparently moves rearward. Further, when the front wing 12 is provided, there is a case where an excessive hinge moment is generated on the rotating shaft 4 due to the interference of the wake 13.

As described above, the influence of the wake of the body or the wake of the front wing may cause an excessively large hinge moment about the rotation axis of the steering wing. When a large hinge moment is generated around the rotation axis of the blade surface, the torque applied to the steering device becomes excessive. In addition, the torque required to drive the wing surface against the excessive torque is further increased, and there is a problem that a large-sized steering device is required.

In order to reduce the hinge moment, it is conceivable to shorten the cord length of the wing surface. However, in order to generate a required vertical force on such a wing surface, it is necessary to reduce the length of the cord as shown in FIG. It is necessary to have a wing surface with a long wing span and a small swept angle of the leading edge of the wing. As a result, there is a problem that the diameter of the body becomes large and the body has a large air resistance.

Another method is to eliminate the leading edge of the wing surface where the vertical force is locally reduced due to the influence of the wake of the body, as shown by the wing surface 15 in FIG. It is conceivable that there is a problem that the air resistance increases due to the leading edge of the wing surface.

The present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and has a steering wing capable of reducing a hinge moment applied to a steering device, suppressing air resistance, and generating a required vertical force. It is intended to provide flying objects.

[0009]

The flying object according to the first invention divides the wing surface of the steering wing into a front wing surface and a rear wing surface in the machine axis direction of the flying object. The fixed wing does not take a steering angle, and the aircraft is controlled by taking a steering angle only on the rear wing surface.

In the flying object according to the second aspect of the present invention, both the front wing surface and the rear wing surface of the steering wing are movable wings, and the rotation axes of the respective wing surfaces are connected by a connecting mechanism, and the rear wing is connected. The two wing surfaces are simultaneously steered by rotating the rotation axis of the surface by a steering device.

In the flying object according to the third invention, the front wing surface and the rear wing surface of the steering wing each have a steering device, and each of them is independently steered.

[0012]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiment 1 1A and 1B show a first embodiment of the present invention, in which FIG. 1A is a side view of a flying object, FIG. 1B is a sectional view of a steering wing portion of the flying object body, and FIG. () Is an external view showing an example of the turning motion of the flying object. The wing surface in this embodiment is divided into a front wing surface 16 and a rear wing surface 17 in the fuselage axial direction, and the front wing surface 16 is a flying body 1 as shown in FIG. The rear wing surface 17 is fixed at 19
Are movable wings that are steered by the steering device 18 around the rotation axis.

At the time of the initial mid-term guidance in which the flying object is far from the target, it is not necessary to increase the steering angle of the wing surface.
Since the front edge of the rear wing surface 17 has a sweepback angle of 0 °, the air resistance of this portion is large when exposed to airflow by itself, but this portion is hidden behind the front wing surface 16 when the steering angle is not taken. Therefore, the front wing surface 16 and the rear wing surface 17 are the same as the conventional wing surface 2 in which the wing surface is not divided into the front and rear portions,
The air resistance is almost the same as the conventional airframe, and the speed at the time of terminal guidance can be secured.

When this flying object approaches the target and tries to make a sharp turn according to the movement of the target by terminal guidance, the rear wing surface 17 is rotated around the rotation axis 19 by the steering device 18 in the direction of 20. To take a steering angle to generate a vertical force 21. Although the wing area of the rear wing surface 17 is smaller than the wing area of the conventional wing surface 2, the portion that is reduced as compared with the conventional wing surface 2, that is, the portion of the front wing surface 16 originally exerts little normal force. The rear wing surface 17
The required turning performance can be obtained by slightly increasing the steering angle of the vehicle. Since the rear wing surface 17 has a short cord length and does not have a front end portion greatly affected by the wake of the body, the hinge moment can be significantly reduced.

Embodiment 2 FIG. 2 is a view showing Embodiment 2 of the present invention. FIG. 2 (a) is a sectional view of a steering wing portion of a flying object body, and FIG. 2 (b) shows an example of a turning motion of the flying object. FIG. The wing surface of the steering wing in this embodiment is two movable wings divided into a front wing surface 16 and a rear wing surface 17. Rotation axis 19 of rear wing surface 17
Is driven by the steering device 18. The rotating shafts 22 and 19 are connected by a connecting mechanism 23, and the rear steering device 18
Is driven, the front wing surface 16 is also rotationally driven.

In this flying object, it is not necessary to increase the steering angle of the wing surface during the initial mid-term guidance, and the front wing surface 16 and the rear wing surface 17 fly as wings having substantially the same shape as the conventional wing surface 2. You can secure speed at the time of terminal guidance.

When this flying object approaches the target and tries to make a sharp turn according to the movement of the target by terminal guidance, the rear wing surface 17 is rotated around the rotation axis 19 in the direction of 20 by the steering device 18. As a result, a vertical force 21 is generated. At this time, since the rotating shaft 22 is rotated together with the rotating shaft 19 by the coupling mechanism 23, the front wing surface 16 is rotated in the direction of 24, and takes a steering angle to generate a vertical force 25. As a result, the flying object can exhibit required turning performance and can reduce the hinge moment applied to the steering device. This flying object, compared to Example 1,
Since the front wing surface 16 also exerts a vertical force, there is an advantage that the steering angle of the rear wing surface 17 can be suppressed to a small value.

Embodiment 3 FIG. 3 shows a third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 (a) is a sectional view of a steering wing portion of a flying object body, and FIG. 3 (b) shows an example of a turning motion of the flying object. FIG. The steering wing in this embodiment is divided into two movable wings, a front wing surface 16 and a rear wing surface 17, similarly to the second embodiment.
It is individually connected to steering devices 26 and 18 via 2,19.

This flying object does not require a large steering angle of the wing surface during the initial mid-term guidance, and the front wing surface 16 and the rear wing surface 17 fly as wings having substantially the same shape as the conventional wing surface 2. You can secure speed at the time of terminal guidance.

At the time of terminal guidance, this flying object has its rear wing surface 17 turned around a rotation axis 19 by a steering device 18.
To take the steering angle to generate a vertical force 21.
In addition, the front wing surface 16 also rotates around the rotation axis 22 in the direction of 24 to take a steering angle and generates a vertical force in the direction of 25,
Although this flying object can gain turning acceleration, as described above, the front wing surface 16 is a part that cannot exert much vertical force from the beginning, so if the steering angle is set too high the air resistance will increase There is a possibility that the negative factor of the increase will be larger. Therefore, the front wing surface 16 is
By controlling separately from the rear wing surface 17 by 6,
In addition to the purpose of assisting the vertical force, it is possible to function as a fin for rectifying the flow from the body of the flying object or the front wing, thereby reducing the hinge moment applied to the steering device 18 on the rear wing surface 17.

[0021]

Since the present invention is configured as described above, the following effects can be obtained.

According to the first invention, in a flying object for controlling a flight route by driving a wing surface,
Since the hinge moment applied to the steering device on the wing surface can be reduced while ensuring the speed at the time of terminal guidance, the miniaturization of the steering device and improvement in flying performance can be expected.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, in a flying object for controlling a flight path by driving a wing surface, a hinge for a steering device for a wing surface while ensuring speed at the time of terminal guidance. The moment can be reduced, and the required turning performance can be obtained with a small rudder angle. For this reason, miniaturization of the steering device and improvement in flying performance can be expected.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, in a flying object that controls a flight route by driving a wing surface, a rear wing surface having a small hinge moment is secured while maintaining speed at the time of terminal guidance. In addition to realizing a flying object with
Further, since the flow applied to the rear wing surface can be controlled by adjusting the steering angle of the front wing surface, interference between the front wing and the body wake can be reduced, and the hinge moment can be further reduced. For this reason, miniaturization of the steering device and improvement in flying performance can be expected.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a view showing Embodiment 1 of a flying object according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a view showing a flying object according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a view showing a flying object according to a third embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a view showing a conventional flying object.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing aerodynamic force applied to a steering wing of a conventional flying object.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of a conventional flying object steering wing for the purpose of reducing a hinge moment.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 body, 2 wing surface, 3 airflow direction, 4 rotation axis, 5
Steering device, 6 rotation direction of rotation axis, 7 wing surface driving direction, 8 wing surface vertical force, 9 acceleration in pitch direction acting on the fuselage, 10 wake of body, 11 negative pressure part on lower surface of front end of wing surface, 12 front wing, 13 wing wake, 14 hinge moment reducing wing surface 1, 15 hinge moment reducing wing surface 2, 16 front wing surface, 17 rear wing surface, 18 steering device, 19 rotation axis, 20 rotation axis Rotation direction, 21 Vertical force acting on wing surface, 22 Rotation axis, 23 Coupling mechanism, 24
The direction of rotation of the rotating shaft, 25 vertical force acting on the wing surface, 26 steering system.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A flying object which controls a flight route by driving a wing surface provided on an airframe,
A wing surface divided into a front part and a rear part in the aircraft axis direction, and a rotation axis for attaching the rear wing surface to the aircraft body and taking a steering angle of the wing surface around this axis, A flying object comprising: a steering device for rotating the rotation shaft. 2. A flying object for controlling a flight route by driving a wing surface provided on an airframe,
A wing surface divided into a front part and a rear part in the aircraft axis direction, and the front wing surface and the rear wing surface are attached to the aircraft body, respectively, and the steering angle of each wing surface around this axis A flying body, comprising: a rotating shaft for taking rotation, a steering device for rotatingly driving the rotating shaft of the rear wing surface, and a connecting mechanism for connecting the two rotating shafts. 3. A flying object for controlling a flight route by driving a wing surface provided on an airframe,
A wing surface divided into a front part and a rear part in the aircraft axis direction, and the front wing surface and the rear wing surface are attached to the aircraft body, respectively, and the steering angle of each wing surface around this axis 1. A flying object comprising: a rotating shaft for taking off the rotation; and two steering devices for individually rotating the two rotating shafts.