JP2000197340A - Magnetic coupling, and high-speed vertical-axis rotary body - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a coupling of completely noncontact type without using any viscous fluid having the function as a torque converter so as to transmit the power when the speed reaches a specified value. SOLUTION: A ring 17 formed of a conductive material is provided on a primary shaft 10, a cylindrical yoke 18 is fitted to a secondary shaft 13, a plurality of permanent magnets 19, 19, etc., are fixed to a fitting part on the outer circumference of the yoke, the yoke 18 is fitted in the ring so that the magnets 19, 19, etc., are rotatable with a small clearance 21 from an inner circumferential surface 22 of the ring, and when one shaft is rotated, the eddy current resistance is generated in the ring 17 to generate the torque to rotate the other shaft.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a magnetic coupling for connecting a primary shaft and a secondary shaft, and a high-speed vertical rotating body for rotating a generator using the coupling.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A coupling is a kind of joint for connecting both shafts. As a connecting means of the coupling, there are cases where the connection is made mechanically and a method for transmitting torque via a viscous fluid. There is something like a torque converter. In the case of direct mechanical connection, no waste of torque transmission occurs, but the load acting on the secondary shaft acts directly on the primary shaft, causing various troubles.

On the other hand, in the case of a coupling containing a viscous fluid, the shock of the transmission torque can be reduced, but the transmission torque cannot be transmitted 100% due to the occurrence of slippage. That is, the transmission energy is lost. In the case of a conventional coupling, not only in the case of a mechanical direct connection structure, but also in the case of a torque converter type coupling using a viscous fluid, the fluid is deteriorated by the heat generated by stirring and repaired. Inspection is required.

[0004] The applicant has filed a patent application on November 27, 1997 for a device provided with a generator on an outdoor installation that rotates using wind power. Today, reduction of CO ₂ has become an international problem that must be realized in order to prevent global warming. For this reason, power generation using solar energy, wind power generation, and the like have been widely used. The power generating device is a windmill that also functions as a kind of monument, and uses a speed-increasing gear because the generator has to rotate at a high speed with the rotation speed of the monument being suppressed to a certain degree. The main shaft of the generator is connected to the speed increaser via a coupling.

[0005]

As described above, the conventional coupling has the above-mentioned problems. The problem to be solved by the present invention is these problems. Further, the present invention provides a completely non-contact type coupling that does not use a viscous fluid, and a maintenance-free coupling that also functions as a torque converter.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The coupling of the present invention uses magnetism, and utilizes eddy current resistance generated by a permanent magnet moving magnetic lines of force generated in a conductive material. That is, as shown in FIG. 1, the principle of the rod magnet is set close to the disk (a) made of conductive material.
When (b) is placed and the rod rotates around the middle point of the bar magnet (b), an induced current (eddy current) is generated in the disk (b),
At the same time, a demagnetizing field is formed. Therefore, by rotating the bar magnet (b), the disk (b) can also follow the eddy current resistance. In this case, when the rotation speed of the bar magnet (b) is low, the generated eddy current resistance is small and torque transmission is not performed.
(B) starts to rotate.

[0007]

As described above, the coupling of the present invention comprises a combination of a permanent magnet and a conductive material. For example, the primary shaft has a plurality of permanent magnets arranged and fixed in a tubular shape, and the secondary shaft has a bearing cylinder in which the arranged permanent magnets can be fitted. An eddy current resistance is generated in the secondary cylinder by the movement of each permanent magnet of the primary shaft, and a torque for rotating the secondary cylinder is generated. Here, it is free to dispose the arrangement, provide a bearing cylinder on the primary shaft, and arrange and fix the permanent magnets on the secondary shaft. By rotating the bearing cylinder, eddy currents generated in the cylinder are possible. The resistance causes a torque to rotate the permanent magnet of the primary shaft. The primary shaft and the secondary shaft are supported with a small gap so that the permanent magnet does not contact the bearing cylinder. Hereinafter, embodiments according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

[0008]

FIG. 2 is an embodiment showing a monument provided with a generator, which is one specific example of the high-speed rotator of the present invention. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a monument wind turbine, 2 denotes a stand, 3 denotes a rotating shaft, and 4 denotes a generator. The monument wind turbine 1 can rotate around the shaft 3. The monument wind turbine 1 is made of aluminum alloy to reduce its weight, is supported by a rotating shaft 3 provided at the center, and stands vertically on the table 2. If the wind hits the monument windmill 1, the windmill 1 rotates about the rotating shaft 3, and this rotation turns the generator 4 housed in the table 2.

Incidentally, the monument wind turbine 1 of the present invention is not particularly limited in its shape, but has such a shape that the wind receiving efficiency is high. Generally, the basic shape of the propeller of a wind generator is applied, and Savonius type, Darius type,
The shape is based on a paddle type or the like. The monument wind turbine 1 starts rotating when the wind speed reaches 3 m / s, and the generator is controlled to rotate when the wind speed reaches 5 m / s. Of course, it is free to rotate the monument windmill 1 and the generator 4 irrespective of the wind speed.

The monument wind turbine 1 is made of an aluminum alloy and is light in weight.
Is adopted. A rotating body is attached to the rotating shaft 3, a rotating section permanent magnet is provided on the lower end surface of the rotating body, and a fixed section permanent magnet is arranged on one of the stands 2. The rotating part permanent magnet and the fixed part permanent magnet are arranged to face each other in the vertical direction, and have a structure in which the rotating body can be levitated by the repulsive force of both permanent magnets. (For details of this magnet thrust bearing device, see Japanese Patent Application No. 9-944332)

Incidentally, the monument wind turbine 1 starts rotating slowly at a wind speed of 3 m / s, and a wind speed of 5 m / s to 5 m / s.
When reaching 6 m / s, the generator 4 is turned. The generator 4 can also be rotated at the same time as the monument wind turbine 1, which is rather simple. However, when the rotational speed of the monument wind turbine 1 reaches a certain level and the inertia energy increases, it is connected to the generator 4. I am trying to do it. The generator 4 has a rotation speed of 1000 rpm or more.
Since the power cannot be efficiently generated unless the rotation speed is 2000 rpm, a large inertia torque and energy are required to rotate the generator 4 at high speed, and the rotation speed of the monument wind turbine 1 around which the generator 4 rotates is determined. Have been.

Therefore, since the generator 4 cannot generate power if the rotating shaft 3 of the monument wind turbine 1 is directly connected to the generator 4, a speed-increasing gear is provided between them. The gearbox shown in FIG. 1 has a large gear 6 attached to the rotating shaft 3, a small gear 7 provided on the main shaft of the generator, and a timing belt 8 wound between the two gears 6, 7. . There are various other types of gearboxes, and there is no particular limitation.

The small gear 7 can rotate the generator 4 at high speed, but a coupling is interposed between the small gear 7 and the generator 4 is turned when the rotation speed of the small gear 7 becomes higher than a certain value. Works like that. This speed is about 5m in wind speed
/ S has been reached. A three-phase AC generator is used as the generator 4, and the generated electricity can be used for each purpose. If electricity is not required, it can be converted to direct current via a control panel and stored in a battery.

The magnetic coupling 9 of the present invention is mounted between the generator 4 and the small gear 7 of the gearbox, and has a low rotating speed of the rotating shaft 3 and is sufficient to generate power even if the speed is increased by the gearbox. While the rotation speed has not been reached, the magnetic coupling 9 is idle. Accordingly, since no load is applied to the monument wind turbine 1, only the monument wind turbine 1 can rotate even if the wind is weak. When the wind turbine reaches about 5 m / s, that is, when the monument wind turbine 1 rotates and the rotational energy necessary for turning the generator 4 is accumulated, the speed increaser serving as the primary shaft of the magnetic coupling 9 is used. The rotation can turn the secondary generator shaft.

FIG. 3 shows an embodiment of this magnetic coupling. The small gear shaft 10 of the gearbox is supported by a bearing 12 of a case 11, and one generator shaft 13 is also properly supported by the bearing 12. A disk-shaped bearing case 14 is attached to the end of the small gear shaft.
A shaft end of the generator is supported on the bearing 4 by a bearing 15, while a copper alloy ring 17 is attached to a lower outer periphery of the disk portion 16 of the bearing case 14.

On the other hand, a cylindrical iron yoke 18 is mounted on the generator shaft 13, and a mounting portion 20 is formed on a side surface of the iron yoke 18, and a permanent magnet 19,
19 ... are fixed. The side surface of the iron yoke 18 is a polygonal cylinder composed of a plurality of attachment portions 20, 20,.
The individual permanent magnets 19 are fixed to the mounting portions 20, 20 with a slight gap therebetween. FIG. 4 shows a cross section taken along the line AA of FIG. 3, and thus the permanent magnets 19 are fixedly arranged.

The permanent magnets 19 fixed to the attachment portions 20 have a slight gap 21 with the inner peripheral surface 22 of the copper alloy ring 17 and can rotate without contacting each other. I can do it. Here, the ring is not limited to a copper alloy, but may be a conductive material. If relative movement occurs between the ring and the permanent magnet 19, an eddy current is generated in the copper alloy ring 17 to rotate the other. The torque that causes it occurs.

The copper alloy ring 17 is provided on the side of the small gear shaft 19 of the speed increasing gear, and when the small gear 10 rotates, the copper alloy ring 1
7 is rotated around the permanent magnets 19, 19,.
.. Rotate with the copper alloy ring 17.
Also, when the moving speed of the copper alloy ring 17 is low, that is, while the rotation speed of the small gear shaft 10 of the gear box is low, the eddy current resistance is small and the permanent magnets 19, 19 do not rotate. When it reaches, the rotation starts and the generator 4 starts to rotate.

In the embodiment, the copper alloy ring 17 is connected to the small gear shaft 1.
The permanent magnets 19, 19,... Are provided on the generator shaft side, but they are the same even if they are arranged in reverse. As described above, the magnetic coupling of the present invention has permanent magnets arranged along the inner peripheral surface of a ring made of a conductive material, and is connected to the primary shaft and the secondary shaft, respectively. The high-speed vertical rotating body is provided with this magnetic coupling, and the following effects can be obtained.

[0020]

The high-speed vertical rotator of the present invention is, for example, a monument or a signboard that can be rotated by utilizing wind power, and since this rotator has a magnet thrust bearing device, the friction of the bearing is increased. The resistance is very low and can therefore rotate even in weak winds. The generator can be turned by using this rotating body, but a magnetic coupling is interposed so that the generator operates when the rotating speed of the rotating body exceeds a certain level. .

The magnetic coupling utilizes an eddy current resistance generated when a permanent magnet moves along a conductive material. For example, a copper alloy ring is provided on a primary shaft, and a secondary shaft is made of iron. If the yoke is mounted and a plurality of permanent magnets are arranged and fixed on the side surface, the rotation of the primary side is transmitted to the secondary side shaft, and when the rotation speed of the primary side shaft becomes more than a certain level, the secondary side shaft Begins to turn. Since a slight gap is formed between the ring and the permanent magnet, that is, there is no contact, so that a maintenance-free coupling is obtained.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 shows an eddy current generated when a bar magnet is rotated along a disk surface.

FIG. 2 is an embodiment of the present invention, a monument provided with a generator.

FIG. 3 shows a specific example of the magnetic coupling of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 2;

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Monument windmill 2 units 3 Rotating shaft 4 Generator 5 Magnet thrust bearing device 6 Large gear 7 Small gear 8 Timing belt 9 Magnetic coupling 10 Small gear shaft 11 Case 12 Bearing 13 Generator shaft 14 Bearing case 15 Bearing 16 Disk part 17 Copper Alloy ring 18 Iron yoke 19 Permanent magnet 20 Attachment 21 Gap 22 Inner surface

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A ring made of a conductive material such as a copper alloy is provided on a primary shaft, a cylindrical yoke is mounted on a secondary shaft, and a plurality of permanent magnets are mounted on an outer peripheral portion of the yoke. And a yoke is fitted in the ring so that the magnets can rotate relative to each other while leaving a slight gap between the ring and the inner peripheral surface of the ring. A magnetic coupling, which generates torque to rotate the other shaft. 2. A ring made of a conductive material such as a copper alloy is provided on the primary shaft, and a cylindrical yoke is mounted on the secondary shaft. The magnets are arranged and fixed, and a ring is fitted in the magnet of the yoke so that each magnet can rotate with each other leaving a slight gap between the ring and the outer periphery of the ring. A magnetic coupling, which generates eddy current resistance and generates torque for rotating the other shaft. 3. A high-speed vertical rotating body capable of rotating by receiving wind force at a monument, a signboard, or the like, wherein the rotating body is attached to a rotating shaft so as to rotate vertically, and has a rotating shaft. A gearbox is connected, the generator is rotated by the gearbox, and a coupling is interposed so that the generator rotates when the rotation speed of the gearbox reaches a certain level or more. A ring made of a conductive material such as a copper alloy is provided on one of the shafts of the speed changer or the generator, and a cylindrical yoke is attached to the other shaft, and a plurality of rings are attached to an attachment portion on the outer periphery of the yoke. A permanent magnet is fixed, and a yoke is fitted in the ring so that each magnet can rotate with each other leaving a slight gap between the ring and the inner peripheral surface of the ring. Turns the generator shaft by generating eddy current resistance High-speed vertical axis rotating body. 4. A high-speed vertical rotator capable of rotating by receiving a wind force at a monument, a signboard, or the like, wherein the rotator is attached to a rotary shaft so as to rotate vertically.
A gearbox is connected to the rotating shaft, and the generator is rotated by the gearbox. A coupling is provided so that the generator rotates when the rotation speed of the gearbox reaches a certain level or more. A ring made of a conductive material such as a copper alloy is provided on one of the shafts of the speed increaser and the generator, and a yoke having a cylindrical shape is attached to the other shaft, and the inner periphery of the yoke is provided. A plurality of permanent magnets are fixed to the attachment portion, and a ring is fitted in the magnet of the yoke so that each magnet can rotate with a slight gap left between the ring and the outer peripheral surface of the yoke. A high-speed vertical rotating body characterized in that an eddy current resistance is generated in a ring by rotating to rotate a generator shaft.