JP2000160321A - Formation of iron - aluminum compound layer on surface of steel material - Google Patents
Formation of iron - aluminum compound layer on surface of steel materialInfo
- Publication number
- JP2000160321A JP2000160321A JP34787898A JP34787898A JP2000160321A JP 2000160321 A JP2000160321 A JP 2000160321A JP 34787898 A JP34787898 A JP 34787898A JP 34787898 A JP34787898 A JP 34787898A JP 2000160321 A JP2000160321 A JP 2000160321A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- compound layer
- layer
- aluminum
- diffusion
- steel material
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 title description 3
- -1 iron - aluminum compound Chemical class 0.000 title 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 32
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 27
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 8
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910018084 Al-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910018192 Al—Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910021364 Al-Si alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001128 Sn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007751 thermal spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】この発明は、フレッティング
摩耗を防止することを目的とした鉄鋼材料上へのＦｅ−
Ａｌ化合物の被覆技術に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for preventing fretting wear on iron and steel materials.
The present invention relates to a coating technique of an Al compound.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】密着嵌合的に接触しあう２つの部材、例
えば工作機械の主軸の工具脱着部におけるテーパスリー
ブと工具ホルダとの間に発生するフレッティング摩耗の
対策として、接触面の表層部にＦｅ−Ａｌ化合物を形成
することが有効である（本件出願と同一出願人による特
許出願に係る公開公報、特開平９−２２８０２５号参
照）。このＦｅ−Ａｌ化合物は、Ａｌを鉄鋼材料からな
る基材上に被覆した後、加熱拡散処理を施すことにより
形成される。2. Description of the Related Art As a countermeasure against fretting wear generated between a tool holder and a taper sleeve at a tool attachment / detachment portion of a main spindle of a machine tool, for example, two members that come into close contact with each other in contact with each other. It is effective to form an Fe-Al compound (see Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-228025, which is a patent application filed by the same applicant as the present application). This Fe-Al compound is formed by coating Al on a base material made of a steel material and then performing a heat diffusion treatment.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】Ｆｅ−Ａｌ化合物層を
形成するに先立ち、基材上にＡｌを被覆する一つの方法
として、該基材をＡｌ浴中に浸漬する方法がある。しか
し、浸漬法では厚い被覆層を形成することができないた
め、拡散処理により得られる化合物層の厚さはせいぜい
３０μｍ程度であった。このため、その後に行われる加
熱拡散工程において基材の歪みが発生すると、仕上げ加
工を行った際に処理面の一部において化合物層が完全に
除去されてしまうという問題があった。このため、仕上
げ加工後に十分に化合物層が残るように、拡散処理に先
立ち溶射により十分な厚さのＡｌ被覆層を形成すること
が検討されている。Prior to forming an Fe-Al compound layer, one method of coating Al on a substrate is to immerse the substrate in an Al bath. However, since a thick coating layer cannot be formed by the immersion method, the thickness of the compound layer obtained by the diffusion treatment is at most about 30 μm. For this reason, when distortion of the base material occurs in the subsequent heat diffusion step, there is a problem that the compound layer is completely removed from a part of the treated surface when the finishing is performed. For this reason, formation of an Al coating layer having a sufficient thickness by thermal spraying prior to the diffusion treatment has been studied so that a sufficient compound layer remains after finishing.
【０００４】しかし、Ａｌ被覆層の厚さが厚くなると、
拡散処理条件を定めることが困難となる。そして、適正
な条件で拡散処理が行われないと、化合物層の硬さが低
くなったり、化合物層に微細な空孔が発生して化合物層
が脆くなることがある。このような場合、フレッティン
グ摩耗の防止効果が低減してしまう。However, when the thickness of the Al coating layer is increased,
It becomes difficult to determine diffusion processing conditions. If the diffusion treatment is not performed under appropriate conditions, the hardness of the compound layer may be low, or fine holes may be generated in the compound layer to make the compound layer brittle. In such a case, the effect of preventing fretting wear is reduced.
【０００５】本発明は、上記実状に鑑みなされたもので
あり、均一に高い硬度を有するＦｅ−Ａｌ化合物層を厚
く形成する方法を提供することを目的とする。The present invention has been made in view of the above situation, and has as its object to provide a method for uniformly forming a thick Fe-Al compound layer having high hardness.
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】上述の課題を解決するた
め、本願発明者らは、Ｆｅ−Ａｌ化合物層の厚さが拡散
処理時間ｔの平方根に比例するという知見に基づいて
（日本金属学会誌第５２巻第１０号（１９９８）９９９
−１００５「溶射アルミニウム層とアームコ鉄および炭
素鋼材基材間の反応拡散による合金層の生成」参照）、
拡散処理時間ｔの平方根と被膜品質とに所定の関係が成
立するのではないかとの仮説を立てて鋭意研究を行った
結果、Ａｌ被覆の厚さｄと拡散処理時間ｔの平方根との
比率すなわち係数Ｋを所定範囲（Ｋ＝４０〜２００）と
することにより工業的に有益なＦｅ−Ａｌ化合物層が得
られることを見いだした。Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventors have made a study based on the finding that the thickness of the Fe-Al compound layer is proportional to the square root of the diffusion processing time t (JIM) Vol. 52, No. 10 (1998) 999
-1005 "Creation of alloy layer by reaction diffusion between sprayed aluminum layer and armco iron and carbon steel base material"),
As a result of intensive research on the hypothesis that a predetermined relationship may be established between the square root of the diffusion processing time t and the film quality, the ratio of the thickness d of the Al coating to the square root of the diffusion processing time t, that is, It has been found that an industrially useful Fe-Al compound layer can be obtained by setting the coefficient K in a predetermined range (K = 40 to 200).
【０００７】すなわち、本発明は、鉄鋼材料からなる基
材上にアルミニウムまたはアルミニウム合金を被覆した
後、前記アルミニウムまたはアルミニウム合金を前記基
材中に加熱拡散させてＦｅ−Ａｌ化合物層を形成する方
法において、ｄを前記アルミニウムまたはアルミニウム
合金の被膜の厚さ（μｍ）、ｔを拡散時間（ｈｒ）、Ｋ
を係数とした場合、下式（１）においてＫ＝４０〜２０
０となるように拡散時間を決定することを特徴とする。That is, the present invention provides a method of forming a Fe—Al compound layer by coating aluminum or an aluminum alloy on a substrate made of a steel material and then heating and diffusing the aluminum or aluminum alloy into the substrate. In the formula, d is the thickness of the aluminum or aluminum alloy film (μm), t is the diffusion time (hr), and K is
Is a coefficient, K = 40 to 20 in the following equation (1).
It is characterized in that the diffusion time is determined so as to be zero.
【０００８】[0008]
【数２】 なお、アルミニウム合金としてはＡｌ−Ｓｉ合金、Ａｌ
−Ｓｎ合金等を用いることができる。(Equation 2) In addition, Al-Si alloy, Al
A -Sn alloy or the like can be used.
【０００９】拡散処理は、好ましくはアルミニウムまた
はアルミニウム合金の融点より１０℃低い温度からアル
ミニウムの融点である６６０℃より６０℃高い温度であ
る７２０℃の範囲で実施される。アルミニウムまたはア
ルミニウム合金の融点より１０℃以上低い温度で拡散処
理を行ったのでは、アルミニウムが溶融しないのでＡｌ
とＦｅは固相拡散となり、拡散速度が著しく低下し、拡
散層を形成するのが困難である。一方、７２０℃以上で
拡散を行ったのでは、Ａｌ−Ｆｅ化合物中に微細な空孔
が多数発生し、被膜が非常に脆くなる。また、上記の処
理温度は、一般的な鋼材の調質温度より高いので、基材
の硬度が低下する。この意味から、処理温度の上限は、
７２０℃を最高値とし、融点が低くなるアルミニウム合
金においては、融点より６０℃以上高くしないようにす
ることが望ましい。[0009] The diffusion treatment is preferably carried out at a temperature of 10 ° C lower than the melting point of aluminum or aluminum alloy to 720 ° C which is 60 ° C higher than the melting point of aluminum, 660 ° C. If the diffusion treatment is performed at a temperature lower than the melting point of aluminum or aluminum alloy by 10 ° C. or more, aluminum does not melt,
And Fe become solid-phase diffusion, the diffusion speed is remarkably reduced, and it is difficult to form a diffusion layer. On the other hand, if the diffusion is performed at 720 ° C. or higher, many fine holes are generated in the Al—Fe compound, and the coating becomes very brittle. Moreover, since the above-mentioned processing temperature is higher than the tempering temperature of general steel materials, the hardness of the base material is reduced. In this sense, the upper limit of the processing temperature is
In the case of an aluminum alloy having a maximum value of 720 ° C. and a low melting point, it is desirable not to raise the melting point by 60 ° C. or more.
【００１０】処理温度は、アルミニウムまたはアルミニ
ウム合金の融点直上が最も好ましい。理由は、液相拡散
により迅速にＡｌ−Ｆｅ化合物が生成し、かつ基材の軟
化が最小限に抑えられるからである。しかしながら、融
点に対し−１０℃〜＋６０℃の範囲内では、Ｋ＝４０〜
２００を満足する拡散処理条件により拡散処理を行え
ば、温度にほとんど依存することなく、良好な品質の被
膜を得ることができる。The processing temperature is most preferably just above the melting point of aluminum or aluminum alloy. The reason is that the Al-Fe compound is quickly generated by the liquid phase diffusion, and the softening of the substrate is minimized. However, within the range of -10 ° C to + 60 ° C with respect to the melting point, K = 40 to
If the diffusion treatment is performed under the diffusion treatment conditions satisfying 200, a coating of good quality can be obtained almost independently of the temperature.
【００１１】[0011]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明によるフレッティン
グ防止構造の一実施形態について添付の図面を参照して
説明する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the fretting prevention structure according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
【００１２】まず、本発明による処理方法が適用される
工作機械の主軸の工具脱着部について図１および図２を
参照して説明する。図１はテーパスリーブ１を示し、図
２はテーパスリーブに嵌着される工具ホルダ２を示して
いる。テーパスリーブ１には、工具ホルダ２のシャンク
部３のテーパ面に対応したテーパ付孔部４が設けられて
おり、シャンク部３とテーパ付孔部４とは、装着時に
は、高精度のはめ合い精度で嵌合するようになってい
る。First, a tool attachment / detachment portion of a spindle of a machine tool to which the processing method according to the present invention is applied will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 shows a tapered sleeve 1, and FIG. 2 shows a tool holder 2 fitted on the tapered sleeve. The tapered sleeve 1 is provided with a tapered hole 4 corresponding to the tapered surface of the shank 3 of the tool holder 2, and the shank 3 and the tapered hole 4 are fitted with high precision when mounted. It fits with precision.
【００１３】シャンク部３およびテーパ付孔部４の両テ
ーパ面は静的な状態では密着嵌合しているが、主軸を回
転させて加工を行うと、振動や切削抵抗の変動により両
テーパ面間に相対運動が起こる。この相対運動は、フレ
ッティングの原因となる。The tapered surfaces of the shank portion 3 and the tapered hole portion 4 are tightly fitted in a static state. However, when the main shaft is rotated and machined, the two tapered surfaces are vibrated and the cutting resistance fluctuates. Relative motion occurs between them. This relative movement causes fretting.
【００１４】フレッティングを防止するため、工具ホル
ダ２のテーパ付孔部４の内周面と、シャンク部３のテー
パ面とに、本発明の方法によりＦｅ−Ａｌ化合物層５が
形成される。In order to prevent fretting, the Fe-Al compound layer 5 is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the tapered hole portion 4 of the tool holder 2 and the tapered surface of the shank portion 3 by the method of the present invention.
【００１５】Ｆｅ−Ａｌ化合物層５は、工具ホルダ２の
テーパ付孔部４の内周面と、シャンク部３のテーパ面に
まずＡｌを溶射し、その後Ａｌの融点である６６０℃に
おいて本発明により定められる条件にて加熱拡散処理を
行うことにより形成される。そして、Ｆｅ−Ａｌ化合物
層５の形成後、研削加工により前記内周面およびテーパ
面が所定の寸法に仕上げられる。The Fe—Al compound layer 5 is formed by first spraying Al on the inner peripheral surface of the tapered hole portion 4 of the tool holder 2 and the tapered surface of the shank portion 3, and then at 660 ° C. which is the melting point of Al, according to the present invention. It is formed by performing a heat diffusion process under the conditions defined by After the formation of the Fe—Al compound layer 5, the inner peripheral surface and the tapered surface are finished to predetermined dimensions by grinding.
【００１６】[0016]
【実施例】次に、下記の実施例により、本発明を更に詳
細に説明する。Next, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the following examples.
【００１７】まず、ＪＩＳ ＳＫＤ６１からなる基材上
に、純Ａｌを厚さｄ（μｍ）だけ溶射し、その後真空中
で６６０℃で時間ｔ（hr）だけ加熱した。そしてｄとｔ
の値の組合せを変えて複数種のテストピースを得た。First, pure Al was sprayed on a substrate made of JIS SKD61 by a thickness d (μm), and then heated at 660 ° C. for a time t (hr) in a vacuum. And d and t
Various kinds of test pieces were obtained by changing the combination of the values.
【００１８】各テストピースの断面硬度分布をマイクロ
ビッカース試験機により測定した結果を図３（ａ）
（ｂ）に示す。図３（ａ）は、純Ａｌの溶射厚さｄが４
００μｍ（０．４ｍｍ）、そして図３（ｂ）は純Ａｌの
溶射厚さｄが１００μｍ（０．１ｍｍ）の場合の結果を
ぞれぞれ示している。FIG. 3 (a) shows the result of measuring the cross-sectional hardness distribution of each test piece using a micro Vickers tester.
(B). FIG. 3A shows that the sprayed thickness d of pure Al is 4
FIG. 3B shows the results when the sprayed thickness d of pure Al is 100 μm (0.1 mm).
【００１９】図３（ａ）（ｂ）よりわかるように、少な
くともＫが２００より大きい場合、Ｆｅ−Ａｌ化合物層
は、基材の近傍部分しか十分な硬さが得られていない。
また、硬さ自体も低い（この傾向は図３（ｂ）において
顕著である）。As can be seen from FIGS. 3A and 3B, when at least K is larger than 200, the Fe—Al compound layer has a sufficient hardness only in the vicinity of the base material.
Further, the hardness itself is low (this tendency is remarkable in FIG. 3B).
【００２０】また、Ｋが４０より小さい場合でも硬さの
低下はないが、Ｆｅ−Ａｌ化合物層に微細な空孔が発生
する（図４の断面組織写真参照）。Further, even when K is smaller than 40, the hardness does not decrease, but fine voids are generated in the Fe-Al compound layer (see the cross-sectional structure photograph in FIG. 4).
【００２１】なお、上記実施例においては、加熱拡散処
理温度が６６０℃の場合について説明しているが、本願
発明者らの試験によれば、加熱拡散処理温度を７００℃
としたほかは上記と同じ条件で実施した場合にも、Ｋの
値とＦｅ−Ａｌ化合物層の状態との関係は上記６６０℃
の場合とほぼ同様であった。In the above embodiment, the case where the temperature of the heat diffusion treatment is 660 ° C. is described.
Also, when the same conditions were used as described above, the relationship between the value of K and the state of the Fe—Al compound layer was 660 ° C.
It was almost the same as
【００２２】次に、テーパスリーブの内周面と工具ホル
ダのテーパ面に、厚さ０．４ｍｍだけＡｌを溶射した
後、拡散処理を行ってＦｅ−Ａｌ化合物層を形成した
後、Ｆｅ−Ａｌ化合物層を表面から１５０μｍ研削し所
定寸法のテーパスリーブおよび工具ホルダを得た。拡散
処理条件としてＫ＝２３１と１６３の２種類を作成し
た。Next, after spraying Al to a thickness of 0.4 mm on the inner peripheral surface of the tapered sleeve and the tapered surface of the tool holder, a diffusion process is performed to form an Fe-Al compound layer. The compound layer was ground from the surface by 150 μm to obtain a taper sleeve and a tool holder having a predetermined size. Two types of diffusion processing conditions, K = 231 and 163, were created.
【００２３】そして、これらテーパスリーブと工具ホル
ダを工作機械の主軸部に装着して、実際にワークを加工
してフレッティング試験を行なった。両者の優劣は摩耗
量により評価した。Ｋが本発明の範囲外であるＫ＝２３
１の場合の摩耗量は、本発明の範囲内であるＫ＝１６３
の場合の摩耗量に比べて２０％程度大であった。The tapered sleeve and the tool holder were mounted on the main shaft of a machine tool, and the work was actually processed to perform a fretting test. The superiority of both was evaluated by the amount of wear. K = 23 where K is outside the scope of the invention
The wear amount in the case of 1 is within the range of the present invention, K = 163.
Was about 20% larger than the amount of wear in the case of.
【００２４】[0024]
【発明の効果】以上説明したように本発明によれば、鉄
鋼材料の表層に均一に高い硬度を有するＦｅ−Ａｌ化合
物層を形成することができる。As described above, according to the present invention, a Fe-Al compound layer having a high hardness can be formed uniformly on the surface layer of a steel material.
【図１】本発明によるＦｅ−Ａｌ化合物層が設けられた
テーパスリーブを示す断面図。FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a tapered sleeve provided with an Fe—Al compound layer according to the present invention.
【図２】本発明によるＦｅ−Ａｌ化合物層が設けられた
工具ホルダを示す断面図。FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a tool holder provided with an Fe—Al compound layer according to the present invention.
【図３】本発明の実施例と比較例におけるＦｅ−Ａｌ化
合物層の硬さ分布を示すグラフ。FIG. 3 is a graph showing hardness distributions of Fe—Al compound layers in Examples of the present invention and Comparative Examples.
【図４】本発明の比較例におけるＫ＝３２のときのＦｅ
−Ａｌ化合物の金属組織を示す写真である。FIG. 4 is a graph showing Fe in the comparative example of the present invention when K = 32.
It is a photograph which shows the metal structure of -Al compound.
【図５】本発明の実施例と比較例におけるＦｅ−Ａｌ化
合物層のフレッティング摩耗テストの結果を示すグラ
フ。FIG. 5 is a graph showing the results of a fretting wear test of an Fe—Al compound layer in Examples of the present invention and Comparative Examples.
Claims (1)
たはアルミニウム合金を被覆した後、前記アルミニウム
またはアルミニウム合金を前記基材中に加熱拡散させて
Ｆｅ−Ａｌ化合物層を形成する方法であって、 ｄを前記アルミニウムまたはアルミニウム合金の被膜の
厚さ（μｍ）、ｔを拡散時間（ｈｒ）、Ｋを係数とした
場合、下式（１）においてＫ＝４０〜２００となるよう
に拡散時間を決定することを特徴とする、Ｆｅ−Ａｌ化
合物層を形成する方法。 【数１】 1. A method of forming a Fe—Al compound layer by coating a substrate made of a steel material with aluminum or an aluminum alloy and then heating and diffusing the aluminum or aluminum alloy into the substrate. When d is the thickness of the aluminum or aluminum alloy film (μm), t is the diffusion time (hr), and K is a coefficient, the diffusion time is determined so that K = 40 to 200 in the following equation (1). Forming a Fe—Al compound layer. (Equation 1)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP34787898A JP2000160321A (en) | 1998-11-20 | 1998-11-20 | Formation of iron - aluminum compound layer on surface of steel material |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP34787898A JP2000160321A (en) | 1998-11-20 | 1998-11-20 | Formation of iron - aluminum compound layer on surface of steel material |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2000160321A true JP2000160321A (en) | 2000-06-13 |
Family
ID=18393216
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP34787898A Pending JP2000160321A (en) | 1998-11-20 | 1998-11-20 | Formation of iron - aluminum compound layer on surface of steel material |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2000160321A (en) |
-
1998
- 1998-11-20 JP JP34787898A patent/JP2000160321A/en active Pending
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