JP2000029334A - Heater, heating device, and image forming apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To stably maintain good slidability between a heater and a film for a long period of time for a backside heating heater used for a film heating system or a heating device using the heater. Therefore, it is possible to prevent poor sliding movement of the film due to an increase in sliding resistance and paper jam of the material to be heated. The present invention has a substrate and a heat-generating resistor layer formed on one side of the substrate, the film being pressed against a surface of the substrate opposite to the surface on which the current-generating resistor layer is formed. A heater 601a for heating the material to be heated via the film, and a sliding member 1 for improving the slidability with the film is provided on the sliding surface side of the substrate 11a in the film pressure contact.
1h is provided.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to a heater, a heating device, and an image forming apparatus.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in an image forming apparatus such as a printer, a copying machine, and a facsimile, a recording material (transfer material, photosensitive paper,
As a heating device (heat fixing device) for thermally fixing an unfixed image formed and carried on a transfer (indirect) method or direct method on electrostatic recording paper, printing paper, etc. Contact heating type devices having good properties are widely known.

[0003] In recent years, in recent years, from the viewpoint of promoting energy saving, a method of heating a material to be heated through a film having a small heat capacity has been adopted as a method (on-demand) having a high heat transfer efficiency and a fast start-up of the apparatus. Apparatus (JP-A-63-313182, JP-A-2-15787)
8, 4-44075-44083, 4-20498-
No. 2,049,844) has been attracting attention and has been put to practical use.

This film heating type heating device has a heater (heater) and a film (heat transfer member) in which one surface slides with the heater and the other surface comes in contact with the material to be heated and moves together. And having a basic structure of heating a material to be heated by heat from a heater via the film, and a surface of a recording material on which an unfixed image is formed and carried in an image forming apparatus. The image can be used as a heat fixing device for thermally fixing the image as a permanent fixed image.

[0005] In comparison with other contact heating type heating devices such as a heat roller type heating device, such a film heating type heating device has a low heat capacity and a thin film thickness as a heat transfer member. Since the temperature of the heating unit rises to a predetermined value in a short time, it is not necessary to carry out energization heating (preheating) to the heater at the time of standby. A book such as an image forming apparatus, which can sufficiently raise the temperature of the heating body to a predetermined temperature before the heating material reaches the heating section, thereby saving power and shortening the wait time (quick start property). There is an advantage that the temperature rise in the machine can be reduced.

FIG. 6A is a schematic configuration diagram of a main part of a film heating type heating device (heating fixing device).

That is, a heater 11 fixedly supported by a stay holder (holding member) 12 and a heat-resistant thin film (hereinafter, referred to as a fixing film) 1
An elastic pressure roller 20 is formed by forming a heating nip portion (fixing nip portion) N having a predetermined nip width with the pressure roller 3 interposed therebetween.

The heater 11 is heated and adjusted to a predetermined temperature by energization.

The fixing film 13 is a cylindrical member, an endless belt member, or a rolled endless web member.
Of the heater 1 in the fixing nip N
The sheet is conveyed and moved in the direction of arrow a while closely contacting and sliding on one surface.

The heater 11 is heated and controlled to a predetermined temperature, and the fixing film 13 is conveyed and moved in the direction of arrow a. When a recording material P on which an unfixed toner image t as a material to be heated is formed and supported is introduced, the recording material P
Is in close contact with the surface of the fixing film 13 and
Together with the fixing nip N.

In the fixing nip N, the recording material P
The toner image t is heated by the heater 11 via the fixing film 13 and the toner image t on the recording material P is heated and fixed.

The recording material passing through the fixing nip N is peeled off from the surface of the fixing film 13 and conveyed.

As the heater 11, a ceramic heater is generally used. FIG. 6B is a partially cutaway plan model view of the front side (heating surface side) of an example of the ceramic heater 11, and FIG. 6C is a plan view model view of the back side (anti-heating side).

That is, for example, an electrical insulating property such as alumina
A heat-generating resistance layer 11b such as silver palladium (Ag / Pb) / Ta ₂ N is provided on the surface side (the surface facing the fixing film 13) of the ceramic substrate 11a having good heat conductivity and low heat capacity along the length of the substrate. Formed by screen printing etc.
Further, the surface on which the current-generating heating resistor layer is to be formed is thin-glass protective layer 11.
c. In the ceramic heater 11, when power is supplied from the power supply electrode portion 11 d, the power-generating resistance layer 11 b generates heat, and the entire heater rapidly rises in temperature.

The temperature rise of the heater 11 is detected by a temperature detecting means 14 disposed on the rear surface of the heater 11, and via a circuit pattern 11e, a through hole 11f, and an electrode 11g for output to a temperature controller, not shown. This is fed back to the energization control unit.

The power supply control section controls the power supply to the power supply heat generating resistance layer 11b so that the heater temperature detected by the temperature detecting means 14 is maintained at a predetermined substantially constant temperature (fixing temperature). That is, the heater 11 is heated and adjusted to a predetermined fixing temperature.

The thickness of the fixing film 13 is considerably reduced to 20 to 70 μm in order to efficiently apply the heat of the heater 11 to the recording material P as a material to be heated in the fixing nip portion N. The fixing film 13 has a three-layer structure including a film base layer, a primer layer, and a release layer. The film base layer side is the heater 11 side, and the release layer side is the pressure roller 20 side. Film base layer is heater 1
A polyimide having a higher insulating property than the glass protective layer 11c,
Polyamide imide, PEEK, etc., having heat resistance and high elasticity. Further, the mechanical strength such as the tear strength of the entire fixing film 13 is maintained by the film base layer. The primer layer is formed as a thin layer having a thickness of about 2 to 6 μm. The release layer is a toner offset prevention layer for the fixing film 13, and is formed by coating a fluororesin such as PFA, PTFE, FEP or the like to a thickness of about 10 μm.

The stay holder 12 is formed of, for example, a heat-resistant plastic member, and holds the heater 11 and also serves as a conveyance guide for the fixing film 13.

In such a heating apparatus of the film heating type using the thin film 13 for fixing, the pressing roller 20 having an elastic layer due to the high rigidity of the ceramic heater 11 applies the film 13 to the film 13. Following the flat lower surface of the heater 11 brought into pressure contact with the heater, the flattened portion is formed at the pressure contact portion to form a fixing nip portion N having a predetermined width, and only the fixing nip portion N is heated, thereby realizing the heat fixing of the quick start. are doing.

[0020]

However, the conventional example has the following problems. That is, in the above-described conventional example, the heating nip portion N through which the recording material of the heating device passes.
(Effective heating length area, a direction orthogonal to the recording material passing direction) is determined so that a letter-size recording material can be fed vertically. Here, the pressure roller contact length area is set larger than the effective heat generation length area, and the film width (in the direction orthogonal to the recording material passing direction) is set larger than the pressure roller contact length area. Is done. However, when a recording material (B5 size, A5 size, postcard, envelope, etc.) that is considerably narrower than the width size of the letter size is passed and the image is fixed,
Heating nip where recording material has not passed (non-paper passing area)
The temperature rise becomes intense each time printing is continuously performed (non-paper passing portion temperature rising phenomenon). If an alumina substrate is used as the substrate of the heater 11, the substrate may be damaged by thermal stress, Problems such as melting of the stay holder 12 made of a resin material holding the heater and breakage of the rubber portion of the pressure roller 20 are caused.

In order to solve the above problem, when printing and fixing a narrow recording material, the throughput is reduced to prevent the temperature in the non-sheet passing area from rising, but the productivity is remarkably reduced.

Therefore, a heater substrate made of a ceramic material having a higher thermal conductivity than alumina, such as aluminum nitride (AlN: the thermal conductivity is 5 to 10 times that of alumina), is used as the heater substrate. Improves heat conduction in the width direction (direction perpendicular to the recording material passing direction)
Means for improving the throughput of a narrow recording material have been considered.

In this case, (a), (b) and (c) of FIG.
As shown in FIG. 5, when the thermal conductivity of the heater substrate 11a is larger than the thermal conductivity of the glass 11c of the conventional example, the heat-generating resistor layer 11b is provided on the back side (the non-heating side) of the heater substrate 11a. Heat generation efficiency is improved (backside heating type AlN heater).

The inner side of the film 13 is a heater substrate 11a.
, That is, the surface of the substrate 11a, which is opposite to the surface on which the heat-generating resistance layer is formed, slides directly. Therefore, the inner surface of the film 13 is scraped (abrased) by direct sliding with the heater substrate surface, and the sliding resistance between the heater 11 and the film 13 increases, so that the film 13 cannot smoothly slide with respect to the heater 1. Further, there is a possibility that the pressure roller 20 slips with respect to the recording material P as a material to be heated, resulting in a paper jam.

Accordingly, the present invention provides a backside heating type heater used in a film heating system, or a heating device using the heater, by stably maintaining good slidability between the heater and the film for a long time. It is an object of the present invention to prevent poor sliding movement of a film due to an increase in sliding resistance and paper jam of a material to be heated.

[0026]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a heater, a heating device, and an image forming apparatus having the following constitutions.

(1) A substrate and an energizing heat generating layer formed on one side of the substrate and generating heat by energization, and a film is slid on the side of the substrate opposite to the side on which the energizing heat generating layer is formed. A heating member for heating the material to be heated via the film, wherein a sliding member for improving the slidability with the film is provided on the film sliding surface side of the substrate. heater.

(2) The heater according to (1), wherein the substrate is flat.

(3) The heater according to (1) or (2), wherein the substrate is a ceramic substrate of aluminum nitride.

(4) The heater according to any one of (1) to (3), wherein the sliding member is made of glass and is coated on a film sliding surface of the substrate.

(5) The heater according to (4), wherein the glass coating layer has a thickness of 20 μm or less.

(6) The sliding member is made of a resin material,
The heater according to any one of (1) to (3), wherein the film sliding surface of the substrate is coated.

(7) The heater according to (6), wherein the resin material is a fluorine-based resin material such as PTFE.

(8) The heater according to any one of (1) to (3), wherein the sliding member is a film or tube made of a resin material and covers the heater.

(9) The heater according to (8), wherein the film or tube made of the resin material is a fluorine-based resin material such as PFA.

(10) A heating device comprising the heater according to any one of (1) to (9).

(11) A heating member comprising a heater, a film, and a holding member that holds the heater and guides the inner surface of the film, is pressed against the heater of the heating member with the film interposed therebetween. A heating device having a pressure member forming a heating nip, wherein the heated material is nipped and conveyed by the heating nip, and the heated material is heated by heat from the heater through the film sliding on the heater; , Wherein the heater is any one of the heaters (1) to (9).

(12) The material to be heated is a recording material carrying an image, the recording material is nipped and conveyed by the heating nip, and an image on the recording material is heated by heat from a heater through the film. The heating device according to (10) or (11), being an image heating device for heating or a heat fixing device for fixing an unfixed image as a permanent image.

(13) The heating device according to any one of (10) to (12) is provided as an image heating device for heating an image on a recording material or a heat fixing device for fixing an unfixed image as a permanent image. An image forming apparatus comprising:

<Operation> That is, a sliding member for improving the slidability with a film (a member having a smaller coefficient of friction with the film than the heater substrate) on the film sliding surface side of the substrate of the backside heating heater. More specifically, the presence of a glass coating layer, a coating layer of a heat-resistant sliding resin material such as a fluorine-based resin material such as PTFE / PFA, or a film or tube allows the film to slide directly on the heater substrate surface. The slidability between the heater and the film can be remarkably improved as compared with the case of moving. As a result, wear of the inner surface of the film can be prevented, the sliding resistance between the heater and the film can be reduced, and the smooth sliding property between the heater and the film can be maintained stably for a long period of time. Poor sliding movement of the film and paper jam of the material to be heated can be prevented.

[0041]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS First Embodiment (FIGS. 1 to 4) (1) Example of Image Forming Apparatus FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of an example of an image forming apparatus. The image forming apparatus of this embodiment is a laser beam printer capable of performing both-side printing using a transfer type electrophotographic process.

A paper feed cassette 2 is provided at the lower part of the printer body 1.
Are mounted, and a recording material P (transfer material, sheet material) is stacked on the sheet stacking plate 201. When the pickup roll 202 is driven by a main motor (not shown),
By rotating the recording material P in the direction
Paper feed roll pair 2 consisting of 3a and retard roll 203b
03, and after separating the recording material P one by one,
The paper is fed to a first transport roll pair 301 including a first transport roll 301a and a roller 301b.

The recording material P conveyed to the first conveying roll pair 301 is transported by a second conveying roller 302a and a roller 302
The transfer roller 302 is transported to a second transport roll pair 302 made of b, and further transported to a transfer section which is a press-contact nip portion between a rotating drum type photoconductor (transfer photoconductor) 401 and a transfer roll 402.

The photoreceptor 401 is contained in a process cartridge 4 detachable from the printer main body 1 together with a charger, a developing device, a cleaning device, and the like.

Reference numeral 5 denotes a laser scanner, which outputs a laser beam modulated in accordance with an image signal processed by a controller (not shown) and scans and exposes a photosensitive member 401 in the process cartridge 4 to form an electrostatic image. Write the latent image. The electrostatic latent image is developed as a toner image, and the unfixed toner image is transferred to a recording material P surface at a transfer portion.

The recording material P to which the unfixed toner image has been transferred passes through a transfer guide 403 and is introduced into a heating / fixing device (fixing device) 6 serving as a heating device, and undergoes an image heating / fixing process.

The recording material P on which the image has been fixed by the heating and fixing device 6 is held in a first discharge roller pair 603 composed of a first discharge roll 603a and a discharge roller 603b, in a first switching position. The sheet is guided upward through a path on the upper surface side of the flapper 605, and the second sheet discharging roll 701a and the roller 701 are
b, and is conveyed to a second paper discharge roll pair 701, and is discharged and stacked on a face-down tray 702.

In the case of the double-sided printing mode, the recording material P having been printed on the first side and exiting from the heat fixing device 6 passes through the lower surface of the flapper 605 held in the second switching position, and is turned over by the reversing re-conveying unit. 8, a switchback roll pair 801 including a switchback roll 801a and a roller 801b, and a reverse process by a switchback path 807, and a first re-conveyance roll 803a and a roller 803.
b, a first re-conveying roll pair 803 comprising a second re-conveying roll pair 804, a second re-conveying roll pair 804 comprising a second re-conveying roll 804a and a roller 804b. The toner image is conveyed to the transfer unit again through the path of the pair 302 and receives the transfer of the toner image on the second surface.

Thereafter, the face down tray passes through the path of the heat fixing device 6, the first pair of paper discharge rolls 603, the upper surface of the flapper 605 held in the first switching position, and the second pair of paper discharge rolls 701. 702 is stacked.

(2) Heat fixing device 6 FIG. 2 is an enlarged model diagram of the heat fixing device 6, and FIG. The heat fixing device of this embodiment is a heating device of a film heating type using a cylindrical fixing film, a pressure roller driving type, and a tensionless type disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 4-44075-44083.

Reference numerals 601 and 602 denote a heating member (fixing member, heater unit) and a pressurizing member which are in contact with each other to form a heating nip portion (fixing nip portion) N.

The heating member 601 includes a ceramic heater 601a as a heater and a cylindrical fixing film 601.
b, a film guide 601c as a holding member for holding the ceramic heater 601a and guiding the inner surface of the fixing film 601b, a stay member 601d, and the like.

The pressing member 602 is an elastic pressing roller.
A configuration including a cored bar, a silicone rubber elastic layer provided on the outer side thereof, a PFA sheet tubing layer on the outer peripheral surface thereof, and the like, minimizes toner adhesion when fixing an unfixed toner image.

In the heating member 601, the fixing film 6
In this example, reference numeral 01b denotes a polyimide layer coated with a fluororesin.

The film guide 601c is a member that holds the ceramic heater 601a and prevents heat radiation in the direction opposite to the heating nip N, and is made of a liquid crystal polymer, a phenol resin, PPS, PEEK, or the like. The film guide 601c of this example is a member having a substantially semicircular trough-shaped cross section, heat resistance, electrical insulation, and withstands a high load. The ceramic heater 601a is provided at a substantially central portion of the lower surface of the film guide 601c. The heating surface is exposed downward into a groove provided along the length of the member, and is fitted and fixedly supported.

The cylindrical fixing film 601b is loosely fitted to the film guide 601c including the ceramic heater 601a with a margin in the circumferential length.
The film guide 601c supports the fixing film 601b fitted on the outside from the inside. The pressure roller 602 is held by a bearing member (not shown), and the fixing film 601b is sandwiched between a downward heating surface of the ceramic heater 601a fixed and supported on the lower surface side of the film guide 601c. To form a heating nip portion N necessary for heat fixing from both ends in the longitudinal direction (for example, a total pressure of 4).
１５15 kgf).

The pressure roller 602 is driven by a driving force from a main motor (not shown) in the printer main body 1 to the pressure roller gear and is driven to rotate counterclockwise as indicated by the arrow (pressure roller drive type). ).

The rotational force acts on the fixing film 601b by the frictional contact between the outer surface of the roller 602 and the outer surface of the fixing film 601b at the heating nip portion N due to the rotational driving of the pressure roller 602.
The outer surface of the film guide 601c is rotated clockwise with a peripheral speed substantially corresponding to the rotational peripheral speed of the pressure roller 602 while the inner surface thereof is in close contact with the downward heating surface of the ceramic heater 601a at the heating nip portion N while sliding. State.

In this case, the cylindrical fixing film 601b, which is driven to rotate around the outer periphery of the film guide 601c, is tension-free (except for the tension applied to the fixing film portion other than the heating nip portion N having a peripheral length thereof and the fixing film portion in the vicinity thereof). Not in the state). In addition, a film guide 6 generated with the rotation of the fixing film 601b is formed.
01c is the film guide 601c
The end of the fixing film 601b is received and regulated by the inner surface of a flange member (not shown) provided on the end side of the fixing member.

Thus, the pressure roller 602 is driven to rotate, and accordingly, the cylindrical fixing film 601b is driven to rotate around the film guide 601c, and the ceramic heater 601a is energized to be energized. In a state where the temperature of the heating nip N rises to a predetermined level due to the heat generated by
The recording material P on which an unfixed toner image is formed and carried is introduced from the entrance guide 610, and the unfixed toner image carrying surface of the recording material P is fixed to the fixing film 60 in the heating nip portion N.
The heating nip N is conveyed together with the fixing film 601b in close contact with the outer surface of the heating nip 1b.

In the process of nipping and transporting the recording material P, the heat of the ceramic heater 601a is applied to the recording material P via the fixing film 601b, and the unfixed toner image t on the recording material P is heated and pressed to be fixed. Go.

When the recording material P passes through the heating nip N, the recording material P is separated from the outer surface of the fixing film 601b by a curvature, and the guide 6
08, the sheet is ejected and conveyed from the apparatus 6 along the path of the first sheet ejection roller pair 603. Reference numeral 612 denotes a guide facing the flapper 605.

(3) Heater 601a FIG. 4 (a) is a plan view of the heating surface side of the heater 601a in the embodiment, in which a part of the heater 601a is omitted or partially cut away.
Is a partly omitted / partially cut-out plan view of the anti-heating surface side,
(C) is an enlarged cross-sectional model diagram taken along line cc in (b).

The ceramic heater 601a as the heater in this embodiment is a backside heating type ALN heater using aluminum nitride having good thermal conductivity as the heater substrate 11a, similarly to the heater of FIG.
Is formed on the back surface side (the side opposite to the heating surface) of the substrate, and is coated with a glass layer 11c. However, in the case of this example, the current-carrying heating resistor layer 11
The power supply electrode portion 11d for b is also provided on the back surface of the substrate 11a.

The glass layer 11c on the side opposite to the heating surface of the heater substrate 11a is mainly composed of the current heating resistance layer 11b and the film 60.
It is coated for the purpose of ensuring insulation with 1b, and requires a glass thickness of about 50 μm.

A sliding member 11h is provided on the heating surface side of the heater substrate 11a, that is, on the sliding surface side of the film pressure contact, for the purpose of improving the slidability with the film 601b. In this example, the sliding member 11h is a glass coating layer. The thickness of the glass coating layer 11h as this sliding member is made as thin as 20 μm or less, preferably 10 μm or less, and the heating substrate 11 a
The heat loss transmitted to the side of the film 601b through the film is reduced as much as possible.

Further, the glass material of the glass layer 11c for securing insulation on the non-heating surface side of the heater substrate 11a is made of a material having poor thermal conductivity, and the glass coating as a sliding member on the heating surface side of the heater substrate 11a is used. The layer 11h is made of a material having good heat conductivity including a heat conductive feeler and the like, and is made of a material different from that of the glass layer 11c.
On the side opposite to the heating surface of the heater substrate 11a, the heat generated by the current-generating resistance layer 11b is hardly transmitted to the film guide side by the glass layer 11c having poor thermal conductivity. Glass layer 11
h, heat can be efficiently transmitted to the recording material P via the film 601b.

Although not shown in the figure, the temperature detecting means can be provided at an arbitrary portion such as the heating surface side or the non-heating surface side or the side surface of the heater.

Thus, the backside heating type heater 601a
The film 601 is provided on the sliding surface side of the substrate 11a.
The presence of the glass coating layer 11h as a sliding member for improving the slidability between the heater and the film makes the slidability between the heater and the film much greater than when the film 601b slides directly on the heater substrate surface. Can be improved.

Here, the coefficient of friction between the glass coating layer 11h and the inner surface of the film 601b is 0.15 to 0.2,
The coefficient of friction between the heater substrate (AlN substrate) 11a and the inner surface of the film 601b is 0.25 to 0.3.

This prevents wear on the inner surface of the film,
The sliding resistance between the heater and the film can be reduced, and the smooth sliding property between the heater and the film can be maintained stably for a long time. Can be prevented from occurring.

If the sliding member 11h does not exist on the side of the substrate 11a on which the film is pressed against, the film 601b slides directly on the surface of the substrate 11a, so that the inner surface of the film 601b is scraped and the heater 601a Resistance R2 (FIG. 3) between the film and the film 601b increases. Therefore, the sliding resistance R2 and the film guide (stay holder)
The relationship between the sliding resistance R1 of the recording material P 601c and the film 601b, the sliding force R3 of the stay member 601d and the film 601b on the recording material P, and the conveying force of the recording material by the pressing roller 602 is represented by F1. <F2, recording material P
In contrast, there is a possibility that the pressure roller 602 slips and a paper jam occurs.

<Second Embodiment> This embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the glass coating layer 11h as the sliding member on the heating surface side of the heater substrate 11a is made of a heat-resistant slidable resin material. Specifically, it is changed to a coating layer of a fluororesin such as PFA and PTFE. PFA,
The coefficient of friction between the coating layer of a fluororesin such as PTFE and the inner surface of the film 601b is about 0.05 to 0.15.

The thickness of the fluorine-based resin coating layer is also reduced (for example, 10 μm or less) to minimize the loss of heat transmitted from the current-carrying resistance layer 11b on the non-heating surface side to the film 601b via the heater substrate 11a. Use a configuration that reduces it. Other heater configurations and device configurations are the first
This is the same as that of the embodiment. The above-mentioned fluorine-based resin coating layer may be a laminate layer of a fluorine-based resin film such as PFA and PTFE.

The coefficient of friction between the film or tube 11i made of fluorine resin such as PFA and PTFE and the inner surface of the film 601b is about 0.05 to 0.15.

In the case of this embodiment, the same effects as those of the first embodiment can be obtained.

<Third Embodiment> (FIG. 5) FIG. 5A is a plan view of a heating surface side of a heating heater 601a according to the third embodiment in which a part of the heating heater 601a is omitted and partially cut away.
Is a partly omitted / partially cut-out plan view of the anti-heating surface side,
(C) is an enlarged cross-sectional model diagram taken along line cc in (b).

The heater 601a of the present embodiment uses aluminum nitride having good thermal conductivity as the heater substrate 11a, and has a heat-generating resistance layer 11b formed on the back side (anti-heating side) of the heater substrate 11a. This heater substrate 11
The tubing 11a is made of a heat-resistant slidable resin material, specifically a film or tube 11i made of a fluororesin such as PFA or PTFE so as to enclose the heating surface side and the non-heating surface side. By this tubing, a layer (11c) for securing insulation on the side opposite to the heating surface of the heater substrate 11a and the sliding member layer 11h on the side of the heating surface.
Can be simultaneously formed.

In this embodiment, the same effects as those of the first and second embodiments can be obtained.

<Others> 1) In the heater 601a, the heater substrate 11a is not limited to aluminum nitride. Silicon carbide (SiC),
Other ceramic materials such as aluminum oxide (Al ₂ O ₃ ) can also be used. The pattern form of the energized heating resistor layer 11b, the electrode section, and the like is also arbitrary. The arrangement of the temperature detecting means is also optional.

2) A suitable amount of a lubricant such as heat-resistant grease can be further interposed between the sliding member surface of the heater and the film guide surface and the inner surface of the film.

3) The pressing member 602 is not limited to a roller body.
It can be a rotating body such as a rotating belt body.

4) In the case of a film heating type heating apparatus, an endless belt-like or cylindrical film is used as a driving method of the film 601b, and a driving roller is disposed on the inner peripheral surface side of the film, and this driving is performed. A driving system may be used in which a film is stretched and stretched between a plurality of members including a roller and the film is rotated and driven by a driving roller. In this manner, the film is driven by applying a tension. The method has an advantage that film transportability can be increased. The tensionless drive system as in the embodiment has an advantage that the configuration can be simplified and a low-cost heating device can be realized.

Further, it is also possible to use a device in which a rolled long-end web-shaped end film is used and is run while being rewound from the pay-out side to the take-up side.

5) In the present invention, the heating device is not limited to the heating and fixing device of the embodiment, but may be an image heating device for heating a recording material bearing an image to improve the surface properties such as gloss, Apparatuses for heating a material to be heated, such as a device for heating and drying a material to be heated and a laminating device for heating, are also included.

6) The principle and process of forming an unfixed image on a recording material in an image forming apparatus are arbitrary.

[0087]

As described above, according to the present invention, a backside heating type heater used in a film heating system or a heating device using the heater is provided with a film on a sliding surface side of a heater substrate in contact with a film. By providing a sliding member for improving the slidability between the heater and the film, the slidability between the heater and the film can be remarkably improved as compared with the case where the film slides directly on the heater substrate surface. This prevents wear on the inner surface of the film, reduces the sliding resistance between the heater and the film, and maintains the smooth sliding property between the heater and the film stably for a long period of time. It is possible to prevent poor sliding movement and paper jam of the material to be heated.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of an example of an image forming apparatus according to a first embodiment.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged model diagram of a heat fixing device part.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional model diagram of a heating member and a pressure member.

FIG. 4 (a) is a plan view of a heating surface side with a middle part omitted / partially cut out of the heater, FIG. 4 (b) is a plan view of an anti-heating side side partly omitted / partially cut away, and (c). ) Is an enlarged cross-sectional model along the line cc in FIG.

FIG. 5A is a schematic plan view of a heating surface side of a heater according to a third embodiment, in which a part of the heater is omitted and partially cut away;
(B) is a plan view of an anti-heating surface side partly omitted and partially cut away, and (c) is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along the line cc in the figure (b).

6A is a model diagram of a main part of a film heating type heating device, FIG. 6B is a plan model diagram of a partially cutout on a heating surface side of a heater, and FIG. Plan model drawing

7A is a model diagram of a main part of a film heating type heating device using a backside heating type AlN heater, FIG. 7B is a plan model diagram of a heating surface side of the heater, and FIG. Plan view of the side cutout

[Explanation of symbols]

 6 Heat fixing device (film heating type heating device) 601 Heating member (heater unit) 602 Pressing member (elastic pressing roller) 11 ・ 601a Heating heater (ceramic heater) 11h Sliding member layer 11i Tubing layer 13 ・ 601b Fixing Film 12.601c Film guide 601d Stay member

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page F term (reference) 2H033 AA14 AA23 AA37 BA26 BB21 BE03 3K034 AA20 BA05 BA11 BA17 BB06 BB14 BC25 CA32 CA39 GA03 GA04 GA08 HA01 HA10 3K092 PP18 QA05 QA06 QB33 QC25 QC62 RF03 RF11 RF17 RF22

Claims (13)

[Claims] 1. A substrate having an energizing heat generating layer formed on one side of the substrate and generating heat by energization, wherein a film is slid on a side of the substrate opposite to the side on which the energizing heat generating layer is formed. A heater for heating a material to be heated via the film, wherein a sliding member is provided on the film sliding surface side of the substrate for improving the slidability with the film. . 2. The heater according to claim 1, wherein said substrate is planar. 3. The heater according to claim 1, wherein said substrate is made of an aluminum nitride ceramic substrate. 4. The heater according to claim 1, wherein the sliding member is made of glass and is coated on a film sliding surface of the substrate. 5. The heater according to claim 4, wherein said glass coating layer has a thickness of 20 μm or less. 6. The heater according to claim 1, wherein the sliding member is made of a resin material, and is coated on a film sliding surface of the substrate. 7. The heater according to claim 6, wherein the resin material is a fluorine resin material such as PTFE. 8. The heater according to claim 1, wherein the sliding member covers the heater with a film or tube made of a resin material. 9. The heater according to claim 8, wherein the film or tube made of the resin material is a fluorine-based resin material such as PFA. 10. A heating device comprising the heater according to any one of claims 1 to 9. 11. A heating member comprising a heater, a film, and a holding member that holds the heater and guides an inner surface of the film, and presses the heater of the heating member with the film and presses the film therebetween to heat the member. A heating device having a pressure member forming a nip, wherein the material to be heated is nipped and conveyed by the heating nip, and the material to be heated is heated by heat from the heater through the film sliding on the heater. A heating device, wherein the heater is the heater according to any one of claims 1 to 9. 12. The heating material is a recording material carrying an image, and the recording material is nipped and conveyed by the heating nip.
12. The heating device according to claim 10, wherein the heating device is an image heating device that heats an image on the recording material by heat from a heater through the film or a heat fixing device that fixes an unfixed image as a permanent image. apparatus. 13. A heating device according to claim 10, wherein said heating device is an image heating device for heating an image on a recording material or a heat fixing device for fixing an unfixed image as a permanent image. Image forming apparatus.